年 級初一學 科英語版 本牛津深圳版課程標題上冊M1 Unit 1 Making friends(2)一、學習目標1. 學習特殊疑問句（Wh-questions）的基本句型：e.g.：What is her name?Where is she from? 2. 不定冠詞 a/an的用法。二、重點、難點重點1. 單詞：like , best, wish, complete, free , hear, myself.2. 短語：pay attention, help sb.（to）do sth. , help sb. with sth., would like to do sth, lots of, far away from, hear from sb. 3. 句型：1）What is this? 2）Who is at the door?3）Which is your book?4）Whose bag is it?5）When did you arrive?6）Why do you love your school?7）Where is my cat?8）How are you?難點：Wh-questions的用法。知識梳理：一、單詞領(lǐng)讀like v. 喜歡free adj.自由的best adj.最好的hear v. 聽見wish n.&v. 祝愿myself reflex. 我自己complete v. 完成carefully adv. 仔細地flat n. 公寓二、重點單詞【單詞學習】1. like / laik / v. 喜歡【用法】1）作prep.時指“像”，look like 看起來像2）作v.時指喜歡，后接動名詞或動詞不定式to do。其中接動名詞時表示動作的習慣性，長期性的愛好；接to do時表示動作的偶然性，一次性的喜歡。【例句】The baby looks like his father. 這個寶寶看起來像他的爸爸。I like playing football. 我喜歡踢足球。I like to swim. 我喜歡游泳?！究碱}鏈接】She likes _.A. watching TV B. watch TV C. watch tv D. watching tv答案：A思路分析：A項為動名詞形式；B項是動詞原形，不可以在like后出現(xiàn)；C項拼寫錯誤；D項拼寫錯誤。句意“她喜歡看電視”。2. best / best / adj. 最好的；最愉快的【用法】 是good的最高級?！纠洹縎he is my best friend. 她是我最好的朋友。You are the best. 你是最棒的。【考點】句型轉(zhuǎn)換，favourite和best的同義句互換?！究碱}鏈接】同義句轉(zhuǎn)換I like this subject best._ .答案：This subject is my favourite.思路分析：I like. best.可以說成 .is my favourite。3. wish n.&v 祝福，祝愿【用法】wish作名詞時，是可數(shù)名詞，意為祝福時，復(fù)數(shù)后面加es。wish作動詞時，也意為祝福，祝愿。后可接動詞不定式或雙賓語?！纠洹緽est wishes to you.給你最美好的祝愿。I wish to see you.我希望見到你。I wish you a merry Christmas. 我祝你圣誕快樂！【拓展】make a wish 許一個愿【考題鏈接】用括號中所給詞的恰當形式填空Please give them my best _. (wish)答案：wishes思路分析：wish作名詞時是可數(shù)名詞，當它在書信或賀卡中出現(xiàn)，表示給別人最美好的祝福時，通常是復(fù)數(shù)形式。4. free adj. 自由的【用法】還可表示“空閑的”、“空著的”、“免費的”等?！纠洹緼re you free today? 你今天有空嗎？Look！This book is free! 看，這本書是免費的！【考題鏈接】翻譯短語在我的業(yè)余時間_ 答案：in my free time 思路分析：free time 空閑的、業(yè)余的時間。5. hear /hi / v. 聽見【用法】hear表示聽見，過去式為heard，是不規(guī)則變化。1）hear sb. 聽見某人2）hear about sth聽說某事3）hear sb. doing sth.表示“聽到某人正在做某事”注意：hear一詞一般不用于進行時。不說I am hearing. 而用can或could?！纠洹?Can you hear me? 你能聽見我嗎？Did you hear anything about Jim? 你聽說關(guān)于Jim的事了嗎？I can hear somebody coming.我能聽見有人來了?！究键c】辨析hear和listen(to)hear只是強調(diào)聽見了，強調(diào)結(jié)果，指聲音傳進了耳朵。 listen to的意思是集中注意力去聽，強調(diào)動作。例如： I heard them talking in the next room, but I didnt really listen to what they were saying. 我聽到他們在隔壁房間里說話，但我實在沒注意聽他們說什么。 【考題鏈接】翻譯句子我聽見Lucy正在她房間里唱歌。 _.答案：I hear Lucy singing in her room.思路分析：聽見某人正在做某事，動詞后要加ing。6. myself reflex. 我自己【用法】 myself是反身代詞，反身代詞可簡單理解為“某某自己，自身”。當反身代詞與by搭配時，意為：單獨地，沒有人幫助的?！纠洹?I can do it by myself. 我可以自己做?！究碱}鏈接】I finished the paper by _.A. me B. I C. my D. myself答案：D思路分析：句意我自己完成了卷子。myself“我自己”?！炯磳W即練】根據(jù)句意和首字母完成單詞1. I l_ playing computer games.2. Please send her my b_ wishes.3. Tom lives in a small f_.4. Before blowing out the candles, let me make a w_.5. Can you c_ the job by yourself?6. I read this English book by m_.7. Im not busy. Im f_ today. How about going to the park?8. I can h_ a cat out of the door.9. I closed the door c_, because the baby was sleeping.