技巧點撥技巧點撥應用文是指日常生活和工作中為某種應用文是指日常生活和工作中為某種具體的實用目的而寫的文體，主要有具體的實用目的而寫的文體，主要有書信、通知、海報、請柬、請假條、書信、通知、海報、請柬、請假條、便條、日記、啟事、祝辭、履歷表等。便條、日記、啟事、祝辭、履歷表等。寫作時要注意以下幾點：寫作時要注意以下幾點：1.正式的應用文有比較規(guī)范的格式，但高正式的應用文有比較規(guī)范的格式，但高考中的基礎寫作至今尚未考查過格式，只考中的基礎寫作至今尚未考查過格式，只要求表達正文內(nèi)容。要求表達正文內(nèi)容。2.注意時態(tài)，如日記常用過去時態(tài)，通知、注意時態(tài)，如日記常用過去時態(tài)，通知、請柬通常要用將來時態(tài)，而履歷表用現(xiàn)在請柬通常要用將來時態(tài)，而履歷表用現(xiàn)在時態(tài)。時態(tài)。3.應用文的寫作往往有一些特定的習慣語應用文的寫作往往有一些特定的習慣語句或套話，這些語句在考試中可能會考查句或套話，這些語句在考試中可能會考查到，所以要重點掌握。到，所以要重點掌握。必備詞句必備詞句1.普通信普通信(1)I was so pleased to hear from you. You want to know很高興收到你的來信，你想很高興收到你的來信，你想知道知道(2)Im writing to tell you about我寫信想我寫信想告訴你告訴你(3)Im writing to inform you that我寫信我寫信給你，是想告訴你給你，是想告訴你2.求職信求職信開頭：開頭：Im a student fromIm glad to learn that you need a/anIm quite interested in it and I think I am fit for it.我我是是的學生，很高興得知你們需要招聘的學生，很高興得知你們需要招聘一個一個我對此非常感興趣，而且我認為我對此非常感興趣，而且我認為我非常適合這個工作。我非常適合這個工作。結束：結束：If I have a chance to work in your company, I will try my best to be a good employee.如果我有機會為貴公司工作，我如果我有機會為貴公司工作，我將竭盡全力做一個優(yōu)秀員工。將竭盡全力做一個優(yōu)秀員工。 3.求助信求助信I have a question to ask you.我有個問題要我有個問題要詢問你。詢問你。4. 邀請信邀請信We are planning to holdin(地點地點) on(時間時間). Im writing to ask you to come and我們計劃某日在某處舉行我們計劃某日在某處舉行我寫信我寫信邀請你來邀請你來5.電子郵件電子郵件My email address is .6.通知通知(1)We are going to organize an English speech contest so that everyone in our school will improve their English. It is to be held at為了提高我校學生的英語水平，我們準為了提高我校學生的英語水平，我們準備組織一次英語演講比賽。將在備組織一次英語演講比賽。將在舉行。舉行。(2)The Students Union has decided to organize a music week. It will be held in學學生會決定組織一次音樂周活動。將在生會決定組織一次音樂周活動。將在舉舉行。行。(3)There will be an important lecture in Classroom 302, at 2:30 on Friday afternoon.星期五下行兩點半在星期五下行兩點半在302教室將有一個重要教室將有一個重要的演講。的演講。(4)If youd like to take part in the contest, please come and sign up for it before April 20th.如果你愿意參加這項比賽，請在如果你愿意參加這項比賽，請在4月月20日前來報名。日前來報名。(5)Everyone is welcome.歡迎參加。歡迎參加。7.發(fā)言稿發(fā)言稿It is a great honour for me to speak here to welcome our guests.非常榮幸能站在這里為非常榮幸能站在這里為歡迎我們的客人致辭。歡迎我們的客人致辭。8.便條便條/請假條請假條Im sorry to say that I cant go to school for three days until Im well.對不起，我要對不起，我要請假三天直到身體恢復才上學。請假三天直到身體恢復才上學。語篇模板語篇模板因應用文種類較多因應用文種類較多，又鑒于名師指，又鑒于名師指津一輪總復習已有各種類型的模板，津一輪總復習已有各種類型的模板，此處只選以下幾個典型范文模板：此處只選以下幾個典型范文模板： (1)書面通知書面通知Notice 時間地點時間地點A meeting is going to be held in Room 103 of Building 3 at 7 on the evening of April 5. 內(nèi)容內(nèi)容Problems to be talked about at the meeting include the safety of the dormitories, proper use of electricity, what to do in case of fire, prevention of theft and so on. 