.單詞聚焦 1_ n 香煙 2_ n. 煙草；煙絲 3_ adj. (藥物等)上癮的 4_ n. 危險(xiǎn) 5_ vt. 注射,cigarette,tobacco,addictive,danger,inject,6_ n. (注射用的)針；針管 7_ adj. 有力的；(藥等)有功效 的 8_ vt. 減少 9_ adj. 附近的 10_ n. 罪行，犯罪行為 11_ adj. 違法的，不合法的 12_ n. 治療 13_ n. 成人,adult,treatment,illegal,crime,nearby,reduce,powerful,needle,14_ vi. 不同意；意見不合 15_ vt. 禁止 16_ adj. 令人不快的，極討厭的 17_ vt. 影響；對有壞影響 18_ n. 參與者；參加者 19_ vt. 認(rèn)識，認(rèn)知；認(rèn)出 20_ n. 慢跑,jogging,recognise,participant,affect,horrible,ban,disagree,.短語掃描 1break _ 闖入 2give _ 放棄 3be _to 對上癮 4be related _ 和有關(guān) 5instead _ 代替，而不,into,up,addicted,to,of,6_ ones advice 聽取某人的建議 7be in _ 處于危險(xiǎn)之中 8_ to 屬于 9compare._. 把比做 10more _ 多于；超過,than,to,belong,danger,take,.原句突破 1How many of them break the law _ _ _ _ _ _ _(為了買毒品)? 【答案】 in order to pay for their drugs 2Drug users _ _ _ _ _ _ _(更有可能陷入麻煩) at school. 【答案】 are more likely to get into trouble,3Now I work in a centre for drug addicts，_ _ _ _ _ _(幫助別人戒毒) 【答案】 helping others to stop taking drugs 4_ _ _(無論你在做什么) when you want to smokedo something else! 【答案】 Whatever youre doing,5During the 1990s,21 million people died _ _ _ _ _ _(由于吸煙) 【答案】 as a result of smoking cigarettes,addict oneself to沉溺于，醉心于 be/become addicted to沉醉于，沉迷于，上癮 a drug addict吸毒上癮的人 Many young students are addicted to,addict vt.使沉溺，使入迷；n.(對藥物等)上癮的人,computer games. 許多青年學(xué)生沉溺于電腦游戲。 Dont be addicted to net chatting.It wastes too much time. 不要沉醉于網(wǎng)上聊天，它浪費(fèi)太多時(shí)間。,His brother is a drug addict，which makes his parents worried. 他弟弟是個(gè)吸毒成癮的人，這使得他父母很著急。 Its beyond our imagination that a former work addict would become tired of working one day. 很難想像，一位曾經(jīng)的工作狂有一天會厭倦了工作。,(1)addictive adj.上癮的 This medicine has side effect and you can easily get addictive. 這種藥有副作用，你很容易上癮的。 (2)addiction n癮；入迷；嗜好 He is now fighting his addiction to smoking. 他現(xiàn)在正努力戒煙。,1.People _ drugs have much difficulty in getting rid of the _. Aaddictive to；addict Baddicted to；addict Caddicted to；addiction Daddictive to；addiction 【答案】 C,2_to drugs，he seldom call his parents only when he asks them for money. ABeing addicted BAddicted CAddicting DHaving addicted 【解析】 主語he和動詞addict之間關(guān)系為he is addicted to drugs，因此要用過去分詞作狀語。 【答案】 B,She is too fat，so she is going to reduce weight. 她太胖了，所以她想減肥。 In order to save money to buy his daughter a piano，the father reduced his expenses on cigarettes.,reduce v.減少，降低,為了攢錢給女兒買架鋼琴，那位父親削減了吸煙方面的開支。 Costs have been reduced by 20% over the past year. 過去一年里各項(xiàng)費(fèi)用減少了20%。 The expenses have been reduced to 1,000 yuan one month. 每月的費(fèi)用已降到1 000元。,使某人陷入某種狀態(tài)或狀況中 What I said reduced him to silence.我的話使他不再講話。 He was reduced to begging for food.他淪落到要飯的地步。,3.Many students have dropped out of school and now the number of our class has_50. Areduced by Breduced to Cincreased to Dincreased by,【解析】 根據(jù)“drop out of school！”