專(zhuān)題十八閱讀理解第2講北京東城一模閱讀理解CD篇教學(xué)目標(biāo)1. 掌握本篇閱讀理解中出現(xiàn)的高頻詞及長(zhǎng)難句。2. 掌握閱讀理解的解題技巧, 并能夠指出本篇閱讀理解中運(yùn)用到的解題技巧。3. 通過(guò)閱讀理解高頻詞、長(zhǎng)難句等語(yǔ)料的積累, 及閱讀理解解題技巧的練習(xí), 靈活應(yīng)對(duì)各種閱讀理解題。C篇名師點(diǎn)撥知識(shí)篇“巧婦難為無(wú)米之炊”, 在英語(yǔ)學(xué)習(xí)的過(guò)程中, 語(yǔ)料的積累至關(guān)重要。對(duì)于閱讀理解高頻詞和長(zhǎng)難句的梳理, 能夠?yàn)槲覀兘窈蟮膶W(xué)習(xí)和提升打下良好的基礎(chǔ)。親愛(ài)的同學(xué), 老師已經(jīng)為你梳理出了本篇文章中的一些高頻詞和長(zhǎng)難句, 快來(lái)看看你掌握了嗎？高頻詞（課前檢測(cè)學(xué)生的詞匯量?jī)?chǔ)備, 以教師提問(wèn)的形式進(jìn)行。能夠準(zhǔn)確翻譯的為優(yōu), 模糊翻譯的良, 不會(huì)翻譯的為差。）單詞/短語(yǔ)詞性詞義拓展掌握情況優(yōu)良差normaladj.正常的differentadj.不同的describev.描述frightenedadj.害怕的v. frightenterribleadj.可怕的，很糟的decidev.決定rudeadj.粗魯?shù)模瑹o(wú)理的changev.改變completelyadv.完全的adj. completeexcellentadj. 極好的excitingadj. 令人興奮的popularadj. 受歡迎的discussionn.討論v. discusslook forward to期待，盼望長(zhǎng)難句（課前檢測(cè)學(xué)生的句型儲(chǔ)備, 以教師提問(wèn)的形式進(jìn)行。能夠準(zhǔn)確翻譯的為優(yōu), 模糊翻譯的良, 不會(huì)翻譯的為差。）1. I won't describe what I look like.（優(yōu)*良*差*）_句意：我不想描述我長(zhǎng)什么樣子。本句為賓語(yǔ)從句，what I look like作describe的賓語(yǔ)，要注意翻譯時(shí)的語(yǔ)序。2. It tells an exciting story that makes you feel many different emotions.（優(yōu)*良*差*）_句意：這本書(shū)講述了一個(gè)會(huì)使你感覺(jué)到許多不同情感的令人興奮的故事。本句為定語(yǔ)從句，由that引導(dǎo)的從句修飾先行詞story. 初中閱讀中會(huì)遇到大量的定語(yǔ)從句，翻譯是要注意語(yǔ)序，同時(shí)它也是高中英語(yǔ)的語(yǔ)法重點(diǎn)。方法篇“方法得當(dāng), 事半功倍。”只有語(yǔ)料的積累, 沒(méi)有好方法的輔助也是不夠的。對(duì)于閱讀理解解題方法的梳理, 能夠幫助我們更好地理解閱讀理解的命題邏輯, 在有足夠語(yǔ)料積累的基礎(chǔ)上, 能夠幫助我們爭(zhēng)取高分。親愛(ài)的同學(xué), 老師已經(jīng)為你精心整理了閱讀理解的解題技巧, 快來(lái)看看你掌握了多少？一、閱讀理解解題步驟第一步快速瀏覽全文，了解文章大概。瀏覽時(shí)要注意以下句子：每段的開(kāi)頭和結(jié)尾，重要的情節(jié)句子，如果遇到未學(xué)或不認(rèn)識(shí)的單詞或不理解的句子，可以根據(jù)上下文猜測(cè)，切不可停留而放慢速度。第二步瀏覽問(wèn)題，明確要求。把文章后每個(gè)題目?jī)?nèi)容看明白，這樣又能輔助進(jìn)一步理解文章的主要內(nèi)容，具體做題時(shí)就能對(duì)號(hào)入座，找到文章中確切表達(dá)所要回答問(wèn)題的關(guān)鍵句子。第三步通篇尋讀，確定段落。也就是帶著問(wèn)題去讀，找到要回答問(wèn)題的關(guān)鍵詞、句或意群，以及任何有關(guān)答題的信息，用鉛筆畫(huà)下來(lái)，以便為下一步答題做好充分準(zhǔn)備。第四步逐條分析，對(duì)號(hào)入座。把需要回答的問(wèn)題和尋讀中找到的信息逐條分析，對(duì)號(hào)入座。一般來(lái)說(shuō)，出題者問(wèn)題設(shè)計(jì)都是按照文章內(nèi)容自上到下順序設(shè)計(jì)的，根據(jù)難度先解決容易的，最后解決深層次的理解題。第五步復(fù)讀全文，驗(yàn)證答案。全部題目做完后，必須再仔細(xì)閱讀一遍全文，進(jìn)一步加深對(duì)文章理解，核實(shí)所選答案是否正確。二、閱讀理解解題技巧初中英語(yǔ)選擇型閱讀理解題主要分為四種題型，分別是細(xì)節(jié)理解題，推理判斷題，猜測(cè)詞義題和主旨大意題。接下來(lái)我們將從這四種題型的定義，設(shè)題方式和解題技巧三方面進(jìn)行介紹。題型題型一：細(xì)節(jié)理解題解釋本類(lèi)試題主要考察學(xué)生對(duì)閱讀材料中的某一特定細(xì)節(jié)或文章的主要事實(shí)的理解能力。問(wèn)題包括詢問(wèn)人（who）、物（what）、時(shí)間（when）、地點(diǎn)（where）、原因（cause）、結(jié)果（effect）、文中的數(shù)據(jù)（data）等。新聞、說(shuō)明文、廣告信息等常?？疾爝@些細(xì)節(jié)。設(shè)題方式1. Which of the following statements is true/false?2. Which of the following is (not) mentioned?3. According to the passage, when( where, why, how, who, etc)?解題技巧1. 細(xì)心審題，直接就題找答案2. 變通理解，間接轉(zhuǎn)述找答案3. 