菏澤語法九動詞及動詞短語考點考點1 常見易混動詞辨析常見易混動詞辨析(1)spend/pay/cost/take表示表示“花費花費”Mom never spends any money on herself. 媽媽從來都不在自己身上花錢。媽媽從來都不在自己身上花錢。May I borrow 12 yuan from you? Ill pay it back next week. 你能借給我你能借給我12塊錢嗎？我下周還你。塊錢嗎？我下周還你。It wont cost you a penny for the first six months. 開始的六個月你不用花一分錢。開始的六個月你不用花一分錢。It took them three years to build this road. 他們用三年時間修完了這條路。他們用三年時間修完了這條路。(2)look/watch/see/read 表示表示“看看”look可以表示可以表示“看上去看上去”，是感官動詞，后接形容詞。，是感官動詞，后接形容詞。看病看病(看醫(yī)生看醫(yī)生)用用see a doctor表示。表示。(3)speak/say/talk/tell表示表示“說說”(4)感官動詞感官動詞look/taste/sound/feel/smell(5)borrow/lend/keep表示表示“借借”(6)hope/wish/expect(7)forget/leave(8)hear/listen/sound(9)wear/put on/dress/in(10)reach/get/arrive常見易混動詞辨析常見易混動詞辨析考生經(jīng)常在同義詞、近義詞、形近詞辨析這幾點上觸雷?？忌?jīng)常在同義詞、近義詞、形近詞辨析這幾點上觸雷。1Last night they _ home at_12：00. Areach; behind Bgot; aroundCgot; about Darrive at; aboutC2Our English teacher often _ we can speak Chinese when we _with her. Aspeaks; say Btalks; talkCsays; talk Dtells; speakC3(2017襄陽中考襄陽中考)Great! Our womens volleyball team _ the gold medal in Rio Olympic Games on Saturday! Yes. We see the great spirit of Chinese womens volleyball team once again! Awon Bbeat Clost DmissedA4(2017涼山中考涼山中考)Wow, your sweater is very beautiful! Thank you. I bought it two days ago. It _ me $50. Atook Bcost Cpaid DspentB5Waiter, theres a fly(蒼蠅蒼蠅) swimming in my soup. So what do you _ me to do, call a lifeguard(救生員救生員)? Awarn BexpectCinvite DencourageB6(2017鹽城中考鹽城中考)China has seen a trend(潮流潮流) of _ shared bikes since last year. Aride BridingCtake DtakingB7(2017天津中考天津中考)The cheese doesnt _ good. Why dont we go to buy some fresh cheese? Sounds great! Asee Bfind Csound DtasteD8(2017海南中考海南中考)I _ sick. I may have a fever. Youd better go to see a doctor. Afeel Blook CsoundA考點考點2 動詞短語辨析動詞短語辨析?？嫉膭釉~短語辨析有三種：?？嫉膭釉~短語辨析有三種：第一種是同一動詞的不同搭配；第一種是同一動詞的不同搭配；第二種是同一副詞或介詞與不同動詞的搭配；第二種是同一副詞或介詞與不同動詞的搭配；第三種是完全不同的動詞短語。第三種是完全不同的動詞短語。(1)同一動詞的不同搭配同一動詞的不同搭配look短語短語look after照料；照顧照料；照顧look at看看look for尋找；尋求尋找；尋求look forward to盼望；期待盼望；期待look out注意；當心；向外看注意；當心；向外看look through快速查看；瀏覽快速查看；瀏覽look up(在詞典、參考書中或通過電腦在詞典、參考書中或通過電腦)查閱；抬頭看查閱；抬頭看look up to欽佩；仰慕欽佩；仰慕look短語辨析短語辨析look構(gòu)成的各種動詞短語比較難辨析，考生經(jīng)常在這一點構(gòu)成的各種動詞短語比較難辨析，考生經(jīng)常在這一點上觸雷。上觸雷。cut短語短語cut down砍倒砍倒cut off切除切除cut out刪除；刪去刪除；刪去cut up切碎切碎run短語短語run after追逐；追趕追逐；追趕run away跑開跑開run out (of)用盡；耗盡用盡；耗盡turn短語短語turn down調(diào)低調(diào)低turn up調(diào)高調(diào)高turn. . . into變成變成turn on接通接通(電流、煤氣、水等電流、煤氣、水等)；打開；打開turn off關(guān)掉關(guān)掉turn left/right向左向左/右轉(zhuǎn)右轉(zhuǎn)take短語短語take after(外貌或行為外貌或行為)像像take care of照顧；處理照顧；處理take down拆除；往下拽；記錄拆除；往下拽；記錄take in吸入；吞入吸入；吞入(體內(nèi)體內(nèi))take