要求要求A member of each dormitory is required to be present. They should take notebooks with them and arrive on time. They should take notes carefully and after the meeting they are to inform their roommates of what is discussed and what measures will be taken.The Dormitory CommitteeApril 2nd, 2007 (2)寫建議信寫建議信Dear Sunny, Its very good that you want to be friends with this girl. In my opinion, youd better first have a heart-to-heart talk with her, because understanding each other is very important for you two. join you and your classmates in all kinds of activities, such as birthday parties, going out for a walk, discussing some fashionable topics, and so on. helping each other is also very important for both of you. Just share happiness and sadness with her. she will understand you in time and it is certain you two will be good friends in the future. Yours,Editor(3)寫邀請信寫邀請信Dear Ms Smith, 自我介紹、表明身份自我介紹、表明身份Im Li Hua, chairman of the Students Union of Yucai Middle School, which is close to your University. 寫信目的、比賽情況寫信目的、比賽情況Im writing to invite you to be a judge at our English speech contest to be held in our school on June 1st, which will start at 2:00 pm and keep for about three hours. Ten students will deliver their speeches on the given topic “Man and the Nature”. 希望、聯(lián)系方式、期望回復希望、聯(lián)系方式、期望回復We hope you will accept our invitation if it is convenient for you. Please call me at 446765560, if you have any questions and With best wishes,Li Hua (4)招聘啟事招聘啟事An English Editor Wanted 點明職位點明職位Our school newspaper is looking for an editor for its English edition. 崗崗位職責位職責The job mainly includes two parts: One is to choose proper English articles from other newspapers, magazines or Internet for us students. The other is to pick out articles from those written by students in our school and edit them for use. 應聘條件應聘條件We hope that he/she could meet the following requirements: First, he/she is willing to devote some of his/her spare time to serving the others. Second, its necessary for him/her to be good at both English and fine arts. Besides, the ability to use the computer is important. 聯(lián)系方式聯(lián)系方式Those who are interested in the job, please get in touch with the Students Union this week.The Students Union7.招聘啟事：招英語學習顧問招聘啟事：招英語學習顧問(2010遼寧卷遼寧卷)你校學生會需招聘一名留學生做英你校學生會需招聘一名留學生做英語學習顧問，請你以短文形式寫一則招聘啟事。語學習顧問，請你以短文形式寫一則招聘啟事。寫作要點寫作要點1.母語是英語，漢語流利者優(yōu)先；母語是英語，漢語流利者優(yōu)先；2.幫助學生練習口語，解答學習中遇到的問題，幫助學生練習口語，解答學習中遇到的問題，協(xié)助組織英語活動；協(xié)助組織英語活動；3.每周每周4小時，報酬面議；小時，報酬面議；4.聯(lián)系人：李華（聯(lián)系人：李華（Tel:13011223344）專題練析專題練析寫作要求寫作要求只能使用只能使用5個句子表達全部內(nèi)容，啟事標個句子表達全部內(nèi)容，啟事標題和結尾已為你寫好，不計入總句數(shù)。題和結尾已為你寫好，不計入總句數(shù)。English Advisor Wanted_ Student Union寫作點撥寫作點撥1.這是一則招聘啟事，主體時態(tài)應用一般現(xiàn)這是一則招聘啟事，主體時態(tài)應用一般現(xiàn)在時；在時；2.要先寫主題句要先寫主題句(招聘對象、招聘人、做什招聘對象、招聘人、做什么事等么事等)，然后再寫招聘條件，這樣就過渡，然后再寫招聘條件，這樣就過渡自然；自然；3.表達時應避免單一性，如表達招聘條件時表達時應避免單一性，如表達招聘條件時很多考生可能只會使用很多考生可能只會使用should, 其實其實“應該應該”的表達有很多如：的表達有很多如：be required to do, had better, be expected to do等，交替使用這些等，交替使用這些詞語可以避免表達的單調(diào)。詞語可以避免表達的單調(diào)。