重 點(diǎn) 單 詞,Module 4 Music Born in America,1emerge v出來(lái)，出現(xiàn)；顯露，暴露 The moon emerged from behind the clouds. 月亮從云層后露出。 He emerged as leader at the age of thirty. 他三十歲時(shí)初露鋒芒擔(dān)任了領(lǐng)導(dǎo)。 The facts behind the scandal are sure to emerge eventually. 丑聞背后的真相最終一定會(huì)水落石出。劍橋高階,【知識(shí)拓展】 (1)emergence n浮現(xiàn)；露出；(植物)突出體；出現(xiàn) emergency n緊急情況，突然事件，非常時(shí)刻 (2)emerge from從中產(chǎn)生(暴露)出來(lái) It emerges that.暴露/顯現(xiàn) an emergency exit太平門(mén)，應(yīng)急出口 an emergency act緊急法令 an emergency airport應(yīng)急機(jī)場(chǎng),即景活用,翻譯句子 游泳者從湖中浮出來(lái)。 The swimmer emerged from the lake. 我們來(lái)到明媚的陽(yáng)光下。 We emerged into bright sunlight.,事已清楚，這家公司準(zhǔn)備出售。 It emerged that the company was going to be sold. 他已初露頭角，成為這次運(yùn)動(dòng)的主要人物。 He emerged as a key figure in the campaign.,2.decline v&n.衰退，下降，減少；謝絕，拒絕 The city fell into decline after the mine was closed. 這個(gè)城市在礦井關(guān)閉后開(kāi)始衰退。 The number of tourists to the resort declined by 10% last year. 去年到這個(gè)勝地旅游的人數(shù)減少了10%。 I invited him to the meeting but he declined. 我邀請(qǐng)他參加那次會(huì)議，但他謝絕了。劍橋高階 Their spokesman declined to comment on the allegations. 他們的發(fā)言人拒絕對(duì)這些指控加以評(píng)論。,【知識(shí)拓展】 fall into(a)decline開(kāi)始衰退 be in decline處于下降，衰退中 on the decline在下坡路上；在衰退(減少) decline by下降了 decline to do sth.拒絕干某事 【輕巧辨析】 decline/refuse/reject decline作“拒絕”之意時(shí)，常指有禮貌地回絕，婉言謝絕， 其主語(yǔ)只能是人。 refuse語(yǔ)氣比decline重，主語(yǔ)可以是人也可以是物。 reject比refuse語(yǔ)氣更重，意為“拋棄，拒收，不采納”。,即景活用,Now the two countries are becoming closer and economic and cultural exchanges between them are on the _. Aincrease Bdecline Caddition Dimprove 解析：on the increase“在上升”；on the decline“在下降”，根據(jù)全 句意思選A。 答案：A 3vain adj.自負(fù)的，自視過(guò)高的；徒勞的，無(wú)效的；不成功的 All the polices efforts to find him were in vain. 警方竭力想要找到他，但所有努力終是徒勞。劍橋高階 He was very vain about his hair and his clothes. 他很虛榮，在發(fā)型和衣著方面非常講究。劍橋高階 It was vain to pretend to himself that he was not disappointed. 他沒(méi)辦法欺騙自己說(shuō)不覺(jué)得失望。劍橋高階,【思維拓展】 in vain徒勞 vain attempt/hope/effort徒勞的嘗試/希望/努力 be vain of sth.對(duì)感到自負(fù),即景活用,It is _to cast your net where there is no fish. Ain return Bin vain Cin case Din favor of 解析：句意：“在根本沒(méi)魚(yú)的地方撒網(wǎng)徒勞無(wú)功”?？疾閯?dòng)詞不定 式to cast your net.作真正主語(yǔ)，而it是形式主語(yǔ)，in vain“徒勞”習(xí) 語(yǔ)作表語(yǔ)，故答案是B。 答案：B,4.quit v離開(kāi)，離去；停止，戒掉；遷出 Would you quit your job if you inherited lots of money? 假如繼承了一大筆錢(qián)，你會(huì)辭掉工作嗎？劍橋高階 Press Q to quit the program.退出該程序請(qǐng)按Q。劍橋高階 Ive quit smoking.我戒了煙。 The landlord gave them all notice to quit. 房東通知他們都搬出去。 【知識(shí)拓展】 quit ones hometown離開(kāi)家鄉(xiāng) quit hold of撒手放開(kāi) quit love with hate以怨報(bào)德，恩將仇報(bào) be quit of擺脫，脫離，免除 quit doing sth.停止做某事,【輕巧辨析】 quit/abandon/desert 都含有“放棄”“遺棄”的意思。 (1)quit強(qiáng)調(diào)“突然地棄去”，常指“停止”，如： She quitted her job. 她放棄了自己的工作。 (2)abandon強(qiáng)調(diào)“完全、永遠(yuǎn)地遺棄”，尤其是指遺棄以前感興 趣或負(fù)有責(zé)任的人或物，如： She abandoned her child.她遺棄了她的孩子。 (3)desert強(qiáng)調(diào)“違背誓言、命令、責(zé)任、義務(wù)等”，如： The soldier deserted his country and helped the enemy. 那個(gè)士兵叛國(guó)助敵。,即景活用,翻譯句子 魯迅棄醫(yī)從文。 Lu Xun abandoned medicine for literature. 他放棄了這個(gè)計(jì)劃。 He abandoned the plan. 他們打算潛入海洋去看那只被遺棄的沉船。 