Language pointsNo sweet without sweat. 先苦后甜先苦后甜一、單詞拼寫一、單詞拼寫 根據(jù)提示寫出下列英語(yǔ)單詞或漢語(yǔ)意思。根據(jù)提示寫出下列英語(yǔ)單詞或漢語(yǔ)意思。1. _ v. 獻(xiàn)身；專心于獻(xiàn)身；專心于(+to)2. _ v. 請(qǐng)求；乞求請(qǐng)求；乞求3. _ v. 教育；訓(xùn)練教育；訓(xùn)練4. _ n. beliefs or views5. _ adj. 相等的；平等的相等的；平等的6. _ vi.& n. 逃脫；逃走；泄露逃脫；逃走；泄露7. _ v. 投票；選舉投票；選舉 n. 投票；表決投票；表決8. _ v & n. 進(jìn)攻，攻擊；抨擊進(jìn)攻，攻擊；抨擊 devote beg educateopinionequal escapevoteattack9. _ n.質(zhì)量；品質(zhì)；性質(zhì)質(zhì)量；品質(zhì)；性質(zhì)10. _ n.報(bào)酬；獎(jiǎng)金報(bào)酬；獎(jiǎng)金 vt.酬勞；獎(jiǎng)賞酬勞；獎(jiǎng)賞11. generous adj. _12. sentence n. _vt. _ quality reward 慷慨的；大方的慷慨的；大方的句子句子 判決；宣判判決；宣判二、詞組互譯二、詞組互譯 將下列詞組或短語(yǔ)譯成中文或英語(yǔ)。將下列詞組或短語(yǔ)譯成中文或英語(yǔ)。1. _ 1. _ 在在積極積極2. _ 2. _ 獻(xiàn)身于，專心于，致力獻(xiàn)身于，專心于，致力于于3. _ 3. _ 事實(shí)上事實(shí)上4. _ 4. _ 求助于，查求助于，查( (字典字典) )5. _ 5. _ 灰心灰心6. _ 6. _ 把把關(guān)進(jìn)監(jiān)獄關(guān)進(jìn)監(jiān)獄 be active in devote to (doing) sthas a matter of factturn tolose heartputin prison7. beaway _8. reach a stage_9. blow up _10. be willing to do sth_11. answer violence with violence_12. be in trouble_有有遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)處于處于的階段的階段使充氣；爆炸使充氣；爆炸樂意做某事樂意做某事用暴力反抗暴力用暴力反抗暴力在危險(xiǎn)，痛苦等處境中在危險(xiǎn)，痛苦等處境中12. fight against/for/withThe soldiers fought bravely _ the enemy _ the liberation _ their comrades. againstforwith1.advice n. “建議建議” （不可數(shù)）（不可數(shù)） a piece of advice 一條建議一條建議 give sb. advice on關(guān)于關(guān)于給某人建議給某人建議 advise v. “建議建議” 1)advise sb. on sth. 就就給某人出主意給某人出主意/提出勸告提出勸告 老師建議我如何學(xué)好英語(yǔ)老師建議我如何學(xué)好英語(yǔ) The teacher advised me on how to learn English well.2) advise sb. to do sth. 建議某人干建議某人干 我們的班長(zhǎng)建議我多練習(xí)英語(yǔ)口語(yǔ)。我們的班長(zhǎng)建議我多練習(xí)英語(yǔ)口語(yǔ)。 Our monitor advises me to practice spoken English more.3) advise that +從句從句 謂：謂：(should) do 我建議你不要吃那水果。我建議你不要吃那水果。 I advise that you (should) not eat the fruit. 2. beaway有有遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)(指距離、時(shí)間指距離、時(shí)間)1) 我家離這里只有兩條街。我家離這里只有兩條街。 My house is only 2 blocks away from here.2) 他的生日在兩周以后。他的生日在兩周以后。 His birthday is two weeks away. in two weeks.3. be out of work/job= lose ones job = be unemployed失業(yè)失業(yè), 沒有工作沒有工作他母親失業(yè)已有半年了他母親失業(yè)已有半年了His mother has been out of work for half a year. out of breathout of orderout of controlout of sightout of fashion out of date Out of sight, out of mind.上氣不接下氣上氣不接下氣出故障了出故障了失控了失控了看不見了看不見了不時(shí)興不時(shí)興過時(shí)過時(shí)眼不見眼不見, 心不煩。心不煩。4.as as+主語(yǔ)主語(yǔ)+can/could 盡可能盡可能, 盡量盡量= as as + possibleHe was running as fast as he could. =He was running as fast as possible. You must speak Englishas often as you can. =You must speak English _. as often as possible5. “The last thirty years have seen the greatest number of laws stopping our rights and progress, until today we have reached a stage where we have almost no rights at all.”某些動(dòng)詞某些動(dòng)詞(see, find, witness等等) 主語(yǔ)有時(shí)不主語(yǔ)有時(shí)不是人而是物是人而是物, 即即擬人用法擬人用法, 使句子生動(dòng)，表使句子生動(dòng)，表示示“經(jīng)歷，發(fā)生，見證經(jīng)歷，發(fā)生，見證”。1) This old house has seen good days.2) Dusk found a boy crying in the street.3) Oct 1,1949, saw/ witnessed the foundation of the Peoples Republic of China.7.VOTE(1)n投票投票, 選票選票 I gave my vote to Mr. Wang. 我投王先生的票。我投王先生的票。 The matter will be decided by vote. 此事將投票決定此事將投票決定.(2)v投票投票; 選舉選舉 vote for sb/sth 投票支持投票支持 vote against sb./sth 投票反對(duì)投票反對(duì) vote on sb./sth 針對(duì)針對(duì)進(jìn)行投票表決進(jìn)行投票表決As we cant agree on this matter, lets vote on it. 