English Advisor Wanted The Student Union of our school decides to invite an international student to work as an English-study advisor next term. The applicant should be a native speaker of English, fluent Chinese preferred. The main responsibilities of the advisor involve helping students to practice their oral English, answering their questions, and helping organize activities such as singing English songs, English evenings, or lectures on interesting topics. The advisor is expected to work 4 hours per week. If you are interested, please call Li Hua at 13011223344 for an interview. Payment will be discussed during the interview.The Students Union8.發(fā)言稿：介紹俱樂部開展的一項活動發(fā)言稿：介紹俱樂部開展的一項活動(2010湖南卷湖南卷) 假設你和幾位同學成立了一個英假設你和幾位同學成立了一個英語俱樂部，開展了為期兩個月的活動?，F(xiàn)在，語俱樂部，開展了為期兩個月的活動。現(xiàn)在，你將代表俱樂部在課堂上進行經(jīng)驗交流，請寫你將代表俱樂部在課堂上進行經(jīng)驗交流，請寫一篇英語發(fā)言稿。一篇英語發(fā)言稿。寫作要點寫作要點1.簡要描述俱樂部開展的一項與英語有關的主簡要描述俱樂部開展的一項與英語有關的主要活動：要活動：2.談談你們開展該活動的收獲。談談你們開展該活動的收獲。寫作要求寫作要求只能使用只能使用5個句子表達全部內(nèi)容，發(fā)言稿個句子表達全部內(nèi)容，發(fā)言稿的開頭和結尾已為你寫好，不計入總句數(shù)。的開頭和結尾已為你寫好，不計入總句數(shù)。Boys and girls, Its a great honor for me to tell you something about our English club which lasts two months. Thats all. Thank you.寫作點撥寫作點撥1.寫發(fā)言稿，應當用一般現(xiàn)在時、現(xiàn)在完寫發(fā)言稿，應當用一般現(xiàn)在時、現(xiàn)在完成時、一般過去時等，描述俱樂部開展的成時、一般過去時等，描述俱樂部開展的一項活動要用一般過去時；一項活動要用一般過去時；2.描述俱樂部開展的一項與英語有關的主描述俱樂部開展的一項與英語有關的主要活動時發(fā)揮的空間比較大，如可以描述要活動時發(fā)揮的空間比較大，如可以描述自己熟悉的英語戲劇表演、英語角、英語自己熟悉的英語戲劇表演、英語角、英語夏令營等活動；夏令營等活動；3.寫作中可能要用到寫作中可能要用到“舉例舉例”的表達：的表達：for example, for instance, take sth as an example等，還有等，還有“對對有好處有好處/有益處有益處/有利有利”：(1)be beneficial to sb / sth (2) be of (great) benefit to sb / sth (3) benefit sb/ sth (greatly/ a lot) (4)do sb good / do good to sb (5) benefit from等。等。Boys and girls, Its a great honor for me to tell you something about our English club which lasts two months. We organize all kinds of activities in our English club, in which we not only practice but also learn more English. For example, recently, in one of our activities about introducing different countries in Shanghai Expo, we divided ourselves into different groups which represented different countries, such as China, Japan, America, the UK and so on. Each group introduced “his countrys” culture, advanced technology, environmental protection, green energy. Through this activity, we had a good harvest of English and improved our oral English greatly. All in all, I think studying English through activities, especially in connection with recent things, is a better method. Thats all. Thank you.9.通知：去梧桐山冬游通知：去梧桐山冬游假如你是班長假如你是班長,請根據(jù)下面表格用英語寫一篇關請根據(jù)下面表格用英語寫一篇關于去梧桐山冬游的通知。于去梧桐山冬游的通知。集合時間集合時間及地點及地點(1)集合時間及地點：集合時間及地點：12月月15號上午號上午7：30，校門口。，校門口。(2)出發(fā)時間：出發(fā)時間：7:40，步行。，步行?；顒觾?nèi)容活動內(nèi)容登山；參觀植物園。登山；參觀植物園。注意事項注意事項參觀時注意觀察，做一些必要的筆參觀時注意觀察，做一些必要的筆記，回家后寫一篇日記描述你最感記，回家后寫一篇日記描述你最感興趣的植物。興趣的植物。特別提醒特別提醒自備午餐、飲料、零錢。自備午餐、飲料、零錢。 