完形填空突破(九)行文邏輯推理題完形填空中有些答案的四個選項從詞匯搭配、語法和句子結構等角度考慮均行得通,但由于文章是一個完整的統(tǒng)一體,詞、句、段三者存在著內(nèi)在邏輯關系,因此考生還要從上下文中尋找有關的提示或暗示,對文章的情節(jié)進行邏輯推理,抓住含有關鍵信息的詞語,理順句子之間的關系,確定正確的答案。1運用詞匯復現(xiàn),輕松選擇判斷復現(xiàn)有原詞復現(xiàn)、同義詞復現(xiàn)、反義詞復現(xiàn)、同根詞復現(xiàn)、概括詞復現(xiàn)等。完形填空題中,考生可以利用上下文的復現(xiàn)信息,確定正確的表達方式。(1)原詞復現(xiàn)為了表達的需求,有時在上下文中同一概念會重復出現(xiàn)?？忌梢越柚谏舷挛闹械倪@一信息選擇答案。(2)同義詞、近義詞、反義詞復現(xiàn)同義詞、近義詞和反義詞復現(xiàn)是借助意思相同、相近或相反的表達方式,或解釋性的語言使上下文語意得以連貫起來。做完形填空時,考生應注意分析上下文中出現(xiàn)的解釋性語言。(3)同源詞復現(xiàn)另外,考生還可借助復現(xiàn)的同源詞來確定答案。典例The next morning the stranger,actually a sorcerer (巫師),thanked her by granting (允準) her 26 that anyone who climbed up her tree 27 not be able to come back down until she 28 it.When the children came back to steal her 29 ,she had them stuck on the tree.They had to beg her long 30 she gave the tree permission to let 31 go.Aunty Misery was free from the 32 at last.(2008·陜西)28A.permittedBpromisedCanswered Ddeclared答案A解析本題屬于同源詞復現(xiàn)類試題,根據(jù)上下文,下一段中出現(xiàn)了permission,即permit的名詞形式,結合語境,應選A項。此處意為“沒有她的允許不能下來”。2高屋建瓴,把握主旨完形填空是考查綜合運用英語知識能力的試題。它主要考查考生對上下文的理解和邏輯判斷能力,而通常利用文章的首句,就能抓住文章的主旨文意并在主旨文意的引導下進行合乎邏輯的判斷推理,從而正確推斷出文章的隱匿信息。整理為word格式典例On the road of life,the help of strangers can 54 our loads and lift our spirits.How much sweeter the 55 will be when we make it a little smoother for others！(2008·重慶)54A.move BincreaseClighten Dcarry55A.world BjourneyCsmile Dfriendship答案54.C55.B解析54.本句是對全文的概括。句意為：在人生的道路上,來自陌生人的幫助可以減輕我們的負擔,振奮我們的精神。move移動；increase增加；lighten減輕；carry攜帶。55選文原文通過作者在公共汽車上親眼目睹的一件事說明在人生旅程中給別人一點幫助能使世界更加美好。這一段點明了文章主題：假如我們都能為別人做一點善事,那么人生的旅程(journey)就會美好得多。1We recently treated our now­adult son and his girlfriend to a seafood feast,near Cocoa Beach,Florida.Our server,a grandmotherly woman skilled in the art of1,flew around the2juggling dishes and drinks while treating customers as individuals.She remembered their3tastes,likes and dislikesall of which shed learned after only the briefest4.At the end of the meal,she presented the bill,and then went to5the growing crowd of other dinners.My husband6with a credit card,added her7,and we were off.“Mr. Goldsmith！” our waitress ran out of the dinning room waving a receipt at him,“Thank you.”He looked at her as though he didnt8.Weve all seen that universal9of confusioneyebrows drawn together and head cocked to one side.“What did you give her？” I asked in a stage whisper, 10 if he had done something 11 or made a calculation error.“Wow,Dad,” our son said, 12 like an awestruck 10­year­old.“Ive never seen a waitress 13 anyone out of the restaurant to saythank youfor the tip.”