晨練時(shí)刻,句型品味,1Man and nature are interactive. Sure, people can live in harmony with nature. 2Technology has both positive and negative effects on natural environment. 3Disappearing forests, drying rivers, polluted soil and worsening climate have punished human beings. 4Preserving nature is not only preserving our home, but the civilization of human community as well.,晨練時(shí)刻,句型品味,5.It is found that warmer weather is causing many kinds of wildlife to leave their native environments. 6Many wild animals are in danger of extinction, because the environment they are used to living in has changed greatly. 7People hunt and kill wild animals for many reasons, one of which is for their valuable furs. 8Only if we human beings take some measures can wild animals be protected.,晨練時(shí)刻,句型品味,9No hunting is permitted here. 10The new study shows a twenty percent decrease of antelope(羚羊)over the past thirty years.,晨練時(shí)刻,典例朗讀,“神州七號(hào)”的成功發(fā)射引起了人們對(duì)太空探索話題的激烈爭論。請(qǐng)你以“The Advantages and Disadvantages of Space Exploration”為題寫一篇英語短文，闡述表格中的兩種觀點(diǎn)，并簡要地談?wù)勀銈€(gè)人的看法。,晨練時(shí)刻,典例朗讀,注意： 1短文必須包括所列內(nèi)容，但不要逐字逐句翻譯。 2詞數(shù)120左右。 _,晨練時(shí)刻,典例朗讀,One possible version： The Advantages and Disadvantages of Space Exploration There are several advantages of space exploration. First of all, it could provide new places to live in for human beings. And it is likely that new energy sources will be discovered. In addition, space exploration helps people understand the universe better, which benefits research in other fields.,晨練時(shí)刻,典例朗讀,However, the disadvantages are obvious. Firstly, space exploration costs too much while the money could be spent on other projects. Secondly，the idea of human beings living on other planets seems unrealistic. Whats more, space exploration could be dangerous.,Unit 19 Language 語 言,考綱知識(shí)預(yù)覽,重點(diǎn)單詞,1 n. 不存在；缺乏 adj. 缺席的，不在場的；心不在焉的 2 vt. 達(dá)到；獲得 n. 獲得；實(shí)現(xiàn) 3 vt. 環(huán)繞，圍繞 adj. 附近的，周圍的 n. 環(huán)境；周圍的事物 4 adj. 足夠的，充分的 adv. 足夠地；充分地 n. 足夠，勝任,adequately,absence,absent,attain,attainment,surround,surrounding,adequate,adequacy,surroundings,考綱知識(shí)預(yù)覽,5 vt. 確保，保證 (同義詞) 6 vt. 調(diào)節(jié)；調(diào)整 n. 調(diào)整，校正 adj. 可調(diào)節(jié)的 7 vt. 告知；通知 n. 通知；消息 8 vt. 祝賀 n. 祝賀 9 adj. 不知不覺的；無意的 adj. (反義詞)意識(shí)到；注意到 adv. 無意識(shí)地,ensure,insure,adjust,adjustment,adjustable,inform,information,congratulate,congratulation,unconscious,conscious,unconsciously,考綱知識(shí)預(yù)覽,10 vt. 像；與相似 n. 類似，相似 11 vt. 談判；協(xié)商 n. 談判，協(xié)商 12 n. 冒犯；得罪 v冒犯 adj. 冒犯的，令人難堪的 13 n. 贊成；贊許 v. 贊同，贊許 adj. 批準(zhǔn)的，核準(zhǔn)的，認(rèn)可的 adj. 贊同的，贊許的,resemble,negotiation,negotiate,resemblance,offence,offend,offensive,approval,approve,approved,approving,考綱知識(shí)預(yù)覽,14 n申請(qǐng)人 v. 申請(qǐng)；適用 n. 申請(qǐng) 15 vt.使窘迫 adj. 