多點(diǎn)歸納，綜合事實(shí)找答案典題精析Which hand do you use when write? About 8 to 15 percent of people are left handed. They often have to use tools that are designed for right-handed people. So it is difficult for left-handers to use most tools. If you are right handed, try this experiment: Take a knife with your left hand and try cutting a potato into pieces. Dont be surprised if you feel awkward（別扭的）.If right-handers cut up potatoes with their left hand, they will .A. get hurtB. give up cuttingC. feel awkwardD. change their tools本題可以運(yùn)用到解題技巧1. 細(xì)心審題，直接就題找答案瀏覽題干，確定關(guān)鍵短語(yǔ)為cut up potatoes with their left hand，瀏覽段落，確定關(guān)鍵句 If you are right handed, try this experiment: Take a knife with your left hand and try cutting a potato into pieces. Dont be surprised if you feel awkward（別扭的）.“如果你是一個(gè)習(xí)慣用右手的人，用左手拿刀把土豆切成塊。如果你感到別扭并不讓人驚訝?！保鶕?jù)句意即可推斷出正確答案，故選C。題型題型二：推理判斷題解釋推理判斷題著重考察學(xué)生的邏輯思維能力，即要求學(xué)生根據(jù)文章的邏輯關(guān)系進(jìn)行推理判斷。此類(lèi)題目難度大，涉及面廣，如人物的性格、心理，故事的結(jié)局、寓意，文章的出處、體裁，作者的傾向、態(tài)度等。設(shè)題方式1. It can be inferred from the text that_.2. From the text we know that _.3. With which of the following does the author agree?4. The passage is probably taken from a _.解題技巧1. 通過(guò)文章陳述的事實(shí)進(jìn)行推斷2. 根據(jù)文章所提供的的背景，人物的表情，動(dòng)作和語(yǔ)言進(jìn)行推斷3. 根據(jù)作者的意圖和態(tài)度進(jìn)行推斷典題精析Boredom is often linked with loneliness, buta writer named Meera Syal said boredom had helped her in developingher mind. She told researchers about her childhood. Having few things to do, Syal often talked with her neighbors. She also tried to do things like learning to bake cakes. “But importantly, I Thought and wrote a lot, because I was bored,” Syal said. She kept a diary, filling her time with short stories and poems she made up.Grayson Perry, an artist,grew up in a family with little money. He enjoyed himself by making up stories, drawing pictures for his stories and reading many books in the library. Bored but free, he spent hours looking out of the window, watching the changing clouds and seasons. Perry filled up his free time with what he liked. He became creative, because he could think freely.The writer talks about Syal and Perry to .A. stress the great differences between themB. introduce a popular writer and a famous artistC. suggest good ways of going through boredomD. show effects of boredom on developing creativity本題可以運(yùn)用到解題技巧2. 根據(jù)文章所提供的的背景，人物的表情，動(dòng)作和語(yǔ)言進(jìn)行推斷題干意為“作者談?wù)揝yal和Perry的例子的目的是什么？”。兩個(gè)段落很長(zhǎng)，我們首先要精讀段落，抓住兩個(gè)人物的態(tài)度，第一段中關(guān)鍵句為a writer named Meera Syal said boredom had helped her in developing her mind.意為“Meera Syal說(shuō)無(wú)聊幫助她發(fā)展了她的思想”，第二段關(guān)鍵句為He became creative, because he could think freely.意為“他變得積極，因?yàn)樗軌蜃杂伤伎肌?，由這兩句關(guān)鍵句可知兩個(gè)人都認(rèn)為“無(wú)聊可以發(fā)展創(chuàng)造力，”，故選D。題型題型三：詞義猜測(cè)題解釋單詞的猜測(cè)能力是閱讀理解能力的主要組成部分，是考查對(duì)文中關(guān)鍵詞語(yǔ)的理解。而且，所考察的詞或短語(yǔ)的意義往往不停留在字面上，要根據(jù)文中語(yǔ)境來(lái)判斷。設(shè)題方式1. The underlined sentence in the last paragraph means _.2. The word“”most likely means _.3. Which of the following is closest in meaning to the word _.解題技巧1. 通過(guò)因果關(guān)系猜測(cè)詞義2. 通過(guò)同義詞和近、反義詞的關(guān)系猜測(cè)詞義3. 通過(guò)構(gòu)詞法猜測(cè)詞義4. 通過(guò)定義或釋義說(shuō)明來(lái)猜測(cè)詞義5. 