可知學(xué)生輟學(xué)，班內(nèi)人數(shù)應(yīng)為減少，所以排除C、D兩項(xiàng)。減少到多少人時(shí)用介詞to，表減少的幅度要用介詞by，根據(jù)數(shù)字“50”來看，應(yīng)為“減少到”，所以用介詞to。 【答案】 B,be in connection with與有關(guān) There is a clear connection between cancer and smoking. 吸煙與癌癥之間有明顯的關(guān)系。 I went to the police in connection with the theft of my bike. 我因?yàn)樽孕熊嚤槐I一事而去警察局。,connection n.聯(lián)系，關(guān)系，連接,connect v連接；聯(lián)合；聯(lián)系；結(jié)合 be connected to (with)與連接；與有關(guān) This pipe connects with the main drain outside the house. 這個(gè)水管通往屋外的總排水渠。 There is no evidence to suggest that he is connected with the case.沒有證據(jù)表明他與這個(gè)案子有關(guān)。,4.Scientists have been doing research on new ways of curing deadly diseases_with environmental pollution，such as lung cancer. Arelated Bcombined Cconnected Djoined,【解析】 句意為：科學(xué)家一直在研究治療和環(huán)境污染有關(guān)的致命疾病的新方法像肺癌等。be connected with和有關(guān)；be related to和有關(guān)；be combined with和結(jié)合；joined一般不與with搭配。 【答案】 C,disagree with sb.on/about/over sth. 與某人關(guān)于某事意見不同 disagree with (氣候，食物等)(對人)不適合,disagree vi.(事情)與不一致，不符合,His conduct disagrees with his words.他言行不一。 She disagreed with me on that point. 她關(guān)于那一點(diǎn)與我的意見相左。 The climate here disagrees with me. 這兒的氣候?qū)ξ也贿m合。,(1)agree with同意；(氣候，食物等)適合于某人；和相一致(常用于否定句) I think youll agree with me that the situation is improving. Your story does not agree with what I have heard.,(2)agree to.贊成；同意計(jì)劃、建議或條件等 I told him my plan and he at once agreed to it. He agreed to lend me his bike. (3)agree on就取得一致意見和看法 We couldnt agree on the price.我們不能就價(jià)格取得一致意見。,5.You are saying that everyone should be equal，and this is_I disagree. Awhy Bwhere Cwhat Dhow,【解析】 本題考查關(guān)聯(lián)詞，引導(dǎo)表語從句。agree (disagree)一般作不及物動詞，作及物動詞時(shí)也不直接跟名詞、代詞作賓語。and連接兩個(gè)并列分句，this指代上句所說的內(nèi)容。where在從句中作地點(diǎn)狀語引導(dǎo)表語從句。意思是：這就是我不同意的地方(或之所在)。 【答案】 B,6(2008年湖南卷)When did you last hear_Jay? He phoned me this morning，and we agreed_a time and place to meet. Aof；to Babout；with Cfrom；with Dfrom；on,【解析】 句意為：“你最后一次接到Jay的電話是什么時(shí)候？”“他今天早晨打了電話給我，我們確定了下次見面的時(shí)間和地點(diǎn)。”hear fromreceive a letter/telephone call etc.from sb.接到某人的信、電話等；agree on意為經(jīng)協(xié)商達(dá)成一致意見。 【答案】 D,7In general，we always shared the same opinion，but this time he_me on that point. Adisagreed with Bdisagreed to Cagree with Dagree to,【解析】 根據(jù)句意和連詞but可知這次他不同意我的觀點(diǎn)，排除C、D兩項(xiàng)，disagree with sb.on sth.“就某事和某人觀點(diǎn)不一樣”。 【答案】 A,ban doing sth.禁止做某事 ban sb.from doing sth.禁止某人做某事 The government has banned the use of chemical weapons. 政府已經(jīng)禁止使用化學(xué)武器。,ban vt.明令禁止,Canada will ban smoking in all offices later this year. 今年下半年加拿大將禁止在辦公室吸煙。 In the 1950s，the blacks in some states of America were banned from going to some public places. 在20世紀(jì)50年代美國某些州黑人被禁止去一些公共場所。,ban n禁止，禁令 put a ban on.