Module 5 A Lesson in a lab,必修一,學時1高頻單詞,學時2 重點短語,學時3 經(jīng)典句型,學時4 語法講練,晨詠品韻熟背佳作,(2010年高考全國卷) 假設(shè)你是育才中學學生會主席李華。你校將舉辦一次英語演講比賽(speech contest)，希望附近某大學的外籍教師Smith女士來做評委。請參照以下比賽通知給她寫一封信。,英語演講比賽 主題：人與自然 時間：6月15日下午200500 地點：501教室 參賽選手：10名學生 聯(lián)系人：李華(電話44876655) 歡迎大家光臨,注意：詞數(shù)100左右。 Dear Ms. Smith， _ _ _ With best wishes， Li Hua,(書信類) Dear_Ms._Smith， I'm Li Hua, the chair of the Students' Union of Yucai Middle School, which is close to your university: I'm writing to invite you to be a judge at our English speech contest which will be held in our school on June 15. It will start at 200 pm and last for about three hours. Ten students will deliver their speeches on the given topic “Man and Nature”.,We hope that you will accept our invitation if it is convenient for you. Please call me at 44876655 if you have any questions. I'm looking forward to your reply. With_best_wishes， Li_Hua,走進教材刨根問底兒,學時1 高頻單詞,自主學習 寫一寫 1electricity n電 2conclusion n結(jié)論 3equipment n設(shè)備；裝備 4boil vt.煮；煮沸 5lecture n演講,拓一拓 1expand vi.膨脹expansion n擴大；膨脹 2mixture n混合物mix vt.混合 3aim n. & v目標；以為目標aimless adj.漫無目的的 4react vi.(化學)反應reaction n反應,5balance n天平；平衡balanced adj.平衡的 6astonished adj.吃驚的；驚愕的astonishing adj.令人吃驚的astonish vt.使吃驚astonishment n驚奇,填一填 1After taking the medicine, please drink more boiled(煮沸的) water. 2As a child he aimed(目標在于) to earn more money to cure his mother of lung cancer. 3In order to prevent the disease, we should form(形成) good health habits.,4Can you see a boat floating(漂浮) in the water? 5We have bought a lot of latest equipment(設(shè)備；裝備),師生互動 考點1 conclusion n結(jié)論；結(jié)束；協(xié)議 【課文如是】 conclusion(教材P44) conclusion作“結(jié)束，結(jié)尾”講時常用單數(shù)，用作“結(jié)論”講時為可數(shù)名詞，用作“協(xié)議，締結(jié)”講時為不可數(shù)名詞。,draw/come to/arrive at/reach a conclusion得出結(jié)論 make a conclusion 下結(jié)論 bring.to a conclusion 使結(jié)束 in conclusion 最后，作為結(jié)論地；總之 conclude v. 斷定，結(jié)束 conclude with. 以結(jié)束,【從容應對】 (1)你從證據(jù)中得到了什么結(jié)論？ _ _ do you draw from the evidence? 答案：What conclusion (2)最后，我祝大家健康長壽。 _ conclusion, I wish all of you good health and a long life. 答案：In,考點2 react v回應，起作用，起反應 【課文如是】 Which of the metals in the table reacts the most with oxygen and water? 表格中的金屬哪一個與氧氣和水反應最厲害？(教材P44),reaction n 反應 react to 對作出反應 react with 與起(化學)反應 react against 反對；反抗 react on/upon 對有影響,【從容應對】 改錯： (1)The public reacted strongly for the news. 答案：forto (2)Applause can react greatly to a speaker. 答案：toon/upon,考點3 aim v. & n瞄準，目的，目標,take aim at 瞄準，對準；致力于 achieve/attain one's aim 達到目的 miss one's aim 打不中目標；達不到目的 aim at 瞄準，對準；目的在于 be aimed at 針對；目的是；旨在 aim at doing sth.aim to do sth. 致力于/打算做某事,【從容應對】 (1)目標中所有的事現(xiàn)在都實現(xiàn)了。 Everything _ _ has now been achieved. 答案：aimed at,(2)這場反吸煙運動主要是針對青少年的。 The anti­smoking campaign _ mainly _ _ teenagers. 答案：is; aimed at,考點4 ordinary adj.