英語：Unit 1Friendship 學(xué)案（新人教版必修1）核心單詞1. addvt.& vi. 增加；加；加起來；補充說； 又說常用結(jié)構(gòu)：add to增添；增加；增進 add .to .把增添到add up合計，相加add up to總數(shù)為；總計為He added some wood to increase the fire.他添了一些木柴，使火更旺些。If you add 4 to 3 you get 7.四加三得七。Unit 1 FriendshipI should like to add that we are pleased with the test result. 我還要補充一下,我們對測試結(jié)果很滿意。I dont want to add to your troubles.我不想給你添麻煩。 He wrote down the weight of each stone and then added up all the weights.他把每一塊石頭的重量記下來，然后把所有的重量加在一起。The figures add up to 137.這些數(shù)目加起來總和是137。高手過招單項填空Thats all I have to say. Is there anything youd like to , John?A. talk B. require C. add D. deliverThat is the very coin I need to my collection.（2010陜西西安一中檢測）A. add up B. add in C. add on D. add to 解析：選C?？疾閯釉~辨析。句意為：我要說的就是這些，約翰你還有什么要補充的嗎？解析：選D。add to的意思是“添加到”。2. upsetadj. 心煩意亂的；不安的；不適的vt. ( upset, upset) 使不安；使心煩；打翻；打亂聯(lián)想拓展be upset by.被 打亂upset oneself about sth.為某事煩惱Our arrangements for the weekend were upset by her visit.她一來把我們周末的安排給打亂了。Dont upset yourself no harm has been done.不要難過并沒有造成任何傷害。He was horribly upset over her illness. 他為她的病而憂心忡忡。The students really upset her. 學(xué)生們著實讓她煩惱。 高手過招用upset的適當(dāng)形式填空（原創(chuàng)）The food my stomach.She felt rather on hearing the news. Is it an message?Dont be . It will be OK.upset upset upsetting upset3. ignorevt. 不理睬；忽視I said hello to her, but she ignored me completely.我向她打招呼，可是她根本不理我。 He ignored the speed limit and drove very fast.他不顧時速限制，把車開得飛快。聯(lián)想拓展ignorant adj. (對某事物）不了解的；無知的；無學(xué)識的be ignorant of/about sth.不知道；沒有意識到ignorance n.無知；愚昧；不知道be in ignorance of/about sth. 不知道某事 易混辨析ignore/neglect/overlook ignore 通常指有意不顧，或不理會顯而易見的事物。neglect 側(cè)重指有意的忽略或忽視，也可指粗心與疏忽。overlook指因匆忙而疏忽或視而不見。高手過招 （1）用ignore/neglect/overlook的適當(dāng)形式填空 （原創(chuàng)）We could not afford to such a serious offence.He utterly my warnings and met with an accident.Dont to pay him a visit now and then.(1)overlook ignored neglect（2）單項填空So you didnt say hello to him last night?Well, I stopped and smiled when I saw him, but he me and walked on. （2010杭州一模）A. Ignored B. refused C. denied D. missed(2)解析：選A。答句句意為：我看到他就停下來沖他微笑，但是他沒理我就走了。ignore不理睬，忽視；refuse拒絕；deny否認，拒絕給予；miss懷念，錯過。4. concernn. U關(guān)心，擔(dān)心，擔(dān)憂；C有利害關(guān)系的事 vt. 涉及，關(guān)系到，參與；使擔(dān)心聯(lián)想拓展concerning prep. 關(guān)于concerned adj.有關(guān)的；擔(dān)心的concern sb.與某人有關(guān)be concerned with sth.牽涉，與有關(guān)；參與concern oneself with 關(guān)心be concerned about/for/over sth.擔(dān)心；關(guān)心某事as/so far as . be concerned關(guān)于；至于；就而言As far as I am concerned, you can go wherever you want.就我而言，你什么時候走都行。We read stories concerning visitors from outer space.我們讀了關(guān)于天外來客的故事。I was very concerned about my mothers illness. 我很擔(dān)心母親的病情。