第1頁/共57頁Old words or expressionsNew words or expressionsbignot covered lively grow beyondtimestime of difficultyshutsudden wish to do sth.disputeappearbecome shorter or smallerstatuegive a signalprobableauthoritativenoisy confusionweakspaciousbarespiritedoutgroweracrisisslamimpulseargumentemergecontractimagemotionlikelycommandingcommotionfaint第2頁/共57頁bare:1. adj. 1) not covered; with no plants growing on it 不鋪地毯的；赤裸的；光禿的bare feet a bare head a bare floor 赤腳光頭 光地板 如果我記得不錯(cuò)的話， 在你家鄉(xiāng)附近有座光禿禿的小山。If my memory serves me, there was a bare hill near your hometown.2) no more than; mere 剛剛夠的，勉強(qiáng)的His income can only buy the bare necessities of life.nNote: barely adv. 僅僅，只不過，幾乎不2. v. reveal 露出，暴露e.g. The lady screamed as the snake bared its teeth. 露出了牙齒第3頁/共57頁empty: a. 空的，未裝東西的；空虛的, 無意義的, 無目的.vacant: a. 空的，空缺的 (指無人占用)hollow: a. 空心的，中間空的blank: a. 空白的，無字的，茫然的bare & empty empty a. 1) have nothing or nobody in or inside My mind seems completely empty of ideas. (be empty of something) 2) without sense or purposeempty words/ talk/ dreams/ promise第4頁/共57頁react: vi. act or behave in a particular way in answer.作出反應(yīng)，反應(yīng) Eg: The firm reacted to the workers complaints by dismissing the manager. 公司對(duì)工人投訴的反應(yīng)是解雇了這個(gè)經(jīng)理 Collocation:react to 對(duì)反應(yīng)react on / upon = have an effect on 對(duì)有影響, 起作用react against 反抗，反對(duì) 她以離家出走來反抗婚姻.She reacted against her marriage by running away. reaction: n.反應(yīng) Eg: -What was his reaction to the news? - His reaction to the news was unhappiness. 第5頁/共57頁crisis: n. (pl. crises) time of difficulty, danger, etc. 危機(jī), 危急關(guān)頭 economic crisisenergy crisis經(jīng)濟(jì)危機(jī)能源危機(jī)In times of crisis its good to have a friend to turn to. come to a crisisface a crisispass a crisisat a crisisEg: Many American people lost their jobs in the economic crisis of 1929.陷入危機(jī)面臨危局渡過危機(jī), 脫離危險(xiǎn)期 在緊急關(guān)頭He has reached the crisis in his illness. 他的病情已經(jīng)到了危急關(guān)頭危難時(shí)好在有朋友可以投奔。 第6頁/共57頁contract: vi. -n. contraction1). make or become smaller or shorter 收縮，縮小，縮短Metal contracts as it cools.金屬遇冷收縮。3). settle or arrange by formal arrangement 訂（契約） Note: shrink v. 縮小；縮短；尤指布的縮水My shirt has shrunk so much after washing that I cant wear it any more. 2). make or become tighter or narrower 縮緊；縮窄Her stomach contracted at the sight of a dead rat. contract: n.合約，合同，契約draw up a contractsign a contract break the contract草擬合同簽訂合同撕毀合同第7頁/共57頁motion： 1. v. give a signal by moving the hand or head; signal to sb. 打手勢(shì)；點(diǎn)（或搖）頭示意He motioned me to sit down while talking into the phone.Note: motion to sb. motion sb. to do sth.2. n. 1) signal by hand or head 手勢(shì)，眼色，動(dòng)作He made a motion with his hand to make me sit down.make a motion: 打手勢(shì)；提議2) moving（物體的）運(yùn)動(dòng)Never get on or off a bus while it is in motion.Note: motion picture: 電影 be in motion: 在運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)之中3) proposal to be discussed and voted on at a meeting 提議，動(dòng)議第8頁/共57頁On the motion of Mr. Howard, a purchasing committee was set up.Note: on the motion of sb. : 經(jīng)的提議CF:motion, move & movement這些名詞都有“運(yùn)動(dòng)”之意。motion 指不處于靜止?fàn)顟B(tài)而在移動(dòng)的過程中，強(qiáng)調(diào)運(yùn)動(dòng) 本身，而不涉及其動(dòng)因。move 著重開始的行動(dòng)或變化。movement 通常抽象地指有規(guī)則的動(dòng)作或定向運(yùn)動(dòng)，特指 政治性的運(yùn)動(dòng)第9頁/共57頁Likely: (adj.) probable 可能的，有希望的It is likely to rain.nIt is likely that they will lose the election.Pattern: be likely to do sth. It is likely that (adv.) probably 可能地 (多與most, very連用)他們很有可能坐汽車來They will very likely come by car.Note: unlikely a. & adv. （反義詞） likelihood n. 可能性Not likely!= Certainly not! 決不可能！第10頁/共57頁impulse: (n.) sudden wish to do sth. 沖動(dòng)，一時(shí)的念頭Collocation:a man of impulseact on impulsefeel an impulse to do sth.易沖動(dòng)的人一時(shí)沖動(dòng)，一時(shí)心血來潮有做某事的沖動(dòng)Dont act on impulse. You will regret it later.第11頁/共57頁emerge: vi. come or appear (from somewhere) 出現(xiàn)，浮現(xiàn)；(問題等)發(fā)生，(事實(shí)等)暴露太陽從云層后面露出來。