Unit 19 Language 語 言,.重點單詞聚焦 1The government may fail to meet its t_ of recycling 25% of domestic waste. 答案： target 2Oxford University and Cambridge University r_ each other in many ways. 答案： resemble,3Travelling on the train without a ticket is an_(違法行為) 答案： offence 4Lately there has been a_(趨勢) towards hiring younger，cheaper employees. 答案： trend 5To create a_(全國性的) service network is an important task. 答案： nationwide,6We_(真誠地) thank the customers for supporting and trusting our work! 答案： sincerely 7The food supplied is not_(足夠的，充分的) for the great need of the local people in Haiti at the moment. 答案： adequate,8_(祝賀)！You have passed your driving test. 答案： Congratulations 9As the wages were low，there were few_(求職者) for the job. 答案： applicants 10While I am away from the company，please do keep me_(通知) of what is happening. 答案： informed,11I was_(尷尬的) by his comments about my clothes. 答案： embarrassed 12He gave me_(清楚的) directions on how to get there. 答案： explicit,.重點短語掃描 1 _ 母語 2 _ 出色；突出 3 _ 取得成功；獲得進(jìn)步 4 _ 依靠；依賴 5_ 采取形式 6 _ 調(diào)整以適應(yīng) 7 _ 通知某人某事,take the form of,rely on,get ahead,stand out,mother tongue,adjust.to.,inform sb.of sth.,8_ 很值得(做)某事 9 _ 學(xué)會 10 _ 很久，很長時間 11 _ 就某事向某人祝賀 12 _ 故意地 13 _ 不管；不顧 14 _ 另一方面 15 _ 我肯定,be well worth (doing) sth.,catch on,for ages,congratulate sb.on sth.,on purpose,regardless of,on the other hand,I bet,.課文原句突破 1早在18世紀(jì)就有人預(yù)測英語將會成為世界語言，而這一預(yù)言在最近幾十年中得到了證實。 _ _ _as early as the 1700s that English would one day be the global language and that has proved to be the case in the last few decades. 答案： It was predicted,2這就意味著教師要通過各種不同的媒介確保對學(xué)生有足夠量的語言輸入。 _ _ _ _ _they make sure there is an adequate amount of input in English conveyed to the students through various mediums. 答案： What this means is that,3足夠量的語言輸入可以以高質(zhì)量的閱讀和聽力材料的形式呈現(xiàn)。 This can_ _ _ _reading and listening materials which must be of the highest quality. 答案： take the form of,4把你的目標(biāo)告訴朋友，他們也能給予你鼓勵。 _ _ _ _ _ _so they can help motivate you as well. 答案： Inform a friend of your targets,5為了能矢志不渝，你有必要記住為什么在學(xué)英語。 _ _ _，you need to keep in mind why you are learning English. 答案： To stay dedicated,6人高興時跳起來很容易看到，而眉毛挑起表示懷疑卻不易被人看到。 Somebody jumping for joy is easy to see_a raised eyebrow conveying doubt is easier to miss. 答案： while,7第三，你們說我如果提前付費的話就可以打折優(yōu)惠。 Thirdly，you say that there is a discount_ _I pay in advance. 答案： provided that,8據(jù)認(rèn)為有將近一百萬升的石油泄漏到海水中。 _ _ _ _ _ _almost a million litres of oil into the sea. 答案： It is believed to have leaked,absence n不存在；缺乏 回歸課本P6：However，learning English as a foreign language is very difficult in the absence of a native language environment. 不管怎樣，在缺乏本族語的環(huán)境下，把英語當(dāng)作外語來學(xué)是很難的。,In the absence of the manager，Mr Wang will be in charge. 經(jīng)理不在時，由王先生負(fù)責(zé)。 He failed in the exam because of his absence of mind. 