第四章第四章 動(dòng)詞和時(shí)態(tài)動(dòng)詞和時(shí)態(tài)第五節(jié)第五節(jié) 一般過(guò)去時(shí)一般過(guò)去時(shí) 知識(shí)梳理知識(shí)梳理一、一般過(guò)去時(shí)的用法一般過(guò)去時(shí)表示在過(guò)去的某個(gè)時(shí)間里發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)。 標(biāo)志時(shí)間詞：yesterday, yesterday+時(shí)間, last+時(shí)間, ago, before, the day before yesterday, just now等。二、動(dòng)詞過(guò)去式的變化規(guī)則 1. 一般情況下，在動(dòng)詞詞尾加ed。如：workworked，listenlistened 2. 以不發(fā)音的e結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞，在詞尾加d。如：livelived，closeclosed 3. 以輔音字母加y結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞，改y為i，再加ed。 如：crycried，studystudied 4. 以重讀閉音節(jié)結(jié)尾，且詞尾只有一個(gè)輔音字母的動(dòng)詞，雙寫最后這個(gè)輔音字母，再加ed。如：stopstopped，dropdropped 5. 不規(guī)則變化(需逐個(gè)記憶)。 如：am/iswas，arewere，do/doesdid，bringbrought，comecame三、一般過(guò)去時(shí)的句型結(jié)構(gòu) 1.肯定句：主語(yǔ)+be動(dòng)詞/動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去式+其他. 如：I watched a movie last night. They went to the park last weekend. 2.否定句： (1) 主語(yǔ)+be動(dòng)詞+not+其他. 如：Tom wasnt at home yesterday. (2) 主語(yǔ)+didnt+動(dòng)詞原形+其他. 如：Ben didnt come to school yesterday. We didnt go shopping last night. 3.一般疑問(wèn)句：Be動(dòng)詞 / Did+主語(yǔ)+動(dòng)詞原形+其他? 如：Were you in school last Friday? Did your mother cook dinner last night? Did you wash your clothes last Sunday? 4.特殊疑問(wèn)句：特殊疑問(wèn)詞+一般疑問(wèn)句？ 如：I was at home yesterday. Where were you yesterday? I watched a movie last night. What did you do last night? They went to the park last weekend. Where did they go last weekend?考點(diǎn)精析考點(diǎn)精析考點(diǎn)考點(diǎn)1 考查一般過(guò)去時(shí)的用法考查一般過(guò)去時(shí)的用法【例1】 用所給動(dòng)詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。 1. It (be) Marys birthday last Friday. 2. We all (have) a good time last night. 解析:本題考查動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去式。1,2小題中的時(shí)間詞last Friday 和last night 都是過(guò)去的時(shí)間，故而動(dòng)詞用過(guò)去式。 答案：1. was 2. had【例2】改錯(cuò)。 1. He didnt his homework last Sunday. _ 2. They were play football after school yesterday. _解析:本題考查一般過(guò)去時(shí)的動(dòng)詞形式。第1小題是過(guò)去式的否定句，此題只有助動(dòng)詞didnt，其后沒(méi)有原形實(shí)義動(dòng)詞，“做作業(yè)”詞組是do his homework, 故需要在didnt 之后加上do; 第2小題be動(dòng)詞were 在過(guò)去式的句子中表達(dá)狀態(tài)，而該句的中心詞play football是動(dòng)詞詞組，故而不需要be動(dòng)詞的參與，直接將動(dòng)詞變成過(guò)去式形式就可以了。 答案: 1. He didnt do his homework last Sunday. 2. They played football after school yesterday.舉一反三 1. 用 am， is， are， was， were 填空。 (1) Today _ June 2nd. Yesterday_June 1st. It _ Childrens Day. All the children _very happy. (2) _ the teachers in the office just now？ No， they _ on the playground. And now， they _ in the classroom. I _ in the classroom， too. iswaswaswereWerewereaream2. 用所給動(dòng)詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。 （1）Did you _ (play) the piano yesterday?（2）I _ (write) a letter last night.（3）Who _ (clean) the window yesterday?（4）Sarah_ (run) to school this morning.（5）Tom _ (go) to the park last Sunday.playwrotecleanedranwent 3. 按要求改寫下列句子。 (1) She visited her grandma last weekend.（就畫線部分提問(wèn)） _ (2) There were five pictures in the room. (就畫線部分提問(wèn)) _ (3) Did Mary have a little lamb? (改為肯定句) _ What did she do last weekend?What was in the room?Mary had a little lamb.