The sun emerged from behind the clouds.If the economy goes on like this, another crisis will emerge soon.emerge & appear 這兩個(gè)動(dòng)詞均有“出現(xiàn)”之意。emerge 強(qiáng)調(diào)緩緩出現(xiàn)的過程。appear 強(qiáng)調(diào)公開露面，被看見。第12頁/共57頁1. Who do you think are braver, women or men? (Please give an example to support your statement.)2. Do you think women can do everything men can? 3. Do you believe that women can face a crisis with great self-control?Prejudice Against Women 第13頁/共57頁 Prejudice Against Women Women have been prejudiced against for centuries perhaps ever since life on earth. They have long been referred to as “weaker sex”, considered naturally weaker than men, unable to perform the work that requires muscles or pluck the courage to face up to any crisis. As we know, Plato(柏拉圖), Aristotle, Shakespeare, and Confucius all made negative remarks about women. And even today, such a prejudice has not entirely been eliminated and the argument in the text shows how hard long-standing prejudices die.The story begins- 第14頁/共57頁第15頁/共57頁Contents Pre-activities: background information (India, Cobra ) Fast Reading: Comprehension of the Text (Ex.II) Careful Reading: Text Explanation ( ) Post-activities: Related Exercises and Homework第16頁/共57頁Background info - India India used to be a British colony. It is divided into 26 states and 7 union territories. New Delhi is the countrys capital and one of its largest cities. There lived many British officers and their families. On one hand, they were familiar with their living environment already. On the other hand, they still led a British social life - parties, social activities were never ignored.The Taj Mahal 第17頁/共57頁Background info - cobraCobras, found in some parts of Africa and Asia, are poisonous snakes. Most cobras bite their victims and their bite may cause death within a few hours.第18頁/共57頁II. Comprehension of the Text (P6)1.c2.b3.a4.a5.c6.a7.c8.c第19頁/共57頁1. I first heard this tale in India, where it is told as if true though any naturalist would know it couldnt be. Later someone told me that the story appeared in a magazine shortly before the First World War. That magazine story, and the person who wrote it, I have never been able to track down.The Dinner Party Mona Gardne 2. The country is India. A colonial official and his wife are giving a large dinner party. They are seated with their guests officers and their wives, and a visiting American naturalist in their spacious dining room, which has a bare marble floor, open rafters and wide glass doors opening onto a veranda.A heated discussion about whether men are braver than women is settled in a rather unexpected way.Q: When & where was the dinner party?激烈爭論出人意料的方式be seated: sit down 坐下來訪的美國博物學(xué)家第20頁/共57頁When & where? Time: shortly before WWI Place: India - a colonial officials home What was the dinning room like?spacious bare marble flooropen rafterswide glass doors opening onto a veranda第21頁/共57頁shortly (after/before): 不久后/ 不久前Eg : He died shortly after the car crash. He sent me his address in Boston shortly before I left for the US.第22頁/共57頁track down: find (somebody/something) by hunting or searching 追捕到；追查到Eg: She spent two weeks in the library tracking down reference information in almost all the books on the subject.警察需要你來幫助追捕殺人犯。The police need your help to track down the murderer.第23頁/共57頁I first heard this tale in India, where it is told as if true though any naturalist would know it couldnt be.在此句中，where it is told as if true 是由關(guān)系副詞where引導(dǎo)的非限定性定語從句，修飾India; it couldnt be 中的could為情態(tài)動(dòng)詞，表示已較有把握的推測(cè)，具有一定的肯定性；as if true是一個(gè)省略的方式狀語從句，在表示時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)、條件、方式、讓步等的狀語從句中，如果從句的主語和主句的主語一致，從句的主語可以省略，如果從句的主語是it，謂語動(dòng)詞是be, 則it be可以省略。 當(dāng)我第一次聽到這個(gè)故事是在印度，那兒的人至今講起它來仍像確有其事似的 盡管任何一個(gè)博物學(xué)家都知道這是不可能的。 第24頁/共57頁3. A spirited discussion springs up between a young girl who says that women have outgrown the jumping-on-a-chair-at-the-sight-of-a-mouse era and a major who says that they havent. 