寫作內(nèi)容寫作內(nèi)容1.集合時間、地點、出發(fā)時間、方式；集合時間、地點、出發(fā)時間、方式；2.活動內(nèi)活動內(nèi)容容; 3.注意事項；注意事項；4.特別提醒。特別提醒。寫作要求寫作要求只能使用只能使用5個句子表達全部內(nèi)容。個句子表達全部內(nèi)容。評分標準評分標準句子結構準確，信息內(nèi)容完整，篇章結構連貫。句子結構準確，信息內(nèi)容完整，篇章結構連貫。寫作提示寫作提示本篇寫作要用到的預期語言手段有：本篇寫作要用到的預期語言手段有：主題呈現(xiàn)、原因的表達、提示的表達等。主題呈現(xiàn)、原因的表達、提示的表達等。寫作范文寫作范文Notice Well take a winter trip to the Wutong Hill on December 15. Be sure to gather at the school gate at 7:30 and then well walk there at 7:40. After climbing the hill well visit the botanical garden. Make sure you observe what you see carefully as each of us is required to write an article about a plant that we are most interested in. As we wont return for lunch, Id like to remind you to bring food, drinks and some pocket money.10.回復郵件：介紹寄宿家庭的情況回復郵件：介紹寄宿家庭的情況假如你是假如你是2010年度美國學生來華夏令營的一年度美國學生來華夏令營的一名中方工作人員李剛，收到了美國營員名中方工作人員李剛，收到了美國營員Peter的電子郵件，他在動身來中國之前，的電子郵件，他在動身來中國之前，想了解一下中方給他安排的寄宿家庭的有關想了解一下中方給他安排的寄宿家庭的有關情況。情況。寫作內(nèi)容寫作內(nèi)容 請你根據(jù)下列信息回復郵件。請你根據(jù)下列信息回復郵件。1.住房寬敞，交通方便，有私家車；住房寬敞，交通方便，有私家車；2.該家庭所有成員能講流利英語，性格開該家庭所有成員能講流利英語，性格開朗，易于交流；朗，易于交流；3.2009年接待過兩個美國學生，經(jīng)驗豐富，年接待過兩個美國學生，經(jīng)驗豐富，女主人廚藝非凡。女主人廚藝非凡。寫作要求寫作要求只能使用只能使用5個句子表達全部內(nèi)容；郵件的開頭和結個句子表達全部內(nèi)容；郵件的開頭和結尾已經(jīng)給出，不計入句子總數(shù)。尾已經(jīng)給出，不計入句子總數(shù)。Dear Peter, Im very to receive your e-mail asking about something about the host family we have arranged for you to stay. Now they are fully prepared to host you and make friends with you. And I hope you will have a pleasant time in China. See you soon. Yours, Li GangDear Peter, Im very glad to receive your e-mail asking about something about the host family we have arranged for you to stay. Located in a beautiful and quiet neighborhood, a large fully equipped apartment meets all your needs. Apart from the convenient public transportation, the familys own car can also take you to some nearby places of interest. Because all the members of the family can speak fluent English and have outgoing personalities, Im sure you will have no difficulty communicating with them. Above all, they hosted two American students last year, through which theyve gained lots of experience. In addition, the hostess expert cooking can guarantee you a wonderful chance of tasting delicious Chinese food. Now they are fully prepared to host you and make friends with you. And I hope you will have a pleasant time in China. See you soon. Yours, Li11.倡議書：高三學生捐贈復習資料倡議書：高三學生捐贈復習資料假如你是李華，高三學生兼學生會主席。你假如你是李華，高三學生兼學生會主席。你打算在畢業(yè)之際代表學生會起草一份倡議書，打算在畢業(yè)之際代表學生會起草一份倡議書，號召全體高三畢業(yè)生在高考結束后捐出自己的號召全體高三畢業(yè)生在高考結束后捐出自己的復習參考資料，如書、筆記本、小詞典等，送復習參考資料，如書、筆記本、小詞典等，送給有需要的學弟學妹。這不僅可以循環(huán)利用現(xiàn)給有需要的學弟學妹。這不僅可以循環(huán)利用現(xiàn)有資源，對環(huán)境的保護都有十分重要的意義。有資源，對環(huán)境的保護都有十分重要的意義。捐贈時間：捐贈時間：6月月107月月12日日捐贈地點：捐贈地點：學校學生會學校學生會寫作內(nèi)容寫作內(nèi)容根據(jù)以上情況起草一份倡議書，內(nèi)容需包括如根據(jù)以上情況起草一份倡議書，內(nèi)容需包括如下主要信息，可適當發(fā)揮：下主要信息，可適當發(fā)揮：1.