難堪的，尷尬的,applicant,apply,application,embarrass,embarrassed,考綱知識(shí)預(yù)覽,1 取得成功 2 以的形式出現(xiàn)(存在) 3 學(xué)會(huì) 4 很久；很長時(shí)間 5 由組成 6 不管，不顧 7 如果；條件是,高頻短語,get ahead,take the form of,catch on,for ages,consist of,regardless of,provided that,考綱知識(shí)預(yù)覽,8 我肯定 9 與有聯(lián)系 10 突出；出色；堅(jiān)持抵抗 11 記住 12 故意地,I bet,be associated with,stand out,keep.in mind,on purpose,考綱知識(shí)預(yù)覽,1 as early as the 1700s English would one day be the global language and that has proved to be the case in the last few decades. 早在十八世紀(jì)人們就預(yù)言英語有朝一日會(huì)成為全球性的語言，而這一點(diǎn)在過去的幾十年里已得到了應(yīng)驗(yàn)。,?？季湫?It was predicted that,that,考綱知識(shí)預(yù)覽,2This can reading and listening materials which must . 它可以以閱讀和聽力材料的形式存在，但這些材料必須具有最高的質(zhì)量。,take the form of,highest quality,be of the,考綱知識(shí)預(yù)覽,3Quality input ensures quality output， . 無論是口語還是寫作，高質(zhì)量的輸入才能保證高質(zhì)量的輸出。 4. you say that there is a discount I pay in advance. 你說如果我提前付款，可以打折。,whether it is speaking or writing,provided that,考綱知識(shí)預(yù)覽,5 in Shakespeares lifetime English began to spread around the world. 正是在莎士比亞時(shí)期，英語才開始傳播到世界各地。,It was,that,名師一線講壇,1. absence n 不存在，缺乏；缺席 absent adj. 不在的，缺席的 absence of mind 心不在焉 in the absence of sb.（=in ones absence）某人不在時(shí) in the absence of.因?yàn)闆]有；缺乏 absence of information 缺乏信息 absence from school 缺課 be absent from. 不參加；缺席,名師一線講壇,Caroline will be in charge of the office during my absence. 我不在的時(shí)候，辦公室由卡羅琳負(fù)責(zé)。(朗文P5) We were worried by the absence of definite figures in the report.報(bào)告里缺少具體數(shù)字，這使我們擔(dān)心。(朗文P5),名師一線講壇,In the absence of any further evidence the police were unable to solve the murder. 由于缺乏更確實(shí)的證據(jù)，警方破不了這宗謀殺案。(朗文P5) How many students are absent from class today? 今天有多少學(xué)生缺席？(朗文P5),名師一線講壇,1Never speak ill of someone_.Its bad manners _. Ain his absence; to do so Bwhen he is absent; doing so Cduring his away; to do so Dwhile he is away; doing so,即時(shí)訓(xùn)練,名師一線講壇,解析：選A。表示“某人不在或缺席”時(shí)，用in ones absence或用時(shí)間狀語從句when/while he is away/absent均可。但后半句的結(jié)構(gòu)只能用不定式作真正的主語，不能用動(dòng)名詞。故兩空選擇均正確的只有A項(xiàng)。,名師一線講壇,2. surround vt. 環(huán)繞，圍繞 surrounding adj. 周圍的 surroundings n(pl.) 環(huán)境 be surrounded with/by.被環(huán)繞/包圍 in a surrounding area 在周圍地區(qū) be situated/located in very pleasant surroundings 位于優(yōu)美的環(huán)境中,名師一線講壇,She was sitting on the floor surrounded by books. 她坐在地板上，周圍都是書。(朗文P1555) The police surrounded the house. 警察包圍了這所房子。(朗文P1556) The lake is surrounded by trees. 湖邊樹木環(huán)繞。 The house is situated in very pleasant surroundings. 那所房子所處的環(huán)境非常優(yōu)美。(朗文P1556),名師一線講壇,2A child who lives in a boring environment will develop his intelligence less than one who lives in rich and varied_. Aplaces of interest Bsurroundings Csurrounding Dcustoms,即時(shí)訓(xùn)練,名師一線講壇,解析：選B?？疾樵~語辨析。句意：生活在枯燥乏味的環(huán)境下的孩子的智力遠(yuǎn)趕不上生活在豐富多變的環(huán)境下的孩子。places of interest 名勝；surroundings 環(huán)境；surrounding為形容詞，周圍的；customs 海關(guān)。故B項(xiàng)符合題意。,名師一線講壇,3When Mr. Brown got off the train, he found himself_by his students. Asurround Bto surround Csurrounding Dsurrounded 解析：選D。考查surround 的非謂語形式。句意：當(dāng)布朗先生下火車時(shí)，他發(fā)現(xiàn)自己被學(xué)生們包圍著。