他因心不在焉而考試不及格。 Tom was absent from school because he was ill. 湯姆因病沒去上學(xué)。,1.完成句子 (1)The reason why he_(不參加，缺席) his best friends birthday party is that he had to look after his sick mother. (2)Mr Wang will be in charge of the office_(我不在時) 答案： (1)is absent from (2)during my absence,surround vt.& vi.包圍，圍繞 回歸課本P6：Some respected theories on language acquisition believe that to attain a high level of fluency and accuracy in a foreign language，you need to be surrounded by it.,一些備受推崇的關(guān)于獲取語言的理論相信，要達(dá)到一種外語高水平的流利程度和準(zhǔn)確性，你需要置身于這種語言環(huán)境之中。,As a child，I was surrounded by love and kindness. 幼年時我備受關(guān)愛。 She was sitting on the floor surrounded by books. 她坐在地板上，周圍都是書。 After being surrounded by the police for several days，the robber had to give in.被警察包圍幾日后，劫匪不得不投降。,From the top of the hill you can see all the surrounding countryside.從山頂上你可以看到周圍的山村。 Everyone likes to work in pleasant surroundings. 人人喜歡在愉快的環(huán)境中工作。,2._by a group of children，the old man was delighted. ASurrounded BSurrounding CTo be surrounded DTo be surrounding 解析： 分詞作狀語時，其邏輯主語是句子的主語，the old man和surround之間是被動關(guān)系，所以用過去分詞作狀語。動詞不定式一般用來作目的狀語。 答案： A,ensure vt.確保，保證 回歸課本P6：Quality input ensures quality output，whether it is speaking or writing. 高質(zhì)量的輸入信息才能保證學(xué)生高質(zhì)量的語言輸出，不管是說還是寫。,All the necessary steps had been taken to ensure their safety. 已采取所有必要措施確保他們的安全。 Every few years，the coal workers have their lungs X­rayed to ensure their health.每隔幾年，當(dāng)?shù)氐拿旱V工人都要進(jìn)行X光檢查以確保他們的身體健康。,We can ensure that the work shall be done in the right way. 我們可以保證把工作做好。 This pill will ensure you a good nights sleep. 這顆藥一定會使你晚上睡個好覺。,3.Careful planning and hard work will_our final success. Aenclose Bensure Cassure Dsure 解析： 句意為：精心規(guī)劃和勤奮工作能確保我們最終成功。enclose表示“把圍起來”；assure搭配不對；sure為形容詞，不作謂語動詞，所以只有B項正確。 答案： B,guarantee vt.保證；擔(dān)保；n.保證；保證書；抵押品 回歸課本P6：Knowing the main stories before reading will guarantee greater comprehension when reading in English. 讀前能了解主要新聞內(nèi)容會確保用英語閱讀時更透徹地理解所讀新聞。,Technology will guarantee good health and happiness for all! 未來的科技將保證所有人都能擁有健康和幸福！ We will do our best，but I cant guarantee that we will win. 我們會盡力，但我不能保證我們會贏。,This insurance guarantees you against loss in case of fire. 這項保險保證你在發(fā)生火災(zāi)時不受金錢上的損失。 Can you give me a guarantee that the work will be finished on time？你能向我保證工作會按時完成嗎？,4.完成句子 (1)Can you_(保證給我一份工作) when I get there？You know，I have to work in order to pay for my schooling. (2)I cant_(保證這項方案有效)，but Ill give it a try. 答案： (1)guarantee me a job (2)guarantee the plan will work,adjust vt.調(diào)節(jié)；調(diào)整；vi.適應(yīng) 回歸課本P6：Watching a favourite DVD，but adjusting the language to English in parts you know well. 觀看你最喜愛的一張光盤，但要把你熟悉的部分語言調(diào)換成英語。,(1)adjust to適應(yīng) adjust (sth./oneself) to sth.使(某物/某人自己)適應(yīng)某事 (2)adjustable adj.