高手過招（1）單項填空The meeting was concerned reforms and everyone present was concerned their own interests. （2010福建廈門雙十中學(xué)檢測）A. with; for B. for; which C. for; about D. about; with（2）用concern的適當(dāng)形式填空（原創(chuàng)）There is an article that the rise of the prices. The children are rather about their mothers health. Officials should themselves public affairs. (1)解析：選A。句意為：這次會議牽涉到改革，在場的每個人都很擔(dān)心自己的利益。be concerned with 牽涉到,和有關(guān)；be concerned for/about 擔(dān)心；關(guān)心。(2)concerns concerned concern；with5. settlevi. 安家；定居；停留vt. 使定居；安排；解決Both wanted to settle their scores.雙方都愿意盡棄前嫌。常用結(jié)構(gòu)：settle down 鎮(zhèn)定下來settle in 在定居He settled his child in a corner of the compartment.他把孩子安頓在車廂的一個角落里。The family has settled in Canada.這家人已定居加拿大。高手過招單項填空Do you know anyone in Paris?No. Ill make friends once .（2010福建廈門六中檢測）A. Im settled B. I have settledC. Ill be settled D. Im settlingThe brake of your bicycle has come loose. Youd better it .（2010陜西西安交大附中）A. settle B. fixC. pick D. correct 解析：選A。settle作“安家”講時，既可用settle，也可用be settled。本題是由once(一旦)引起的時間狀語從句，故用一般現(xiàn)在時表將來。解析：選B。由句意可知，因為自行車的車閘壞了，因此要“修理”。6. suffervt. 遭受；忍受；蒙受vi.后接from/for意為“受之苦”，“患疾病”常用結(jié)構(gòu)：suffer an attack/a defeat/losses/pains遭受打擊/失敗/損失/痛苦He suffered hard pains from the accident.他忍受著事故帶來的痛苦。Do you suffer from headaches? 你經(jīng)常頭痛嗎? Shes suffering from loss of memory. 她患有遺忘癥。聯(lián)想拓展sufferer n. 受苦者，受難者suffering n.痛苦，苦難 高手過招（1）單項填空In the countryside there are many dropouts (輟學(xué)者). I think the difficulty the poor economic conditions.（2010浙江嘉興一輪檢測）A. lies in B. result inC. leads to D. suffers from （2）翻譯句子我們在金融危機中損失慘重。(1)解析：選A?？疾槎陶Z辨析。lie in在這里相當(dāng)于because of。(2)We suffered huge losses in the financial crisis. 重點短語7. go through經(jīng)歷；經(jīng)受；檢查；瀏覽；用完；做完The country has gone through too many wars. 這個國家經(jīng)歷了太多的戰(zhàn)爭。Shes gone through a bad patch recently. 她最近經(jīng)歷了一段困難時期。Have you gone through all your money already?你把所有的錢都花完了嗎？I went through the students papers last night.昨晚我仔細閱讀了學(xué)生的試卷。聯(lián)想拓展go after追求；追趕go ahead 前進；請說（做）吧go by走過；（時間）過去go along with向前；（與.)一起去go in for愛好；從事go out 外出；（燈，火）熄滅go over 越過；復(fù)習(xí)go through with 做完；完成go up 爬上；（價格等）上升高手過招單項填空Wed better try to with the experiment, I think. Now lets with it.（2010河南許昌一模）A. go through; go on B. go on; go overC. go over; go through D. go on; go throughIf a person has taken too much medicine by mistake, you should make the person .（2010平頂山一中月考）A. go up B. rise up C. throw up D. set up 解析：選A。go through with sth.意思是“做完，完成”；go on with 意思是“繼續(xù)”。解析：選C。throw up的意思是“嘔吐；吐出”。8. get sth.done讓別人做某事/使得某事被做done是過去分詞作賓語補足語，與have sth. done句型的用法一樣。get sb./sth. doing使某人/某事物起來get sb. to do sth.使/讓某人做某事get done （狀態(tài)的改變）get作系動詞，相當(dāng)于beget away逃脫；離開get back回來；取回get by維持生活；通過get down to sth./doing sth.開始認真做某事get in進站；到達；收集get off下來；下車get on上車；進展；進步get cross(對)生氣，發(fā)脾氣get in ones way擋路，妨礙get used to doing sth.