英語下冊(cè)知識(shí)點(diǎn)總結(jié)一、重點(diǎn)短語1. look at 看一看2. over there 在那邊 3. in English 用英語4. excuse me 打攪了5. in the pond 在池塘里6. play with 和 一起玩7. of course 當(dāng)然8. swim well 游泳好9. pet shop 寵物店10. a lot of 很多11. jump through a ring 越過圓環(huán)12. ride a horse 騎馬13. ride a bike 騎自行車14. climb up a ladder 爬梯子15. come here 過來16. come along 過來17. come with me 跟我來18. show around 帶參觀19. this way 這邊走20. borrow from 從借21. borrow books 借書22. read stories 讀故事23. make things 制作東西24. speak English 說英語25. draw pictures 畫畫26. have art classes 上美術(shù)課27. dance room 舞蹈教室28. how often 多久一次29. science lab 科學(xué)實(shí)驗(yàn)室 30. language lab 語音室31. how many 多少32. other activities 其他活動(dòng)33. do experiments 做實(shí)驗(yàn)34. do listening 練聽力35. observe things 觀察事物36. do speaking 練口語37. New Years Day 元旦38. meeting hall 會(huì)議大廳39. Childrens Day 兒童節(jié)40. be good at 擅長(zhǎng)41. be interested in 對(duì)感興趣42. music club 音樂俱樂部43. no one 沒有人44.play the violin 拉小提琴45. art club 美術(shù)俱樂部46. come into 進(jìn)入47.listen to music 聽音樂48. cut out 剪下49. come from 來自50. up and down 上上下下51. in groups 成組52. science corner 科學(xué)角53. group work 小組活動(dòng)54. do project work 做工程制作55. art corner 美術(shù)角56. computer corner 電腦角57.play football 踢足球58. be famous for 因聞名59. study plants and animals 研究動(dòng)植物60. do exercises 做運(yùn)動(dòng)61. on the field 在操場(chǎng)上62. do printing on the paper 在紙上印刷63. how about 怎么樣？64.go on field trips 田野考察65. play volleyball 打排球66. play basketball 打籃球67. play hockey 打曲棍球68. play rugby 打橄欖球 69. in the forest 在森林里70. have a look at 看一看71. here you are 給你 72. how much 多少錢73. a pair of 一雙；一對(duì)74. try on 試穿75. shoe shop 鞋店76. clothes shop 服裝店77. make a shopping list 做購物單78. sports shop 體育用品商店79. cake shop 蛋糕店80. pay for 付錢81. feel well 感覺好82. see a doctor 看醫(yī)生83. take good care of 好好照顧84. have a bad cold 得了重感冒85. have a fever 發(fā)燒86. have a stomachache 胃疼87. have a headache 頭疼88. have a toothache 牙疼89. have a cough 咳嗽90. go to a concert 聽音樂會(huì)91. do maths problems 做數(shù)學(xué)題 92. go to the music club 去音樂俱樂部93. have to 不得不94. stay in bed 待在床上95. get well 康復(fù) 96. be worried about 擔(dān)憂97. dont worry 別擔(dān)憂98.help with 幫助做某事99. in the hospital 在醫(yī)院里二、重點(diǎn)短語講解1. play with 和一起玩play with sb.(某人) 和一起玩 play with sth.(某物) 玩某物e.g. Lucy and Lily are playing with their mother. Lucy and Lily are playing with their doll.2. a lot of 很多 a lot of = lots of + 可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)或不可數(shù)名詞e.g. 同義句轉(zhuǎn)換 There are a lot of apples on the table. = There are _ _ apples on the table. (答案：lots of)3. how often 多久一次how often 是一個(gè)特殊疑問詞，就頻率提問。英語表示頻率的詞：一次：once兩次：twice 特殊其他次數(shù)：基數(shù)詞+times 構(gòu)成 例如：8次 eight timese.g. -How often do you go to the library?-I go to the library once a week. (注：如就劃線局部提問，應(yīng)用特殊疑問詞how often)4. how many 多少how many/much 就數(shù)量提問 how many + 可數(shù)名詞；how much + 不可數(shù)名詞e.g.- How many boys are there in your class? - There are 40 boys in my class.