off脫下；起飛脫下；起飛take place發(fā)生；出現(xiàn)發(fā)生；出現(xiàn)take up (尤指為消遣尤指為消遣)學著做；開始做學著做；開始做get短語短語get dressed穿上衣服穿上衣服get into陷入；參與陷入；參與get lost迷路迷路get off下車下車get on 上車上車get on with與與相處相處get up起床；站起起床；站起use短語短語be/get used to習慣于習慣于be used to do被用來做被用來做used to曾經(jīng)曾經(jīng)；過去；過去give短語短語give away贈送；捐贈贈送；捐贈give out分發(fā)；散發(fā)分發(fā)；散發(fā)give up放棄放棄give in屈服屈服call短語短語call (sb. ) back(給某人給某人)回電話回電話call in召來；叫來召來；叫來call up打電話給打電話給(某人某人)；征召；征召come短語短語come true實現(xiàn)；成為現(xiàn)實實現(xiàn)；成為現(xiàn)實come up with想出；提出想出；提出(主意、計劃、回答等主意、計劃、回答等)bring短語短語bring back恢復；使想起；歸還恢復；使想起；歸還bring out使顯現(xiàn)；使表現(xiàn)出使顯現(xiàn)；使表現(xiàn)出fall短語短語fall asleep進入夢鄉(xiāng)；睡著進入夢鄉(xiāng)；睡著fall down突然倒下；跌倒；倒塌突然倒下；跌倒；倒塌fall in love愛上；喜歡上愛上；喜歡上fall over絆倒絆倒go短語短語go along (the street) 沿著沿著(這條街這條街)走走go off (鬧鐘鬧鐘)發(fā)出響聲發(fā)出響聲go out外出外出(娛樂娛樂)make短語短語make sure確保；查明確保；查明make up編造編造(故事、謊言等故事、謊言等)put短語短語put on增加增加(體重體重)；發(fā)胖；發(fā)胖put off推遲推遲put up搭起；舉起；張貼搭起；舉起；張貼put away收拾收拾(整理整理)好好put sth. to good use好好利用某物好好利用某物put out熄滅熄滅set短語短語set out出發(fā)；啟程出發(fā)；啟程set up建起；建立建起；建立(2)同一副詞或介詞與不同動詞的搭配同一副詞或介詞與不同動詞的搭配up短語短語call up打電話給打電話給(某人某人)；征召；征召cheer up(使使)變得更高興；振奮起來變得更高興；振奮起來clean up打掃打掃(或清除或清除)干凈干凈cut up切碎切碎dress up裝扮；喬裝打扮裝扮；喬裝打扮end up最終成為；最后處于最終成為；最后處于fix up修理；裝飾修理；裝飾give up放棄放棄grow up長大；成熟長大；成熟hurry up趕快；急忙趕快；急忙look up查找查找make up編造編造(故事、謊言等故事、謊言等)pick up撿起；接電話撿起；接電話put up搭起；舉起搭起；舉起set up建起；建立建起；建立 show up趕到；露面趕到；露面stay up熬夜熬夜take up (尤指為消遣尤指為消遣)學著做；開始做；占據(jù)學著做；開始做；占據(jù)wake up醒；叫醒醒；叫醒out短語短語blow out吹滅吹滅bring out使顯現(xiàn)；使表現(xiàn)出使顯現(xiàn)；使表現(xiàn)出check out察看；觀察察看；觀察clear out清理；丟掉清理；丟掉find out查明；弄清查明；弄清give out分發(fā)；散發(fā)分發(fā)；散發(fā)go out外出外出(娛樂娛樂)hand out分發(fā)分發(fā)hang out閑逛；常去某處閑逛；常去某處lay out擺開；布置擺開；布置leave out不包括；不提及；忽略不包括；不提及；忽略run out (of) 用盡；耗盡用盡；耗盡sell out賣光賣光set out出發(fā)；啟程出發(fā)；啟程work out成功地發(fā)展；解決成功地發(fā)展；解決down短語短語die down逐漸變?nèi)?；逐漸消失逐漸變?nèi)酰恢饾u消失let. . . down使失望使失望lie down躺下躺下pull. . . down拆下；摧毀拆下；摧毀write down寫下；記錄下寫下；記錄下with短語短語agree with. . . 同意；贊成同意；贊成compare. . . with比較；對比比較；對比connect. . . with. . . 把把和和連接或聯(lián)系起來連接或聯(lián)系起來deal with應付；處理應付；處理part with放棄、交出放棄、交出(尤指不舍得的東西尤指不舍得的東西)(3)完全不同的動詞詞組完全不同的動詞詞組ask for請求；懇求請求；懇求(給予給予)care for照顧；非常喜歡照顧；非常喜歡believe in信任；信賴信任；信賴care about關(guān)心；在意關(guān)心；在意clean. . . off把把擦掉擦掉depend on依靠；信賴依靠；信賴divide. . . into把把分成分成separate from分開；分離分開；分離hear from接到接到(某人的某人的)信、電話等信、電話等throw away扔掉；拋棄扔掉；拋棄drop by順便訪問；隨便進入順便訪問；隨便進入stick to堅持；固守堅持；固守pay attention to注意；關(guān)注注意；關(guān)注pass by路過；經(jīng)過路過；經(jīng)過pay for付費；付出代價付費；付出代價prepare for為為做準備做準備pull together齊心協(xié)力；通力合作齊心協(xié)力；通力合作shut off關(guān)閉；停止運轉(zhuǎn)關(guān)閉；停止運轉(zhuǎn)take the