Unit5 What were you doing when the rainstorm came?Section A1. 過去進(jìn)行時(shí)(1)用法 過去某個(gè)時(shí)間正在發(fā)生的動(dòng)作 He was cooking at six last night. 昨天晚上六點(diǎn)，他正在做飯。 過去某段時(shí)間正在發(fā)生的動(dòng)作 I was staying here from March to May last year. 去年從3月到5月，我一直呆在這里。(2) 與過去進(jìn)行時(shí)連用時(shí)間狀語，at nine last night/at that time=then/at this time yesterday/或有when the teacher came in/ while he was reading的提示(3) 構(gòu)成：waswere +現(xiàn)在分詞(4) 四個(gè)基本句型肯定句 He was cooking at six last night.否定句 He was not cooking at six last night.一般疑問句 Was he cooking at six last night?回答 Yes, he was. /No, he wasnt.特殊疑問句 What was he doing at six last night?(5) 過去進(jìn)行時(shí)的固定句型 Jim was reading when the teacher came in. 當(dāng)老師進(jìn)來的時(shí)候，吉姆正在讀書。 Jim was reading while Kate was watching TV. 在凱特正在看電視的同時(shí)，吉姆正在讀書。 Jim came in while Kate was watching TV. 在凱特正在看電視的時(shí)候，吉姆進(jìn)來了。(6)比較 He watched TV last night.（過去時(shí)間last night, 用一般過去時(shí)） He was watching TV at nine last night. (過去時(shí)間last night+點(diǎn)時(shí)間at nine, 用過去進(jìn)行時(shí))2. at the time of 在. 的時(shí)候 （常用于過去進(jìn)行時(shí)） rainstorm n 暴風(fēng)雨 raincoat 雨衣 raindrop雨滴3.alarm n 鬧鐘 an alarm clock 一個(gè)鬧鐘 go off 發(fā)出響聲,  (鬧鐘)鬧響，離開 The alarm went off just now. 剛才警鐘響了go over 復(fù)習(xí) go away 離開 go by (時(shí)間)過去 go for a walk 出去散步 go fishing/shopping/skating/swimming 去釣魚/去買東西/去溜冰/去游泳4.heavily adv 在很大程度上 heavyadj. 沉重的How heavy are you?heavily adv 沉重地The army lost heavily.形容風(fēng)大的時(shí)候常用strong/hard, 形容雨雪下得大的時(shí)候用heavily/hard【注】heavy改y為i +ly 變?yōu)閍dv ,類似的adj還有：hungry饑餓的hungrilyhappy快樂的happilyangry生氣的angrilylucky幸運(yùn)的luckily5. miss v. (1)錯(cuò)過(后接名詞、代詞或動(dòng)車ing） Be quick! Or you will miss the early bus. (2)想念；思念 I miss you.(3) n.用于姓名或姓之前，是對(duì)未婚女子的稱呼，但首字母要大寫，“小姐；女生”6. pick up 接電話pick up接電話Tom, I called you, but you didnt pick up撿起；拾起I pick up a wallet on my way home（開車）接某人I will pick you up at the station學(xué)到；獲得He was picking up the skills quickly.7.strange adj. 奇怪的 strangely adv奇怪地 stranger n 陌生人 be strange to 對(duì)感到陌生strange奇怪的Its strange that she came to the party.陌生的He stands in a stranger street.8. With no light outside, it felt like midnight. 外面沒有一絲光亮，讓人感覺這是在午夜。 with + n +adv ，在句中做伴隨狀語 with +n +adj. She can see stars in the dark sky with the window open9.feel like doing sth = would like/want to do sth想要做某事I feel like _ (catch) a clod today.10.report v 報(bào)道 reporter n 記者 make a report 做報(bào)告 weather report 天氣預(yù)報(bào) give a report 作報(bào)告 Its reported that 據(jù)報(bào)道11. so (1)做語氣詞 無實(shí)際意義，表示驚訝或領(lǐng)會(huì)，引出后面內(nèi)容 So, you were the first one to enter the classroom. (2)作副詞 so + adj./ adv “如此” The book is so interesting. (3)作連詞 so + adj./adv +that 從句 so + 從句 所以 so that +從句 以便，為了12.I see . 我知道了。 （表示通過別人提醒而明白、了解） see sb. do sth 看到某人做某事 see sb. doing sth 看到某人正在做某事13.either 也(1) also 也，用于肯定句句中，用在實(shí)義動(dòng)詞之前，系動(dòng)詞、助動(dòng)詞、情態(tài)動(dòng)詞之后。(2) too 也， 用于肯定句句末(3) either 也 ，通常放于否定句末14.while當(dāng).