五四真題剖析(一)根據(jù)首字母填空A(2018·山東煙臺中考)請根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容及首字母提示填空，使短文意思完整、連貫。The Great Pyramid of Giza is one of the Wonders of the Ancient World. It was 1.b more than 4，000 years ago in Egypt. It is so 2.p that millions of tourists from around the world come to visit it every year.In Egypt there are over 80 pyramids and the 3.l one is the Great Pyramid. It 4.l on the west bank of the Nile. In fact, all the pyramids along the Nile are on the west bank. The ancient Egyptians compared the rising of the sun to the beginning of life and the setting of the sun to the end of life. That is 5.w their dead bodies were buried(埋葬) on the west bank of the Nile.You can 6.h imagine how huge the Great Pyramid is. It has over 2 million blocks. Some are as heavy as five school buses. 7.A they were heavy, workers were able to put a block into the pyramid every three minutes.The workers, Egyptian men and women, worked in teams. The teams had different 8.t . Some dug up the stones. Others moved them. Another team cut the stones. The last group put the stones into the pyramid. There were so many different teams, but the pyramid is perfect. No stone is in the 9.w position.But how did the Egyptians move those heavy stones to the top 10.w any modern machinery(機(jī)械)? No one knows for sure. Many things about the Great Pyramid are still a mystery.【答案及解析】 1built結(jié)合語境及常識可知，此處介紹金字塔修建的時(shí)間，因?yàn)椤敖鹱炙迸c“修建”之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，故填過去分詞built。2popular由“millions of tourists from around the world come to visit it every year.”可知，金字塔很受歡迎，吸引了許多游客，故填popular。3largest結(jié)合前后文可知，此處表示在80多個(gè)金字塔中，最大的一個(gè)是胡夫金字塔，故用形容詞最高級。4lies結(jié)合語境可知，此處介紹金字塔的地理位置，介紹事實(shí)，故用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)；主語為it，故用第三人稱單數(shù)。結(jié)合首字母提示可知，此處填lies。lie on表示“位于”。5why結(jié)合前文可知，此處介紹那就是他們的尸體葬于尼羅河西岸的原因。that is why“那是的原因”。6hardly句意：你幾乎無法想象胡夫金字塔有多大！hardly“幾乎不，簡直不”副詞，在此處修飾動(dòng)詞imagine，表示“幾乎無法想象”。7Although前后兩句句意存在轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，結(jié)合首字母提示可知填A(yù)lthough“雖然，盡管”。8tasks由下文可知人們分工合作，每個(gè)組都有不同的任務(wù)，故填tasks“任務(wù)”。9wrong由上文可知人們分工合作建造了完美的金字塔，沒有一塊石頭被放錯(cuò)位置。wrong position“錯(cuò)誤的位置”。10without句意：在沒有現(xiàn)代機(jī)械設(shè)備的情況下，埃及人是如何將這些沉重的石頭放在金字塔的頂端的？without“沒有，無”，表示否定，符合句意。B(2018·山東萊蕪中考)閱讀短文，根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容及首字母提示，在空白處填入一個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~。An old lady went into the building of a bank one day, carrying a large bag of money. She asked to speak with the president of the bank.“How can I help you？”the bank president asked. She replied, “I would like to open a savings account(存款賬戶)，” and placed the bag of 1.m on his desk.The president was surprised to see this, so he asked her, “Madam, how did you make this money？” The old lady 2.r ，“I make bets(賭注)” Surprised, the president then asked, “What kind of bets？” The old woman said，“Well, for example, I'll bet you 5，000，000 yuan that your tongue will become square by 10 o'clock tomorrow morning.“What？”the president asked. He then smiled and said, “You've got yourself a bet！”and shook her hand 3.h . The old lady said, “Okay. May I bring my lawyer with me tomorrow 4.a a witness(見證者)？”“Sure！” the president confidently answered.The next morning, at 10, the old lady showed 5.u with her lawyer at the president's office. She asked the president to 6.o his mouth so they could all see. The old lady looked closely at his tongue and then asked 7.i she could touch it.