習(xí)慣做某事get involved in涉及get in touch with和取得聯(lián)系get it了解，懂得，明白高手過招（1）單項填空The final examination is coming up soon. Its time for us to our studies. （2010河南焦作一中月考）A. get down to B. get outC. get back for D. get over（2）完成句子（原創(chuàng)）講解后，老師讓我們思考起問題來。Shortly after the explanation the teacher got us . 我們將很快為你訂制一套新衣服。We will get a new suit for you. 她試圖使他說話。She tried to get him .(1)解析：選A。該題根據(jù)交際情景考查短語動詞的用法。根據(jù)題意，此處指開始認真學(xué)習(xí)，故選A。get down to開始認真考慮，符合題意。get out出去，離開，逃脫，泄露；get back for回來，恢復(fù)；get over爬過；克服，熬過；恢復(fù)，原諒。故B、C、D三項均不符合題意。(2)thinking made to talk9. set down放下；記下；登記Passengers may be set down and picked up only at the official stops.乘客只有在正式車站方可上下車。聯(lián)想拓展set about (doing sth.) 著手（做某事）set out (to do sth.)開始，著手(做某事)set aside留出；不顧set back（把鐘等）往回撥；推遲set free釋放；解放set off動身，出發(fā)（去某地）；使爆炸set out動身，出發(fā)；安排，組織set up開辦；建立；設(shè)立set an example to樹立榜樣set fire to .= set . on fire縱火燒be set in以為背景The bad weather set back the building programme by several weeks.由于天氣惡劣，建筑計劃延誤了好幾個星期。We need to set about finding a solution.我們得著手尋找一個解決辦法。溫馨提示set about 和set out都可作“開始/著手做某事”講，但set about 后加doing sth.， 而set out后加 to do sth.。 高手過招單項填空As soon as he got to the office, he the students papers.（2010山東濟南一中月考）A. got down to correct B. got down to correcting C. set down to correctingD. sit down to correcting 解析：選B。get down to意思是“著手做某事”，其中to是介詞，后跟名詞或動名詞。 10. on purpose故意The boy broke Jacks window on purpose. He wanted to frighten Jack.那男孩是故意打破杰克的窗玻璃的，他想嚇一下杰克。聯(lián)想拓展purpose n. 目的，用途；目標(biāo)；重要意義for the purpose of 為了to little/no purpose 作用不大/徒勞The purpose of the book is to provide a complete guide to the university.這本書的目的是全面介紹這所大學(xué)。高手過招用purpose的適當(dāng)形式或短語填空 （原創(chuàng)）He didnt do it . What was your ?on purpose purpose 11. join in 參加；加入They didnt have enough time to join in the activity.他們沒有足夠的時間來參加這個活動。聯(lián)想拓展join sb. in sth.與某人一起做某事join up入伍；參軍join up with sb.與某人聯(lián)合；會合join hands with sb.與某人拉起手來；合伙；聯(lián)合Will you join me in a walk? 你愿意和我一起散步嗎？Let us join hands in friendship.讓我們攜手共建友誼吧。易混辨析join in/join/take part in/attendjoin in 參加正在進行著的活動。如游戲、討論、辯論、談話等。join 參加某組織或團體，并成為其中一員;來和某人待在一起。take part in 參加會議或有組織的群眾性活動，并在其中發(fā)揮一定的作用。attend 正式用語，指參加會議、儀式、婚禮、葬禮、上課、上學(xué)、聽報告等，句子的主語是去聽去看，自己不一定起積極作用，相當(dāng)于be present。高手過招用join/join in/take part in/attend的適當(dāng)形式填空（原創(chuàng)）I decided to the club to have dance training.Would you like me to the game?I a meeting last month.I will have to his funeral next week.join join in took part in/attended attend重點句型12. .but your friend cant go until he/she finishes cleaning his/her bicycle.但是你的朋友不把自行車弄干凈不能走。not . until 意為“直到才”，表示主句謂語的動作直到until狀語的時間才發(fā)生，主句的謂語動詞表示的是動作的開始。until引導(dǎo)從句時，如果主句中的謂語動詞是延續(xù)性動作，則主句用肯定式；如果主句中的謂語動詞是短暫性動詞，則用否定形式。“It is/was not until+被強調(diào)的部分+that .”相當(dāng)于“Not until . did (does, do, is .)+主語 .”意為“直到才”，是強調(diào)形式。You must stay in bed until your temperature is normal. 