可調(diào)整的，可調(diào)節(jié)的 (3)adjustment n調(diào)整，調(diào)節(jié)，適應(yīng) make an adjustment作出調(diào)整,As a teacher，I must adjust my speech to the age of my students. 作為教師，我必須使得我的講課適合于學(xué)生的年齡。 She found it hard to adjust herself to working at night. 她發(fā)現(xiàn)自己很難適應(yīng)夜間工作。 She adjusted herself very quickly to the heat of the country. 她使自己很快適應(yīng)了這個國家炎熱的氣候。,5.You cant see through a telescope unless it is correctly_to your sight. Aadapted Badopted Cadjusted Dadded,解析： 四個詞極易混淆，adapt表示“使適應(yīng)”；adopt表示“采用；收養(yǎng)”；add表示“增加”，均不符合語境中的“望遠(yuǎn)鏡被調(diào)整好”。只有adjust“調(diào)整，調(diào)節(jié)”符合句意，故選C。 答案： C,6完成句子 It took several seconds for his eyes to_(適應(yīng)黑暗) 答案： adjust to the dark,inform vt.告知，通知 回歸課本P6：Inform a friend of your targets so they can help motivate you as well. 把你的目標(biāo)告訴朋友，他們也能給予你鼓勵。,I hope you will write me from time to time and inform me of your progress.我希望你常常寫信給我，把你的進(jìn)步告訴我。 We regret to inform you that your application has been rejected. 我們很遺憾地通知你，你的申請未被接受。 Please keep me fully informed of any developments. 事態(tài)如有發(fā)展，請向我提供詳情。,7.The president promised to keep all the board members_of how the negotiations were going on. Ainformed Binform Cbe informed Dinforming,解析： 根據(jù)句式結(jié)構(gòu)，空格處應(yīng)作為all the board members的賓語補足語出現(xiàn)，根據(jù)句意，inform與all the board members之間應(yīng)構(gòu)成邏輯上的動賓關(guān)系，故應(yīng)選擇過去分詞。 答案： A,8完成句子 我已通知他們會議被取消了。 I_the meeting has been cancelled. 答案： have informed them that,congratulate vt.祝賀 回歸課本P10：You would probably think that the father was congratulating his son on doing something well，maybe passing an exam or winning a race. 你可能會認(rèn)為父親在祝賀兒子某事做得好，也許是通過考試或者是贏得比賽。,(1)congratulate sb.on (doing) sth.為某事向某人祝賀 (2)congratulation n祝賀 Congratulations！恭喜你！ congratulations to sb.on (doing) sth.為某事向某人祝賀,We congratulated you sincerely on your being accepted by Tsinghua University! 我們真誠祝賀你考入清華大學(xué)！ Congratulations on your birthday! 祝你生日快樂！ You really should congratulate yourself on avoiding the danger.你真該為自己避險而慶幸。,辨析：congratulate與celebrate (1)congratulate vt.“祝賀”，常表示口頭語言的慶祝，并常用于congratulate sb.on (doing) sth.這一結(jié)構(gòu)中。 (2)celebrate vt.“慶祝”，常指舉行一些活動或儀式來慶祝一些有紀(jì)念意義的事件或時刻，后面直接帶要慶祝的事。 How do people celebrate New Year in your country? 你們國家的人怎樣慶祝新年？,巧學(xué)串記 The villagers were celebrating the Dragon Boat Festival，and congratulating the new leader on coming into power. 村民們當(dāng)時正在慶祝端午節(jié)，同時祝賀新領(lǐng)導(dǎo)執(zhí)政。,9.Congratulations_your success.Your performance reminds me_my school life. Afor；about Bon；for Con；of Dfor；of,解析： 考查短語中的介詞。第一空處是Congratulations to sb.on sth.為某事祝賀某人；第二空處用動詞短語remind sb.of/about sth.。 答案： C,resemble vt.像；與相似 回歸課本P10：They might also cross their arms and move in an abrupt way resembling a robot more than a human. 他們也可能交叉雙臂，走起路來像機(jī)器人一樣笨拙，而不像人。