普通的，平常的 【課文如是】 The nails rust in the tube with ordinary water. 在有普通水的試管里的鐵釘生銹。(教材P45),ordinary­looking 相貌平平的；長相普通的 in the ordinary way 在一般情況下；通常 out of the ordinary way 特殊的；例外的； 不尋 常的,【比較網(wǎng)站】 ordinary, common, usual, normal (1)ordinary普通的；平常的；平凡的。指在標準上與一般物質(zhì)相同，強調(diào)“平?！倍鵁o奇特之處。 (2)common常見的；普通的；共存的。指許多事物具有某種共同點而“不足為奇”。,(3)usual通常的；慣常的；慣例的。指依照慣例來判斷有“遵循常規(guī)”之意。 (4)normal正常的；合乎標準的。指人或物符合常態(tài)或常規(guī)。,【從容應對】 用ordinary, usual, common, normal填空： (1)He is out of the _ among the children. 答案：ordinary (2)The plants are _ here. 答案：common,(3)It is _ for him to go back home late. 答案：usual (4)His temperature was two degrees above _. 答案：normal,【又見高考】 (2010·福建高考)Drunk driving, which was once a _ occurrence, is now under control. A. general B. frequent C. normal D. particular 答案：B,考查形容詞。句意：酒后駕車在過去曾經(jīng)是經(jīng)常發(fā)生的事情，現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)被控制住了。general“普遍的，全面的；總體的，整體的”；frequent“時常發(fā)生的，常見的”；normal“正常的”；particular“特殊的，特別的，特有的”。故選B項。,對點訓練 1Jack is late again. It is _ of him to keep others waiting. A. normal B. ordinary C. common D. typical 答案：D,句意：杰克又遲到了。讓別人等他是他典型的特點。typical典型的；normal正常的，正規(guī)的；ordinary普通的，平常的；common共同的；常見的。從of him斷定是說Jack的品行，只有typical符合題意。,2(2009·山東威海質(zhì)檢)_， I'd like to say how much I've enjoyed staying in your beautiful country. A. To conclude B. To conclude C. In conclusion D. As conclusion 答案：C 句意：最后，我想說我非常愿意待在你們這個美麗的國家。,3You should read the _ carefully before you sign it. A. contrast B. contact C. contract D. conflict 答案：C 考查詞義辨析。A“比對”，B“接觸”，C“合同”，D“沖突”，故選C?！昂灪贤澳阍撜J真讀合同內(nèi)容”。,4David _ from the analysis of the traffic accident that it had been caused by human error. A. announced B. acknowledged C. concluded D. considered 答案：C 考查動詞辨析。A“宣布”，B“承認”，C“推論”，D“認為”，“他從交通事故中推出結(jié)論，這是由人為的過錯引起的”，故選C。,5The football player reacted _ the judge's decision by withdrawing from the match. A. on B. to C. against D. by 答案：C 考查動詞詞組，react against“反對”。,學時2 重點短語,自主學習 寫一寫 1react_with 與反應 2put.in_order 使整齊，使有條理 3do/make_an_experiment 做實驗 4keep.out_of 防止進入 5follow_one's_instructions 聽從某人的指導 6in_the_area_of 在領(lǐng)域,填一填 1Please add some salt to(往加入) the soup. 2We got on the bus in turn(依次地) 3The teacher is proud of(以而自豪) us. 4The new laws are supposed to(認為應該) prevent crime.,師生互動 考點1 add.to往加入 【課文如是】 Add some oil to the water. 往水中加一些油。(教材P45),add to 增添，增加 add in 包括；計算在內(nèi) add up sth.add sth. up 合計；加起來 add up to 總計；總共 add that 又補充道,【從容應對】 用add及其短語的適當形式填空： (1)The trees planted after the war _ _ the beauty of the city. 答案：added to (2)This is not only necessary, but it also _ variety _ our teaching. 答案：adds; to,(3)His whole school education _ _ _ no more than one year. 答案：added up to,考點2 keep.out of防止進入，不讓靠近 【課文如是】 This will keep air out of the water. 這樣就使得空氣不能進入水中。(教材P45),keep out 當心，(使)留在外面 keep (sb.) away (from sth.) 