單元語(yǔ)法聚焦三名詞復(fù)數(shù)&實(shí)義動(dòng)詞have的用法一、名詞復(fù)數(shù)1. I have two big eyes. 我有一雙大眼睛。2. I don't have ears but I can hear you. 我沒(méi)有耳朵，但我能聽(tīng)見(jiàn)你說(shuō)什么。3. I have two long legs and two big feet. 我有兩條長(zhǎng)腿和兩只大腳。4. I'm 1.65 metres tall. 我身高1.65米。以上四個(gè)句子中都用了名詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式。你知道名詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式有哪些嗎？下面就讓我們一起探討一下吧。1規(guī)則名詞的復(fù)數(shù)(1)一般情況下，在詞尾加­s。例如：deskdesks(書(shū)桌); treetrees(樹(shù))(2)以­s, ­x, ­sh, ­ch等結(jié)尾的名詞，通常在詞尾加­es。例如：busbuses(公共汽車(chē)); boxboxes(盒子)；dishdishes(盤(pán)子)(3)以­y 結(jié)尾的名詞，其復(fù)數(shù)構(gòu)成要分兩種情況：以“輔音字母y”結(jié)尾的名詞，將y變?yōu)閕，再加­es；以“元音字母y”結(jié)尾的名詞，直接在詞尾加­s。例如：citycities(城市); boyboys(男孩)；keykeys(鑰匙)(4)以­o結(jié)尾的名詞，有些在詞尾加­s，有些在詞尾加­es。例如：pianopianos(鋼琴); tomatotomatoes(西紅柿)注意：初中英語(yǔ)中，以­o結(jié)尾的名詞詞尾后加­s構(gòu)成復(fù)數(shù)名詞的有 zoo(動(dòng)物園)，photo(照片)，piano (鋼琴)；詞尾加­es的有tomato(西紅柿)，potato(土豆)，hero(英雄)。(5)以­f 或­fe 結(jié)尾的名詞，一般將­f或­fe改為­ves。例如：knifeknives(小刀); thiefthieves(賊)；lifelives(生命); wifewives(妻子)注意：初中英語(yǔ)中，這類(lèi)名詞主要有wife(妻子)，life(生命)，knife(小刀)，leaf(樹(shù)葉)，thief(賊)，half(一半)，self(自己)，wolf(狼)；它們的復(fù)數(shù)形式均是將詞尾的­f或­fe變?yōu)?#173;ves。另外，也有以­f結(jié)尾的名詞直接加­s構(gòu)成復(fù)數(shù)(如：roof roofs 屋頂)，但這在初中英語(yǔ)中很少見(jiàn)。2單數(shù)與復(fù)數(shù)同形的名詞初中英語(yǔ)中，單數(shù)和復(fù)數(shù)同形的名詞主要有sheep(綿羊)，fish(魚(yú))，deer(鹿)，Chinese(中國(guó)人)，Japanese(日本人)，Swiss(瑞士人)等。注意：fish 有時(shí)也用 fishes，這樣的復(fù)數(shù)形式尤其表示種類(lèi)。3不規(guī)則名詞的復(fù)數(shù)有些名詞單數(shù)變復(fù)數(shù)時(shí)，沒(méi)有一定的規(guī)則。例如：manmen(男人)；womanwomen(女人)；childchildren(孩子)；toothteeth(牙齒)；footfeet(腳); mousemice(老鼠)注意：一些以­man, ­woman 結(jié)尾的合成詞，構(gòu)成復(fù)數(shù)時(shí)與 man, woman 的變化形式相同。例如：policemanpolicemen(警察)；policewomanpolicewomen(女)警察但是 human(人)，German(德國(guó)人)不是合成詞，其復(fù)數(shù)不能仿照 man 的變化規(guī)律，而是按規(guī)則變化，即 humans, Germans。另外，當(dāng)man和woman用于名詞前作定語(yǔ)時(shí)，若其后被修飾的名詞為復(fù)數(shù)，則man和woman也要用復(fù)數(shù)。例如：man nursemen nurses(男護(hù)士)woman doctorwomen doctors(女醫(yī)生)4有些名詞只有復(fù)數(shù)形式初中階段常見(jiàn)的此類(lèi)名詞有clothes(衣服); glasses(眼鏡); scissors(剪刀); pants(褲子); trousers(褲子)等。二、實(shí)義動(dòng)詞have的用法1. He has three black hairs. 他有3根黑色的頭發(fā)。2. I have short black hair. 我留著黑色短發(fā)。3. He has green eyes. 他長(zhǎng)著綠色的眼睛。通過(guò)觀察教材上的這三個(gè)句子，我們可以看出，表示“某人擁有某物”時(shí)，我們通常會(huì)用到動(dòng)詞have。 關(guān)于它的用法，你了解多少呢？ 實(shí)義動(dòng)詞have句式用法肯定句I/You/We/They haveHe/She/It has一般疑問(wèn)句Do I/you/we/they have？Does he/she/it have？否定句I/You/We/They don't haveHe/She/It doesn't have通過(guò)表格可以看出：have用作實(shí)義動(dòng)詞時(shí)，一般表示“有”，它的第三人稱(chēng)單數(shù)形式是has。1. 一般來(lái)說(shuō)，主語(yǔ)是第三人稱(chēng)單數(shù)形式時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用has；主語(yǔ)是其他人稱(chēng)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用have。例如：He has two names. 他有兩個(gè)名字。I have an elder brother. 我有一個(gè)哥哥。2. 變一般疑問(wèn)句時(shí)，通常借助助動(dòng)詞do或does。