禁止 place/put.under a ban禁止 under a ban被禁止 There is a ban on smoking in theaters.劇院里禁止吸煙。,The president of the country has put a ban on the import of tobacco.該國總統(tǒng)宣布禁止進(jìn)口煙草。 Smoking in a reading­room is placed under a ban. 在閱覽室吸煙是被禁止的。,8.It is a rule that the students are banned_computer games in our school. Ato play Bfrom playing Cof playing Don playing,【解析】 ban sb.from doing sth.禁止某人做某事，在此題中考查了其被動形式sb.be banned from doing sth.。 【答案】 B,(1)“影響”，通常指對身體、思想或情緒帶來不良影響。 Lei Feng has affected several generations of the youths in China. 雷鋒影響了中國的幾代年輕人。 His opinion will not affect my decision. 他的意見不會影響我的決定。,affect vt.影響；感動；侵襲,Cold weather has affected her health. 寒冷的天氣影響到她的健康。 (2)感動，觸動，相當(dāng)于move。 All the people in the room were affected to tears. 屋里所有人都感動得流了淚。 The story affected us deeply.這個(gè)故事深深地打動了我們。,(3)感染，侵襲，一般指感染疾病。 The disease is beginning to affect her eyesight. 該病逐漸侵襲到她的視力。 The doctors are trying their best to treat the affected patients. 醫(yī)生們正在盡力治療那些感染的病人。,affect與effect用法比較： 兩個(gè)詞都表示“影響”，但affect是動詞，而effect則是名詞，其常用短語為：have an effect on。 What the teacher said affected me greatly. What the teacher said had a great effect on me. 老師說的話對我影響很大。,9.The conference has been told to discuss the effects of tourism_the wildlife in the area. Ain Bon Cat Dwith 【解析】 由句中的effects可知，應(yīng)選擇on，表“對的影響”之意。 【答案】 B,10We always pay attention to the weather because it _us so directly what we wear，what we do and even how we feel. Abenefits Baffects Cconcludes Dattracts,【解析】 考查動詞辨析。句意為“我們總是很關(guān)注天氣的情況，因?yàn)樗苯佑绊懙轿覀兊闹b，我們所做的事情，甚至我們的感覺”。在此，affect是動詞，意為“影響”。benefit對有益；conclude得出結(jié)論；attract吸引，均不合句意。 【答案】 B,I recognised her voice over the phone. 我在電話里聽出她的聲音了。 He has changed so much that I can hardly recognise him. 他變化了這么多，以至于我?guī)缀跽J(rèn)不出他來。,recognise vt.認(rèn)出；辨出；承認(rèn)，認(rèn)可,He is recognised to be one of the greatest poets in the 20th century.他被公認(rèn)為是20世紀(jì)最偉大的詩人之一。 He didnt recognise that he had made a big mistake. 他沒有認(rèn)識到自己犯下了大錯。,know，recognise與realize用法比較： (1)know表示“知道某人”，也可以表示“熟悉”。 I have known him since I was a child.我從小就認(rèn)識他。,(2)recognise用來表示原來已認(rèn)識，而再次認(rèn)出之意，即know again。 I knew the boy several years ago，but now I can hardly recognise him. 幾年前我就認(rèn)識了那個(gè)男孩，但是現(xiàn)在我?guī)缀跽J(rèn)不出他了。,(3)realize側(cè)重指認(rèn)識上的覺醒，常譯為“意識到，明白”。 When he realized what happened，he was sorry. 當(dāng)他意識到所發(fā)生的事時(shí)，他感到抱歉。,11.Oh，its you.I_you. Ive just had my hair cut and Im wearing new glasses. Adidnt recognise Bhadnt recognised Chavent recognised Ddont recognize,【解析】 解答本題時(shí)要注意上下文，從上文its you可知“認(rèn)出”這個(gè)動作相對現(xiàn)在說是一個(gè)發(fā)生在過去的動作，故應(yīng)用一般過去時(shí)。 【答案】 A,Thieves broke into the store at night. 小偷在夜里闖入了這家商店。 As the presidents car arrived，the crowd broke into loud applause. 當(dāng)總統(tǒng)的汽車到達(dá)時(shí)，人群中爆發(fā)出了熱烈的掌聲。