使(某人)離開(某物) keep sb. from doing sth. 阻止某人做某事 keep back阻止，抑制；留(扣)下；忍住(眼淚)；隱瞞 keep sth. in mind 記住(某事物) keep in touch with 與保持聯(lián)系 keep (on) doing sth. 繼續(xù)做某事 keep off 遠離，避開，讓開 keep up 保持，維持 keep up with 跟上，不落在后面,從容應對】 (1)你最好不要卷入別人的糾紛中去。 You'd better _ yourself _ _ other people's quarrels. 答案：keep; out of,(2)他懇求警察不要在報紙上披露他的名字。 He begged the police to _ his name _ _ the papers. 答案：keep; out of,【又見高考】 (2010·福建高考)We've just moved into a bigger house and there's a lot to do. Let's _ it. A. keep up with B. do away with C. get down to D. look forward to 答案：C,考查動詞短語辨析。句意：我們剛搬進一座大點兒的房子里，有很多事情要做。咱們趕快著手去做吧。keep up with“跟上，不落后”；do away with“廢除，消滅，去掉”；get down to“開始認真處理，對待”；look forward to“期望，盼望”。故選C項。,考點3 used to(過去)常常 【課文如是】 I never used to enjoy science, but last year I changed schools, and the science teachers at my new school are excellent. 我過去從未喜歡過理科，但是去年我轉(zhuǎn)學了，我新學校的理科教師都非常優(yōu)秀。(教材P49),be used to do被用來做 be used to doing習慣于 (1)used to表示過去經(jīng)常發(fā)生的動作或存在的狀態(tài)，暗 含現(xiàn)在不再這樣。 (2)used to的否定式有兩種，即：used not to do和did not use to do。疑問式也有兩種，即：Used主語to do.？和 Did主語use to do.？ get used to doing習慣于 get used to sth.習慣于 be used as被用作,【比較網(wǎng)站】 used to, would 二者均含有過去常做某事的意義。前者暗含與現(xiàn)在情況的比較，強調(diào)現(xiàn)在不那樣了；后者單純指過去常做某事，不含與現(xiàn)在比較的意思。,【從容應對】 (1)過去他是一名醫(yī)生，但現(xiàn)在他是一名作家。 He _ _ be a doctor, but now a writer. 答案：used to,(2)幼時我經(jīng)常坐在我家房前的大樹下。 I _ sit under a big tree in front of my house as a boy. 答案：would,考點4 be supposed to應當，理應 【課文如是】 I am going to try to go to either Montreal or Ottawa University, as both are supposed to have good Physics Departments. 我要盡量去上蒙特利爾大學或渥太華大學，因為這兩所學校都有很好的物理系。(教材P49),(1)suppose作及物動詞，意為“認為，想”。后可接從句， 還可接不定式的復合結(jié)構(gòu)。 作及物動詞時，意為“假定，設(shè)想”，有時還可用來提出建 議，表示“怎么樣”，多用于祈使句，后面的從句多用虛擬 語氣形式should do，有時should可以省略。 (2)be supposed to do表示“應該，應當”。不定式有時可 用完成時或進行時。 (3)suppose/supposing引起條件狀語從句，相當于if的 作用，意為“如果，假設(shè)”。,It is supposed that.認為,【從容應對】 (1)坐車時每個人都應該系安全帶。 Everyone _ _ _ wear a seat belt in the car. 答案：is supposed to,(2)一般都認為此事不會再發(fā)生。 _ _ generally _ _ it would not happen again. 答案：It was; supposed that,對點訓練 1Travel can not only relax us from the pressure of work for a while but _ our knowledge of the world. A. bring out B. add to C. add up to D. increase to 答案：B,考查動詞詞組。add to our knowledge of the world意思是“增加我們對世界的了解”。add to“增加，加大”，符合語意。bring about“導致，引起”，add up to“總計”，increase to“(數(shù)量)增加到”，均不符合語意。,2In my opinion, life in the twenty­first century is much easier than _. A. that used to be B. it is used to C. it was used to D. it used to be 答案：D 表示“過去常?！庇胾sed to do.，并且本題中動詞原形be不能省略。,3The message is very important, so it is supposed _ as soon as possible. A. to be sent B. to send C. being sent D. sending 答案：A be supposed to do sth.表示“理應做某事”，是習慣搭配，而且send與the message之間是邏輯上的動賓關(guān)系，故須用被動語態(tài)形式。