,She resembles her sister in appearance but not in character. 她和她姐姐外貌相似，但性格不同。 What happens in the film bears little resemblance to what actually happened. 電影里發(fā)生的事和現(xiàn)實生活幾乎沒有相似之處。,10.Soldiers are trained under conditions that closely_real army inspection of PRC on National Day in Beijing. Asimilar Bresemble Clike Dcompare,解析： 句意為：戰(zhàn)士們正在北京接受訓(xùn)練，其情形與中華人民共和國國慶閱兵十分相似。空格處應(yīng)該使用動詞，所以首先排除A項，C、D兩項不合語意。 答案： B,take the/a form of以的形式出現(xiàn)(存在) 回歸課本P6：This can take the form of reading and listening materials which must be of the highest quality. 足夠量的語言輸入可以以高質(zhì)量的閱讀和聽力材料的形式呈現(xiàn)。,The training programmes take the form of a series of performances.培訓(xùn)課程采取一系列的表演形式。 The H1N1 flu takes the form of higher fever and sickness for several days. 甲流以高燒并且惡心多日的形式表現(xiàn)出來。 Help in the form of money will be very welcome. 以錢的形式資助將十分受歡迎。,11.完成句子 (1)This is a story told_(以的形式呈現(xiàn)) letters. (2)They were both_ _ _(精神很好) at dinner. 答案： (1)in the form of (2)in good form,12John is not_today；he put up a very poor show in that last match. Ain form Bin control Cin order Din a mess,解析： 句意為：約翰今天競技狀況不佳，在最后那場比賽中打得很不好。in form競技狀況/健康狀況良好；in control在控制中；in order有秩序；in a mess混亂不堪，只有A項符合語義要求。 答案： A,get ahead取得進(jìn)步；獲得成功；領(lǐng)先 回歸課本P6：In todays world，being able to speak more than one language，including English，is how you stand out and get ahead. 在當(dāng)今世界，能夠說不止一種語言，包括英語，就意味著你是多么出色和多么成功。,Some people get ahead by being lucky. 有些人由于走運而成功。 By working hard，he got ahead of the rest of the class. 通過努力學(xué)習(xí)，他超越了班上的其他同學(xué)。,I wonder if I can use your bike for a while. 我想知道我能否用一會兒你的自行車。 Sure，go ahead.行，可以。 The time here is nine hours ahead of London. 這里的時間比倫敦早9小時。,13.(2011·福州質(zhì)檢)The person with a good education finds it easier to_. Aget on Bgo up Cgo ahead Dget ahead 解析： 句意為：受過良好教育的人覺得更容易獲得成功。get on相處，進(jìn)展；go up上升；go ahead可以，進(jìn)行；get ahead意為“獲得成功”，符合句意。 答案： D,catch on學(xué)會；理解；變得流行 回歸課本P131：The more you hear different accents，the easier it is to catch on. 你聽的不同的口音越多，你就越容易理解它(的意思)。,The new dance quickly caught on among the students. 這套新舞蹈很快在學(xué)生中流行了起來。 Sometimes I dont catch on to your jokes. 有時我真的無法理解你的笑話。,We should praise those students who have later caught up and made progress. 我們應(yīng)該表揚那些后來趕上并取得進(jìn)步的學(xué)生。 I suddenly caught sight of her in the crowd. 我突然在人群中看見了她。,14.完成句子 (1)He invented an electric car，but it never really_(流行起來) (2)The salesman scolded_(偷東西被抓住的小女孩) and let her off. 答案： (1)caught on (2)the girl caught stealing,keep to遵守；遵循，按行事；堅持(做某事) 回歸課本P9：.we have to keep to the timetable，sir. 先生，我們必須遵守時間表。 He always keeps to his promise. 他總是遵守諾言。,Once having made a plan，you should keep to it. 一旦制訂了計劃，你就要按計劃行事。 Keep to it！You must not stop till the job is finished. 堅持！在工作完成前，你一定不能停下。,15.