,break into破門而入，強(qiáng)行闖入；突然起來,break in打斷；闖入 break out爆發(fā)；突然發(fā)生 break away from脫離；打破 break down打掉；壞掉；失??；垮掉 break off折斷；突然停止；脫落；斷絕 break up打碎；拆散；分裂；分解；驅(qū)散,I was still sleeping when the fire broke out，and then it spread quickly.當(dāng)火災(zāi)發(fā)生時(shí)我正在睡覺，然后它快速蔓延開了。 He has broken down after many years hard work. 由于多年的勞累，他病倒了。 They quarreled with each other and their friendship broke up. 他們吵架了，友誼破裂了。,12.He hurried home，only to find his house_. Ahad broken into Bhas been broken into Cbroken into Dbeing broken into,【解析】 句意為：他匆匆忙忙回家，結(jié)果發(fā)現(xiàn)有人闖入過他的房子。從邏輯關(guān)系上分析，“房子”與“闖入”之間應(yīng)是邏輯上的被動關(guān)系，所以應(yīng)排除A項(xiàng)，而B項(xiàng)的錯誤之處在于它的時(shí)態(tài)錯誤。C、D兩項(xiàng)的不同之處在于前者表示動作已完成，后者表示動作正在進(jìn)行中。 【答案】 C,give up sth.to sb.把讓給/獻(xiàn)給某人 He was asked to give up smoking and drinking. 他被要求戒煙戒酒。 In the bus，the young should give up their seats to the old. 在公共汽車上，年輕人應(yīng)該把座位讓給老人。,give up放棄；讓給；停止,(1)give away失去；贈送；頒發(fā) Youve given away a good chance of winning the match. 你已失去了一個(gè)贏得比賽的良機(jī)。 He gave away all his money.他把所有的錢都送人了。 The mayor gave away the prizes at the sports meeting. 市長在運(yùn)動會上頒獎。,(2)give in投降；屈服 He has given in to my views.他順從了我的意見。 The mother gave in and bought a toy for her child. 拗不過孩子的要求，母親買了玩具給她的孩子。 (3)give off 放出(液體、氣體、霧、煙等) These wild flowers give off a nice smell. 這些野花散發(fā)出一股香味。,(4)give out發(fā)出(聲、光、電、熱、信號等)，分發(fā)；發(fā)表；用完，筋疲力盡(不及物動詞) The ship gave out radio signals for help before she sank. 那條船沉沒前向外發(fā)出了無線電求救信號。 His strength gave out after running such a long distance. 跑了這么遠(yuǎn)的距離，他筋疲力盡了。,13.(2010年黃岡檢測)The captain showed great perseverance and never_to disappointment，even when the ship sank. Agave off Bgave away Cgave way Dgave up 【解析】 考查動詞短語辨析。give way to sth.向屈服，符合語境。 【答案】 C,14(2009年安徽卷)We tried to find a table for seven，but they were all_. Agiven away Bkept away Ctaken up Dused up 【解析】 句意為：我們想找一張七個(gè)人坐的桌子，但(桌子)全都有人了。give away出賣，贈送；keep away遠(yuǎn)離；take up占據(jù)；use up用光。 【答案】 C,15(2008年江蘇卷)If a person has not had enough sleep，his actions will give him_during the day. Aaway Bup Cin Dback,【解析】 句意為：如果一個(gè)人沒有充足的睡眠，他的行為舉止總會顯露出來的。give away(不經(jīng)意地)泄露，符合句意，而give up放棄；give in屈服；give back歸還，均不符合題意。 【答案】 A,(1)sb./sth.be likely to do.(某人/物)可能 What makes you think Betty is not likely to succeed? 什么使得你認(rèn)為貝蒂不可能成功？,Drug users are more likely to get into trouble at school.在學(xué)校里吸毒者更可能陷入麻煩。,The headmaster is not likely to attend the meeting. 校長很可能會不來參加會議了。 Something is likely to happen at any time. 隨時(shí)都有可能發(fā)生什么事情。,(2)It is likely that.很可能 It is likely that he will be late. He is likely to be late.他可能會遲到。 It is very likely that my parents will not allow me to go. 我父母很可能不會讓我去。 It is highly likely that he will succeed.他非常可能成功。