通過(guò)描述猜測(cè)詞義6. 用知識(shí)和生活經(jīng)驗(yàn)猜測(cè)詞義7. 根據(jù)上下文的指代關(guān)系猜測(cè)詞義典題精析Children are expected by their parents to be reading a textbook all the time. However, research shows that it may hamper the development of their imagination, while boredom can give them opportunities to develop creativity.What does the word “hamper” in Paragraph 2 probably mean?A. Slow down.B. Keep up with.C. Go beyond.D. Give rise to.本題可以運(yùn)用到解題技巧2. 通過(guò)同義詞和近、反義詞的關(guān)系猜測(cè)詞義瀏覽本段，會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)本段中存在轉(zhuǎn)折連詞while“然而”，while后的句意為“無(wú)聊能給他們發(fā)展創(chuàng)造力的機(jī)會(huì)”，所以while之前的句意應(yīng)該與之相反，進(jìn)一步推測(cè)詞義。A意為“（使）慢下來(lái)”，B意為“跟上”，C意為“超出”，D意為“引起，導(dǎo)致”，故選A。題型題型四：主旨大意題解釋考查學(xué)生對(duì)文章主題或中心思想的領(lǐng)會(huì)和理解能力。設(shè)題方式1. 問(wèn)標(biāo)題：What is the main topic of the passage? / The best title for the passage is _.2. 問(wèn)中心：The first paragraph is mainly about the _. / The passage is mostly about _.3. 問(wèn)目的，態(tài)度：The author wants to tell _. / The purpose of this article is to _.解題技巧1. 瀏覽文章首尾段和各段開(kāi)頭，抓住主旨段或主旨句2. 瀏覽全文，抓住關(guān)鍵字眼，把握主旨3. 以掌握主旨為前提，處理推斷作者語(yǔ)氣及寫(xiě)作意圖典題精析In the past, people thought it was strange to use the left hand. Young students looked down upon their left-handed classmates. Some children were even punished for using their left hand to write. But these days parents and teachers have accepted that. In almost every school in the world, left-handed students can use their left hand to write.What is Paragraph 2 mainly about?A. Causes of being left handed. B. Encouragement to left-handersC. Punishment for using the left hand. D. Changes in opinions on left-handers.本題可以運(yùn)用到解題技巧2. 瀏覽全文，抓住關(guān)鍵字眼，把握主旨本題考察的是第二段段落大意，要首先鎖定第二段的關(guān)鍵詞but，but之前的關(guān)鍵詞in the past和it was strange to use the left hand表明了在過(guò)去人們認(rèn)為使用左手是奇怪的，but之后的關(guān)鍵詞these days和have accepted that表明了現(xiàn)在人們接受了慣用左手的人。所以這段主要是講述了人們關(guān)于慣用左手的人的態(tài)度上的轉(zhuǎn)變。可以判定答案為Changes in opinions on left-handers.，故選D。語(yǔ)篇精講瀏覽問(wèn)題（抓住題干及選項(xiàng)中的關(guān)鍵詞，以便有目的性的通讀文章）題號(hào)題干及選項(xiàng)1How is Auggie different from other boys?（細(xì)節(jié)理解題）A. His name is special.B. His face shape is not normal.C. He doesnt go to school. D. He likes playing with his Xbox.2Why doesnt Auggie want to go to school at first?（細(xì)節(jié)理解題）A. Because he has to stay in hospital.B. Because his mother teaches better than teachers.C. Because he doesnt think he should go to school.D. Because he is afraid other students may make fun of him.3What can we know about the book?（推理判斷題）A. It tells the story of a real family.B. Many schools use it to educate students.C. Adults like the book more than children.D. The emotions of the story are hard to understand.