完成句子 In the sports field，every player should_(遵守規(guī)則) 答案： keep to the rules,This can take the form of reading and listening materials which must be of the highest quality. 足夠量的語言輸入可以以高質(zhì)量的閱讀和聽力材料的形式呈現(xiàn)。 of the highest quality屬“of抽象名詞”結(jié)構(gòu)，常在句中作表語。 This question is of importance.This question is important. 這個問題很重要。,Each hour，each minute，each second is of great value for us. Each hour，each minute，each second is very valuable for us. 每小時、每分鐘、每一秒對我們都很寶貴。 Mr Smith，my teacher，is of the same opinion. Mr Smith，my teacher，has the same opinion. 史密斯先生，我的老師，也持同樣的觀點。,16.Youll find this map of great_in helping you to get round London. Aprice Bcost Cvalue Dimportance,解析： 此處為“be of抽象名詞”句型。句意為：你會發(fā)現(xiàn)當(dāng)你在倫敦旅游時這張地圖大有用處。A、B兩項不合句意，D項為不可數(shù)名詞，意為“重要性”；value為抽象名詞，意為“用處，價值”。 答案： C,Thirdly，you say that there is a discount provided that I pay in advance. 第三，你們說我如果提前付費的話就可以打折優(yōu)惠。,Provided that its fine tomorrow，Ill go fishing with you. 如果明天天氣好，我就和你去釣魚。 Provided that there is no opposition，we shall hold the meeting here.如果沒有人反對，我們就在這里開會。,Suppose flights are fully booked on that daywhich other day could we go? 假定那天的航班都訂滿了我們還可以在哪天走呢？ Assuming (that) hes still alive，how old would he be now? 假定他還活著，現(xiàn)在有多大年紀(jì)了？,17.完成句子 You can use my car_(只要你開車小心) 答案： provided/providing that you drive carefully,Somebody jumping for joy is easy to see while a raised eyebrow conveying doubt is easier to miss. 人高興時跳起來很容易看到，而眉毛挑起表示懷疑卻不易被人看到。 此句中的while表示兩種不同情況的對比。其用法如下圖所示：,Jane was dressed in red while Mary was dressed in blue. 簡穿紅衣服而瑪麗穿藍(lán)衣服。 While I admit that the problems are difficult，I dont agree they cant be solved. 雖然我承認(rèn)這些問題很難，但我不同意它們不能解決。,Could you help me take care of my cat while Im away? 我不在家時你能幫我照料一下我的貓嗎？ There will be life while there is water and air. 只要有水和空氣，就會有生命。,18.(2010·全國卷)Mary made coffee_her guests were finishing their meal. Aso that Balthough Cwhile Das if,解析： 考查連詞的用法。根據(jù)句意“當(dāng)客人快吃完飯的時候，她煮了咖啡”可知C正確。so that以便，為了；although盡管，即使；as if“好似，好像”均不符合題意。 答案： C,19(2009·遼寧卷)It just isnt fair_I was working as a waiter last month，my friends were lying on the beach. Awhenever Bthough Cfor DWhile 解析： 考查連詞在具體語境中的辨析。while引導(dǎo)時間狀語從句，表示“當(dāng)時候”。句意為：上個月當(dāng)我在做服務(wù)員時，我的朋友們躺在沙灘上，我覺得這不公平。 答案： D,.選詞填空 catch on；for ages；rely on；stand out；get ahead；on purpos 1The Chinese wonderful customs exist_. 答案： for ages 2Most of people find it necessary to_insurance to deal with accidents. 答案： rely on,3He invented a new game，but it never really_. 答案： caught on 4Did you break the cup_？ No.By accident. 答案： on purpose,5I think you can only_through hard work. 答案： get ahead 6Yao Ming_in the crowd for his height. 答案： stood out,.完成句子 1Youd better_(通知學(xué)校辦公室變化) of your address. 答案： inform the school office of the change. 2_(祝賀Ghana隊的出色表現(xiàn)) of their players，for they are only the third African team to advance into a FIFA World Cup quarter­final. 