- How much water is there in the bottle? - There is a little water in the bottle.5. be good at 擅長(zhǎng) at 后 可加名詞 如加動(dòng)詞，動(dòng)詞應(yīng)用動(dòng)名詞形式 既 v + inge.g. I am good at English.6. be interested in 對(duì)感興趣in 后 可加名詞 如加動(dòng)詞，動(dòng)詞應(yīng)用動(dòng)名詞形式 既 v + inge.g. I am interested in English.7. play the violin 拉小提琴 樂器前加定冠詞 the8. listen to music 聽音樂 聽，用listen to 1. 聽音樂前，不加定冠詞the 2. 聽收音機(jī)前，要加定冠詞the : listen to the radio9. come from 來自，come from = be from， I come from China. = I am from China.易錯(cuò)點(diǎn)：Where are you come from? (錯(cuò)誤) Where do you come from? (正確)10. play football 踢足球 球類名詞前不加冠詞11 be famous for 因聞名12. have a look at 看一看have a look at = look at13. how much 多少錢how much 用來詢問價(jià)格14. a pair of 一雙；一對(duì) a pair of glasses; a pair of trousers; a pair of gloves 15. try on 試穿試穿鞋子 try on the shoes = try the shoes on試穿它 此處它是代詞，只能放在 try on 之間 try it on14. see a doctor 看醫(yī)生常用表示“看的單詞有： watch; see; look; readwatch: 用于看電視，比賽等； watch TV watch football matchsee: 看見 強(qiáng)調(diào)結(jié)果，看到什么；看醫(yī)生、看電影時(shí)用see ; see a film; see a doctor15. take good care of 好好照顧 take (good) care of = look after16. have a fever 發(fā)燒have a + 表示病癥的單詞 have a fever; have a toothache; have a headachehave + 病名 have measles (麻疹) have mumps (腮腺炎)17. have to 不得不， Her mother is ill, she has to look after her mother, so she cant come to the party.重點(diǎn)：含有have to 的句子變否認(rèn) 用dont 或 doesnte.g. She has to finish her homework.She doesnt have to finish her homework. (正確) She has not to finish her homework.(錯(cuò)誤)18. be worried about 擔(dān)憂 She is worried about her exam.19. help with 幫助做某事 help with = help sb. (to) do sth.Peter helps her mother with the housework. = Peter helps her mother (to) do the housework.三、重點(diǎn)單詞用法1. call v. 稱作 What do you call it in English?2. like v. 喜歡 sth. I like English very much.like to do sth. I like reading very much, but I dont like to read now.doing sth.3. lets + 動(dòng)詞原形 Lets (=let us) make animals. let sb. do sth. 讓某人做某事4. want v. 想，想要want sth. I want a piece of paper.to do sth. I want to watch TV.5. 情態(tài)動(dòng)詞情態(tài)動(dòng)詞很簡(jiǎn)單，沒有人稱數(shù)之變，動(dòng)詞原形后邊站，can表能力 may許可 should應(yīng)該 would愿 must必須 ，否認(rèn)neednt換 have to不得不表客觀四、重點(diǎn)語法 A) 一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)1. 概念：一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表示經(jīng)常的、習(xí)慣性的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)。 2. 構(gòu)成：一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的構(gòu)成主要有兩種形式： 1be型：句子的謂語動(dòng)詞只有beam，is或are： a肯定句中，只出現(xiàn)be，如： I am a student我是一名學(xué)生。 b否認(rèn)句中，要在be后面加not，如： She isn't a teacher她不是教師。 c一般疑問句，要將be放在句子開頭注意句首字母大寫，句尾用問號(hào)，答語用Yes，主語+be或No，主語 + be + not如： Are you ready？你準(zhǔn)備好了嗎？ Yes，I am是的，我準(zhǔn)備好了。 No，I'm not不，我沒準(zhǔn)備好。 2實(shí)義動(dòng)詞型：句中的謂語動(dòng)詞為實(shí)義動(dòng)詞也叫行為動(dòng)詞： a肯定句中，只出現(xiàn)實(shí)義動(dòng)詞，如： I get up in the morning我早晨起床。 b否認(rèn)句中，要在實(shí)義動(dòng)詞前面加dodoesnot，dodoes作助動(dòng)詞，本身無意義，常與not縮寫成don'tdoesn't，如： I don't like vegetables我不喜歡蔬菜。 c一般疑問句，要在句子開頭加助動(dòng)詞Dodoes，句尾用問號(hào)，簡(jiǎn)略答語用Yes，主語+dodoes或No，主語+dodoesnot如： Do you like oranges？你喜歡桔子嗎？ Yes，I do是的，我喜歡。 No，I don't不，我不喜歡。 3. 一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的用法 1) 經(jīng)常性或習(xí)慣性的動(dòng)作，常與表示頻腮度的時(shí)間狀語連用。 