,4I warned Bill to _ trouble while I'm away. A. keep out of B. keep out C. keep away D. keep back 答案：A 句意：我警告比爾，在我外出時不要惹麻煩。keep out of“不要惹，避開”；keep out“不讓入內(nèi)，擋住”；keep away“站開，離開”；keep back“阻止，隱瞞，扣留”。,5In the evening the car broke down suddenly and the heavy rain _ the helplessness of the girl driver on the country road. A. resulted from B. made up C. turned out D. added to 答案：D A“由于”；B“組成，編造”；C“證明是”；D“增加”。“大雨增添了無助”，故選D。,學時3 經(jīng)典句型,自主學習 句型填空 1It is difficult to finish the task in such a short period of time. 在這么短的時間內(nèi)完成任務很困難。 2Here comes the bus. Let's hurry! 車來了，我們快點！,師生互動 考點1 It isadj.to do sth. 【課文如是】 It is hard to think of a world without metals. 很難想像一個沒有金屬的世界。(教材P44) it為形式主語，真正的主語是不定式短語to think of.，構(gòu)成It is/wasadj.to do sth.的結(jié)構(gòu)。,(1)It beadj.for sb. to do sth.對某人來說干某事是 的。(其中的形容詞用來說明不定式to do sth.的性質(zhì) 和特點) It beadj.of sb. to do sth.干某事對某人來說是 的。(其中的形容詞用來說明sb.的性格、品行或性質(zhì)) (2)It beadj./n.that­clause It be no good/use doing sth.,【從容應對】 改錯： (1)It is necessary of you to go there. 答案：offor (2)It was foolish for you to do such a thing. 答案：forof (3)It is no use to quarrel with him. 答案：to quarrelquarrelling,【又見高考】 (2010·浙江高考)It is uncertain_side effect the medicine will bring about, although about two thousand patients have taken it. A. that B. what C. how D. whether 答案：B,考查主語從句，“It isadj.從句”結(jié)構(gòu)。句意：盡管大約有兩千名病人已經(jīng)服用了這種藥物，但是它會產(chǎn)生什么樣的副作用現(xiàn)在還不能確定。根據(jù)句意可知應該選擇B項引導主語從句，what在這里實際上是作為形容詞來修飾后面的“side effect(副作用)”。,考點2 here開頭的倒裝句 【課文如是】 Here is a table with the metals that react most at the top. 這兒有一張圖表，那些反應最強烈的金屬在最上面(教材P44),這是一個倒裝句，正常語序是：A table with.is here.在 學習的過程中我們要注意： (1)在there， here引導的句子中，謂語動詞是be， exist 等表示狀態(tài)的不及物動詞時，句子要全部倒裝。 (2)在there， here， now， then， thus等開頭的句子里，謂 語動詞是come， go， follow等且主語是名詞時，句子要全部倒 裝。 (3)在here， there引導的句子中，當主語是代詞時，不倒 裝，且此類句子不用進行時。,【從容應對】 (1)快，公共汽車來了。準備好錢了嗎？ Quick, _ _ _ _. Have you got the right money? 答案：here comes the bus,(2)她在這兒呢，藏在簾子后面。 Here _ _， hiding behind the curtains. 答案：she is,【又見高考】 (2010·江蘇高考)Is everyone here? Not yet.Look, there _ the rest of our guests! A. come B. comes C. is coming D. are coming 答案：A,考查倒裝語序。當表示方位的副詞there, here, away, out, in, down, up等位于句首，謂語是不及物動詞sit, lie, live, stand, run, come, go等，主語又是名詞時，常用完全倒裝的形式。由于該句主語the rest指代guests是復數(shù)，所以應選A項。,對點訓練 1(2010·陜西高考)John opened the door. There _ he had never seen before. A. a girl did stand B. a girl stood C. did a girl stand D. stood a girl 答案：D,考查倒裝句。句意：約翰打開門，看到門外站著一個他以前從未見過的女孩。當表示方位的副詞there, here, away, out, in, down, up等位于句首，并且謂語動詞是不及物動詞sit, live, stand, run, come, go等，主語為名詞時，常用完全倒裝的形式。此句正常語序為“A girl he had never seen before stood there.”。故D項正確。,2(2009·天津高考)It is obvious to the students_they should get well prepared for their future. A. As B. which C. whether D. that 答案：D,句意：學生們都很清楚他們應該為他們的將來做好準備。題中it作形式主語，that引導的從句作真正的主語。