(2009·天津高考)假設(shè)你是晨光中學(xué)的學(xué)生會主席李華。學(xué)生會將舉辦每年一度的英語演講比賽，本年度的主題為“The English Novel I Like Best”。作為組織者，你將在演講比賽開幕時發(fā)言，請你根據(jù)以下提示用英語寫一篇發(fā)言稿。,1.說明比賽的意義，如提高英語聽說能力，養(yǎng)成讀書的習(xí)慣等； 2.說明比賽的注意事項，如每人演講不超過5分鐘，語言流利，發(fā)音準確等； 3.預(yù)祝比賽圓滿成功。,注意：1.詞數(shù)不少于100； 2.可適當加入細節(jié)，以使行文連貫； 3.發(fā)言稿的開頭和結(jié)尾已為你寫好，不計入總詞數(shù)。 Good afternoon，ladies and gentlemen， Welcome to this year's English speech competition. Thank you！,Good afternoon，ladies and gentlemen， Welcome to this year's English speech competiton.The topic is “The English Novel I Like Best”.This activity is aimed at improving the students' ability of listening and speaking，and helping the students develop the habit of reading good books to benefit their imagination and creativity.,Every competitor should pay attention to the following requirements.First，each speech is limited within 5 minutes.Second，every competitor should speak fluent English with correct pronunciation.Third，while giving the English speech，one is not allowed to refer to the notes or read the speech.Therefore，all the competitors must be fully prepared to give the best performance.Finally，I wish this year's English speech competition a great success. Thank you！,.高頻單詞點擊 1.The heavy traffic crawled through the (窄的) tunnel.,2.You can't work here without a work (許可證).,3.My mother bought a (十二個) eggs.,4.I (瞄準) at the target but hit the wall.,5.They (使困惑)me with conflicting accounts of what happened.,narrow,permit,dozen,aimed,confused,6.The level of inflation has gone (超出) 8%.,7.A new crisis has (出現(xiàn)).,8.Some experts in this field think this helps make the system more (方便使用的).,9.Nothing will be done because no one in (權(quán)力， 權(quán)威) takes the matter seriously.,10.He can expect an early (釋放)from prison.,beyond,arisen,user­friendly,authority,release,.重點短語回顧 1. 阻塞,2. 連接，會合，聯(lián)合,3. 打折,4. 希望,5. 注意，注意到；關(guān)注,6. 更好地利用,7. 補償，彌補,8. 加速,choke off,link up,at a discount,in the hope that.,take notice of,make better use of,make up for,speed up,9. 沖掉，沖垮，沖走,10. 正修理中，在修建中,11. 乘渡輪，乘渡船,13. 由引起，由產(chǎn)生，起源于,14. 目的是，旨在，針對,wash away,under repair,by ferry,12. 除之外，包括,arise from,be aimed at,15. 兩個，兩三個，幾個,a couple of,in addition to,.常用佳句必備 1.As more advanced ways of digging tunnels were developed，the first railway tunnel under the River Thames was dug in 1884.,信息提取 as 在此處作連詞，引導(dǎo)的是一個時間狀語從句，意為“隨著，正當?shù)臅r候”。,例句仿寫 正當他過馬路時，我看見了他。 I saw him he the road.,as,was crossing,2.What do you think it was like travelling on it 100 years ago？,信息提取 本句是帶有插入語“do you think”的混合疑問句。,例句仿寫 你猜是誰把窗戶打破了？ Who broke the window？,do you guess,3.Not knowing which line to take，she turned to me for help.,信息提取 該句使用了現(xiàn)在分詞“not knowing”作原因狀語。,例句仿寫 他沒有找到錢包，不敢回家去。 ，he dare not go home.,Not having found the wallet,4.The number of road accidents and the deaths arising from those accidents has increased greatly over the past year.,信息提取 與“over the past 時間”狀語連用的謂語動詞常用現(xiàn)在完成時。,例句仿寫 這幾年來房價幾乎漲了一倍。 The price of housing virtually over the past few years.,has,doubled,5.破解疑難句,.交際用語必背 1.My brother could not decide the sum of money. 我的弟弟不能決定如何使用這筆錢。,2.John， my project. 約翰，我做的項目，請你過目。