第9課時八年級下冊 Units 34一、閱讀理解 (2018·山東濟寧經(jīng)濟開發(fā)區(qū)一模)Having a teenager at home can be a real headache. Many teenagers smoke, wear strange hairstyle and even fight. Basically(基本上), they are often taking risks.Earlier studies have shown that teenagers are more likely to make irrational decisions than people from any other age group, including children and adults. Is it that teenagers are too young to tell right from wrong? Not really. So what's the reason?According to Laurence, a teacher from a US university, the reason is that teenagers care a lot about how their peers(同齡人) view themthat is “peer influence”As children enter their teenage years, they spend more time with their friends and classmates, and also they care more about what they think of them. This makes teenagers make decisions without thinking about the costs.In a test, a group of teenagers were asked to play a video driving game. When they played with their friends watching around them, they took more chances and drove more carelessly because that would increase their possibility of winning. But when they played alone, they drove more safely.Why do peers have such a big influence on teens' behavior?As Laurence sees it, a teenager's brain is like a car with a good accelerator(油門) but a weak brake(剎車). The “accelerator” is fully developed by teenage years while the “brake” is still not fully developed. When teenagers are watched by their peers, they usually push hard on the accelerator. With their weak brake, it is likely that they are going to end up in an accident.But the good news is that a violent(暴力的) teenager doesn't necessarily become a violent adult. About two­thirds to three­quarters of violent youth grow out of it. They get more self­controlled.1What does the underlined word “irrational” in the 2nd paragraph mean?AQuick. BCrazy.CCareful. DCorrect.2Why are teenagers often taking risks according to the text？AThey like difficult tasks.BThey don't care about costs.CThey are too young to tell right from wrong.DThey care a lot about what their peers think of them.3How does Laurence explain the influence of peer influence on teens' behavior?ABy using a metaphor(比喻)BBy giving examples.CBy presenting research findings.DBy performing an in­depth analysis(分析)4What can we learn from the text?ATeenagers are easy to have traffic accidents.BPeer influence is bad on teenagers.CMost of the teenagers become less violent when they grow up.DTeenagers shouldn't spend all the free time with their friends.二、單詞拼寫與運用 根據(jù)句意完成已給出首字母或漢語提示的單詞，使補全后的句子意思通順，語法正確。1(2018·山東濟寧魯橋一中月考)N of my parents liked the movie, but I enjoyed it very much.2(2019·原創(chuàng))The project will p young people in our city with work.3(2019·原創(chuàng))Cheating is not a when having a test, or you'll be punished by teachers. 4(2018·山東威海中考改編)The boy t a stone at a bird but missed it.5(2019·原創(chuàng))Everyone is different. We shouldn't (比較) ourselves with others.6(2019·預測)They need some people to (推) this car because it doesn't start.7(2019·預測)What a (浪費) to order so much food for us two! 8(2019·預測)I always feel very (緊張的) when I make a public speech in front of the class.三、語法填空 閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個適當?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。A(2016·山東濟寧中考改編)Lisa Hawkins loves riding her BMX bike(極限單車) and her dream is to go to the Olympics.Lisa first got interested in BMX racing at the age of ten. Once she hired a bike for a pound and immediately 1. (fall) in love with the sport. “It was the best pound I ever spent，” she says. Lisa is only 16 but she has already had lots of success, and got first prize in a world BMX competition last year. BMX racing is quite a 2. (danger) sport.3 this didn't stop her 4. (want) to do more competition. Lisa exercises every day. Like many sports people, she 5. (believe) in luck as well as hard work.B(2019·原創(chuàng))In order to help rural students grow taller and stronger, China's Nutrition(營養(yǎng)) Improvement Program started 6. 2011. According to the program, a lot more money 7. (spend) improving students' meals. More 8. 36 million students from 134，000 primary and junior high schools in poor rural areas have benefited from the program. They are provided 9. healthy food like eggs and milk from Monday to Friday at school. And the result of a survey 10. (show) that the students in those areas are much taller and stronger than before. 四、完形填空 閱讀下面短文，從方框中選擇適當?shù)脑~語填空。方框中有兩個詞語為多余選項。(2019·原創(chuàng))As use up move unable pity controlson marriedWhen Jane was ten years old, she became ill with a terrible disease. This disease damaged Jane's body. She couldn't 1. her arms or legs.Jane is forty years old now. She is 2. to do many things. She can't brush her teeth. She can't put 3. her shoes. She can't run or jump. She can't make breakfast.But she dares to try many things. She has a wheelchair. She 4. her wheelchair with her mouth. She writes letters without her hands. How does she do it? She talks to a special computer. She has a special telephone. She can answer it just by saying “hello”Jane is 5. and has two children. She likes to watch her eleven­year­old son play soccer. From her wheelchair, Jane cheers 6. her son runs and kicks the ball. Her daughter likes to play the piano, but she knows a lot about music. She enjoys encouraging her daughter.Jane speaks to people about the things she has learned as a disabled person.“Everyone faces problems. If you only focus on your problems, you'll have a life full of them. I don't need any 7. . I think about all the good things in my life. I have a life full of good things.”五、閱讀表達 閱讀短文，根據(jù)要求完成文后的題目。(2019·預測)There was a little boy whose name was Peter. He lived in a village close to the sea. The villagers built sea walls to keep sea water from the doors of the houses. But once the sea walls almost put the village in great danger.One day, Peter was walking on his way back home along the sea wall when it began to rain. All of a sudden, he saw a hole in the wall, from which the sea water was running. Peter shouted for help because he knew the hole meant that the sea was making its way through the sea wall, but no answer came. He realized he should do something else as quickly as possible, or the sea water could be pouring over the whole village. He started to rush towards his village. At the same time, the rain became heavier and heavier.It was getting dark, but Peter rushed on and on. He felt cold and hungry. In the rainstorm, he fell down over and over again. Many times he thought about giving up, but he fought on. He remembered his father's words, “Lots of strong men have made every effort to build the walls which can keep the village safe from danger. The sea walls are really important.”Finally, when the boy's father saw him, Peter had been black and blue all over. The boy told the villagers what had happened to the sea wall. They repaired it in time. “Thank God! He saved the village，” they praised Peter. All the villagers called him “Peter the Guard” from then on. Peter's parents were really proud of him!1What did Peter do first after he saw a hole in the wall？(no more than 4 words) 2How did Peter feel when he rushed on and on？(no more than 5 words) 3Who told Peter about the importance of the sea walls？(no more than 2 words) 4請將文中畫線的句子翻譯成漢語。 5請給短文擬一個適當?shù)挠⑽臉祟}。 參考答案一、BDAC二、1.Neither2.provide3.allowed4.threw5compare6.push7.waste8.nervous三、1.fell2.dangerous3.But4.wanting5believes6.in7.was spent8.than9with10.shows四、1.move2.unable3.on4.controls5.married6as7.pity五、1.He shouted for help.2He felt cold and hungry.3His father.4他意識到自己應該盡快做些其他的事情，否則海水會灌進整個村莊。5Peterthe Guard5