that在名詞性從句中不充當成分，只起連接作用。,3_ is not necessary for you to have told her about the bad news. A. Three B. It C. That D. This 答案：B It isadj.for sb. to do sth.是固定句型，it作形式主語。,4There _ a tall pine tree at the top of the hill. A. stand B. stands C. is standing D. does stand 答案：B 句意：山頂上有一棵高高的松樹。there, here等副詞位于句首，且句子的主語為名詞時用倒裝。句子的時態(tài)多用一般現(xiàn)在時或一般過去時。,學時4 語法講練,師生互動 形容詞和副詞比較級的用法 1表示一方超過另一方時，用“比較級than”的結(jié)構(gòu)表示。 This picture is more beautiful than that one. 這張圖片比那一張更好看。,模塊語法：形容詞和副詞的比較級,2表示一方不及另一方時，用“l(fā)ess原級than”結(jié)構(gòu)表示。 This car is less expensive than that one. 這輛轎車不如那輛昂貴。,3可修飾比較級的詞：rather, any, a great deal, even, a lot, a bit, a little, still, much, far, yet, by far等。 This problem is a bit harder than that one. 這個問題比那一個難。,4表示一方隨另一方的程度變化而變化時，用“the比較級，the比較級”結(jié)構(gòu)，意為“越就越”。 The harder you study, the more progress you'll make. 你越努力，取得的進步就越大。,5表示本身程度的改變時，用“比較級and比較級”結(jié)構(gòu)。 The weather is getting colder and colder. 天氣越來越冷了。,對點訓練 1(2010·全國)Mr. Black is very happy because the clothes made in his factory have never been _. A. popular B. more popular C. most popular D. the most popular 答案：B,考查形容詞的用法。根據(jù)主句的意思“Mr. Black非常高興”可知，他們廠生產(chǎn)的服裝應該是“很受歡迎的”，否定詞與形容詞或副詞的比較級連用表示最高級的概念。,2(2010·江西高考)Computers and mobile phones, though they are indeed making our life _ and more _， have reduced the need for face­to­face communications. A. easily; efficient B. easier; efficient C. easy; efficiently D. easily; efficiently 答案：B,考查形容詞。句意：計算機和電腦雖然的確在使我們的生活變得更便捷更高效但這些東西已減少了面對面交流的需要了。make our life easier and more efficient使我們的生活更便捷更高效。reduce the need for減少的需要。,3Internet is a useful tool in our daily life, but it shouldn't take the place of our _ life. A. original B. natural C. exact D. real 答案：D 考查形容詞辨析。網(wǎng)絡(luò)在我們的日常生活中是一個有用的工具，但它不能代替我們真實的生活。real“真實的，真正的”，符合語意。,4Grain eaten by country people is _ the fruit and vegetables they eat. A. the twice weight of B. twice the weight of C. as twice heavy as D. twice as heavier as 答案：B 考查倍數(shù)表達法。語意：鄉(xiāng)下人所吃的糧食是他們所吃水果和蔬菜的兩倍之多。表示兩倍之多(重)可用“twice as heavy as.”或“twice the weight of.”結(jié)構(gòu)。,5You're driving too fast. Can you drive _？ A. more slowly a bit B. slowly a bit more C. a bit more slowly D. slowly more a bit 答案：C,此題考查形容詞和副詞比較級的用法。形容詞或副詞的比較級可以用a bit, a little, a lot, far, even, still, any, much等來修飾，且slowly的比較級形式是在其前加more，所以答案為C項。,整合教材走向成熟,.詞匯運用 1I have nothing to _(補充) to my earlier statement. 答案：add 2It was a campaign with the _(目標) of helping victims of crime. 答案：aim,3The sea is very big. It covers _ _(四分之三) of the globe. 答案：three quarters 4How did he _(反應) your suggestion? 答案：react to 5According to expert opinions, they gave up the _(試驗) immediately. 答案：experiment,.短語運用 1You _ ask the teacher if you want to leave the classroom. 