,how to spend,have a look at,3.Please when you have time. 你有空發(fā)電子郵件給我。,4.Please home early. 請?zhí)嵝阉琰c回家。,5.You it once in a while. 你需要隔一陣子就去檢查一下。,send me an e­mail,remind him to come,need to check,permit vt. & vi.允許，準許，許可 n.許可證；執(zhí)照；通行證,permitn./pron. 許可，容許某事物 permit sb.to do sth. 允許某人做某事 permit doing sth. 允許做某事,permission n. 允許，許可 with/without one's permission 在某人的準許下/未獲 得 的允許 ask for permission 請求允許,Father would not permit the waste of a single drop of water. 爸爸不允許浪費一滴水。 We do not in the room. 我們不允許在屋里吸煙。 I can't permit this to happen. 我不能容許這事發(fā)生。 They entered the area . 他們未經(jīng)許可擅自進入此地。,permit smoking,without permission,1.We have arranged to play tennis on Saturday， weather . A.permitted B.permitting C.to permit D.permit,解析：weather permitting“天氣允許的話”，此處為獨立主格結(jié)構(gòu)。,答案：B,dozen n.一打，十二個；十幾個，十來個；許多，好多,與具體的數(shù)字或a，many，several 等詞連用時，結(jié)構(gòu)為num.(a，many，several)dozen(復(fù)數(shù))n.。 num.dozenofthese/those/the/one's(復(fù)數(shù))n.。 dozens of表示不限定量，不與具體的數(shù)字連用。,He bought three dozen bottles of wine. 他買了36瓶酒。 I want these eggs. 我要五打這種雞蛋。 I went there dozens of times. 我去過那里幾十次了。,five dozen of,2.Shortly after the accident two police were sent to the spot to keep order. A.dozen of B.dozens of C.dozen D.dozens,解析：dozen和具體數(shù)字連用時，不加­s，一般也不和of連用。,答案：C,aim n.目標；目的vi.目的是，打算；瞄準，對準vt.將瞄準；將指向,achieve one's aim達到某人的目的；實現(xiàn)某人的目標 take aim at. 向瞄準 without aim 漫無目的地 with the aim of 目的是，懷著的目的,aim at 對瞄準；目的在于；旨在 be aimed at 目的是；旨在 aim for 致力，努力追求,In order to achieve this aim， we must learn from other countries. 為了實現(xiàn)這個目標，我們必須向別的國家學(xué)習(xí)。 We talked to him persuading him. 我們和他談話目的是想說服他。 He does everything .他做事都漫無目的。 These measures are aimed at preventing violent crime. 這些措施旨在防止暴力犯罪。,with the aim of,without aim,3.It is reported that the government has lightened the burden on the students. Oh，today we are still from heavy school work at preparing us for the entrance examination. A.suffering；aims B.suffered；aimed C.suffering；aimed D.suffered；aiming,解析：suffer from“苦于，遭受”；由句子的時態(tài)可知第一個空應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在分詞形式；第二個空應(yīng)用非謂語動詞作定語。,答案：C,confuse vt.使糊涂，使困惑；使混亂；混淆,(1)confuse A with/and B 把A與B混,confusing adj. 令人迷惑的 confused adj. (人感到)糊涂的，迷惑的 be/get confused with 對感到困惑,confusion n. 不確定，困惑 in confusion 迷惑地；困惑地； 處于混亂狀態(tài),They asked so many questions that they confused me. 他們問了許多問題， 都把我弄糊涂了。 I always Australia Austria. 我總是把澳大利亞同奧地利弄混。 The question is so hard， and we're getting confused with it. 這問題太難， 對此我們感到困惑。 When the earthquake occurred，everything was . 發(fā)生地震時，一切都亂作一團。,confuse,with,in confusion,4.There was a look on his face when he met with the problem. A.confusing；confuse B.confused；confusing C.confused；confused D.confusing；confused,解析：句意：當他遇到這個令人迷惑的問題時他臉上有迷惑的表情。confused“感到迷惑的”，confusing “令人迷惑的”。,答案：B,undertake vt.承擔(dān)，擔(dān)任；著手做，開始進行，從事,undertake a task 承擔(dān)任務(wù) undertake an attack 發(fā)動進攻 undertake to do sth. 答應(yīng)，承諾做某事,The lawyer undertook the case without a fee. 這位律師免費承辦那個案子。 She undertook responsibility for the changes. 她承擔(dān)了這些變革的責(zé)任。 He the job by Friday. 他答應(yīng)在星期五之前完成那項工作。