4. “A womans reaction in any crisis,” the major says, “is to scream. And while a man may feel like it, he has that ounce more of control than a woman has. And that last ounce is what really counts.” 5. The American does not join in the argument but watches the other guests. As he looks, he sees a strange expression come over the face of the hostess. She is staring straight ahead, her muscles contracting slightly. She motions to the native boy standing behind her chair and whispers something to him. The boys eyes widen: he quickly leaves the room. Q: What happened at the dinner party?第25頁/共57頁spring up: begin suddenly, increase or grow quickly and as if from nowhere 突然開始；迅速生長Eg: It was rather warm all day. But towards evening a cold wind sprang up. 一整天都很暖和, 但傍晚時(shí)分，刮起了一陣?yán)滹L(fēng). A strange idea sprang up in her mind. 第26頁/共57頁outgrow: vt. 1) grow more thanHe has outgrown his elder brother.他長得比他哥哥還高。2) grow too large for 長大得使不再適用The boy has outgrown this suit.3) lose or discard in the course of maturation 成長得不再要她長大成熟后不再擁有年輕時(shí)代的幻想。She outgrew her youthful idealism.第27頁/共57頁jumping-on-a-chair-at-the-sight-of-a-mouse這是一個(gè)由定語從句 (the era) when they would jump on a chair at the sight of a mouse變化而來的復(fù)合形容詞。更多的例子如下：a not-so-easy-to-operate machinean always-say-no-to-anybody-girlat (the) sight of: on seeing 一看見Eg: I always faint at the sight of blood.nNote: at the thought of; n at the sound of;n at the mention of;n at the touch of;第28頁/共57頁A spirited discussion springs up between a young girl who says that women have outgrown the jumping-on-a-chair-at-the-sight-of-a-mouse era and a major who says that they havent. 席間，一位年輕的女士與一位少校展開了激烈的討論。年輕的女士認(rèn)為，婦女已經(jīng)有所進(jìn)步，不再像過去那樣一見到老鼠就嚇得跳到椅子上；少校則不以為然。第29頁/共57頁feel like: have a liking for, wish for; want (something to do something)What lovely weather! I do feel like a swim.nHe is so sick today that he does not feel like having anything to eat.Note: feel like+ n./ doing something 第30頁/共57頁count: (vi.) be of value or importance 重要，有價(jià)值他說: 一遇到危急情況, 女人的反應(yīng)便是尖叫. 而男人雖然也可能想叫, 但比起女人來, 自制力卻略勝一籌. 這多出來的一點(diǎn)自制力正是真正起作用的東西.4. “A womans reaction in any crisis,” the major says, “is to scream. And while a man may feel like it, he has that ounce more of control than a woman has. And that last ounce is what really counts.” At the moment, every minute counts.第31頁/共57頁argument: n. 1) discussion by persons who disagree; dispute 爭論；辯論Eg: They spent hours in argument about / over the plan. 2) reason given to support or disapprove something 理由，論據(jù)Eg: There are many arguments against smoking. 第32頁/共57頁She is staring straight ahead, her muscles contracting slightly.This is an absolute construction（獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)） used as an adverbial of behavior or way. Instead of v-ing form we can also use v-ed form, adjective, adverbial, prepositional phrase, or even infinitive in this structure.More examples:He rushed into the room, his face covered with sweat.The girl entered the classroom, her nose red with cold.第33頁/共57頁 What do you think are the differences between men and women? 第34頁/共57頁- Men grasp a situation as a whole and think globally, while women think locally, relying on details and nuances(微妙之處).- Men are builders and creators. They take risks and experiment, while women select the most valuable knowledge and pass it over to the next generation.- Men are more independent in their thoughts and actions, while women are more willing to follow the ideas suggested by others. - Womens self-appraisal is lower than that of men. Women tend to criticize themselves, while men are more satisfied with their own performance.- Men and women have different sources of satisfaction. For men its career and prosperity, while women value family and kids. - Men have a pronounced need to fulfill their goals, and women rank relationships with others first.Men VS Women第35頁/共57頁a heated discussionin an unexpected waygive a large dinner partytrack downbe seateda spacious dining roomat the sight ofwhat really countsUseful Expressions of Paras.1-6 1.1.