由于我們對(duì)此事沒能達(dá)成一致由于我們對(duì)此事沒能達(dá)成一致, ,讓我們投票表決吧讓我們投票表決吧. .8. either. or.(兩者之中兩者之中)或或 (之一之一) You may stay either in a hotel or in a private house. I want to visit either Paris or London. Either you or I am wrong. Either day is OK.neithernor既不既不也不也不bothand 兩者都兩者都9.attack vt.1). 進(jìn)攻進(jìn)攻,襲擊襲擊The enemy attacked our airport all night.敵人徹夜都在攻擊我們的機(jī)場(chǎng)。敵人徹夜都在攻擊我們的機(jī)場(chǎng)。2). (努力地努力地)著手做某事著手做某事He tried to attack the problem from different angles.他試著從各個(gè)角度來著手解決這個(gè)問他試著從各個(gè)角度來著手解決這個(gè)問題題.搭配lattack sb. with sth. 因攻擊lattack sb. for(doing) sth. 因打擊/責(zé)難某人lunder attack遭到攻擊lair attack空襲10.only then did we decide to answer violence with violence. 只是在那時(shí)我們才決定以暴力對(duì)暴力。只是在那時(shí)我們才決定以暴力對(duì)暴力。 only then 此處引起倒裝句此處引起倒裝句, 當(dāng)當(dāng)only修飾修飾狀語(yǔ)狀語(yǔ) 位于位于句首句首時(shí)時(shí), 句子采用部分倒裝的結(jié)構(gòu)。句子采用部分倒裝的結(jié)構(gòu)。 Only by practicing a few hours every day will you be able to master English. You can leave only when he comes. = _ _ he comes _ you leave. Only when can1.only + 介詞短語(yǔ)介詞短語(yǔ)(in this way/under ones help)+ 助動(dòng)詞助動(dòng)詞/情態(tài)動(dòng)詞情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+主語(yǔ)主語(yǔ)2.only + 連詞連詞(when/before/while/once/after)引導(dǎo)引導(dǎo)的狀語(yǔ)從句的狀語(yǔ)從句+助動(dòng)詞助動(dòng)詞/情態(tài)動(dòng)詞情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+主語(yǔ)主語(yǔ)3.only + 副詞副詞(then/now/here/there)+ 助動(dòng)詞助動(dòng)詞/情態(tài)動(dòng)詞情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+主語(yǔ)主語(yǔ)注意注意: 如果如果only所強(qiáng)調(diào)的為狀語(yǔ)從句所強(qiáng)調(diào)的為狀語(yǔ)從句, 該狀語(yǔ)從句不倒裝該狀語(yǔ)從句不倒裝, 只對(duì)主句進(jìn)行倒裝。只對(duì)主句進(jìn)行倒裝。e.g. Only then did I realize the important of English.Only when a child grows up does he understand his parents intentions.Only when the war was over in 1918 was he able to get happily back to work.仿寫：用括號(hào)中所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。仿寫：用括號(hào)中所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。(1)Only in this way_ you _from your mistakes. (learn)(2)Only when you reminded me did I remember that I _my homework. (not do)(3)Only at that moment_ I_ the effective way to learn English well. (know)did knowcan learnhadnt done只有在那時(shí)候只有在那時(shí)候, 我才知道自己錯(cuò)了。我才知道自己錯(cuò)了。Only then did I realize that I was wrong只有用這種辦法你才能解決這個(gè)問題。只有用這種辦法你才能解決這個(gè)問題。Only in this way can you solve the problem.只有當(dāng)他回來時(shí)我們才能知道秘密。只有當(dāng)他回來時(shí)我們才能知道秘密。Only when he comes back can we know the secret注意注意1: 主句倒裝從句不倒裝。主句倒裝從句不倒裝。注意注意2: Only主語(yǔ)在句首時(shí)主語(yǔ)在句首時(shí), 不用倒裝不用倒裝 Only he knows the answer.11. put sb. in (into) prison把把關(guān)進(jìn)監(jiān)獄關(guān)進(jìn)監(jiān)獄be thrown into prison (被投入監(jiān)獄被投入監(jiān)獄)be in prison (在監(jiān)獄里在監(jiān)獄里)prison表示蹲監(jiān)獄時(shí)表示蹲監(jiān)獄時(shí), 其前不用冠詞其前不用冠詞throw sb. into prison= send /take sb. to prison12.equal adj. 相等的相等的; 平等的平等的 equally adv. Everyone is equal under the law.法律面前人人平等法律面前人人平等.be equal to 等于等于, 相當(dāng)于相當(dāng)于; 能勝任能勝任One li is equal to half a kilometer.一華里等于半公里。一華里等于半公里。13. in trouble 有麻煩有麻煩, 處于不幸中處于不幸中 He is willing to help me whenever I am in trouble.have trouble/problem/difficulty (in) doing sth. 做某事有困難做某事有困難 She _ the reciting work on time. 按時(shí)完成背誦作業(yè)對(duì)她來說有困難。按時(shí)完成背誦作業(yè)對(duì)她來說有困難。has trouble in finishing