,undertook to finish,5.The thirty­storey building is one of the most challenging engineering projects they have ever . A.undergone B.overtaken C.understood D.undertaken,解析：句意：這座三十層高的建筑是他們承接的最有挑戰(zhàn)性的工程項目之一。undergo“經(jīng)歷”；overtake“超過，趕超”；understand“理解”；undertake“承擔(dān)，從事”。D項符合句意。,答案：D,beyond prep.在之外，超出(某事物)范圍，超越；遲于或超出(某一時間)adv.在遠處，向遠處；在另一邊,beyond belief/doubt/recognition 難以置信/毫無疑問/認不出來 beyond description 無法形容 beyond/out of one's reach 夠不著，力所不及的 beyond one's wildest dreams 做夢也想不到的 beyond one's power 超出某人的能力 beyond one's control 無法控制 beyond one's comprehension 超出某人理解能力 beyond compare 無與倫比,They crossed the mountains and travelled to the valleys beyond. 他們越過群山， 到了那邊的山谷。 His story is . 他的話難以置信。 The play was dull beyond description. 那場戲無聊得難以形容。 The control of the children is going . 要管住孩子我實在無能為力。,beyond belief,beyond my power,6.Can he take charge of the computer company？ I'm afraid it's his ability. A.beyond B.within C.of D.to,解析：考查介詞。句意：“他能負責(zé)這個電腦公司嗎？” “恐怕這超出了他的能力”。be beyond“在遠處，超出，非所能及”；be of常用在“be ofvalue，use等抽象 名詞”中。根據(jù)Im afraid這一信息可知下句否定了上句， 故A項正確。,答案：A,load n.負荷，負載；裝載vt.裝載,take a load off ones mind 打消某人的顧慮 carry a heavy load 負重載 loads of(lots of)a load of 很多,load up with 把裝上 load.with. 用裝載 load sth.into/onto 把某物裝入/上,The good news has taken a load off my mind. 聽了這個好消息我就放心了。 This car can carry a load of 1 ton. 這輛汽車能載1噸重。 They the cart rice. 他們把米裝上大車。 Please help me these cases the car. 請幫助我把這些箱子裝到汽車上。,loaded,with,load,into,7.It was he who was under the of responsibility. A.burden B.load C.press D.control,解析：由句意可知，說的是“他擔(dān)負責(zé)任”，應(yīng)用load。burden“重負，重擔(dān)”；press“擠壓”；control“控制”。,答案：B,take notice of注意，注意到，關(guān)注,Don't take any notice of what they say. 別去理會他們說些什么。,take account of 考慮到，顧及 take charge of 負責(zé)，掌管 take control of 控制住，管住 take one's chance 碰運氣 take pride in 為感到自豪,The company takes account of environmental issues wherever possible. 只要有可能，這家公司總是盡量考慮到環(huán)境問題。 He the farm after his father's death. 父親去世后，他掌管了農(nóng)場。,took charge of,1.I hope you'll take of its absorption. A.notes B.notice C.attention D.notices,解析：句意：我希望你要注意(留意)它的吸收。take notice of，take note of均表示“注意”。take notes of把記錄下來。,答案：B,make up for補償，彌補,Hard work can make up for a lack of intelligence. 勤能補拙。 He drove faster to make up for lost time. 他加速駕駛以彌補損失的時間。,make up，make up for,(1)make up sth.指補上、補做耽誤了的事情。 (2)make up for sth.指用其他方式彌補，使平衡。,以練促記 用make up或make up for的正確形式填空 Do you think her beauty could her stupidity？ 你認為她的美麗能彌補她的愚蠢嗎？ Because you were ill，you will have to the final exam.你在期末考試時生病了，所以你得補考。,make up for,make up,2.I couldn't what he meant. A.make up B.make out C.make up for D.make of,解析：句意：我不明白他的意思。make out“理解，明白，看出”。make up“編造，組成，補上，補做耽誤了的事情”；make up for指用其他方式彌補，使平衡。,答案：B,speed up加速,speed by (時間)很快地過去，飛逝 be speeding 超速駕駛,pick up/gain speed 逐漸加速 at top/full speed 以最高/全速 at high/low speed 以高速/低速 at a speed of. 以速度,Once outside the station，the train began to pick up speed. 一出車站，火車就開始加速。 More haste，less speed.欲速則不達。 Forster was bundled into a waiting car and driven away . 福斯特被匆匆塞進一輛等候著的汽車，接著車以全速開走了。,at full speed,3.(2010·石家莊質(zhì)檢)You'd better fly somewhere in the west.Then you can a hire car and travel around. A.take up B.speed up C.pick up D.turn up,解析：考查動詞詞組辨析。