“She gave us great service.I just thought she deserved a little more 14 what I usually give.”It wasnt until later,when I accidentally heard our 15 retelling the story of the 16 waitress,that I realized she had given my family something 17 a “thank you”She showed our son the importance of 18 hard work and the rewarding 整理為word格式sound of “thank you”Her show of thanks helped a dad earn a bit more 19 from a loving son.And it reminded me just why I 20 this thoughtful,caring man.1A.painting Bsmiling Ccooking Dserving答案D解析根據(jù)前面的server一詞可知,這里指這個人有很好的服務藝術。2A.restaurant Bbeach Ccorner Dstreets答案A解析講述的是餐館里面發(fā)生的事情,其他選項都不合語境。3A.common Bspecial Cconsiderable Ddelicious答案B解析special特別的,此處表達的意思為她記得客人們的特殊口味等。其他選項不合題意。4A.arguments Bdiscussions Cconversations Ddebates答案C解析briefest conversations意思是“最簡短的對話”,即她通過與客人之間最簡短的對話,便知道了他們的特殊口味,他們喜歡什么,不喜歡什么。5A.attend toBlook for Ccare for Dfind out答案A解析attend to照顧；接待,符合題意。6A.paid Bcalled Ccarried Dpushed答案A解析paid with a credit card指用信用卡付賬。7A.advice Bsuggestions Ctip Dprize答案C解析tip指“小費”。即用信用卡付賬后,又付她小費。8A.doubt Benjoy Chappen Dunderstand答案D解析根據(jù)下文內(nèi)容可知,當作者的丈夫給了小費之后,服務員追出來說感謝的話,這是很不常見的事情,所以他們感到很奇怪,不了解為什么會這樣。9A.feeling Blook Cattitude Dtension答案B解析look指“表情”,即臉上露出的不理解的表情。10A.thinking Bhoping Cwondering Dexpecting答案C解析作者感到疑惑,丈夫到底給了那個服務員什么東西,使得她跑出來向他表示感謝,是他做了什么不合常理的事情還是算錯了賬呢？所以C項符合題意。11A.unreasonable Bappropriate Cunfair Dhelpful整理為word格式答案A解析見上一題解析。12A.looking Bsounding Cdoing Dimagining答案B解析這里是在說作者兒子的聲音,因此用sounding like,即“聽起來像”。13A.help Bkeep Cdrive Dfollow答案D解析follow表示“跟隨,追隨”。句意為：我從來沒有看到過有服務員追出飯店,向客人感謝給她小費。14A.except Bbelow Cabove Dwithin答案C解析above表示“超過”。句意為：她給了我們非常好的服務,所以我認為她應該得到比正常要多一點的報酬。15A.son Bfriend Ccolleague Dparent答案A解析根據(jù)文章最后一段內(nèi)容可知,作者的兒子從那位服務員身上學到了很多東西。而這些都是從兒子說的話里面感覺到的,因此,這里選son,即她的兒子在陳述當時的情景。16A.excellent BskilledCgenerous Dgrateful答案D解析grateful感激的,符合原文內(nèi)容,即上文提到的那位對作者的丈夫表示感謝的女服務員。17A.rather than Bmore thanCless than Dno more than答案B解析句意為：那位服務員給我們家的不僅僅是簡單的一句感謝,而是更多的東西。18A.devoting BrememberingCacknowledging Dignoring答案C解析根據(jù)上下文內(nèi)容可知,顯然只有C項符合語境,即他們的兒子知道了承認辛勤勞動的重要性。19A.respect BsympathyCthanks Dsatisfactory答案A解析孩子因為這件事而更加尊重自己的父親了。20A.trained Brefused Cleft Dmarried答案D解析結合文章內(nèi)容及所提供的選項,可知選D項。2(2009·天津)The first time I remember noticing the crossing guard was when he waved to me as I drove my son to school.He整理為word格式1me with a puzzleall because he waved to me like someone does2seeing a close friend.A big,3smile accompanied his wave.For the next few days I tried to4his face to see if I knew him.I didnt.Perhaps he had5me for someone else.By the time I contented myself with the 6 that he and I were strangers,we were greeting each other warmly every morning like old friends.Then one day the 7 was solved.As I 8 the school he was standing in the middle of the road 9 his stop sign.I was in line behind four cars. 10 the kids had reached the safety of the sidewalk,he lowered his sign and let the cars 11 .To the first he waved and 12 in just