時(shí)間狀語： every, sometimes, at, on Sunday I leave home for school at 7 every morning. 2) 客觀真理，客觀存在，科學(xué)事實(shí)。 The earth moves around the sun. Shanghai lies in the east of China. 3) 表示格言或警句中。 Pride goes before a fall. 驕者必?cái)　?注意：此用法如果出現(xiàn)在賓語從句中，即使主句是過去時(shí)，從句謂語也要用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。 例：Columbus proved that the earth is round. 4) 現(xiàn)在時(shí)刻的狀態(tài)、能力、性格、個(gè)性。 I don't want so much. Ann Wang writes good English but does not speak well. 比擬：Now I put the sugar in the cup. I am doing my homework now. B) 一般將來時(shí)一、概念：表示將要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)及打算、方案或準(zhǔn)備做某事。句中一般有以下時(shí)間狀語：tomorrow, next day(week, month, year),soon, the day after tomorrow后天等。二、根本結(jié)構(gòu)： be going to + do； will+ do.三、否認(rèn)句：在be動(dòng)詞am, is, are后加not或will后加not成wont。例如：Im going to have a picnic this afternoon. Im not going to have a picnic this afternoon.四、一般疑問句： be或will提到句首，some改為any, and改為or，第一二人稱互換。例如：We are going to go on an outing this weekend. Are you going to go on an outing this weekend?五、對(duì)劃線局部提問。一般情況，一般將來時(shí)的對(duì)劃線局部有三種情況。 1. 問人。Who 例如：Im going to New York soon. Whos going to New York soon. 2. 問干什么。What do. 例如： My father is going to watch a race with me this afternoon. What is your father going to do with you this afternoon. 3. 問什么時(shí)候。When. 例如：Shes going to go to bed at nine. When is she going to bed?六、同義句：be going to = will I am going to go swimming tomorrow明天. = I will go swimming tomorrow.七、be going to和will 的區(qū)別    be going to和will 的用法雖然都表示將來發(fā)生動(dòng)作或情況，但它們的用法是有區(qū)別的。1. be going to主要用于：(1)、表示事先經(jīng)過考慮、安排好打算要做的事情。 What are you going to do today? 今天你們打算做什么？ Dad and I are going to see a Beijing opera this afternoon. 今天下午我和爸爸打算去看京劇。 Im going to play the violin. 我打算拉小提琴。 Shes going to play the piano. 她打算彈鋼琴。 (2)、表示根據(jù)目前某種跡象判斷，某事非常有可能發(fā)生。e.g. Look! There come the dark clouds. It is going to rain. 瞧！烏云密集，天要下雨。I am afraid I am going to have a cold. 恐怕我要患重感冒。2. will主要用于在以下幾個(gè)方面：(1)、表示單純的未來“將要通用各個(gè)人稱。e.g. They will go to visit the factory tomorrow. 明天他們將去工廠參觀。Ill come with Wang Bing, Liu Tao and Yang Ling. 我將和王兵、劉濤、楊玲一起來。(2)、表示不以人的意志為轉(zhuǎn)移的自然開展的未來的事。e.g. Today is Saturday.   Tomorrow will be Sunday.今天是星期六。明天是將是星期日。He will be thirty years old this time next year. 明年這個(gè)時(shí)候他就將三十歲。(3)、問對(duì)方是否愿意做某事或表示客氣地邀請(qǐng)或命令.e.g. Will you please turn on the radio?    請(qǐng)翻開收音機(jī)好嗎？C) 現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)構(gòu)成:主語+be+動(dòng)詞ing現(xiàn)在分詞形式 第一人稱+ am + v-ing 第二人稱+ are + v-ing 第三人稱+ is +v-ing 現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的根本用法： a. 表示現(xiàn)在( 指說話人說話時(shí)) 正在發(fā)生的事情。 We are waiting for you. b. 習(xí)慣進(jìn)行：表示長(zhǎng)期的或重復(fù)性的動(dòng)作，說話時(shí)動(dòng)作未必正在進(jìn)行。 Mr. Green is writing another novel. (說話時(shí)并未在寫，只處于寫作的狀態(tài)。) She is learning piano under Mr. Smith. c. 已經(jīng)確定或安排好的將來活動(dòng) I'm leaving for a trek in Nepal next week.已經(jīng)安排了 we're flying to Paris tomorrow.(票已經(jīng)拿到了 d. 