激烈爭論2.2.出人意料的方式3.3.舉行盛大晚宴4.4.追捕 / / 查到5.5.坐下6.6.寬敞的餐廳7.7.一看見8.8.真正重要的是9.9.參加爭論10.10.兩眼盯著正前方j(luò)oin in an argumentstare straight ahead第36頁/共57頁6. Of the guests, none except the American notices this or sees the boy place a bowl of milk on the veranda just outside the open doors.7. The American comes to with a start. In India, milk in a bowl means only one thing bait for a snake. He realizes there must be a cobra in the room. He looks up at the rafters the likeliest place but they are bare. Three corners of the room are empty, and in the fourth the servants are waiting to serve the next course. There is only one place left under the table.8. His first impulse is to jump back and warn the others, but he knows the commotion would frighten the cobra into striking. He speaks quickly, the tone of his voice so commanding that it silences everyone.9. “I want to know just what control everyone at this table has. I will count three hundred thats five minutes and not one of you is to move a muscle. Those who move will forfeit 50 rupees. Ready!” 最有可能的地方上下一道菜第37頁/共57頁Of the guests, none except the American notices this or sees the boy place a bowl of milk on the veranda just outside the open doors.在座的客人中除了那個(gè)美國人以外誰也沒有注意到這一幕，也沒有看到那個(gè)男仆把一碗牛奶放在緊靠門邊的走廊上。Can we use “and” to replace the word “or” in this sentence?No. Because according to the grammar you must use “or” instead of “and” after a negative word such as “none” and “not”.Eg: I do not like coffee or tea. Translate this sentence into Chinese.第38頁/共57頁comes to: be aware of; return to consciousness 蘇醒When he came to, he found himself in a hospital. nNote: come to: amount to 總計(jì)，達(dá)到come to a conclusion / decision:come to no good end:When it comes to+ n./ doing something :得出結(jié)論沒有好下場(chǎng)談到，說到 comes to with a start突然醒悟第39頁/共57頁warn: vt. 1)give notice of possible danger to;警告；告誡 2)inform in advance of what may happen 預(yù)先通知Pattern: warn somebody of warn somebody that warn somebody not to do somethingEg: We had warned him of the danger but he turned a deaf ear to our warning.孩子們被告誡不要給陌生人開門nThe children were warned not to open the door to a stranger.第40頁/共57頁frighten sb. into doing sth.: cause sb. to do sth. by frightening him使某人嚇得做某事Eg: They tried every possible means to frighten the old man into signing the paper. (force, talk, shock, persuade, trick etc. 有同樣用法)Exercise VI-2 P13Pattern:frighten sb. into (doing) sth. frighten sb. out of doing sth. be frightened offrighten away / offbe frightened to death使某人嚇得做某事使某人嚇得不做某事害怕, 對(duì)感到恐懼嚇跑, 嚇走嚇?biāo)懒说?1頁/共57頁他首先想到的便是往后一跳，并警告其他的人，但是他知道這樣會(huì)引起騷動(dòng), 致使眼鏡蛇受驚嚇咬人。 于是他很快講了一通話, 其語氣非常威嚴(yán), 竟使所有的人都安靜了下來.His first impulse is to jump back and warn the others, but he knows the commotion would frighten the cobra into striking. He speaks quickly, the tone of his voice so commanding that it silences everyone.第42頁/共57頁1. They frightened the child into telling the truth.2. He tricked her into marrying him by pretending that he was a millionaire.3. My tactless words forced the old gentleman into buying something he could not possibly afford.4. He finally talked me into accepting his terms.5. The girl persuaded her farther into giving up smoking.6. Their severe criticism shocked her into realizing her selfishness.第43頁/共57頁be+ to:is often used to talk about planned arrangements or to indicate duty, necessity, etc.Exercise VI-3 P142. An investigation is to be made next week.3. I am to meet them at the airport.5. The medicine is to be taken three times a day after meals. 第44頁/共57頁10. The 20 people sit like stone images while he counts. He is saying “. two hundred and eighty” when, out of the corner of his eye, he sees the cobra emerge and make for the bowl of milk. Screams ring out as he jumps to slam the veranda doors safely shut. 11. “You were right, Major!” the host exclaims. “A man has just shown us an example of perfect self-control.”12. “Just a minute,” the American says, turning to his hostess. “Mrs. Wynnes, how did you know that cobra was in the room?”13. A faint smile lights up the womans face as she replies: “Because it was crawling across my foot.” 