,16.John was_to win the 200­meter race，but he fell to the ground and missed the chance. Amaybe Bpossible Cprobable Dlikely 【解析】 maybe是副詞，只能作狀語，不能作表語，故排除，possible或probable作表語時(shí)，人不能作其主語。 【答案】 D,stop (prevent，keep) sb./sth.from doing阻止做 The heavy rain kept us from coming in time. 大雨使我們不能及時(shí)趕來。 He stopped the children from playing near the river. 他阻止孩子們在河邊玩耍。,The government put up the price of cigarettes so as to stop people buying them.,為了阻止人們購買香煙，政府提高了香煙價(jià)格。,Cant you prevent your dog coming into my garden? 你能不能不讓你的狗到我的花園里來？ No one can keep the plan from being carried out. 誰也不能阻止這個(gè)計(jì)劃的實(shí)施。,stop和prevent用于該結(jié)構(gòu)時(shí)，介詞 from可以省略，但在被動語態(tài)中不能省；keep 用于該結(jié)構(gòu)，任何時(shí)候都不能省略from。 You should prevent/stop him (from) telling lies. 你應(yīng)該阻止他說謊。 He was prevented by illness from taking the final exam. 他因病未能參加期末考試。,17.The guard _ him _ through the gate. Astopped；going Bkept；going Cprevented；went Dstopped；to go 【解析】 stop sb.(from) doing sth.阻止某人做某事；若選B項(xiàng)，應(yīng)在going前加上from。 【答案】 A,18If city noises _ from increasing，people _ shout to be heard even at dinner table 20 years from now. Aare not kept；have to Bdo not keep；have to Care not kept；will have to Ddo not keep；will have to,【解析】 noise與keep之間是被動關(guān)系，所以用被動語態(tài)；根據(jù)時(shí)間狀語，可知主句應(yīng)用一般將來時(shí)。 【答案】 C,19Yesterday she was prevented _ illness _ to work. Afor；from going Bby；going Cby；to go Dby；from going 【解析】 句意為“昨天，她因病未能去上班”。prevent用于被動語態(tài)中，介詞from不能省略。 【答案】 D,Whatever youre doing是由wh­ever引導(dǎo)的讓步狀語從句。此時(shí)由wh­ever引導(dǎo)的從句都可以換成no matter相應(yīng)的wh­疑問詞。,Whatever youre doing when you want to smokedo something else！,當(dāng)你想抽煙的時(shí)候，無論你在做什么做其他的事情！,Whatever (No matter what) I suggest，he always disagree with me.無論我提什么建議，他總是不同意。 Whatever you do，you mustnt break the law. 無論你做什么，你都不準(zhǔn)違法。 Whatever decision he made I would support it. 無論他作出什么決定我都會支持的。,whatever/whoever/whomever/whichever既可以引導(dǎo)狀語從句，也可引導(dǎo)名詞性從句，即主語從句、賓語從句、表語從句、同位語從句。 Help yourself to whatever you want.無論你想要什么都請自便。(whatever引導(dǎo)賓語從句。此時(shí)不能換成no matterwhat的形式) Whoever (No matter who) asks him for advice，he is always ready to help.不管誰來求助于他，他都樂于幫助。,20.(2009年全國卷)The lawyer seldom wears anything other than a suit_the season. Awhatever Bwherever Cwhenever Dhowever,【解析】 句意為：無論什么季節(jié)，這位律師除了一套西裝以外，很少穿其他的。whatever引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句，whatever the season即whatever the season is。wherever無論什么地方；whenever無論什么時(shí)候；however無論怎樣，均不符合語境要求。 【答案】 A,21(2008年上海卷)_well prepared you are，you still need a lot of luck in mountain climbing. AHowever BWhatever CNo matter DAlthough,【解析】 句意為：無論你做的準(zhǔn)備多么充分，在爬山時(shí)，你仍會需要很多運(yùn)氣。however well prepared you areno matter how well prepared you are，引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句。 