the same way he had done to me over the last few days.The kids already had the window down and were happily waving their reply.The second car got the same 13 from the crossing guard,and the driver,a stiff­looking(表情刻板的) businessman,gave a brief,almost 14 wave back.Each following car of kids on their way to school 15 more heartily.Every morning I continued to watch the man with 16 .So far I havent seen anyone 17 to wave back.I find it interesting that one person can make such a(n) 18 to so many peoples lives by doing one simple thing like waving and smiling warmly.His 19 warmed the start of my day.With a friendly wave and smiling face he had changed the 20 of the whole neighborhood.1A.hit BdisappointedCpresented Dbored答案C解析present sb.with sth.使某人經(jīng)歷某事；把交給某人。此處指作者第一次遇見那位交警時他就像老朋友那樣向“我”揮手,這使得作者感到迷惑不解。2A.on BfromCduring Dabout答案A解析on doing sth.一就。3A.false BshyCapologetic Dbright答案D解析空格處的形容詞應與big一致,bright燦爛的。句意為：他向我揮手,帶著滿臉燦爛的笑容。4A.research BstudyCrecognize Dexplore答案B解析study ones face仔細端詳某人的臉。study審視,端詳,符合語境。research調(diào)查,研究；recognize認出；explore探索。5A.praised BblamedCmistaken Drespected整理為word格式答案C解析mistake sb.for.把某人誤認為,符合上下文語境。praise表揚；blame責備；respect尊重。6A.conclusion BdescriptionCevaluation Dintroduction答案A解析由上文內(nèi)容可知,作者不認識他,因此,得出這一“結論”：他們僅是陌生人。that引導同位語從句,補充說明conclusion的內(nèi)容。7A.argumentBdisagreementCmystery Dtask答案C解析陌生人之間竟能如此熱情地打招呼,這一“謎團”有一天終于被解開了。mystery神秘的事,謎團。8A.visited BapproachedCpassed Dleft答案B解析visit參觀,訪問,拜訪；approach靠近,接近；pass經(jīng)過；leave離開。由下文中的“.the kids had reached the safety of the sidewalk,.”可知,作者是送孩子去學校,但是還未到學校。9A.drawing back Bputting onChanding in Dholding out答案D解析draw back退后；put on張貼；hand in上交；hold out伸出；舉起。由下句中的lowered his sign可知應選held out。10A.Once BBefore CUnless DWhile答案A解析once一旦；當?shù)臅r候。11A.in Bthrough Cout Ddown答案B解析through此處為副詞,意為“通過”。12A.criedBcheeredCsmiled Dgestured答案C解析in just the same way he had done to me用他和我打招呼時完全相同的方法,由此可知,交警應該邊揮手邊微笑著向司機打招呼。13A.idea Breply CnoticeDgreeting答案D解析交警的這一做法是向司機打“招呼”。整理為word格式14A.awkward BangryCelegantDpatient答案A解析與孩子們的happily與heartily相比,那位表情刻板的司機只是簡單地,甚至是很別扭地打了個招呼。awkward難看的；別扭的。15A.came BrespondedChurried Dappeared答案B解析come來；respond作出回應；hurry趕緊,匆忙；appear出現(xiàn)。此處指后面車中上學的孩子們都熱情地向這位交警打招呼。16A.surprise BfrustrationCinterestDdoubt答案C解析with interest感興趣地；其余三項均與in搭配。句意為：每天早上,我繼續(xù)興致勃勃地觀察他。17A.fail BtryCwish Dbother答案A解析由上文內(nèi)容可知,作者本人、孩子們甚至表情刻板的司機都和熱情的交警打招呼,因此,應選fail。雙重否定表示肯定意義。fail to do sth.沒能做某事。18A.offer Bsacrifice Cpromise Ddifference答案D解析make a difference有影響,有意義。其余選項與make搭配不符合文意。19Aeffectiveness Bcheerfulness Ccarefulness Dseriousness答案B解析cheerfulness快樂；高興,此處指交警對待工作的樂觀態(tài)度。20Atrends BobservationsCregulationsDfeelings答案D解析feeling此處意為“看法,態(tài)度”。句意為：他用友好的行為和微笑改變了整條街上人們的態(tài)度。 友情提示：本資料代表個人觀點，如有幫助請下載，謝謝您的瀏覽！ 整理為word格式