像石雕一樣端坐著突然響起鎮(zhèn)定自若的典范Q: How did the hostess know that a cobra was in the room?Discussion: Who are braver, men or women?第45頁/共57頁P(yáng)roverbs and Quotations 1. Courage and resolution are the spirit and soul of virtue.勇敢和堅(jiān)定是美德的精神和靈魂。2. Cowards die many times before their deaths.懦夫常喪命。3. Brave actions never want a trumpet. 勇敢的行為不需要吹號(hào)。4. There is no medicine for fear.膽小無藥可治。5. If you dont enter a tigers den, you cant get his cubs.不入虎穴，焉得虎子。第46頁/共57頁make for: 1) move (esp. quickly) towards 走向Eg: When the class was over, everyone made for the dining-room. When he realized the police had spotted him, the man _ the exit as quickly as possible.a. made up for b. made outc. made for d. made upAnswer: c.make up for: 彌補(bǔ)，償還make out: 書寫, 列出；勉強(qiáng)認(rèn)出make up: 虛構(gòu)；組成；化妝第47頁/共57頁faint: weak or slight 微弱的；不明顯的；模糊的，不清楚的Eg: I suddenly felt faint. 我突然覺得頭暈。 He called for help in a faint voice.light up: cause to be bright with light or colour; give light to 照亮，變亮Eg: The candles on the Christmas tree lit up the room.Her face lighted / lit up when she heard the good news. a faint smile lights up ones face: 臉上露出一絲淡淡的微笑第48頁/共57頁Because it was crawling across my foot.What can we learn from this sentence?The hostess is calmer than the American. Thats to say, sometimes women are calmer than men.第49頁/共57頁1.bare 2. empty 3. empty 4. bare 5. empty 6. bare第50頁/共57頁1. shortly 2. track down 3. faint 4. motioned5. at the sight of 6. feel like 7. Slamming8. rang out9. contract 10. made for 11. heated 12. emergedEx.III-2 P81. host2. sprang up/ rang out 3. impulse 4. came to5. track down 6. unexpected 7. outgrow 8. widened9. shortly 10. emerge/ spring up 11. at the sight of 12. made for13. crisis14. colonialEx.III-3 P9第51頁/共57頁1. Jimmy has outgrown the shirts his aunt made for him a few years ago.2. Does the doctor think the elderly lady is likely to survive the operation?/ Its likely that the elderly lady will survive the operation?3. The other day your cousin paid us an unexpected visit.4. Dont you see the nurse motioning us to be silent?5. Her face lit up with joy at his return.6. The sound of her footsteps grew fainter as she walked farther away.Ex.III-4 P10第52頁/共57頁colonial: adj.spacious: adj. Suffixes: -al : of 的 (n. + = adj.) -ous : having the qualities of 具有性質(zhì)的 (n. + = adj.) Exercise IV-1 P10Enriching Your Word Poweradditionalanxiouscourageousdangerousemotionalindustrialmedicalmusicalnationalpersonaladvantageousconditionalcuriouseducationalfamousintentional mountainousmysteriousoccasionalpractical第53頁/共57頁heated: adj.spirited: adj. Suffix: -ed: (n. + = adj.) having or having the characteristics of 有特征的Exercise IV-2 P11a heated discussiona pigtailed girla bearded old manan experienced teachera skilled workercolored flagsa gifted musiciana pointed roofan aged womana diseased plant第54頁/共57頁Homework I. Reading aloud and memorizing The American does not join in the argument but watches the other guests. As he looks, he sees a strange expression come over the face of the hostess. She is staring straight ahead, her muscles contracting slightly. She motions to the native boy standing behind her chair and whispers something to him. The boys eyes widen: he quickly leaves the room. (Para.5)第55頁/共57頁II. Translation 1. 她砰地關(guān)上門, 一聲不吭地走了, 他們之間那場(chǎng)爭執(zhí)就此結(jié)束.2. 出席晚宴的客人對(duì)那個(gè)美國人威嚴(yán)的語氣感到有點(diǎn)意外.3. 你覺得什么時(shí)候最有可能在家里找到他?4. 你們應(yīng)該理論聯(lián)系實(shí)際, 培養(yǎng)應(yīng)用語言的能力.5. 可以肯定的是, 奧運(yùn)會(huì)將為北京帶來成千上萬的中外游客.Their argument ended when she slammed the door and left without a word.The guests at the dinner party were slightly surprised at the commanding tone of the Americans.What do you think is the likeliest time to find him at home?You should combine theory with practice and develop the ability to use the language.It is certain that the Olympics will bring thousands of visitors from home and abroad to Beijing.第56頁/共57頁感謝您的觀看！第57頁/共57頁