過(guò)關(guān)檢測(cè)過(guò)關(guān)檢測(cè)一、寫出下列動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去式。1. buy _ 2. come _ 3. meet _4. read _ 5. help _ 6. teach _7. take _ 8. go _ 9. fly _10. see _ 11. make _ 12. drive _13. eat _ 14. sing _ 15. tell _boughtcamemetreadhelpedtaughttookwentflewsawmadedroveatesangtold二、用括號(hào)內(nèi)所給動(dòng)詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。 1 Tom and Mary _(come) to China last month. 2 Mary _(read) English yesterday morning. 3 There _(be) no children here ten minutes ago. 4. What _ you _ the day before yesterday?(do) 5 Last week we _(pick) many apples on the farm.camereadwerediddopicked6 My mother _(not do) housework yesterday.7 There _(be not) any hospitals in my hometown(家鄉(xiāng)) in 1940.8 There _(be) a football match on TV yesterday evening, but I _(have) no time to watch it.9. The sun _(go) up in the east and _(set) down in the west.10. Look!The fish _(swim) happily in the lake. They are so cute.didnt dowere not/werentwashadgoessetsare swimming三、按要求完成下列句子。 1.I had a cold last week.（改為一般疑問(wèn)句，并作肯定回答） _ _ 2.We went to Beijing last month .（改為一般疑問(wèn)句，并作否定回答） _ _Did you have a cold last week?Yes,I did.Did you go to Beijing last month?No, we didnt.3.上個(gè)周末，我們?nèi)ベ?gòu)物了。（漢譯英） _4.昨天她去看望她叔叔。（漢譯英） _5.What did you do yesterday?（根據(jù)實(shí)際情況回答） _ _ We went shopping last weekend.She visited her uncle yesterday.I played football/ cleaned my room / watched TV yesterday.四、單項(xiàng)填空。 ( )1. Be careful. The train _. A. will come B. came C. is coming ( )2. _ he _ some shopping tomorrow afternoon? A. Will; does B. Is; going to do C. Is; doing ( )3. _ he at school yesterday? A. Does B. Did C. Was ( )4. _ you in Shanghai last week? Yes, I _. A. Was; was B. Did; did C. Were; was ( )5. Class One _ the football match yesterday afternoon. A. wined B. won C. was won ( )6. I _ swimming _ Mike last month. A. was went; with B. go; with C. went; withCBCCBC五、選詞填空，將下列短文補(bǔ)充完整。 My mother 1._ busy last weekend. She 2. _ my grandma on Saturday morning. They 3. _ noodles together. 4. _ the evening, she 5. _the clothes. She often 6._ to the park on Sunday morning, but she 7._ my room last Sunday. In the afternoon, she went shopping. She watched TV 8._ me in the evening. She was very 9._ last weekend. So Ill help my mother do some housework 10._ weekend.wasvisitedcookedInwashed goescleanedwithtirednext六、用所給單詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。It 1._ (be) sunny last weekend. I 2. _(go) to the park with my friends. There 3. _(be) many trees, a lake and some mountains in the park. We 4. _(play)games and 5. _(climb) a mountain. We 6. _(have) a lot of fun. How happy we 7._ (be)!waswentareplayedclimbedhadwere七、把下列句子改成一般疑問(wèn)句，并分別做肯定和否定回答。 1. It was sunny yesterday. _ _ 2. I was in the zoo two hours ago _ _Was it sunny yesterday?Yes, it was./ No, it wasnt.Were you in the zoo two hours ago?Yes,I was./ No,I wasnt. 3. They watched TV last night. _ _ 4. Tom was happy just now. _ _ 5. She liked drawing pictures two years ago. _ _Did they watch TV last night?Yes, they did./ No,they didnt. Was Tom happy just now?Yes,he was./ No,he wasnt.Did she like drawing pictures two years ago?Yes,she did./ No,she didnt.