句意：你最好乘飛機去西部，然后，租一輛汽車到各處觀光。take up“拿起，占據(jù)，接受，繼續(xù)”；speed up“加速”；pick up“撿起，學(xué)會，搭載”；turn up“出現(xiàn)，開大”。只有pick up符合語境。,答案：C,As more advanced ways of digging tunnels were developed，the first railway tunnel under the River Thames was dug in 1884. 隨著先進的挖掘隧道方法的改進，第一條在泰晤士河下的鐵路隧道于1884年開始動工。,此處as引導(dǎo)時間狀語從句。 As he grew older he lost interest in everything except gardening. 隨著年紀增大，他除了園藝業(yè)，對什么都失去了興趣。,as 用作連詞，可引導(dǎo)下列狀語從句： (1)引導(dǎo)時間狀語從句，強調(diào)主句謂語動詞與從句謂語動詞的同時性。 (2)引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句，“盡管”，“雖然”，“即使” (倒裝)。 (3)引導(dǎo)方式狀語從句，“以方式，按照”。 (4)引導(dǎo)原因狀語從句，“由于”，“因為”。 (5)引導(dǎo)比較狀語從句。 (6)引導(dǎo)定語從句，“正如，正像”。,Young as I am，I already know what career I want to follow. 盡管我年輕，我已知道我要從事什么事業(yè)。 Why didn't you catch the last bus ？ 你為什么沒像我告訴你的趕最后一班公交車？ As you were out，I left a message. 你不在，所以我留了一張字條。,as I told you to,1.The chief believes that stupid Dummy is， the name suggests，what he said makes perfect sense. A.though；which B.although；what C.as；as D.that；as,解析：句意：老板認為正如他的名字所表明的那樣，雖然他有點笨，但是他所說的話很有道理。由第一個空中的倒裝可判斷出，第一空應(yīng)用as或though，可排除選項B、D；第二個空應(yīng)用as，意為“正如”，as the name suggests是定語從句。,答案：C,Not knowing which line to take，she turned to me for help. 由于不知道該走哪一條線，她向我求助。,本句中not knowing.是現(xiàn)在分詞短語作原因狀語。 分詞在句中作狀語時，除了表時間和原因外，還可以表示伴隨、方式、結(jié)果、讓步、條件等。,in the big city，he had to turn to a policeman for help.(原因) 在大城市迷路了，他只好向警察求助。 The old man had to make a living by selling newspapers to passers­by.(方式) 老人只能通過賣報給路過的行人謀生。 The cup dropped to the ground， . (結(jié)果)杯子掉到地上，結(jié)果摔成了碎片。 Working hard at your lessons，you will succeed.(條件) 如果你努力學(xué)習(xí)，你考試就會及格。,Having lost his way,breaking into pieces,2.My sister，an inexperienced rider，was found sitting on the bicycle to balance it. A.having tried B.trying C.to try D.tried,解析：考查非謂語動詞作伴隨狀語。句意：我的妹妹是一個毫無經(jīng)驗的騎手，她被發(fā)現(xiàn)騎在自行車上，努力保持平衡。trying to balance it作sitting on the bicycle的伴隨狀語，表示主動與進行。,答案：B,.用所給詞的適當形式填空 1.My teacher found the (steal)bike beside the river.,答案：stolen,2.The bridge (build)now will be completed by the end of this year.,答案：being built,過去分詞和現(xiàn)在分詞,3. (realize)he was in danger，he was very frightened.,答案：Realizing,4.The film was really (excite).,答案：exciting,5. (live)in London for two years，we got used to the life there.,答案：Having lived,.單項填空 1.(2010·杭州教學(xué)檢測)Michael knew he would certainly get if he was late home. A.shout at B.to shout at C.shouted at D.to be shouted at,解析：句意：Michael知道如果他回家晚肯定會遭到指責(zé)的。故用“get過去分詞”結(jié)構(gòu)。,答案：C,2.(2010·杭州教學(xué)檢測)We spent 16 glorious days in August,2008 the athletes' joys and tears，and we were amazed at their ability. A.shared B.to share C.sharing D.share,解析：現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語表伴隨。,答案：C,3. for an hour，I suddenly remembered not having turned off the gas. A.Working B.Having worked C.To work D.Having been worked,解析：考查非謂語動詞作狀語的用法。句意：工作了一個小時以后，我突然記起還沒有關(guān)煤氣。根據(jù)句意，此非謂語動詞的動作先于謂語動詞的動作，可用現(xiàn)在分詞完成式或完成進行式。故選B。,答案：B,4.A harmonious society is like a symphony of orchestraeach person contributes a small sound，but when with other sounds，it becomes beautiful music. A.combining B.being combined C.combined D.to be combined,解析：考查非謂語動詞的用法。