通篇尋讀（通讀文章，根據(jù)問(wèn)題中的關(guān)鍵詞標(biāo)記出文章中的重點(diǎn)詞，短語(yǔ)或句子，為逐題分析做準(zhǔn)備）話題體裁字?jǐn)?shù)建議用時(shí)實(shí)際用時(shí)正確率星級(jí)日常生活類(lèi)記敘文3667分鐘_/3Wonder is a book about a ten-year-old boy called August, or Auggie, who feels normal but looks very different.WhatsWonder about?Auggie lives with his parents and sister in New York. He is a normal boy in many ways. He rides a bike and likes playing with his Xbox. But Auggie has deformities(畸形）of the face and looks very different from other children. At the start of the book, he tells us "My name is August. I won't describe what I look like. Whatever you're thinking, its probably worse. " In the street, people look at Auggie and are frightened.Auggie has never been to school because he has spent a lotof time in hospital. Hismother teaches him at home. But now hes ten, she thinks he should go to school. At first, Auggie doesnt want to go. He worries that other students will look at him and say terrible things. Butwhen he visits a school with his mum, he likes the head teacher and decides to go. Auggies first year at school has good times and bad times. He makes some good friends but other children are rude to him. At the end of the year, Auggie goes on a school trip and a frightening eventthere changes things completely.Is it a good book?Wonder is an excellent book, It tells an exciting story that makes you feel many different emotions. It is easy to like Auggie. He has a good sense of humour, so the book has a good mix of funny and sad moments. But the book isnt just about Auggie. We also learn what life for his sister, and his friend, Jack. Wonder is popular with people of all ages. Pre-teens, teenagers and adults all love the book.A bestsellerWonder is RJ Palacios first book. On her website, she explains that she had the idea for Wonder after seeing a girl with deformities on the street one day.Many schools use the book to start discussions about bullying, friendship and being different. The book is very popular and has won prizes. Many people are looking forward to seeing what RJ Palacio writes next.逐題分析語(yǔ)篇解讀：本篇文章是一篇日常生活類(lèi)的記敘文。主要介紹了Wonder 這本書(shū)主要內(nèi)容，闡述的道理及價(jià)值。1. How is Auggie different from other boys?A. His name is special.B. His face shape is not normal.C. He doesnt go to school. D. He likes playing with his Xbox.解析：B.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵短語(yǔ)different from other boys可將答案鎖定在原文第二段中。根據(jù)第二段關(guān)鍵句But Auggie has deformities(畸形）of the face and looks very different from other children.“但是Auggie有著畸形的臉，看起來(lái)和其它的男孩有很大的不同。”，A項(xiàng)意為“他的名字是特殊的”；B項(xiàng)意為“他的臉型不是正常的”，C項(xiàng)意為“他不想去上學(xué)”，D項(xiàng)意為“他喜歡玩他的Xbox?！奔纯赏茢喑稣_答案。2. Why doesnt Auggie want to go to school at first?A. Because he has to stay in hospital.B. Because his mother teaches better than teachers.C. Because he doesnt think he should go to school.D. Because he is afraid other students may make fun of him.解析：D. 細(xì)節(jié)理解題。本題詢問(wèn)的是“Auggi起初不想去上學(xué)的原因”。根據(jù)題干可將答案鎖定在文章第三段中，根據(jù)關(guān)鍵句“At first, Auggie doesnt want to go. He worries that other students will look at him and say terrible things.”可知他擔(dān)心其他的學(xué)生會(huì)看他并說(shuō)一些糟糕的事情。即可推斷出正確答案。