【答案】 A,22(2007年山東卷)Could I speak to_is in charge of International Sales，please? Aanyone Bsomeone Cwhoever Dno matter who,【解析】 whoever在句中引導(dǎo)名詞性從句，作介詞to的賓語，whoever在從句中作主語；D項(xiàng)只能引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句。 【答案】 C,23(2006年山東卷)_team wins on Saturday will go through to the national championships. ANo matter what BNo matter which CWhatever DWhichever,【解析】 由句式結(jié)構(gòu)可知此空白處應(yīng)選擇連詞引導(dǎo)主語從句，且在主語從句中作team的定語使用，選項(xiàng)中只有whichever可同時(shí)具備這兩種功能。 【答案】 D,.單詞拼寫 1I r_ her by red hat at first sight. 【答案】 recognized 2They d_ sometimes，though they have been good friends for years. 【答案】 disagree,3Do you like Li Ning，a great g_ in China? 【答案】 gymnast 4The massacre (大屠殺) was a c_ against humanity. 【答案】 crime,5He felt it so_(危險(xiǎn)) that he stopped using the instrument at once. 【答案】 dangerous 6This medicine is p_.You can take it. 【答案】 powerful,7Is it_(非法) when the boss keeps back the workerssalary with no reasons? 【答案】 illegal 8The expert found a new _(醫(yī)療方法) for cancer. 【答案】 treatment,9I find it hard to work at home because there are too many _(分心) 【答案】 distractions 10Paul is not old enough.So he is _ (禁止) from driving. 【答案】 banned,.短語運(yùn)用 give away，refer to，become addicted to，belong to，die of，set a date for，think highly of，break the law，be likely to，so as to 11They havent _ their wedding. 【答案】 set a date for 12As an officer，he has never _ secrets to anyone. 【答案】 given away,13The world _ the 29th Olympics held in China. 【答案】 thought highly of 14We shouldnt just sit by while these people are _. 【答案】 breaking the law,15The text _ the events of last year. 【答案】 refers to 16It _have more rain this year. 【答案】 is likely to 17Nowadays more and more school children _computer games. 【答案】 became addicted to,18The house _ that old man was knocked down yesterday. 【答案】 belonging to 19He went to bed early so _get to the railway station before 400 tomorrow morning. 【答案】 so as to 20This kind of animals is in danger，because many of them have _ hunger. 【答案】 died of,.完成句子 21他等的時(shí)間太長開始不耐煩了。 He had waited for _ _ _ _that he became impatient. 【答案】 such a long time 22總統(tǒng)的汽車到達(dá)時(shí)，人群發(fā)出熱烈的掌聲。 As the presidents car arrived，the crowd _ _ loud applause. 【答案】 broke into,21他等的時(shí)間太長開始不耐煩了。 He had waited for _ _ _ _that he became impatient. 【答案】 such a long time 22總統(tǒng)的汽車到達(dá)時(shí)，人群發(fā)出熱烈的掌聲。 As the presidents car arrived，the crowd _ _ loud applause. 【答案】 broke into,24.你相信心臟病和吸煙有關(guān)系嗎？ Do you believe that_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _？ 【答案】 theres a connection between heart attack and smoking 25他不習(xí)慣在大庭廣眾下演講，因?yàn)檫@太使人尷尬了。 He_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ because its so embarrassing. 【答案】 is not used to making speeches in public,課時(shí)作業(yè) 點(diǎn)擊進(jìn)入鏈接,同學(xué)們,來學(xué)校和回家的路上要注意安全,同學(xué)們,來學(xué)校和回家的路上要注意安全,