What has happened to them?What can you do to help?aidtemporaryinjury bleed ankle choke n. & vt. 幫助幫助; 援助援助adj. 暫時的暫時的; 臨時的臨時的n. 損害損害; 傷害傷害vi. & vt. 流血流血n. 踝踝 (關(guān)節(jié)關(guān)節(jié))vi. & vt. (使使) 噎住噎住; (使使) 窒息窒息Words previewa snake bite The person bitten must get a doctor or go to hospital at once. Speed is very important. It will help the doctor greatly if you can tell him what kind of snake it was, or describe the situation. bleeding Try to stop the bleeding. Press a handkerchief onto the bleeding point and hold it there. Hold up the part of body which is bleeding if possible.a sprained ankleTied with medical bandage. It is better to avoid walking with the injured ankle. It is correct to use ice bag for removing pain and bleeding, and also not influence our own body healing. chokingMake him / her spit by patting him / her on the back.To avoid choking, we shouldnt talk or laugh when eating.a broken armDo not move the patient. Support the broken arm in the most comfortable position. Get medical help immediately.a bloody noseStay calm. Breathe through the mouth, not the nose. Sit up and bend the head slightly forward. Pinch (捏捏) both nostrils (鼻孔鼻孔) shut using a thumb and forefinger. Spit out any blood that collects in the mouth.Nowadays there are a lot of accidents in our daily life. What would you do in such situations? What knowledge should we have?What is first aid?the fist kind of help given to someone who suddenly falls ill or gets injured before a doctor can be found.the initial care of a suddenly sick or injured person.the care administered by a person as soon as possible after an accident or illness.What words can you think of when you talk about accidents and first aid?AccidentFirst aiddrownbleedchokeburn/catch firecuta bloody nosea snake bitea sprained anklea broken armWhat would you do in the following situations?What could we do to prevent these accidents?1. The best way to treat a hurt ankle is to:A. Put an ice pack on your ankle.B. Put a heating pad(墊子墊子)around your ankle.C. Keep on walking and jumping.treat a hurt ankle2. If you get a nosebleed, gently let your head back to stop the bleeding. A. True B. False(It may lead the blood into the throat and easily cause choking.)3. To treat a burn, you: A. Rub(擦擦)some butter on it. B. Hold the burnt part under cold running water. C. Put salt on the burnt part. 4. You should wait at least five minutes before touching somebody who has been struck by lightning, or you might get a shock (打擊打擊). A. True B. False5. Your friend has an asthma(哮喘哮喘) attack, but she doesnt have her medicine. Youd better: A. Get a paper bag for her to breathe into. B. Get her a cup of coffee. C. Take her outside for fresh air.Caffeine (咖啡因咖啡因) can help to dilate(擴(kuò)大擴(kuò)大) the windpipe. (氣管氣管) 6. To treat a choke, you should make him / her spit by patting him / her on the back. A. True B. False7. If someone is having a heart attack, you should first: A. Call 120 B. Perform CPR (心肺復(fù)蘇心肺復(fù)蘇)Assessment of resultsAll correct: Congratulations! You have a good knowledge of first aid. You may become a first aid expert in the near future. 46: You have some knowledge of first aid, but you should work harder and learn more about it.03: It seems that you are not interested in first aid. If an emergency happens to the people around you, you will have some trouble in helping them. Why is first aid important?The prompt care sometimes draws the line between life and death.The prompt attention draws the line between a full or partial recovery.main aims of first aidTo preserve lifeTo protect the casualty from further harmTo relieve pain What kind of first aid would you perform in this situation? Pre-readingPre-readingWhat has happened?Place burns under gently running water for about 10 minutes.Take clothing off the burned area unless it is stuck to the burn.Take off other clothing and jewellery near burns.Dip the burns under cool water to stop the pain and prevent or reduce swelling.Place cool, clean, wet cloths on burns until the pain is not so bad.If the injuries are second degree or third degree burns, get the victim to the doctor or hospital at once.Cool the area of skin; wash it under the cold running water.Cover the wound with bandage/clean cloth. See a doctor if necessary.Lets readand check your ideas.Pre-reading1. What will the passage be about?2. What do they tell you about the passage? First aid for burns. Causes, types, characteristics and first aid treatment for burns.skinorgan barrierpoison ray complexvarietyliquid n. 皮皮; 皮膚皮膚n. 器官器官n. 屏障屏障; 障礙物障礙物 n. 毒藥毒藥; 毒害毒害vt.毒害毒害; 使中毒使中毒n. 光線光線; 射線射線adj. 復(fù)雜的復(fù)雜的n. 變化變化; 多樣化多樣化n. 液體液體Words previewradiation mildmildly pan stove tissue swelln. 輻射輻射; 射線射線adj. 輕微的輕微的; 溫和的溫和的adv.輕微地輕微地; 溫和地溫和地n. 平底鍋平底鍋; 盤子盤子 n. 爐子爐子; 火爐火爐n. 組織組織; 手巾紙手巾紙vt. & vi. 膨脹膨脹; 隆起隆起scissors unbearable basin bandage vitaln. 剪刀剪刀adj. 難以忍受的難以忍受的n. 盆盆; 盆地盆地n. 繃帶繃帶adj. 至關(guān)重要的；至關(guān)重要的； 生死攸關(guān)的生死攸關(guān)的electric shocksqueeze out over and over again觸電觸電; 電休克電休克榨出榨出; 擠出擠出反復(fù)反復(fù); 多次多次Expressions previewFAST READINGIn which order are these topics covered in the text? Number them from 1 to 5._ the three types of burns_ what to do if someone gets burned_ the purpose of skin_ the symptoms of burns_ how we get burns35142Find out how many parts there are and the main idea of each part:Part1.Part2.Part3.Part4part5The purpose / function of skin Causes of burns Types of burns: First degree burns, Second degree burns, Third degree burns Characteristics of burns First aid treatmenthot liquids, steam, fire, radiation, the sun, electricity, chemicals 1. Our skin has three layers.2. We will never get burned by the sun.3. Burns are divided into three degrees according to the degree of pain.4. Third degree burns are the most serious and painful.Tell if the following statements are true or false:5. Put cool water on any burns to cool them. 6. Dont rub the burns7. Its better that you put some butter or oil on burns.1. Get more about first aid from the newspaper, magazine or the Internet.2. Review the text carefully and finish the comprehending on page 35.3. Find out the important and difficult words and expressions to you and finish exercises on page 36.