答案：are supposed to,used to， aimed at， add up to， keep out of， put.in order， keep one's balance， be supposed to(有兩個選項為多余選項),3All the money I had _ no more than one hundered dollars. 答案：added up to 4Books should _ again after you have finished reading them. 答案：be put in order,5Life now is much better than it _ be. 答案：used to,.易錯補練 1It is not immediately clear _ the financial crisis will soon be over. A. since B. what C. When D. whether 答案：D,這是it作形式主語的名詞性從句。句意為：金融危機是否會很快結(jié)束不會立刻明朗的。若主語從句中去掉soon，也可以選C項，即“金融危機什么時候會結(jié)束”；what在從句中沒法與其他成分搭配；since自從以來，不合句意。,2My uncle's house in the downtown area is much smaller than ours, but it is twice _ expensive. A. as B. so C. too D. very 答案：A but分句實際上是一個省略句，補充完整為：but it is twice as expensive as ours。,3Hearing the dog barking fiercely, away _. A. fleeing the thief B. was fleeing the thief C. the thief was fleeing D. fled the thief 答案：D,away置于句首且主語是名詞時，句子應用全部倒裝語序。A項不是完整的句子；B項倒裝語序不正確；C項是正常語序，此三項可排除。 4Life isn't so easy here as it _ be. A. was used to B. used to C. was to D. use to 答案：B 指過去用used to。,5I _ with all the windows closed now. A. am used to sleep B. am used to sleeping C. used to sleeping D. used to sleep 答案：B be used to doing sth.“習慣做”，根據(jù)句意知“現(xiàn)在習慣于關(guān)窗睡覺”，故選B。,.語法專練 1(2010·北京朝陽統(tǒng)考)With the speedup of the railway, now you can get to your destination _ by train. A. fast B. faster C. fastest D. the fastest 答案：B,句意：由于火車的提速，現(xiàn)在你可以更快地到達目的地。根據(jù)題中“with the speedup of the railway”可知，題中隱含現(xiàn)在與過去的對比，所以應該用副詞fast的比較級，答案為B項。,2(2010·重慶南開中學月考)The weather isn't good enough for an outing, is it? Not in the least. We can't have _ at this time of the year. A. a nicer day B. a worse day C. a worst day D. so fine a day 答案：B,此題考查用形容詞比較級的形式表達最高級概念的用法。題中“not in the least”相當于“not at all”，意思是“一點也不，根本不”，由此可知說話人的意思是說天氣不好，所以應該排除A項和D項；此外，題中是將今天的天氣和過去的任何一天的天氣作比較，所以應該用比較級的形式來表達最高級的含義，所以答案為B項。,3(2009·北京東城期末)After two years' careful study, we now have a _ better understanding of the cause of the problem. A. very B. much C. fairly D. quite 答案：B,句意：經(jīng)過兩年的仔細研究，現(xiàn)在我們對這個問題的起因有了一個更好的了解。形容詞和副詞的比較級前可用一些副詞來修飾，如：much, far, still, even, a little等，所以答案為B項，其他選項只能用來修飾形容詞或副詞的原形。題中用到的短語為have a good understanding of.，意思是“對熟知或了解”。,4(2010·上海金山中學一模)The boy can speak English _ his elder brother, and his written work is just _ excellent. A. as good as; than B. as easy as; than C. as well as; as D. as fluent as; as 答案：C,此題考查的結(jié)構(gòu)為：as形容詞/副詞(原級)as。第一空需要副詞修飾動詞speak，所以用well；題中后半句省略了“as his”，答案為C項。,5(2010·四川成都七中診斷)Boys are supposed to have at least a high school education to adapt to the present society, and the more college courses they have, _. A. the better B. the worse C. the less D. the fewer 答案：A,根據(jù)題干可知此處要表達的意思是，孩子們大學里學的課程越多越好，所以應該選擇A項。此題考查固定結(jié)構(gòu)“the形容詞或副詞的比較級，the形容詞或副詞的比較級”，表示“越越”。,走出教材對接高考,課時作業(yè)（五）,同學們,來學校和回家的路上要注意安全,同學們,來學校和回家的路上要注意安全,同學們,來學校和回家的路上要注意安全,同學們,來學校和回家的路上要注意安全,