體溫正常后，你才能起床。He didnt leave until the meeting was over. 直到會議結(jié)束他才離開。It was not until she took off her dark glasses that I realized she was a film star. =Not until she took off her dark glasses did I realize she was a film star. =I didnt realize she was a famous film star until she took off her dark glasses. 直到她摘下墨鏡我才認出她是一位電影明星。高手過招單項填空Not until , settle the problem. （2010濰坊一輪驗收）A. he returns; can we B. he returns; we can C. does he returns; we can D. does he return; we can It was back home after the experiment.A. not until midnight did he goB. until midnight that he didnt goC. not until midnight that he wentD. until midnight when he didnt go解析：選A。當(dāng)not until位于句首時句子需倒裝。句意為：直到他回來我們才能解決這個問題。解析：選C。強調(diào)句型It is/was .that對not until .進行強調(diào)時，需把not until .放到強調(diào)結(jié)構(gòu)中，故選C。13. While walking the dog, you were careless and it got loose and was hit by a car. 遛狗的時候，你太大意了，一松手，狗就被車撞了。while walking the dog是連詞while加現(xiàn)在分詞短語結(jié)構(gòu)，強調(diào)分詞的動作正在發(fā)生，相當(dāng)于while you were walking the dog。在時間、條件、讓步、方式等狀語從句中，如果從句的主語與主句的主語一致，謂語含有系動詞be，可以省略從句的主語和系動詞be。 When crossing the street, you should be careful.過馬路時，你應(yīng)當(dāng)小心。If heated, water can be turned into vapour.如果受熱，水會變成蒸氣。溫馨提示在狀語從句中，如果從句的主語為it時，也可以將it和助動詞be省略。Whenever possible they would stop him and ask the three questions.可能的話，他們就讓他停下問他這三個問題。高手過招 單項填空 with the size of the whole earth, the biggest ocean does not seem big at all. （2010山東萊州檢測）A. Compares B. When comparingC. Comparing D. When compared the two systems, little man found the latter advantageous.(原創(chuàng))A. Compare B. When comparedC. Compared D. When comparing解析：選D?？疾闋钫Z從句的省略用法。在狀語從句中，如果從句的主語與主句的主語相同或者主語為it時，可以將從句中的主語或者it和助動詞be省略。本句是將狀語從句“When it is compared with the size of the whole earth”中的it is省略，因此正確答案為D。解析：選D。考點省略。在狀語從句中，當(dāng)從句中的主語與主句的主語一致，且從句中含有be動詞時，通常采用省略形式。句中的little man與compare之間存在邏輯上的主謂關(guān)系，故選D。14. I wonder if its because I havent been able to be outdoors for so long that Ive grown so crazy about everything to do with nature. 我不知道這是不是因為我長久無法出門的緣故，我變得對一切與大自然有關(guān)的事物都無比狂熱。此句中的its .that是強調(diào)句型。關(guān)于強調(diào)句型，我們需要掌握以下幾點：（1）強調(diào)句型的基本結(jié)構(gòu)：“It is/was+被強調(diào)的成分+that/who+其他成分”用來強調(diào)主語、賓語和狀語等成分。that只起連接作用，不作成分，但不能省略。當(dāng)被強調(diào)部分為sb.作賓語時，可用who,也可用that,其他情況一律用that。強調(diào)主語時，that后的謂語動詞必須與被強調(diào)的主語在人稱與數(shù)上保持一致。（2）特殊句式中的強調(diào)句型：如果強調(diào)的是特殊疑問句中的疑問詞，表示“到底”、“究竟”等語氣時，就用如下結(jié)構(gòu)：“特殊疑問詞+is/was+it+that/who+該句的其余部分”，that/who后只能使用陳述語序。在“not .until”結(jié)構(gòu)中，由until所引導(dǎo)的短語（或從句）作時間狀語時，要用固定的強調(diào)句型：“It+is/was+not until .+that+該句的其余部分”，that所引導(dǎo)的從句中的謂語動詞用肯定式。（3）強調(diào)句型要注意和it代表時間、距離、溫度、自然現(xiàn)象、具體事物或人物等時所構(gòu)成的各種句型的區(qū)別。判斷是否是強調(diào)句，可采用“還原法”。如果還原為一般句式后，句子各種成分完整，則是強調(diào)句，否則不是。It was three oclock when I got home.我到家的時候三點。It was at three oclock that I got home.三點鐘我到的家。