的時(shí)候15.make sure確信； 確保 make sure to do sth make sure of Please make sure to turn off the computer when you leave. Do you know the time of the train? Youd better make sure of it. 16.work 運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)；發(fā)揮作用 The madicine doesnt work.(1)工作，不可數(shù)名詞 He has too much work to do. 他要做的工作太多。 work worker (2)著作或作品，可數(shù)名詞，但多用復(fù)數(shù) He has read many of Hemingways works.(3)工廠，只用復(fù)數(shù)形式，但可表示單數(shù)意義The glass works（=factory) is are near the station. 玻璃工廠在車站附近。17.beat與win辨析We beat them by the score of 2 to 1. 我們以2:1贏了他們。Which team won the football match? 哪個(gè)對(duì)贏了那場足球賽？18.heavily adv 在很大程度上；大量地;猛烈地 heavy adj. 重的（反） light 形容雨雪下得大用heavily/hard19. against 倚；碰；撞(1)反對(duì)，反義詞 for。若表強(qiáng)烈反對(duì)，一般用副詞 strongly Are you for or against the plan? 你對(duì)這個(gè)計(jì)劃是贊成還是反對(duì)呢?(2)位置，靠著、頂著、 The teachers desk is against the wall. 老師的辦公桌靠墻放著。 He stood leaning against the tree. 他站著斜靠在墻上。 20. at first 首先；最初(1) at first = at the beginning 最初，開始 【強(qiáng)調(diào)在時(shí)間順序或做某事過程等開始之初】(2) first of all 首先，第一 【表明陳述事情的重要性】21. fall asleep 進(jìn)入夢(mèng)鄉(xiāng)；睡著(1) sleep =be in bed v 睡覺，指睡的動(dòng)作狀態(tài)(2) get to sleep =fall asleep 入睡，強(qiáng)調(diào)進(jìn)入睡眠的狀態(tài)(3)go to bed 上床睡覺，強(qiáng)調(diào)睡覺的動(dòng)作 He went to bed at ten last night , but he didnt go to sleep until . He only fell asleep for 5 hours.be asleep強(qiáng)調(diào)睡著的狀態(tài)The baby is asleepfall asleep強(qiáng)調(diào)入睡的動(dòng)作My father was so tired that he fell asleep quicklyfall asleep, sleep, go to sleep, get to sleep, go to bed用法區(qū)別(1) fall asleep連系動(dòng)詞+表語，入睡；睡著，指進(jìn)入夢(mèng)鄉(xiāng)，往往含有不知不覺就睡著了的意思。asleep作表 語形容詞。He was just falling asleep when there was a loud knock at the door. 他剛要入睡時(shí)，這時(shí)傳來了響亮的敲門聲。(2)sleep指睡覺時(shí)的一種狀態(tài)，是一個(gè)延續(xù)性的動(dòng)詞。 He likes to sleep for an hour in the afternoon. 他喜歡在下午睡上一個(gè)小時(shí)。(3) go to sleep入睡，睡著，強(qiáng)調(diào)從開始睡到睡著的過程。 I just want to close my eyes and go to sleep as quickly as possible. 我只是想閉上眼睛，盡快地睡上一覺。(4)get to sleep與go to sleep意思相近，但它強(qiáng)調(diào)的是進(jìn)入睡眠狀態(tài)。 She was too excited to get to sleep last night. 她昨晚因太激動(dòng)而不能入睡。(5)go to bed 就寢，上床睡覺，指上床去睡這個(gè)動(dòng)作，與get up相對(duì)應(yīng)。 The students in our school usually get up at six in the morning and go to bed at half past nine in the evening. 我們學(xué)校的學(xué)生通常早晨六點(diǎn)起床，晚上九點(diǎn)半睡覺。22.die down 逐漸變?nèi)?；逐漸消失 die down與die out 指火的熄滅時(shí)，用die down或die out皆可。die down往往指火勢(shì)由強(qiáng)到弱慢慢熄滅，植物慢慢死亡這一過程；die out則指熄滅這一事實(shí)，而且不及die down用的普遍。die down: 反映風(fēng)、聲音、憤怒、掌聲、戰(zhàn)斗等平息下來。die out: 指家庭、種族、物種、組織、信仰等的消失或消亡。23.wake up (v+ adv) 醒來；睡醒24.rise 增加；提高；增強(qiáng)；上升，升起rise升起；上升主語自身移向較高位置Price rose graduallyraise舉起；提高主語發(fā)出的動(dòng)作作用于其他事物L(fēng)ets raise our glasses to Tom.25.過去分詞做定語 fallen leaves 落葉 26.everywhere 處處，到處；各個(gè)地方詞條含義用法例句everywhere處處；到處；各個(gè)地方可用于任何句式We have many friends everywhere in the worldsomewhere某個(gè)地方多用于肯定句中You can go somewhere you like to. anywhere 任何地方否定句You cant go anywhere疑問句Can I go anywhere I choose27. join 加入；參加(1) join=be a member of 參加 ,指加入某種組織，并成為其中的一員。