現(xiàn)在分詞學(xué)習(xí)要素現(xiàn)在分詞學(xué)習(xí)要素 現(xiàn)在分詞主要起形容詞與副詞的作用，在句中可作定語、狀語、表語、補(bǔ)足語等。很多同學(xué)反映現(xiàn)在分詞難學(xué)，請大家注意下列幾點(diǎn)： 南昌十九中 宋燾一、了解現(xiàn)在分詞的基本特點(diǎn)一、了解現(xiàn)在分詞的基本特點(diǎn) 現(xiàn)在分詞有兩個(gè)最基本的特點(diǎn)： （一）在時(shí)間上表動作正在進(jìn)行。如： a developing country發(fā)展中國家，rising sun冉冉升起的太陽。 （二）在語態(tài)上表主動。如： the ruling class統(tǒng)治階級，the exploiting class剝削階級。 二、掌握現(xiàn)在分詞的基本功能二、掌握現(xiàn)在分詞的基本功能 （一）現(xiàn)在分詞作表語 說明主語的性質(zhì)和特點(diǎn)。如： 1The film is interesting這場電影有趣。 析：interesting說明電影的性質(zhì)和特點(diǎn)是“令人感興趣”。 2The news is surprising這個(gè)消息令人驚訝。 析：surprising說明消息的性質(zhì)和特點(diǎn)是“令人驚訝的”。 （二）現(xiàn)在分詞作定語 現(xiàn)在分詞作定語，表正在進(jìn)行的動作或主動的動作，也可說明被修飾詞的性質(zhì)和特點(diǎn)。如： 1There was a noise _ the sudden burst of light Afollowed Bfollowing Cto be followed Dbeing followed 析：選B。該句表示有一陣噪音正隨著光的突然閃動而出現(xiàn)，所以應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在分詞表動作正在進(jìn)行，并表示噪音主動伴著光的突然閃動而出現(xiàn)。following可轉(zhuǎn)換成定語從句“which was following”。 2He saw a _ bird Afly Bflying Cflew Dto be flying 析：選B。表示“他看見一只正在飛的鳥”，所以應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在分詞作定語，表示鳥正在主動飛行。a flying bird可轉(zhuǎn)換成定語從句“a bird which was flying”。 3I was satisfied with the _ speech Aexcite Bexciting Cexcited Dbe excited 析：選B?！傲钊伺d奮的”正是他演講的性質(zhì)和特點(diǎn)，所以應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在分詞作定語。the exciting speech可轉(zhuǎn)換成定語從句“the speech thatwhich was exciting”。 （三）現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語 現(xiàn)在分詞的狀語功能很多，可作時(shí)間狀語、條件狀語、結(jié)果狀語、原因狀語和伴隨狀語等，表示主動或正在進(jìn)行的動作。此時(shí)分詞的邏輯主語通常是主句的主語，因此應(yīng)注意人稱、時(shí)態(tài)和語態(tài)的一致性。 1European football is played in 80 countries，_ it the most popular sport in the world（NMET98） Amaking Bmakes Cmade Dto make 析：選A。該句表示“歐式足球運(yùn)動在 80個(gè)國家開展，其結(jié)果是它使歐式足球成為世界上最受歡迎的體育運(yùn)動”，顯然應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在分詞作結(jié)果狀語。 （四）現(xiàn)在分詞作補(bǔ)足語 現(xiàn)在分詞可作補(bǔ)足語，表示正在進(jìn)行的或主動的動作，通常用在一些固定搭配中。如： 1Soon they could see steam _ from the wet clothes Arise Brising Crisen Dbe rising 析：選B。該句表示“很快他們看見蒸氣正從濕衣服上升起”，所以應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在分詞作賓語補(bǔ)足語，表動作正在進(jìn)行。 2The missing boys were last seen _ near the river（NMET94） Aplaying Bto be playing Cplay Dto play 析：選A?！笆й櫟哪泻冏詈笠淮伪豢吹綍r(shí)正在河邊玩耍”，所以應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在分詞作主語補(bǔ)足語。 三、掌握現(xiàn)在分詞的獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)三、掌握現(xiàn)在分詞的獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu) 現(xiàn)在分詞的獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)實(shí)際上是指帶邏輯主語的現(xiàn)在分詞結(jié)構(gòu)，該結(jié)構(gòu)在句中可作時(shí)間狀語、條件狀語、原因狀語、伴隨狀語等，其邏輯主語前邊也可加上with，其中現(xiàn)在分詞仍表正在進(jìn)行的動作或主動的動作。如： 1The baby fell from the cradle，blood _ down from his face Acome Bcoming Cto come Dto be coming 析：選B。“血正從他的臉上流下來”，用現(xiàn)在分詞的獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)作狀語。 2With his lips still _ ，he couldnt say a word Atrembling Btremble Cto tremble Dto be trembling 析：選A。他說不出話是因?yàn)椤八淖齑饺栽陬澏丁?，用現(xiàn)在分詞的獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)作原因狀語，表動作正在進(jìn)行。 1. the house on fire, he dialed 119.A.To see B.Seeing C.Having seen D.Being seen 2.I fell down and broke three of my teeth. I wonder how many times I have to come here and get my false teeth . A.fix B.fixing C.fixed D.to fix 3.Were to listen to her voice. Its to hear her sing.A.pleased; pleasing; pleasure B.pleased; pleasant; a pleasureC.pleasing; pleased; a pleasure D.pleasing; pleasant; pleasure 4. a post office, I stopped some stamps.A. Passed, buying B. Passing, to buyC. Having passed, buyD. Pass, to buy 5. with the size of the whole earth, the highest mountain does not seem high at all. A. ComparingB. To compare C. Compared D. Having compared 6.Here are some new computer programs for home buildings. A.designing B.design C.designed D.to design 7. a little money, Jimmy was able to buy his mother a lovely new lamp A.To save B.Saving C.Saved D.Having saved 8.The teacher came into the classroom by his students.A.followingB.to be following C.followed D.having followed. 9.With the money , he couldnt buy any ticket.A.to lose B.losing C.lost D.has lost 10.There was so much noise in the room that the speaker couldnt make himself .A.being heard B.hearing C.heard D.hear 11.The result of the test was rather . A.disappointed B.disappointing C.being disappointed D.disappoint 12.Ive never heard the word in spoken English.A.use B.used C.using D.useing