賓語補(bǔ)足語和賓語之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，故用過去分詞，即D項(xiàng)正確。,名師一線講壇,3. adequate adj. 足夠的；充分的；恰當(dāng)?shù)?；符合要求的；能勝任?（1）be adequate for sb./sth. 對(duì)足夠 be adequate to do sth. 足以做 （2）adequacy n.足夠；適當(dāng)；勝任,名師一線講壇,The space available is not adequate for our needs. 現(xiàn)有的空間不能滿足我們的需要。 The adequacy of the security arrangements has been questioned. 有人質(zhì)疑安全措施是否完備。,名師一線講壇,adequate，enough，sufficient，ample (1)adequate表示足夠的程度比后三者低，表示“剛夠；剛好”，有不多不少正合適的意思。 “足夠”的程度：,比較網(wǎng)站,名師一線講壇,(2)它們都可用在名詞之前表示數(shù)量。例如： We had adequate/enough/sufficient/ample money for the journey.我們有足夠的錢去旅行。 另外，如果僅談?wù)摂?shù)量，不要用adequate，因?yàn)樗硎尽白銐蚝玫?；符合要求的；能勝任的”意?，以免造成歧義。,名師一線講壇,These reasons are not sufficient to justify the ban. 這些理由不足以證明實(shí)施禁令有理。(牛津P1766) There was ample time to get to the airport. 有足夠的時(shí)間到達(dá)機(jī)場。 He didnt give an adequate answer to the question. 他沒有對(duì)這個(gè)問題作出滿意的答復(fù)。(牛津P20),名師一線講壇,4Considering he is _for the job，we hired him. Aadequate Bsufficient Cabundant Denough,即時(shí)訓(xùn)練,名師一線講壇,解析：選A。考查形容詞辨析。adequate 足夠的，充分的，符合要求的，可以勝任的；sufficient (數(shù)量/質(zhì)量)令人滿意的，適當(dāng)?shù)?，充分的，足夠的；abundant 大量的，豐富的；enough 足夠的。句意：考慮到他能勝任這項(xiàng)工作，我們雇用了他。根據(jù)句意選A。,名師一線講壇,4. ensure vt. 確保，保證 ensure success/safety 保證成功/安全 ensure sb. sth.確保/保證某人（得到）某物 ensure sb. from/against sth.保護(hù)某人免受某物的傷害 ensure that.=make sure that.確保/保證 The book ensured his success. 這本書保證了他的成功。 The book ensured his success. 這本書保證了他的成功。,名師一線講壇,ensure，assure，guarantee (1)ensure 指確保某種行動(dòng)或動(dòng)機(jī)的結(jié)果一定會(huì)發(fā)生。 (2)assure 指以十分肯定的語氣向別人保證某事一定發(fā)生。其賓語通常為人，常用結(jié)構(gòu)為“assure sb.of sth.”。 (3)guarantee 強(qiáng)調(diào)保證品質(zhì)、服務(wù)和信譽(yù)等。,比較網(wǎng)站,名師一線講壇,We were assured that everything possible was being done. 我們確信是在盡一切努力。(牛津P88) Please ensure(that) all lights are switched off. 請(qǐng)務(wù)必將所有的燈都關(guān)掉。(牛津P568) He gave me a guarantee that it would never happen again. 他向我保證這種事絕不會(huì)再發(fā)生。(牛津P778),名師一線講壇,5We should_ourselves against all possible risks. Amake Bbe sure Cprevent Densure 解析：選D。ensure sb. against sth.保護(hù)某人免受。,即時(shí)訓(xùn)練,名師一線講壇,5. adjust vt. 調(diào)節(jié)；調(diào)整；適應(yīng) adjustment n 調(diào)節(jié)；調(diào)整 adjust sth.整理/整頓/安排某物/某事 adjust sth./oneself to sth.使適應(yīng)新環(huán)境等,名師一線講壇,She will have to adjust herself to new conditions. 她將必須使自己能適應(yīng)新的環(huán)境。 The TV set needs an adjustment. 這臺(tái)電視機(jī)需要調(diào)整。,名師一線講壇,6You cant see through a telescope unless it is correctly_ to your sight. Aadapted Badopted Cadjusted Dadded 解析：選C。四個(gè)詞極易混淆：adapt表示“使適應(yīng)”；adopt表示“采用；收養(yǎng)”；add表示“增加”，均不符合語境中的“望遠(yuǎn)鏡被調(diào)整好了”。,即時(shí)訓(xùn)練,名師一線講壇,6. inform vt. 告知；通知 information n 信息；消息 inform sb.of sth.通知某人某事 keep sb.informed of sth.讓某人知道某事 a piece of information 一則消息,名師一線講壇,Have you informed the company of your wish to leave it? 你告訴公司你想離開的想法了嗎？ Keep me informed of fresh development. 隨時(shí)告訴我新的發(fā)展。 He is a wellinformed man. 他是個(gè)消息靈通的人。