place of代替；替換代替；替換think of認為認為9(2017安徽中考安徽中考)Our geography teacher told us to _ more information about our city and share it next week. Afind out Bkeep awayCturn off Duse upA10(2017山西中考山西中考)When youre invited to have dinner at home by an American friend, you should be _ or a little later. Its different from our Chinese custom. Aon time Bon business Con showA11(2017鹽城中考鹽城中考)To athletes, the most important thing is not to win a gold or a sliver, but to _ Atake part Btake noticeCtake place Dtake careA12(2017孝感中考孝感中考)Whats the meaning of “The Belt and Road”？Let me _ the words in the new dictionary. Alook at Blook forClook after Dlook upD13(2017貴港中考貴港中考)What should we do for the disabled children? You should _ a study group to help them. Atake up Bset up Clook up Dput upB14(2017貴港中考貴港中考)Im going to Hong Kong next month. What about you, Jenny? I will _social practice. Atake part in Btake placeCtake off Dtake actionA15(2017貴陽中考貴陽中考)We should not _ trees in order to make our environment more beautiful. Awrite down Bcut downCturn downB16(2017河南中考河南中考)Dont you know where your kids are in the house? Turn off the Internet and theyll _quickly. Aget up Bstand upCshow up Dhurry upC17(2017南通中考南通中考)Make sure you have prepared everything well before you _ the plan. Atry on Bbreak downCthink of Dcarry outD18(2017荊州中考荊州中考)Whats the news about? People near the lake didnt allow them to _ a factory so as not to pollute the water. Alook up Bput upCtake up Dset upD19(2017宜昌中考宜昌中考)What do you think is important for the players on a team? Its to play together and _ the best in each other. Abring out Blook upCbelieve in Dblow outA20(2017連云港中考連云港中考)Have you heard of the big fire that broke out on Huaguo Mountain at the Qingming Festival? Yes. Luckily, hundreds of firemen went there and _ the fire immediately. Aput off Bput awayCput down Dput outD21(2017蘇州中考蘇州中考)As soon as she _ at home, Sally knew she had bought the wrong dress. Ahanded it in Btried it onCcut it out Dmade it upB考點考點3 情態(tài)動詞情態(tài)動詞(1)情態(tài)動詞過去式與原形相比，表示更委婉的語氣。情態(tài)動詞過去式與原形相比，表示更委婉的語氣。(2)mustnt表示否定意義，意為表示否定意義，意為“禁止，不允許禁止，不允許”。(3)have to有人稱、數(shù)和時態(tài)的變化，表示受客觀條件有人稱、數(shù)和時態(tài)的變化，表示受客觀條件限制，意為限制，意為“不得不不得不”。She has to take the bus to work. 她不得不坐公共汽車去上班。她不得不坐公共汽車去上班。(4)“May. . . ？”句式的否定回答是句式的否定回答是“No, . . . cant. ”?！癕ust. . . ？”句式的否定回答是句式的否定回答是“No, . . . neednt. /. . . dont have to. ”。