主語(yǔ)是第三人稱(chēng)單數(shù)時(shí)，借助于助動(dòng)詞does，句中 has還原為have；主語(yǔ)是其他人稱(chēng)時(shí)，借助于助動(dòng)詞do，即“Do/Does主語(yǔ)have？” 例如：Does she have any pencils? 她有鉛筆嗎？Do you have brothers？你有兄弟嗎？3. 變否定句時(shí)，一般在have前加don't，在has前加doesn't，此時(shí)has還原為have，即“主語(yǔ)don't/doesn'thave”。例如：They don't have children.他們沒(méi)有孩子。 She doesn't have any pencils. 她沒(méi)有鉛筆。 記憶口訣實(shí)義動(dòng)詞have的用法動(dòng)詞have表示“有”，位置就在主語(yǔ)后。“三單”主語(yǔ)用has，其他人稱(chēng)用have。一般疑問(wèn)兩法變：一是把它提句前，二是把do/does來(lái)添。否定句子也一樣，就看not怎么放。.把下列名詞變成復(fù)數(shù)形式1book _2.dress _3story _ 4.potato _5radio _ 6.leaf _7glass _ 8.dish _.用have或has填空1I _ many good friends.2Tom _ big blue eyes.3My classroom _ eight windows.4The boy in blue pants _ long legs.5Jenny and Danny_ two black pens.用所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空1I have two _(knife)2The _ (student) look sad. What's wrong with them?3There are many _(bus) on the road.4A few _(boy) are drawing on the wall. 5The _(child) are playing football now.單項(xiàng)填空()1.They come from different _Acountry Bcountries Ca country Dcountrys()2.How many _ does a dog have?Sorry, I have no idea. Let's search(搜索) on the Internet(網(wǎng)絡(luò))Atooth Bteeth Ctooths Dtoothes()3.There are two _ and three _ on the table.Aapple; banana Bapples; bananaCapples; bananas Dapple; bananas()4.Most of _ live in _AChinese; Chinese BChina; ChinaCChinese; China DChina; Chinese()5.The robot can make _ for us. They are delicious.Aapple Bglasses Cnoodles Drices()6.My mother_ five white hairs.Ahave Bhas Cam Ddoesn't()7.My friend_ big ears.Aare Bis Chas Dhave()8.Tom and I_ a football.Ahave Bhas Care Dam()9.Does it_ small ears?Ahave Bhas Cis Dare()10.Do they have nice clothes? _AYes, they have BYes, they doCNo, they do DNo, they have()11.How many _ can you see in the picture?Two.Adog Bchild Csheeps Dsheep ()12.Are all the students from _ in your class?No，there are only 3 _ in our class. The others are from other countries.AGermany; GermenBGermany; GermansCGerman; GermansDGerman; Germany()13.I'm a little hungry now. I only drank(喝) some _ before I came to school.Abread BmilkCbanana Dnoodle()14.Health is important(重要的) to us teenagers(青少年)，so we should eat more vegetables such as _ to keep healthy.Atomatoes and potatoesBtomatos and potatosCtomatos and potatoes Dtomatoes and potatos.按要求完成下列各題，每空一詞1The girl has a big hat.(改為否定句)The girl _ _ a big hat.2Tom and Jim have red shirts.(改為一般疑問(wèn)句，并作肯定回答)_ Tom and Jim _ red shirts?_， _ _3Tom has a beautiful classroom.(用they代替Tom 改寫(xiě)句子)_ _ a beautiful classroom.4He has short black hair.(改為一般疑問(wèn)句，并作否定回答)_ he _ short black hair?_， _ _5My teachers have a_good_office(對(duì)畫(huà)線(xiàn)部分提問(wèn))_ _ your teachers _？詳解詳析【實(shí)戰(zhàn)演練】.1.books2.dresses3.stories4potatoes5.radios6.leaves7glasses8.dishes.1.have2.has3.has4has5.have.1.knives2.students3.buses4boys5.children.15BBCCC610BCAAB1114DBBA .1.doesn't have2Do; have; Yes; they do3They have4Does; have; No; he doesn't5What do; have9