,名師一線講壇,7The president promised to keep all the board members _of how the negotiations were going on. Ainformed Binform Cbe informed Dinforming,即時(shí)訓(xùn)練,名師一線講壇,解析：選A。根據(jù)句式結(jié)構(gòu)，此空格處應(yīng)作為all the board members的賓語補(bǔ)足語出現(xiàn)；根據(jù)句意，inform與all the board members之間應(yīng)構(gòu)成邏輯上的動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，故應(yīng)選擇過去分詞。,名師一線講壇,7. resemble vt. 像；與相似 resemble sb./sth.in sth.在某方面與某人/某物相似 【注意】resemble 不可用于被動(dòng)語態(tài)和進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)。 She resembles her sister in appearance but not in character. 她和她的姐姐外貌相似，性格卻不同。 They resemble each other in shape but not in colour. 它們的形狀相似，但顏色不同。,名師一線講壇,be similar to sb. in sth.與某人在某方面相似 be the same as sb. in sth.與某人在某方面一樣 have sth. in common with sb./sth.與有共同之處 be/look like 看起來像,思維拓展,名師一線講壇,8句型轉(zhuǎn)換 Some writers try to resemble Mark Twain in writing style. Some writers try to_Mark Twain in writing style. 答案：be similar to,即時(shí)訓(xùn)練,名師一線講壇,單項(xiàng)填空 I think the result of the exam is_. Please check it up! Its_. I have checked it up many times. Acorrect Bcorrectly Cincorrect Dcorrection 答案：C；A,單詞巧記,名師一線講壇,歸納與比較：inadj.構(gòu)成反義詞,名師一線講壇,【經(jīng)典案例】 Some of the houses on the hillside are_to cars. Ainformal Bimpossible Cinconvenient Dinadequate 【解析】 考查詞義辨析。C表示“不方便的”；A表示“非正式的”；B表示“不可能的”；D表示“不充分的”。根據(jù)句意可知應(yīng)選C。 【答案】 C,名師一線講壇,8. catch on 學(xué)會(huì)；理解；變得流行；掛住 catch on (to sth.)理解；學(xué)會(huì) catch hold of抓住 catch up（with sb./sth.）趕上 catch sb. doing sth.發(fā)現(xiàn)某人做某事 catch sight of看見 catch ones attention/eye吸引某人,名師一線講壇,It was a popular style in Britain,but it never really caught on in America. 當(dāng)時(shí)在英國這是時(shí)髦式樣，但在美國卻從來沒有真正流行開。（朗文P215） I suddenly caught sight of her in the crowd. 我突然在人群中看見了她。（朗文P215） You walk on and Ill catch up with you later/ Ill catch you up later.你往前走吧，我過一會(huì)兒就追上你。（朗文P215）,名師一線講壇,9.It was a long time before the police what he was really doing. A.caught hold of B.caught on C.caught on to D.caught at 解析：選C。catch on to sth.=understand sth.理解，明白。,即時(shí)訓(xùn)練,名師一線講壇,9. stand out 顯眼；突出；出色 stand by 袖手旁觀 stand by sb./sth. 支持某人/仍然遵守諾言或協(xié)議等 stand for 代表；支持；主張 stand up 站起；站得住腳 stand up for 擁護(hù)；支持,名師一線講壇,高效記憶,名師一線講壇,The new road sign is easy to read；the words stand out well. 新路標(biāo)容易辨認(rèn)，上面的字很醒目。(朗文P1498) She still stands by every word she said. 她依舊恪守她說過的每一句話。(牛津P1714) Always stand up for your friends. 任何時(shí)候都要支持自己的朋友。,名師一線講壇,10In the event he performed so well that he_among so many competitors. Astood for Bstood by Cstood up Dstood out 解析：選D。句意：在比賽中他表現(xiàn)很好，所以在眾多競爭者中脫穎而出。根據(jù)句意選D。,即時(shí)訓(xùn)練,名師一線講壇,10. be associated with. 與相關(guān)聯(lián) associate with sb.與某人交往或常打交道 associate sb./sth. with 把某人/某物與聯(lián)系起來 in association with 和一起，與合作,名師一線講壇,The scientist decided he didnt want to be associated with the project, and left. 這個(gè)科學(xué)家決定不愿與這個(gè)計(jì)劃有任何瓜葛，因而離開了。(朗文P72) I associate summer with holidays. 我總把夏季與休假聯(lián)想在一起。(朗文P72) The military regime dealt ruthlessly with anyone who was associated with the former government.,名師一線講壇,軍政府無情地處置任何與前政府有交往的人。