Theyre going to dive into the sea to see the abandoned sunken ship.,經(jīng) 典 短 語(yǔ),1take advantage of利用 I thought Id take advantage of the sports facilities while Im here. 我想趁我在這兒期間，要好好利用一下這里的體育設(shè)施。劍橋高階 She took advantage of the childrens absence to tidy their rooms. 她趁孩子們不在時(shí)收拾了他們的房間。,She advised him to take advantage of the opportunity. 她建議他利用這個(gè)機(jī)會(huì)。 【思維拓展】 have an advantage over比有優(yōu)勢(shì) have the advantage of有的優(yōu)勢(shì) to advantage有利地；有效地 to sb.s advantage/to the advantage of sb.對(duì)某人有利,即景活用,He received much _ from reading good novels，and his fluency in the English language gives him _ the other candidates for the job. Aadvantage；an advantage to Bbenefit；an advantage over Cbenefit；the benefit of Dadvantage；a benefit to,解析：句意為：他從閱讀好的小說(shuō)中受到很大益處，他英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)言的流 利使他在這項(xiàng)工作上優(yōu)于其它的應(yīng)聘者。 答案：B 2before long不久，不久以后 Ill see the film before long.我不久就要看這部電影。 Theyll be home before very long.他們很快就要到家了。劍橋高階 【輕巧辨析】 before long/long before before long是“很快”，“不久”的意思，可以用于各種時(shí)態(tài)。 long before是“很久以前”的意思，單獨(dú)使用，一般用在過(guò)去完成時(shí)的 句子里。由于before可以作介詞，也可以作連詞，因?yàn)樗暮竺婵梢愿?句子，也可以不跟句子。而before long一定不能跟句子。long before還 可以構(gòu)成一個(gè)句子。 It is/was(not)long before.過(guò)不久或很長(zhǎng)時(shí)間就發(fā)生某事,即景活用,_，he was forced to leave his homeland for political reasons. ABefore long BLong before CLong ago DAgo long 解析：before long表示“不久以前”。 答案：A 3rather than而不是 Hes my sisters friend really，rather than mine. 確切地說(shuō)，他是我妹妹的朋友，而不是我的。劍橋高階 She enjoys singing rather than dancing. 她喜歡唱歌而不喜歡跳舞。 I prefer to go there on foot rather than take a bus. 我寧愿步行去而不愿坐車(chē)去。,or rather與其說(shuō)不如說(shuō)；更確切地說(shuō) other than除之外，常用于否定句中 【用法指津】 (1)rather than連接兩個(gè)名詞或代詞作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞應(yīng)與rather than前面的詞在人稱(chēng)和數(shù)上保持一致。 (2)would rather后跟that從句時(shí)，從句中謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞應(yīng)為虛擬語(yǔ)氣，即 一般過(guò)去時(shí)或過(guò)去完成時(shí)。,即景活用,Most people would agree that nuclear science should be developed to benefit the human beings _ harm them. Amore than Brather than Cother than Dbetter than 解析：more than“多于”；rather than“而不是”；other than“除 了”；better than“好于，優(yōu)于”。 答案：B,重 要 句 型,As well as attracting huge audiences in its Hong Kong home，Cantopop has spread offshore，and its stars are known in Beijing，London and New York.粵語(yǔ)流行音樂(lè)不僅僅吸引了香港本地的大量聽(tīng)眾，而且傳到 海外的其他國(guó)家，香港的歌星在北京、倫敦和紐約都很有名。,They own a house in Jinan as well as a villa in Qingdao. 他們?cè)跐?jì)南有一棟房子，在青島也有一座別墅。 She is lively as well as healthy.她既健康又活潑。 Tom，as well as his parents，often goes to the park. 湯姆經(jīng)常和他的父母一起去公園。 as well as用于肯定句中，起連接作用，意為“既又，不僅 而且”。 (1)as well as作“和，同”講，具有連詞性質(zhì)，常用來(lái)連接兩個(gè)并列成 分。如果連接兩個(gè)并列的主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞應(yīng)當(dāng)與as well as之前的主 語(yǔ)在人稱(chēng)和數(shù)上保持一致，若連接兩個(gè)動(dòng)詞，第二個(gè)as后常用動(dòng)名詞 形式。 (2)在表達(dá)“不但而且”之意時(shí)，as well as側(cè)重前者，而not only.but also.側(cè)重后者。連接并列主語(yǔ)時(shí)，not only.but also.按照就 近原則確定謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的形式。