3. What can we know about the book?A. It tells the story of a real family.B. Many schools use it to educate students.C. Adults like the book more than children.D. The emotions of the story are hard to understand.解析：B. 推理判斷題。本題詢問(wèn)的是“我們能夠從這本書(shū)中得知什么？”A項(xiàng)意為“它告訴我們一個(gè)真實(shí)家庭的故事?！?，根據(jù)最后一段中On her website, she explains that she had the idea for Wonder after seeing a girl with deformities on the street one day.可知這個(gè)故事的想法是來(lái)源于一個(gè)面部畸形的女孩，而不是真實(shí)的故事。B項(xiàng)意為“許多學(xué)校用這本書(shū)去教育學(xué)生”，根據(jù)最后一段Many schools use the book to start discussions about bullying, friendship and being different.可判定此項(xiàng)和文中表述一致；C項(xiàng)意為“成年人比兒童更喜歡這本書(shū)”，根據(jù)“Wonder is popular with people of all ages. Pre-teens, teenagers and adults all love the book.”可判定此項(xiàng)錯(cuò)誤；D項(xiàng)意為“故事的情感很難理解”，根據(jù)“Wonder is an excellent book, It tells an exciting story that makes you feel many different emotions.”可知在這本書(shū)中你能感受到許多不同的情感，所以此項(xiàng)錯(cuò)誤，故選B。精講筆記（學(xué)生在教師的指導(dǎo)下, 回顧本講中積累的閱讀理解的知識(shí)和方法）語(yǔ)篇中積累的詞匯（至少積累10個(gè)）單詞詞性及詞義單詞的運(yùn)用（鼓勵(lì)學(xué)生用所學(xué)詞匯造句）語(yǔ)篇中的學(xué)到的方法（至少掌握2種）細(xì)節(jié)理解題1、2推理判斷題3詞義猜測(cè)題主旨大意題能力提升基礎(chǔ)過(guò)關(guān)一、詞匯/短語(yǔ)英漢互譯單詞/短語(yǔ)詞性詞義normaladj.adj.不同的describev.frightenedadj.adj.可怕的，很糟的v.決定adj.粗魯?shù)?，無(wú)理的changev.completelyadv.excellentadj. adj. 令人興奮的adj. 受歡迎的discussionn.look forward to二、句子英漢互譯1. 你知道是誰(shuí)贏得了游戲嗎？_.2. 你能告訴我怎樣用這個(gè)新的電腦嗎？_.3. We also learn what life for his sister, and his friend, Jack._.4. Many people are looking forward to seeing what RJ Palacio writes next._.5. The man who visited our school yesterday is an American friend._.閱讀練習(xí)話題體裁字?jǐn)?shù)建議用時(shí)實(shí)際用時(shí)正確率星級(jí)日常生活類(lèi)記敘文3737分鐘_/4Alexis Martin is a three-year-old girl from Arizona. She hasnt started kindergarten（幼兒園）yet, but she has an IQ above 160, which is well above the average（一般的）peoples IQ. So, there is no wonder that she has become the youngest member of Mensa, the largest and oldest high IQ society in the world. Mensa is an international club whose members have an IQ score in the top 2% of the world. Currently, Mensa has 3,300 members under the age of 18 in the U.S. Alexis is one of them. The average people generally have an IQ score of 100 points, but Martin scored 160 points, the highest score on the test. The doctors who tested Alexis said she scored so high that they couldnt even work out her IQ exactly. They think she is even smarter than 99.9% of the world population. Actually, she matched the IQs of talents like Albert Einstein, Stephen Hawking and Bill Gates. Ian Martin, Alexis father, said his daughter showed signs of some unique abilities at the age of one and she began reading books for pupils when she was just two years old. Now at the age of three, Alexis isreading on a fifth grade level.