when后省略了it(a small sound)is，所以要用過去分詞表被動。,答案：C,5. Having finished the work， . A.it was almost six o'clock B.a postman came and delivered the evening paper and some letters C.supper had been already prepared D.we had a rest and then had supper,解析：現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語，其邏輯主語一般是句子的主語。,答案：D,6. that she was going off to sleep，I asked if she'd like that little doll on her bed. A.Seeing B.To see C.See D.Seen,解析：考查分詞作狀語。句意：看到她要去睡覺，我問她是否喜歡床上的玩具娃娃。此處要用現(xiàn)在分詞作時間狀語，它與主語I是主動關(guān)系。不定式位于句首通常作目的狀語，不合題意。,答案：A,7.With more and more new drugs ，doctors don't find it that difficult to treat patients. A.develop B.developed C.to develop D.being developed,解析：句意：有越來越多的新藥開發(fā)出來了，所以醫(yī)生發(fā)現(xiàn)治療病人并不是那么困難。此處要用過去分詞作賓補，表示被動與完成。C項表示將來；D項表示正在進行，這兩項都與句意不符。,答案：B,8.A driver is asked to keep his safety belt while on the highway. A.fastened； driving B.fastened； drive C.fasten ；driving D.fastening ；driving,解析：句意：司機在行駛時被要求系上安全帶。第一個空用過去分詞作賓補，與賓語safety belt是動賓關(guān)系，構(gòu)成“keep賓語賓補”句式；第二個空用現(xiàn)在分詞driving放在連接詞while后面，與主語是主動關(guān)系，且與主句謂語動詞是同時進行。,答案：A,.用所給詞的適當形式填空 1. English，he has to study French.,答案：In addition to,2.I bought a ticket and rode the underground four times.,答案：at a discount,in addition to，at a discount，arise from，make up for， speed up，in the hope that,3.I thought I could have a relaxing weekend to all my hard work.,答案：make up for,4.Can we begin by discussing matters the last meeting？,答案：arising from,5.We'd better if we want to be on time.,答案：speed up,6.Many skilled workers go abroad they can get better career opportunities.,答案：in the hope that,.完成句子 1.你該更好地利用你的時間，不能在考試前整天地學(xué)習(xí)。 You should not study all day long just before the exam， and you should .,答案：make better use of your time,2.我力圖補償我的損失。 I tried to my loss.,答案：make up for,3.這個通告旨在提高人們對此問題的認識。 This notice is people's awareness of the problem.,答案：aimed at increasing,4.我們應(yīng)該把理論和實踐聯(lián)系起來。 We should theory with practice.,答案：link up,5.規(guī)則不允許運動員們踏出界外。 The rules do not out of bounds.,答案：permit players to step,.易錯繡場 1. ，he talks a lot about his favourite singers after class. A.A quiet student as he may be B.Quiet student as he may be C.Quiet as he may be a student D.As he may be a quiet student,解析：as引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句時，句子需倒裝，通常把句中狀語、表語或動詞提前，若表語是名詞，其前不加冠詞。,答案：B,2.A good many proposals were raised by the delegates， was to be expected. A.that B.what C.so D.as,解析：句意：正如所料，代表們提出了許多建議。as引導(dǎo)定語從句，代指上文的內(nèi)容。,答案：D,3.The sad mother sat on the roadside，shouting she was crying. A.if B.as C.when D.while,解析：句意：這位傷心的媽媽坐在路邊，邊哭邊叫。as“一邊，一邊”。,答案：B,4.Jenny was very sad over the loss of the photos she had shot in Canada， this was a memory she especially treasured. A.as B.if C.when D.where,解析：句意：詹妮對于她在加拿大拍攝的照片的丟失感到非常傷心，因為這是她特別珍視的一段記憶。四個選項中只有連詞 as 可以表示因果關(guān)系。,答案：A,5.Do you're told，otherwise you'll be in trouble. A.which B as C.that D.how,解析：句意：叫你怎么做就怎么做，否則有麻煩。as引導(dǎo)方式狀語從句，意為“按照”。,答案：B,同學(xué)們,來學(xué)校和回家的路上要注意安全,同學(xué)們,來學(xué)校和回家的路上要注意安全,