答案： Congratulate Ghana on the excellence,3You may keep the book a further week_ (只要沒有別人) requires it. 答案： provided that no one else,4How can we_(提高我們的可能性) of career development? 答案： improve our chances 5_(是否可以) for me to check out at 400 pm? 答案： Would it be possible/Is it all right 6_(簡單地說)，the new proposals mean that an average worker will be about 10% better paid. 答案： To put it simply,.易錯模塊 1The disc，digitally_in the studio，sounded fantastic at the party that night. Arecorded Brecording Cto be recorded Dhaving recorded 解析： 由語境可知，所選項應(yīng)該在句中作定語，且表示被動和完成，故選A。 答案： A,2Dont use words，expressions or phrases_only to people with specific knowledge. Abeing known Bhaving being known Cto be known Dknown 解析： 這里是過去分詞短語作定語，相當(dāng)于一個定語從句which are known.，故用過去分詞。 答案： D,3The Town Hall_in the 1800s was the most distinguished building at that time. Ato be completed Bhaving been completed Ccompleted Dbeing completed,解析： 根據(jù)句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，所選項應(yīng)該在句中作定語，且表示被動和完成，故用過去分詞。B項，現(xiàn)在分詞的完成式不能作定語；A項，不定式表將來；D項，現(xiàn)在分詞表示正在進(jìn)行的動作，均不符合題意。 答案： C,4“Things_never come again！”I couldnt help talking to myself. Alost Blosing Cto lose Dhaving lost 解析： 根據(jù)句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，所選項應(yīng)該在句中作定語，排除D；lose與邏輯主語things是動賓關(guān)系，故用過去分詞。 答案： A,5Five people won the “Chinas Green Figure” award，a title_to ordinary people for their contributions to environmental protection. Abeing given Bis given Cgiven Dwas given,解析： 根據(jù)語境，空格處為定語修飾a title，排除B、D；give與title之間是動賓關(guān)系，表示一般情況，不表示正在進(jìn)行的動作，故用過去分詞充當(dāng)賓語。 答案： C,.語法專練 本單元語法名詞性從句 1(2011·寧夏銀川一中月考)You see，Im poor in maths，you are not good at English，and. Thats_we should help each other. Awhen Bwhere Chow Dwhat,解析： where引導(dǎo)表語從句。下句意為：這正是我們應(yīng)該互相幫助的地方。其他選項不合題意。 答案： B,2(2010·江蘇泰興市期中調(diào)研)Do you think it wise for Chinese mothers to try to do everything for their children? No，thats_they are mistaken. Awhere Bwhen Cso Dhow 解析： 考查表語從句。where引導(dǎo)表語從句，表示那就是她們的錯誤所在。 答案： A,3(2010·成都第二次診斷)While traveling in Sichuan，you cant miss_people call “The National Treasure”Giant Panda. Athat Bit Cwhat DWhich 解析： 由語法知識可知，本題中的動詞miss后接了一個賓語從句，又由于動詞call后需要接雙賓語，故選用what在該賓語從句中充當(dāng)賓語從句中動詞call的(直接)賓語。 答案： C,4(2011·西城抽樣)After ten yearsabsence she came back，only to find her old house was not_it used to be. Awhich Bwhat Cwhen DHow 解析： 考查表語從句的引導(dǎo)詞。從句子結(jié)構(gòu)看，該詞需要引導(dǎo)表語從句并充當(dāng)該表語從句中be動詞的表語，所以用what。what在此相當(dāng)于the house that。 答案： B,5(2011·東城第一學(xué)期檢測)It makes his life quite different_a_he has received education abroad. Athat Bwhich Cwhat Dhow,解析： 考查連詞。it作形式主語，that引導(dǎo)的主語從句作真正的主語，that不可以省略。從句部分主謂賓成分齊全，可以排除B、C；how表方式，不符合語境。 答案： A,練規(guī)范、練技能、練速度,練規(guī)范、練技能、練速度,課時作業(yè)（三十八）,同學(xué)們,來學(xué)校和回家的路上要注意安全,同學(xué)們,來學(xué)校和回家的路上要注意安全,