22(2017安徽中考安徽中考)Mum, Ive signed for the box. Whats in it? Im not sure. It _ be a present from your uncle. Aneed Bmust Cmay DwillC23(2017北京中考北京中考) _ I hand in the report today? No, you neednt. ACan BMust CShall DCould24(2017福建中考福建中考)Mum, may I go swimming now? Yes, dear, but remember that you _ go with your dad. Amay Bcan CmustBC25(2017蘭州中考蘭州中考)Will Jim fly to Taiwan for a holiday? He _ try. In fact, it depends on how much the journey costs. Amay Bhas to Cneed DmustA26(2017武威中考武威中考)I wonder if these are Dannys glasses? They _ be Dannys. He doesnt wear glasses. Acant Bmust Cmustnt DcanA27(2017安順中考安順中考)Must I stay here with you, Mum? No, you _ . You may go home now, but you_ go to the netbar. Amustnt; neednt Bneednt; mustntCmust; need Dneed; mustB28(2017龍東中考龍東中考)Look! The man at the school gate _ be our headmaster. He is always standing there to welcome us every morning. No, it _ be him. He is holding a meeting in the office now. Amust; cant Bmust; mustntCcant; mustntA29(2017黃石中考黃石中考)Janet is sleeping at home. She _ be. I went for a walk with her just now. Acant Bmustnt Cneednt DwontA30(2017荊州中考荊州中考)Sixty dollars for such a Tshirt! You _ be joking! Im serious. Its made of silk from Hangzhou. Amust Bneed Cwill Dcan A31(2017咸寧中考咸寧中考)Its said that nuclear power will be used to produce electricity in Xianning. However, nuclear power _ be very dangerous. Acan BneedCmust DshouldA32(2017溫州中考溫州中考)Weve ordered too much food. I _ eat any more. Never mind. Lets take it home. Acant BmustntCneednt DshouldntA33(2017重慶中考重慶中考)Robert, could you wash the car for me? Yes, I _ . Im coming, Dad. Acould Bcouldnt Ccan DcantC考點考點4 系動詞系動詞系動詞本身沒有詞義，不能單獨作謂語，只能和表語一起系動詞本身沒有詞義，不能單獨作謂語，只能和表語一起構(gòu)成謂語，說明主語的身份、性質(zhì)、特征等。構(gòu)成謂語，說明主語的身份、性質(zhì)、特征等。34(2016濟南中考濟南中考)Do you like the songs by Taylor? Yes. Country music _ nice and full of feelings. Asounds Blistens Chears DlooksA35Excuse me. Id like a Christmas gift for my friend. What about this pair of gloves? It _ beautiful. Afeels BlooksCseems DbecomesB36The two boys _ fond of the new toy bought by their father. Abe Bam Cis Dare37Almost all the water _ gone. Please save water! Aare Bis Chave DwereDB考點考點5 助動詞助動詞(1)助動詞助動詞be(2)助動詞助動詞do有人稱和時態(tài)的變化，主要用來構(gòu)成謂語是實義動詞的有人稱和時態(tài)的變化，主要用來構(gòu)成謂語是實義動詞的句子的否定句、疑問句或?qū)χ^語動詞進行強調(diào)。句子的否定句、疑問句或?qū)χ^語動詞進行強調(diào)。Do you know China well？你很了解中國嗎？你很了解中國嗎？Did your father call you yesterday？你爸爸昨天給你打電話了嗎？你爸爸昨天給你打電話了嗎？(3)助動詞助動詞have與過去分詞構(gòu)成各種時態(tài)。與過去分詞構(gòu)成各種時態(tài)。You havent been abroad before, have you？你以前沒出過國，是不是？你以前沒出過國，是不是？38(2017鄂州中考鄂州中考)He didnt go to school late yesterday, did he? _ ， though it rained hard yesterday. ANo, he didnt BYes, he didntCYes, he did DNo, he didA39(2017永州中考永州中考)David, _ make trouble at school. Acant Bdont CdoesntB40Mr. Smiths plane _ . Lets wait for him here. Ahasnt arrivedBdidnt arriveCdoesnt arriveDcouldnt arriveA