倡議書的對象及目的；倡議書的對象及目的；2.寫倡議書的原因；寫倡議書的原因；3.捐贈的意義；捐贈的意義；4.捐贈的時間和地點。捐贈的時間和地點。參考詞匯：參考詞匯：高考高考college entrance examination參考資料參考資料reference materials寫作要求寫作要求只能使用只能使用5個句子表達全部內(nèi)容。開頭已為你寫好，不個句子表達全部內(nèi)容。開頭已為你寫好，不計算在計算在5個句子內(nèi)。個句子內(nèi)。評分標準評分標準句子結構準確，信息內(nèi)容完整，篇章結構連貫。句子結構準確，信息內(nèi)容完整，篇章結構連貫。1st June, 2011Dear all, On behalf of the Students Union, I am writing to Thank you!Yours sincerely,Li HuaUniversity Students Union寫作指導寫作指導1.體裁：體裁：_人稱：人稱：_時態(tài)：時態(tài)：_2.可能用到的詞匯和句型：可能用到的詞匯和句型：詞匯：號召詞匯：號召_捐出捐出_畢業(yè)生畢業(yè)生_有利于有利于_ 循環(huán)循環(huán)_句型：為何不做某事？句型：為何不做某事？_why not do sth?應用文應用文第一人稱，第二人稱第一人稱，第二人稱現(xiàn)在時和將來時現(xiàn)在時和將來時call ondonatehigh school graduatedo good torecycle 3.首先，閱讀寫作要求，圈出要求中的寫首先，閱讀寫作要求，圈出要求中的寫作對象，寫作內(nèi)容和目的，并盡量整合成五組要作對象，寫作內(nèi)容和目的，并盡量整合成五組要點；接著，每組意思用中文且用一句話來表達；點；接著，每組意思用中文且用一句話來表達；然后，翻譯句子并連成連貫的短文。如：然后，翻譯句子并連成連貫的短文。如：目的對象：目的對象：是為了號召全體高中畢業(yè)生在高考是為了號召全體高中畢業(yè)生在高考后捐出自己的復習資料，如書、筆記本、小詞典后捐出自己的復習資料，如書、筆記本、小詞典等。等。I am writing to call on all senior three students to donate your reference materials like the old reference books, notebooks, pocket dictionaries and so on, after the college entrance examination. 原因：原因：據(jù)我所了解，許多畢業(yè)生會把自己據(jù)我所了解，許多畢業(yè)生會把自己的復習資料賣掉，甚至扔掉；這是一種浪的復習資料賣掉，甚至扔掉；這是一種浪費。與其浪費，為什么不把資料留給高二費。與其浪費，為什么不把資料留給高二的學生呢？的學生呢？ So far as I know, it is quite common that many high school graduates of previous years would sell or even throw away their reference materials, which is really a waste. Why not leave them to the junior schoolmates instead of wasting them?So why not leave them to the junior schoolmates instead of wasting them?損贈的意義：損贈的意義：你的捐獻不但有助于循環(huán)再用舊你的捐獻不但有助于循環(huán)再用舊書籍，而且有利于環(huán)境保護。書籍，而且有利于環(huán)境保護。時間和地點：時間和地點：請所有愿意捐獻的同學在請所有愿意捐獻的同學在6月月10日日至至7月月12日期間把復習資料交到學生會處。日期間把復習資料交到學生會處。Please anyone who would like to join us carries your books to the Students Union office during the period of time from June 10th to July 12th.15 May, 2010Dear all, On behalf of the Students Union, I am writing to call on all senior three students to donate your reference materials such as the old reference books, notebooks, pocket dictionaries and so on, after the college entrance examination. So far as I know, it is quite common that many high school graduates of previous years would sell or even throw away their reference materials, which is really a waste. In my opinion, 參考范文參考范文the used books might be useless for high school graduates but valuable for undergraduates, so why not leave them to junior schoolmates? If so, your donation will not only contribute to recycling the reference materials but also do good to environmental protection. Please anyone who would like to join us take your books to the Students Union office from June 10th to July 12th. Thank you!Yours sincerely,Li HuaUniversity Students Union