答案：1. like 2. best 3. flat 4. wish 5. complete 6. myself 7. free 8. hear 9. carefully三、重點短語【短語學習】1. pay attention 注意【用法】pay attention 后經(jīng)常加介詞to，pay attention to后接名詞或動名詞?！纠洹縅im, you should pay attention to your health. 你應(yīng)該注意你的健康啊【考題鏈接】 用括號中所給詞的適當形式填空You must pay attention to your _(spell)。答案：spelling思路分析：pay attention to 后接動名詞或名詞，故要把spell改成v.ing形式。2. help sb.（to）do sth. 幫助某人做某事 【用法】 help表示“幫助”某人，經(jīng)常有以下兩種用法：1）help sb.（to）do sth.幫助某人做某事； 2）help sb. with sth.在某方面幫助某人【例句】He helped me to mend my bike. 他幫助我修理了我的自行車。Tom often helps me with my English. Tom經(jīng)常幫助我學英語?！究碱}鏈接】同義句轉(zhuǎn)換I often help him with math._ .答案：I often help him to study math.思路分析：句意：我經(jīng)常幫助他學數(shù)學?？梢园裩elp sb. with sth 變成. help sb. to do sth 。3. would like to do sth . 想要做某事，愿意做某事【用法】would like to do sth. 經(jīng)常和主語進行縮寫：d like to do sth.；“想做某事”還可以用 want to do 來表達?！纠洹縄 would like to play football.我想踢足球?！究碱}鏈接】 同義句轉(zhuǎn)換Id like to be your friend._ . 答案：I want to be your friend.思路分析：would like to do = want to do。4. lots of 許多【用法】lots of = a lot of，后接可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)，也可接不可數(shù)名詞?！纠洹縏here are lots of children in the park. = There are a lot of children in the park.公園里有很多孩子。 There is lots of water in the bottle. 瓶子里有很多水?！究碱}鏈接】 用括號中所給詞的適當形式填空I have lots of _ at school. (friend)答案：friends思路分析：lots of 后加名詞復(fù)數(shù)。5. far away from 遠離；離很遠【用法】反義詞為be close to，be near?！纠洹縈y school is far away from my home.我的學校離我家很遠?！究碱}鏈接】 在正確的詞上打鉤：I take 1 hour to go to school. Its（near，far away from）my home.答案: far away from思路分析：由句意“我用一個小時的時間去上學”，可知距離很遠，故選far away from。6. hear from sb. 收到某人的來信【用法】hear from sb. 等于receive a letter from sb.?！纠洹縄m so happy to hear from you. 收到你的來信我很高興?！究碱}鏈接】同義句轉(zhuǎn)換I heard from Lucy last week._ .答案：I received a letter from Lucy last week.思路分析：hear from sb.等于receive a letter from sb. 收到某人來信?！炯磳W即練】單項選擇1. Please pay attention to _.A. close the door B. closing the door C. closed the door D. closeing the door2. Peter helps me _ my English.A. to B. of C. with D. for3. Which book would you like _?A. to read B. read C. reading D. to reading4. I heard _ Lily. She told me she was great in the letter.A. by B. to C. of D. from 答案：1. B 2. C 3. A 4. D四、重點語法【語法學習1】Wh-questions 特殊疑問句 特殊疑問句是用來對句子某一部分提問的疑問句。疑問詞出現(xiàn)在句首，后接不完整的一般疑問句。讀時句末通常用降調(diào)。1. what “什么”（對“事，物”提問；對職業(yè)提問。）【句析1】What is this? 這是什么？ 是對事物的提問，特殊疑問詞what+be+其他句式。此句由特殊疑問詞what加一個不完整的一般疑問句構(gòu)成。Is this a pen? 劃線的部分沒有了，想要知道這部分是什么，多用what來進行提問?！纠洹縒hat is that? 那是什么?【句析2】What is your father? 你爸爸是做什么的？是對職業(yè)的提問，用于提問某人從事什么職業(yè)。Is your father an engineer? 想知道劃線部分是什么，你的爸爸是干什么的？用what提問?！纠洹縒hat are you? 你是做什么的？【句析3】What do you often do on weekends? 你周末通常干什么？特殊疑問詞what+do/does+其他句式。what后接實義動詞的一般疑問句。Do you often watch TV on weekends?想知道你周末經(jīng)常做什么？ 用what來提問?！纠洹縒hat does she want? 她想要什么？【考題鏈接】就劃線部分提問：Is he a doctor?_ ?答案：What is he?思路分析：此句對人的職務(wù)提問，用what。2. who “誰”（對“人”提問。）【句析】Who is at the door? 誰在門旁？ 此句是對人進行提問，who后接be動詞的一般疑問句。