,即景活用,The organization encourages members to meet on a regular basis，as well as_them with financial support. Aprovide Bprovided Cproviding Dprovides 解析：句意：“組織鼓勵(lì)其成員要定期聚會(huì)，同時(shí)給他們提供經(jīng)濟(jì)支 助。”考查as well as連接并列謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，故答案選D。 答案：D,高 考 經(jīng) 典 解 讀,【例1】 Hey，you havent been acting like yourself.Everything OK? _.(2009·浙江，1) AIm fine，thanks BSure，it is CThats good DIts OK,【解題方法指導(dǎo)】 對(duì)方詢問(wèn)自己的近況如何，應(yīng)回答“不錯(cuò)，謝謝”。 答案：A,教材原文對(duì)照,（ ）sorry!（ ）couldnt hear you! Im sorry!I couldnt hear you! (P50),【例2】 She had just finished her homework _ her mother asked her to practise playing the piano yesterday. (2009·福建，33) Awhen Bwhile Cafter Dsince 【解題方法指導(dǎo)】 句意：昨天她剛做完作業(yè)，她媽就讓她練鋼琴。 when在本句中作并列連詞，意為：and at that time。 答案：A,教材原文對(duì)照,The moment I heard it,I knew it was a completely new kind of music. (P45),語(yǔ)言學(xué)習(xí) 該類(lèi)文章主要包括語(yǔ)言的發(fā)展過(guò)程、英語(yǔ)和美語(yǔ)的差異、語(yǔ)言和文化、語(yǔ)言學(xué)習(xí)難點(diǎn)、特殊的語(yǔ)言現(xiàn)象、語(yǔ)言學(xué)習(xí)方法等，常以說(shuō)明文形式出現(xiàn)。文章通常句式結(jié)構(gòu)復(fù)雜，有時(shí)內(nèi)容生澀難懂，故在讀時(shí)分清主次，理清段落關(guān)系是極其重要的。,【典例】 The Japanese Ministry of Education，Culture，Sports，Science and Technology recently released a draft revision of curriculum guidelines for high school，stating that English classes will be taught primarily in English，the Japan Times has reported.,Under the draft guidelines，English teaching will focus more on speaking and listening，aiming at moving away from grammar and translation oriented teaching methods.The number of English words to be taught in high school will be increased to 1,800 from the current 1,300，bringing the total vocabulary learned in high school and junior high school to 3,000 words.The words will provide students with a vocabulary needed to communicate with people abroad and the level of the vocabulary will match that taught in China and South Korea. The draft guidelines demand that English classes should be used as a place for real English communication，indicating for the first time a policy of teaching high school English classes in English .The ministry explained that “teachers should first display an attitude of actively using English themselves” in order to boost English conversation ability.Complicated explanations such as those about grammar may still be provided in Japanese.,However，concerns have been raised over large differences in both teachers English ability and students level of understanding. “This could embarrass particularly older teachers who know grammar well but are not very good at conversation，” one teacher said. “To tell the truth，Im not confident enough to do everything in English.Will we be allowed to under go training？” another asked.Educators are also worried that students who feel they arent good at English may turn away from the subject. The ministry will accept opinions from the public on the changes before finalizing the new guidelines for announcement by next March. The new guidelines are expected to take effect for students entering high school in the academic year starting in April,2013.,【注】 句中的oriented意為“導(dǎo)向的”。句意為“在方針草案的指導(dǎo)下，英語(yǔ)教學(xué)將更多地關(guān)注聽(tīng)和說(shuō)，目的是改變以語(yǔ)法和翻譯為導(dǎo)向的教學(xué)方法”。 本句為and引導(dǎo)的并列句。provide.with.