第四章第四章 動詞和時態(tài)動詞和時態(tài)第二節(jié)第二節(jié) 一般現(xiàn)在時一般現(xiàn)在時 知識梳理知識梳理一、一般現(xiàn)在時的用法一般現(xiàn)在時表示經(jīng)常性、規(guī)律性或習(xí)慣性的動作或狀態(tài)。含有always, often, usually, sometimes, seldom, never, every+時間詞等時間狀語的句子要用一般現(xiàn)在時。如果句子中的主語是第一、第二人稱或其他復(fù)數(shù)形式的名詞，動詞用原形；如果主語是第三人稱單數(shù)形式或其他表示單數(shù)概念的名詞，動詞用第三人稱單數(shù)形式。 如：We finish our homework on time at home every day. He always goes to school at about 7:00 in the morning.二、動詞第三人稱單數(shù)形式的變化規(guī)則1. 一般情況下，直接在動詞詞尾加s。如：readreads,playplays 2. 以s, x, o, sh, ch結(jié)尾的動詞，在詞尾加es。如：gogoes，washwashes 3. 以輔音字母加y結(jié)尾的動詞，把y改為i再加es。如：studystudies，flyflies 4. 特殊形式：havehas，beis三、一般現(xiàn)在時的句型結(jié)構(gòu)1. 含有be 動詞的句子 (1)肯定句： 主語+be 動詞+其他. 如：Im 14 years old this year. (2)否定句：主語+be動詞+not+其他. 如：I am not in Grade 4 this year. (3)一般疑問句：Be+主語+其他？ 如： Are you from America? 2. 含有第三人稱單數(shù)形式實義動詞的句子 (1)肯定句： 主語+實義動詞的三單形式+其他. 如：Mike plays computer games every Saturday afternoon. (2)否定句：主語+does not(doesnt)+實義動詞（原形）+其他. 如：Mike doesnt play computer games every Saturday afternoon. (3)一般疑問句：Does+主語+實義動詞（原形）+其他？ 如：Does Mike play computer games every Saturday afternoon? 3. 含有原形實義動詞的句子 (1)肯定句：主語+ 實義動詞（原形）+其他. 如：We study in No.1 Primary School. (2)否定句：主語+do not(dont)+實義動詞（原形）+其他. 如：We do not (dont)study in No.1 Primary School. (3)一般疑問句：Do+主語+實義動詞（原形）+其他？ 如： Do you study in No.1 Primary School? 考點精析考點精析考點考點1 考查一般現(xiàn)在時的動詞形式考查一般現(xiàn)在時的動詞形式【例1】用所給動詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。1. He _ (get) up at 7 oclock every day. 2. What time _ he _ his homework?(do) 3. The sun _(go) down to the west.解析:本題考查正確填寫動詞的形式。在做這類題的時候，要先判斷句子的時態(tài)。第1、2小題分別體現(xiàn)經(jīng)常性和習(xí)慣性，應(yīng)該用一般現(xiàn)在時，而he是第三人稱，故動詞要用三單形式，助動詞用does; 第3小題太陽西下是自然規(guī)律，用一般現(xiàn)在時。 答案：1. gets 2. does； do 3. goes舉一反三1. 寫出下列動詞的第三人稱單數(shù)形式。 (1) become _ (2) shine _ (3) fly _ (4) teach _ (5) study _ (6) have _ 2. 用所給單詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。 (1) He often _(have) dinner at home. (2) The boy always _(teach) his sister maths after dinner. (3) We _(not watch) TV on Mondays. (4) Mike and his father sometimes _(read) newspapers together. (5) Jack _(not ride) a bike to school on Fridays. becomesshinesfliesteachesstudieshashasteachesdont watchreaddoesnt ride考點考點2 考查有關(guān)一般現(xiàn)在時句子的句型轉(zhuǎn)換考查有關(guān)一般現(xiàn)在時句子的句型轉(zhuǎn)換【例2】按要求改寫下列句子。1. Lucy and Lily usually go home together. (改為否定句)_2. Mike often reads English in the morning. (改為一般疑問句) _3We go swimming in summer. (就畫線部分提問)_ 解析:本題三個句子都是一般現(xiàn)在時，在變否定句或一般疑問句的時候，我們要考慮借助助動詞do或does。第1 小題主語Lucy and Lily 是復(fù)數(shù)名詞，否定句加 dont, 要注意的是usually在否定句中要置于助動詞之后，實義動詞之前，或者也可以用否定詞never 來整句改寫；第2小題Mike是第三人稱的主語，要用Does開頭，其后的動詞要用原形；第3小題中的go swimming是動詞詞組，也就是“做什么”的問題，用“What do”的形式提問,同時注意we 要改成 you。 答案：1. Lucy and Lily dont usually go home together. / Lucy and Lily never go home together. 