有些動(dòng)詞狀態(tài)動(dòng)詞不用于進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài) (1)表示知道或了解的動(dòng)詞:believe, doubt, forget, imagine, know, remember, realize, suppose, understand (2)表示“看起來“看上去"appear, resemble, seem (3)表示喜愛或不喜愛hate, like, lover, prefer (4)表示構(gòu)成或來源的動(dòng)詞 be, come, from, contain, include (5)表示感官的動(dòng)詞 hear see smell sound taste (6)表示擁有的動(dòng)詞belong to, need, own, possess, want, wishPart 1 Listening 一、 選出你所聽到的單詞。( ) 1、A crane B capital C countryside( ) 2、A girl B grow C change( ) 3、A hello B happy C hand( ) 4、A when Bwhere C what( ) 5、A wide B ride C quiet ( ) 6、A it B live C music( ) 7、A jump B July C jigsaw( ) 8、A pan B paint C picnic( ) 9 A like B yellow C letter( ) 10 A well B help C apple( ) 11 A mother B grandma C film( ) 12 A green B thin C winter二、選出劃線字母讀音不同的選項(xiàng)。( ) 1 A cake B fate C name D bad ( ) 2 A want B watch C cat D what( ) 3 A kite B fite C lift D tide ( )4 A green B thin C nice D winter( )5 A sun B nose C nurse D swimming 三、選出你所聽到的句子。( ) 1 A Its made of wood. B Its made of clay. C Its made of glass.( ) 2 A Ill make a hole. B Ill water it . C Ill plant a tree.( ) 3 A Put some water into a pan. B Add the water to the noodles.C You can eat your noodles.( ) 4 A Im going to go camping . B Im going camping .C Im going to paint my room .( ) 5 A We need to take a tent. B We needs to take a pan. C We need to take a torch.( ) 6 A I want to go for a picnic . B I want to take some food .C I want to play football .四、聽音排序。( ) First, Ill make a hole.( ) It will be a big tree.( ) Then Ill put the seed in the hole.( ) Then Ill water it every day .( ) Then Ill cover the seed with earth.( ) It will grow and grow .Part 2 Writing一、 單詞連線。茶葉 capital 金屬 picnic松樹 tea 野餐 pilot種子 pine tree 飛行員 leather聰明的 seed 皮革 nice首都 clever 友好的 metal坑 hole 方便面 wood塑料 plastic 木頭 instant noodles手電筒 torch 帶(東西) take 小河 river 害羞的 shy二、 翻譯以下短語。the twelfth of march 去野餐 in the hole 種樹 a bit 每天 Take a tent_ 太棒了 三、 補(bǔ)全單詞。1. cl_y 2 .gla_ _ 3 .wat_ _ 4 .s_ _d 5. tor_ _6 . p_ nt 7. w_ _d 8. r_in 9 .b _lloon 10. ja _ _et四、 選擇填空。( ) 1 Im _ a pine tree . A planting B plant C plants( ) 2 Ill cover the seed _ earth . A of B use C with ( ) 3The window is made _ glass.A of B use C with( ) 4 A ruler is made of _. A leather B clay C plastic ( ) 5 Clogs _ made of wood. A is B are C am ( ) 6 Im going camping _ my father _Saturday . A with of B use on C withon( ) 7 My shoes_ made of leather. A am B is C are( )8 I want to go_ a picnic. A to B in C for ( )9 Shes going to her room this weekend. A pan B paint C take( )10 We need to food. A help B pant C take五 選擇正確的單詞。 1 a monkey 2 a balloon 3 a river 4 a flower 5 a pagoda 6 China 7 a kite 8 an apple 9 first 10 third 11 second 12 fourthA 猴子 B 小河 C花 D熊貓 E 中國(guó) F風(fēng)箏 G汽球 H蘋果 I 第一 J 第二 K第三 L第四 六、英漢互譯 1 I want to go for a picnic. 2 We need to go to the zoo. 3 The chair is made of wood. 4 Then Ill water it every day. 5 我想要去學(xué)校. 6 杯子是由玻璃做成的. 7 什么東西是由金屬做成的? 七、把以下短文翻譯成漢語Hello, these are my friends. This is Maomao. Shes very nice, but shes a bit shy. This is Xiaoyong. Hes very clever, but he is a bit quiet. Ive got another friend, he is very talkative. Its me ,your friend, Parrot!