意思是“給提供”；第二個(gè)分句中that指代the level，taught in China and South Korea作定語(yǔ)，修飾that，即“單詞的數(shù)量將與中國(guó)和韓國(guó)所教的相當(dāng)”。 學(xué)海浪花 1.boost v增加，提高，促進(jìn) 2.take effect開(kāi)始起作用，開(kāi)始生效 學(xué)海導(dǎo)航：日本政府為了提高日本高中學(xué)生的英語(yǔ)水平，計(jì)劃對(duì)高中的英語(yǔ)教學(xué)進(jìn)行改革，由傳統(tǒng)的語(yǔ)法和翻譯教學(xué)向突出實(shí)踐和交際能力的教學(xué)轉(zhuǎn)變，加強(qiáng)聽(tīng)說(shuō)，擴(kuò)大詞匯量。,1.What does this passage mainly want to tell us？ A.The Japanese government is trying to reform English teaching. B.The Japanese students will have to only use English in their classes. C.English is becoming more and more important in Japan. D.English will be used as an official language in Japan. 解析：主旨大意題。本篇文章主要講的是：日本政府準(zhǔn)備改革英語(yǔ) 課堂教學(xué)以適應(yīng)社會(huì)發(fā)展的新要求，故選A項(xiàng)。B項(xiàng)說(shuō)得太絕對(duì)；C 項(xiàng)不是本文的主題；文中未提及把英語(yǔ)作為日本的官方語(yǔ)言，故D 項(xiàng)錯(cuò)誤。 答案：A,2.Which of the following is WRONG according to the passage？ A.English classes in Japan are now facing a shake­up. B.It is demanded that high school English classes should be taught mainly in English in the future. C.Japanese can only be used in explaining complicated English grammar. D.The new guiding principles are expected to come into effect in April,2013. 解析：細(xì)節(jié)判斷題。面對(duì)改革，日本的英語(yǔ)課堂教學(xué)將面臨重新組合， 故A正確；由第一段可知B項(xiàng)正確；文章最后提到這個(gè)新的指導(dǎo)方針將 于2013年生效，故D項(xiàng)也是正確的。第三段最后一句話說(shuō)只有講解語(yǔ)法 等比較復(fù)雜的知識(shí)時(shí)，才用日語(yǔ)，并不是日語(yǔ)只能用于講解復(fù)雜的英 語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法，故C項(xiàng)內(nèi)容錯(cuò)誤，故答案是C。 答案：C,3.What are the differences between English classes under the draft guidelines and those present？ A.Under the draft guidelines more words are required to be learned. B.More real English communication can be seen than nowadays. C.Now grammar and translation are being paid less attention to. D.All these above. 解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。這里是比較draft guidelines提倡的英語(yǔ)課和目前的 英語(yǔ)課的差異。由第二段可知draft guidelines里面對(duì)詞匯量的要求提高 了；第三段第一句話告訴我們?cè)谟⒄Z(yǔ)教學(xué)中將更多使用英語(yǔ)口語(yǔ)交 際；第二段第一句話提到改變現(xiàn)在的以語(yǔ)法和翻譯為導(dǎo)向的教學(xué)模 式，故A、B、C三項(xiàng)都是正確的，故答案為D。 答案：D,4.What is the total number of vocabulary required in high school and junior high school at present？ A.1,800. B3,100. C2,500. D1,700. 解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由第二段第二句話可知在draft guidelines中高中的單 詞量比原來(lái)增加了500個(gè)，使高、初中的單詞總量達(dá)到3 000個(gè)，即現(xiàn)階 段的單詞量要求應(yīng)為2 500個(gè)，故答案為C。 答案：C 5.From what the teachers said in the fourth paragraph we can see that _. A.some teachers are not sure about what the new guidelines will bring about. B.students will not like English any more. C.old teachers English ability will satisfy the new demand. D.some teachers will lose their jobs.,解析：推理判斷題。本段提到人們對(duì)教師能力以及學(xué)生理解水平差異的擔(dān)憂，這些老師的話表明他們對(duì)新的改革措施心存疑慮，對(duì)能否適應(yīng)新要求以及由此引發(fā)的問(wèn)題感到?jīng)]有把握，故A項(xiàng)正確。本段最后說(shuō)部分英語(yǔ)不好的學(xué)生可能會(huì)放棄，并不能說(shuō)學(xué)生們都不再喜歡英語(yǔ)了，故B錯(cuò)誤；在新的指導(dǎo)方針下，尤其是老教師會(huì)對(duì)自己的英語(yǔ)能力不自信，所以C項(xiàng)不恰當(dāng)；從文章內(nèi)容來(lái)看，我們也沒(méi)有足夠的根據(jù)來(lái)推出一些老師會(huì)失業(yè)，故D項(xiàng)也是錯(cuò)誤的。 答案：A,點(diǎn)擊此處進(jìn)入 能力闖關(guān),同學(xué)們,來(lái)學(xué)校和回家的路上要注意安全,同學(xué)們,來(lái)學(xué)校和回家的路上要注意安全,