2Does Mike often read English in the morning? 3. What do you do in summer? 舉一反三 按要求改寫下列句子。 1. Do you like playing basketball? (作肯定回答) _ 2. My brother has many books. (改為否定句) _ 3. He lives in the village near the mountain. (改為一般疑問句) _ 4. Nancy comes from the USA. (就畫線部分提問) _Yes， I do.Where does Nancy come from？Does he live in the village near the mountain？My brother doesnt have many books.過關(guān)檢測過關(guān)檢測一、寫出下列動詞的第三人稱單數(shù)形式。1. sit _ 2. swim _ 3. go _4. make _ 5. run _ 6. write _7. cry _ 8. study _ 9. watch _10. wash _ 11. say _ 12. play _sitsswimsgoesmakesrunswritescriesstudieswatcheswashessaysplays二、單項填空。( )1. He _ to school from Monday to Friday. A. go B. goes C. going( )2. The earth _ around the sun. A. moving B.moves C. moved( )3. Miss Li _ music. A. teaches our B. teaches us C. teach our( )4. _ Linda _ back at seven every day? A. Is；coming B. Does；comes C. Does；comeBBBC( )5. Lily doesnt _ a music lesson in the afternoon. A. have B. has C. having( )6. Both Tony and Peter _ in Class One. A. is B. do C. are ( )7. What _ your mother often _ on Sundays? A. is; doing B. does; do C. do; does ( )8. I _ apples and she _ pears. A. like; like B. like; likes C. likes; likesACBB三、用所給單詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。 1. My father _(be) at home today. 2. Jane and Joe _(be) students. They _(be) in the park now. 3. _(be) you a bus driver? 4. We often _(play) on the playground. 5. He _(get) up at six oclock every day. 6. _(do) you _(brush) your teeth every morning? isareareAreplaygetsDobrush 7. What _ he usually _ after school? (do) 8. Danny _(study) English, Chinese, maths, science and art at school. 9. Mike sometimes _(go) to the park with his sister. doesdostudiesgoes 10. _ (do) Mike _(read) English every day? 11. How many lessons _ (do) your classmates _ (have)on Monday? 12. What time _ his mother _ the housework?(do)Doesreaddohavedoesdo四、按要求改寫下列句子。 1. Do you often play football after school? (作肯定回答) _ 2. I have some books. (改為否定句) _ 3. Alices sister likes playing table tennis. (改為否定句) _Yes, I / we do.I dont have any books.Alices sister doesnt like playing table tennis. 4. I watch TV every day. (改為一般疑問句) _ 5. My uncle lives in Shanghai now. (改為一般疑問句) _ 6. Tom does his homework at home. (改為否定句) _ 7. I usually play football on Friday afternoons. (就畫線部分提問) _Do you watch TV every day?Does your uncle live in Shanghai now?Tom doesnt do his homework at home.What do you (usually) do on Friday afternoons?五、根據(jù)答句寫出問句。 1._ I can wash the clothes. 2._ I often clean the room at home. 3._ Yes, she often goes shopping on the weekend. 4._ _ My brother likes drawing pictures. 5._ No,he is a doctor.What can you do?What do you often do at home?Does she often go shopping on the weekend?Whats your brothers hobby? / What does your brother like doing?Is he a driver / teacher / farmer?