“Well, 5，000，000 yuan is a lot of money.I guess it's OK.” the president said. At this moment, he saw that the lawyer was hitting his head 8.a the wall. The president asked, “What is the 9.m with your lawyer？” The old lady answered, “I bet him 10，000，000 yuan that I would 10.t the tongue of the president of this bank at 10 am. today.”【答案及解析】 1money由前文的carrying a large bag of money，open a savings account等提示可知此處是把一袋子錢放到了桌子上。2replied由前文可知銀行董事長問了這位老婦人一個(gè)問題，此處應(yīng)是老婦人回答，結(jié)合首字母提示及事件發(fā)生的過程的時(shí)態(tài)可知，應(yīng)填動(dòng)詞的過去式replied。3happily由前面提示詞smiled“微笑”可推斷這個(gè)銀行董事長高興地握住婦人的手，“握手”是動(dòng)詞，需要副詞來修飾，故用副詞形式happily。4as結(jié)合語境可知，老婦人詢問明天可以帶一位律師作為一個(gè)見證人嗎，故用as“作為”。5up句意：第二天，這位老婦人和她的律師出現(xiàn)在董事長的辦公室。show up“出現(xiàn)”，固定搭配。6open句意：這位老婦人讓銀行董事長張開嘴。ask sb to do sth.“讓某人做某事”， 故to 后用open的動(dòng)詞原形。7if此處為賓語從句，結(jié)合語境可知老婦人詢問銀行董事長是否可以觸摸它，if“是否”。8againsthit.against.“用撞”是固定搭配。9matter“What's the matter？”用來詢問發(fā)生了什么，故用matter。10touch由前文第三段最后一句可知用動(dòng)詞“touch”。情態(tài)動(dòng)詞would后用touch的動(dòng)詞原形。 (二)選詞填空(2018·山東威海中考)根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，選擇適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或短語填空，使短文意思完整。每個(gè)選項(xiàng)僅使用一次。Aride to the gym BbecauseCkeeping fit DsoEcheer me upFenjoy my day offGhealthierHalsoIfunnyJcoughing and sneezingHi Jake，How's it going? Sorry I haven't been in touch for a while, but couldn't use my computer for a few days. You'll never guess what happened to me!A couple of weeks ago, I decided to take up yoga. Yoga is a combination of physical and breathing exercises. It's supposed to be good for relaxation and 1. . I've been feeling a bit stressed about my school work recently and I thought yoga might help.My dad couldn't give me a lift to the first lesson, so I decided to 2. . The lesson was great and I felt really relaxed afterwards. On the way home, though, it started raining and I got very wet! The next day, I woke up with a bad cold. I couldn't stop 3. I couldn't go to school 4. I also had a high temperature. We were having a math test that day so it was great that I could stay at home. I didn't really 5. ， though. I felt awful and stayed in bed. Mum brought me cups of hot tea for my sore throat (and you know how much I hate tea！). She 6. went to the chemist's and got me some vitamin pills. I have to keep taking these for a while 7. I can get stronger.That afternoon Robbie came to visit me. He said he'd got something to 8. and pretended it was the math test that I'd missed. “Mr Bank says you can do it at home instead，” he said, but I knew he was joking. I didn't think it was very 9. ， but he did!The next day, I was still a bit pale and didn't have much energy, but I was feeling better. The day after that, I was able to go back to school.Can you believe my luck? I went to the yoga class to feel 10. and instead I caught a cold!Anyway, I hope you're OK. Write and let me know what you've been up to!Bye for now!Kate【答案及解析】 1C根據(jù)常識可知瑜伽有助于(身心)放松，保持身體健康。for為介詞，其后接名詞或動(dòng)名詞，結(jié)合句意及選項(xiàng)可知選C。2A根據(jù)前一句內(nèi)容可知，爸爸不能夠捎帶“我”去體育館，故接下來是描述“我”自己如何去體育館的，結(jié)合選項(xiàng)可知選A。3J根據(jù)常識可知，感冒時(shí)會咳嗽、打噴嚏，故選J。4B前后兩句句意存在因果關(guān)系，“我”不能去上學(xué)，是因?yàn)椤拔摇卑l(fā)高燒，故選B。5F由“though”可知，此處發(fā)生轉(zhuǎn)折，與前文描述內(nèi)容相反，再結(jié)合后文可知“我”雖然在家但是我并不舒服，結(jié)合選項(xiàng)可知選F。6H分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，此處缺少一個(gè)副詞修飾謂語動(dòng)詞；再根據(jù)語境可知，“我”媽媽給“我”倒熱茶喝，也去醫(yī)生那里給“我”買維生素片，故選H。7D結(jié)合語境可知，“我”吃維生素片是為了快點(diǎn)好起來，使身體更強(qiáng)壯，故此處選D。so在此處表示“如此，這么”。8E結(jié)合前后文及語境可知，此處是表示Robbie想要用某事來讓“我”振作起來，故選E。9I由前文提示詞“joking”可知，此處填與其意思接近的單詞，結(jié)合選項(xiàng)可知選I。10G由“instead I caught a cold”可知，此處填與其意思相反的單詞或短語，結(jié)合選項(xiàng)可知選G。5