Is your brother at the door? 若劃線部分沒有了，想要知道是誰在門那，用who提問。【例句】Who is she? 她是誰？【考題鏈接】就劃線部分提問：Is that girl your elder sister?_ ?答案：Who is that girl?思路分析：此句對人進行提問，想知道那個人是誰，故用who。3. which “哪個”（既可以對“人”提問，也可以對“物”提問）【句析】Which is your book? 此句對物進行提問，哪一個。which后接be動詞的一般疑問句。Is this your book? 若劃線部分沒有了，想知道哪本書是你的，用which提問?！纠洹縒hich one do you like？ 你喜歡哪一個？【考題鏈接】就劃線部分提問: I like the blue one._?答案：Which one do you like？思路分析：（此句是對“哪一個”進行提問，首先把句子變成一個一般疑問句，助動詞do在前，do you like,前面加上特殊疑問詞 which one。4. whose “誰的” （對物主提問）【句析】Whose bag is it? 它是誰的書包？ 此句對物主進行提問，即“誰的”。Whose +名詞，后接be動詞的一般疑問句。Is it your bag ？想知道這是誰的包，需要用whose提問，誰的包“whose bag”。一般whose引導(dǎo)特殊疑問句時，后面都和一個名詞搭配?！纠洹縒hose shoes are these? 這些是誰的鞋子？【考題鏈接】_ book is it?A. Who B. When C. Whose D. Why答案：C 思路分析：此句對物主進行提問，“誰的書？”,故選C。5. when “什么時候”（對時間提問）【句析】 When did you arrive? 你什么時候到的？此句對時間進行提問，when后接 did引導(dǎo)的一般疑問句。Did you arrive at ten? 對劃線部分提問，要知道什么時間到達，用when提問?！纠洹?When do you go to school every day？ 你每天幾點上學？【考題鏈接】_ do you go home ?At five in the afternoon.A. What B. Whose C. When D. How long答案：C思路分析：答語意為“下午五點”，明顯是對時間的提問“你幾點回家”？，故選C。6. why “為什么”（對原因提問。）【句析】 Why do you love your school? 你為什么喜歡你的學校？此句對原因進行提問，why后加do引導(dǎo)的一般疑問句?！纠洹?Why are you so happy? 你為什么這么開心？【考題鏈接】 翻譯句子：你為什么喜歡畫畫？_ ?答案：Why do you like drawing？思路分析：首先有“為什么”，故用why來進行提問，后面的部分“你喜歡畫畫？”變成一般疑問句，like為實義動詞，故需助動詞do來幫忙，Do you like d awing？，句首加特殊疑問詞why。7. where “在哪里”（對地點提問。）【句析】 Where is my cat? 我的貓在哪里？ 此句對地點進行提問。Where后接be動詞的一般疑問句?！纠洹縒here do you come from? 你來自哪里？【考題鏈接】同義句轉(zhuǎn)換Where are you from?_?答案：Where do you come from?思路分析：be from= come from.。8. how “怎樣”（對方式，程度，狀態(tài)等提問。）【句析】 How are you? 你好嗎？此句對狀態(tài)提問，特殊疑問詞how 后接 be的一般疑問句。 Are you great? 想知道此人怎么樣，用how來提問。 How do you like China? 你認為中國怎么樣？此句對程度進行提問，即“你有多中國”？【例句】 How do you go to the park? 你怎么去公園？【考題鏈接】就劃線部分提問：I am not very well ._ ?答案：How are you ?思路分析：劃線部分意為“狀態(tài)不好”，故用how來進行提問，后接一般疑問句語序。【即學即練】用適當?shù)囊蓡栐~填空。1. _ will Allan go back to England next month? By plane. 2. _is Linda going to be in the future? A singer.3. _ _ is your sister? Five years old.4._ colour do you like, red or blue? Red.5. _ does Tom get up every day? At six oclock.6. _ is Mr. Green from? Canada.7. _ do you live with? My parents.8. _ _ story books does Lily have? Twenty.9. _ do they like their teachers? Because the teachers are very kind.10. _ city is bigger, Beijing or Shanghai? Shanghai.答案：1. How 2. What 3. How old 4. Which 5. When 6. Where 7. Who 8. How many 9. Why 10. Which【語法學習2】不定冠詞 a，an的用法。 不定冠詞a，an一般用于以下幾種情況：（1）用于可數(shù)名詞的單數(shù)形式，前指某一種類的人或事情。 例：Is that an apple? 那是一個蘋果嗎？（2）指某人或某物，但不具體說明是何人或何物。 例：An orange is orange.橘子是橘色的。（3）表示“一”這個數(shù)量，但數(shù)的概念不如one強烈。 例：I have a mouth, a nose , and two eyes. 我有一張嘴，一個鼻子和兩只眼睛。 (4) 用于某些固定詞組中。 例：have a look看一看；a lot of 很多。 注意：a 和an都是不定冠詞，a用在以輔音音素開頭的單詞前；an用于以元音音素開頭的單詞前。例：a cat an elephant an aunt an hour a uniform 【即學即練】用不定冠詞a或an填空。1. _ actor 2. _ engineer 3._ nurse 4._ uniform 5._ umbrella 6._ orange7._ hour 8. _ child 9. _ant答案：1.an 2. an 3.a 4. a 5.an 6.an 7. an 8. a 9. an16 / 16