join the army / party 入伍/ 黨 join the club 加入俱樂部 join in 后接活動(dòng)名稱 join sb. 加入到某個(gè)人群之中(2) take part in 參加，指加入群體活動(dòng)中并在活動(dòng)中發(fā)揮重要作用。28.turn on 打開（反）turn off 關(guān)掉29.get to 到達(dá) get got gotten v 得到get to +地點(diǎn)=arrive in/at +地點(diǎn)=reach+地點(diǎn)get on 上車 get up 起床 get used to 習(xí)慣于 get along with sb 與某人相處融洽 get together相聚Section B.1. happen 發(fā)生；碰巧（指偶然性發(fā)生）(1) happen v 發(fā)生 沒有被動(dòng)語態(tài) ，主語是物，強(qiáng)調(diào)某事發(fā)生的偶然性a. sth. happen to sb. 某事發(fā)生在某人身上What happened to you?=What was wrong with him?b. sb. happen to do sth. 某人碰巧做某事 She happened _(be) out when we called.(2)take place 發(fā)生，指事情有計(jì)劃有安排地發(fā)生The sports meeting took place in our school last week.(3) It happened that碰巧2.realize v 意識(shí)到(1) realize + n she didnt realize her mistake.(2) realize +從句 I didnt realize that you were so unhappy.3.over= more than 超過4.make ones way to 在某人去的路上（當(dāng)后接地點(diǎn)副詞時(shí)，應(yīng)省略介詞to） Ill make my way home now. 5.一段時(shí)間+ ago 之前，用于一般過去時(shí)plete v 完成 adj. 完整的 completely 徹底地；完全地 I _( complete) believe in you now. I think you are honest in the matter. They _(complete) building the bridge late next year.7. the rest of 其余的，剩下的, 做主語時(shí)，其謂語動(dòng)詞的數(shù)要與the rest of 修飾的名詞一致。The rest of meat goes bad. The rest of workers are still working hard.8.silence n 沉默 silent 沉默；緘默；無聲 in silence 沉默地、無聲地 = silently keep silent 保持沉默9.remember to do sth與remember doing sth的用法區(qū)別。(1) remember to do sth記得去做某事（此事還未做） Remember to turn off the light when you leave the room. 當(dāng)你離開房間的時(shí)候記得關(guān)燈。(2) remember doing sth記得做過某事（此事已做完） I remember turning off the light when I left the room.我記得離開房間時(shí)關(guān)燈了。10.take down 拆掉；拆毀11.terror n. 恐怖 terrorist 恐怖分子 be full of terror充滿恐怖 art n. 藝術(shù) artist n.藝術(shù)家 science n. 科學(xué) scientist 科學(xué)家 piano n. 鋼琴 pianist n. 鋼琴家 12. hardly 幾乎不； 絕不13. surprise v 使吃驚surprising adj. 令人吃驚的 surprised adj. 吃驚的(1)be surprised to do sth 做某事很吃驚(2)to ones surprise 使某人吃驚的是 (3)in surprise 吃驚地 (4)be surprised at 對(duì)感到吃驚14.hear 聽見，強(qiáng)調(diào)聽的結(jié)果。(1)hear sb. do sth聽見某人做某事；(2)hear sb. doing sth聽見某人正在做某事 We can often hear some children play on the playground. 我們經(jīng)常能聽見一些孩子在操場上玩耍。I heard my sister singing an English song in her room when I came back. hear也有聽說之意，后接that引導(dǎo)的賓語從句。(3) hear about聽說=hear of，后面接詞或短語。 I have heard about/of the story before. 我以前就聽說過這個(gè)故事。(4)hear from收到.的來信；有.的消息=get/receive a letter from. I havent heard from my mother for months. 我已經(jīng)好幾個(gè)月沒有收到我媽媽的來信了。15. true adj. 真的 truly adv. 真地 truth 實(shí)情；事實(shí) to be true to be honest = to tell (you) the truth老實(shí)說；說實(shí)話16. trouble n 困難； 苦惱； 憂慮(1) in trouble 處于困境中 get sb. into trouble 使某人陷入困境(2)What's the trouble with you? = Whats the matter with you?= What wrong with you? 你怎么啦？(3)have trouble（in）doing sth 做某事有麻煩(4) have problem /difficulty/fun (in) doing sth 做某事有問題/困難/樂趣