It was in his town that he was brought up.他是在鎮(zhèn)上被養(yǎng)大的。（強調(diào)句）It was this town where/in which he was brought up.這是他被撫養(yǎng)長大的城鎮(zhèn)。（定語從句）（4）英語中常用助動詞do, does或did強調(diào)謂語。He did go to the airport yesterday, but he didnt find you. 他昨天確實去了機場，但他沒有找到你。It is I that/who am going for a holiday with Mary.是我跟瑪麗一塊兒去度假。When is it that we will have a meeting?我們什么時候開會？高手過招單項填空It is in that poor village, Mary lived and worked 15 years ago, she will build her first school, which inspires everyone to help her.（原創(chuàng)）A. where; when B. that; thatC. that; when D. where; that解析：選D。句意為：就是在那個她生活和工作了15年的貧窮的村莊，瑪麗將要建起她的第一座學(xué)校，這一點鼓舞了人們來幫她。第一空為where引導(dǎo)的非限制性定語從句，第二空填that,構(gòu)成強調(diào)句型，強調(diào)地點狀語。 15. I dont want to set down a series of facts in a diary as most people do .我不愿像大多數(shù)人那樣在日記中記流水賬as引導(dǎo)的從句為比較狀語從句，意為“像大多數(shù)人那么做”。as 用作連詞，可引導(dǎo)下列狀語從句：引導(dǎo)時間狀語從句，強調(diào)主句謂語與從句謂語的同時性；引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句，表示“盡管，雖然，即使”（從句需倒裝）；引導(dǎo)方式狀語從句，表示“以方式”；引導(dǎo)原因狀語從句 (=since; because)，意為“由于，因為”；引導(dǎo)比較狀語從句。As he grew older he lost interest in everything except gardening.隨著他年紀(jì)越來越大，他失去了對所有事物的興趣，除了園藝。Cold as it is, my brother wears only a shirt.盡管天氣冷，我哥哥只穿了一件襯衫。Why didnt you take the medicine as I told you to?為什么你沒有按我說的來服這種藥？As you were not there, I left a message.因為當(dāng)時你不在那，所以我給你留了便條。She is as tall as you. 她和你一樣高。高手過招單項填空 as he is, he speaks English well. （2010山西太原一中月考）A. Little child B. A little childC. The little child D. Child littleIn some countries, are called “public schools” are not owned by the public.（201011江西新余一中質(zhì)量檢測）A. which B. as C. what D. that解析：選B。 在讓步狀語從句中，作表語的名詞如果提前，該名詞常省去冠詞，但若名詞前有修飾語時，就不省略冠詞。解析：選C?？疾閣hat引導(dǎo)的主語從句。what在主語從句中作主語。句意為：在許多國家，所謂的公立學(xué)校并非公眾擁有。16. .it was the first time in a year and a half that Id seen the night face to face .這是我一年半以來第一次目睹夜晚如果前面是“it (will be)is/this (will be)is/that (will be)is+the first/second time that .”句式，表示“某人第幾次做某事”。其中,that引導(dǎo)的是定語從句，后面句子的時態(tài)用現(xiàn)在完成時；如果前面是it (would be)was ., 后面則用過去完成時。It is the first time that I have come to Zhuhai. 這是我第一次來珠海。It was the second time that she had visited London.那是她第二次游覽倫敦。溫馨提示如果time前有l(wèi)ast修飾，此時我們一般不用完成時態(tài)。注意：the first time可起從屬連詞的作用，引導(dǎo)時間狀語從句；for the first time意為“第一次”單獨用作狀語。This is the last time that I shall give you a lesson.這是我最后一次給你們上課了。 高手過招(1)單項填空Its the third time late this week. （原創(chuàng)）A. that you are B. you areC. when you arrived D. that you have been It was for the first time that he to the party.A. Invited B. had been invitedC. has been invited D. was invited(2)翻譯句子（原創(chuàng)）This will be the second time that I have been to the Great Wall.（1）解析：選D?！癐t is the +序數(shù)詞+time+ that從句”為固定句型，從句謂語動詞必須用現(xiàn)在完成時。解析：選D。it was .that是強調(diào)結(jié)構(gòu)，句中強調(diào)狀語“for the first time”故選D。（2） 這將會是我第二次去長城。