(朗文P72) The council is working in association with the police on this. 對(duì)于這件事，地方議會(huì)正同警方進(jìn)行協(xié)作。(朗文P72),名師一線講壇,11Many graduates are working on occupations_farming now. Aclose associate with Bclose associated with Cclosely associated with Dclosely associate with,即時(shí)訓(xùn)練,名師一線講壇,解析：選C?？疾閍ssociate 的非謂語動(dòng)詞形式及close 與closely 的用法區(qū)別。句意：目前很多大學(xué)畢業(yè)生正在從事與農(nóng)耕緊密相關(guān)的職業(yè)。首先從are working.可以推斷出空格處為非謂語形式，故排除A、D兩項(xiàng)。又close作副詞用，意為“靠近地(指場所上靠近)”；closely表“緊密地，密切地”，故選C。,名師一線講壇,11. on purpose 故意地 on purpose=deliberately 故意地 with the purpose of 懷有的目的 for the purpose of 為了的目的 by accident=by chance=accidently 偶然地,名師一線講壇,I came here on purpose to see you. 我特意來這兒看你。 I wouldnt go shopping for/with the mere purpose of buying a pair of socks. 我不會(huì)只為買一雙襪子而去購物。 A meeting was called for the purpose of appointing a new treasurer.為任命新司庫而召開了一次會(huì)議。,名師一線講壇,12I came here for nothing else but to see you _. Apurpose Bpropose Cto the purpose Don purpose,即時(shí)訓(xùn)練,名師一線講壇,解析：選D。句意：我來不為別的而是專程來看你的。on purpose 相當(dāng)于purposely特意地，故意地；to the purpose 中肯的，合適的，得要領(lǐng)的；propose提議，求婚。,名師一線講壇,12.【教材原句】 This can take the form of reading and listening materials which must be of the highest quality. 它可以以閱讀和聽力材料的形式存在，但這些材料必須具有最高的質(zhì)量。 【句法分析】 of the highest quality屬“of抽象名詞”結(jié)構(gòu)，常在句中作表語。這樣的抽象名詞包含兩類：,名師一線講壇,(1)“of抽象名詞”可轉(zhuǎn)化為相應(yīng)的形容詞。 這類名詞有value，use，importance，help，interest，benefit，honour，courage，fame，ability，nature，beauty，wealth等。它們可用no，some，any，little，much，great等詞修飾。 This question is of importance.This question is important. 這個(gè)問題很重要。,名師一線講壇,Each hour，each minute，each second is of great value for us. Each hour，each minute，each second is very valuable for us. 每小時(shí)、每分鐘、每一秒對(duì)我們都很寶貴。 This dictionary is of no help to English beginners. This dictionary is not helpful to English beginners. 這本詞典對(duì)英語初學(xué)者沒有幫助。,名師一線講壇,(2)“of抽象名詞”沒有相應(yīng)的形容詞形式，為了表明主語的這類特征，我們只能用“be of抽象名詞”的形式代替“be形容詞”結(jié)構(gòu)。 這類名詞包括size，weight，height，length，width，age，opinion，colour，kind，price，type，shape，way等。注意，這類名詞的單復(fù)數(shù)根據(jù)具體的情況而定，也可在其前加冠詞。,名師一線講壇,The products are of first­rate quality. 這些產(chǎn)品的質(zhì)量是一流的。 Mr.Smith，my teacher，is of the same opinion. Mr.Smith，my teacher，has the same opinion. 史密斯先生，我的老師，也持同樣的觀點(diǎn)。 Americans are of almost all colours and races. 美國人幾乎包括各種膚色及種族。 He was of a poor peasant family. 他出身于貧農(nóng)家庭。,名師一線講壇,13The two boys are_. Asame weight and age Bof same weight and age Cthe weight and age Dof the same weight and age 解析：選D。此題考查be ofage/weight 結(jié)構(gòu)，其中same前必須加the。,即時(shí)訓(xùn)練,名師一線講壇,14Youll find this map of great _in helping you to get round London. Aprice Bcost Cvalue Dimportance 解析：選C。此處為“be of抽象名詞”句型。句意：你會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)當(dāng)你在倫敦旅游時(shí)這張地圖大有用處。A、B兩項(xiàng)不合句意，D項(xiàng)為不可數(shù)名詞，意為“重要性”，value為抽象名詞，意為“用處，價(jià)值”。,同學(xué)們,來學(xué)校和回家的路上要注意安全,同學(xué)們,來學(xué)校和回家的路上要注意安全,