“From 12 months old, wed be driving around in the car and she would repeat her bedtime stories from the night before,” he said. “She didnt just repeat them. She could remember every word of them exactly.”Ian Martin thinks his daughter also stands out when it comes to learning new languages. “Anytime she learns a word and just picks it up through anything, she never ever uses it in the incorrect situation, ever,” Ian said. While Alexiss parents are proud that their three-year-old daughter has become a member in Mensa, they are also aware of the price that comes with every gift. The doctors say Alexis should never attend a normal school and children with her level of intelligence（智力）often experience high anxiety（焦慮）unless theyre around similarly gifted boys and girls. Her parents decide to follow the advice and try to look for proper ways to help her get involved into society. 1. Mensa only accepts _. （細(xì)節(jié)理解題）A. teenagers under 18 in the U.S.B. people with IQs above 160 in the U.S.C. talents in the world like Albert EinsteinD. people with IQs in the top 2% of the world2. From the passage, we know that Alexis IQ is _.（細(xì)節(jié)理解題）A. getting higher through training B. beyond the limit of the IQ test C. above the IQ of Stephen HawkingD. growing too fast to get an exact score3. One of Alexis special abilities is that _.（細(xì)節(jié)理解題）A. she could read stories at the age of one B. she could write books for pupils at the age of twoC. she can remember every word of what her parents said D. she can learn new words quickly and use them properly4. What can we learn from the last paragraph?（推理判斷題）A. Alexis is sure to experience anxiety in the future.B. Alexis parents cant afford the gifts that she chooses.C. Alexis parents wont be able to find her a normal school.D. Alexis may feel it hard to get along with the average people. 參考答案基礎(chǔ)過(guò)關(guān)一、詞匯/短語(yǔ)英漢互譯單詞/短語(yǔ)詞性詞義normaladj.正常的differentadj.不同的describev.描述frightenedadj.害怕的terribleadj.可怕的，很糟的decidev.決定rudeadj.粗魯?shù)?，無(wú)理的changev.改變completelyadv.完全地excellentadj. 極好的excitingadj. 令人興奮的popularadj. 受歡迎的discussionn.討論look forward to期待，盼望二、句子英漢互譯。1. Do you know who has won the game?2. Could you please tell me how to use the new computer?3. 我們也了解到了他妹妹和他朋友杰克的生活。4. 許多人盼望看到RJ Palacio接下來(lái)寫(xiě)的作品。5. 昨天參觀我們學(xué)校的那個(gè)男人是一個(gè)美國(guó)朋友。閱讀練習(xí)1. D 2. B 3. D 4. DD篇名師點(diǎn)撥知識(shí)篇高頻詞單詞/短語(yǔ)詞性詞義拓展掌握情況優(yōu)良差possibilityn.可能性adj. possibleopp. impossible convenientadj.方便的calm down平靜下來(lái)relaxedadj.放松的necessaryadj. 必要的opp. unnecessary healthyadj.健康的opp. unhealthy aloneadj. 單獨(dú)的spendv. 度過(guò)，花費(fèi)informationn.信息separatefrom把與分開(kāi)長(zhǎng)難句1. I can ring my sister who lives in Los Angeles on Viber. （優(yōu)*良*差*）_句意：我可以通過(guò)Viber給我住在洛杉磯的妹妹打電話。本句為who引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句，修飾先行詞sister。2. This is an age when we can get so much surface information about other people's lives, but beingwrapped（包裹） up in what other people are doing or always thinking about other peoples recognition (認(rèn)可) of us can be quite unhealthy.（優(yōu)*良*差*）_句意：這是一個(gè)我們能得到很多關(guān)于其他人生活的表面信息的時(shí)代，但是被別人所做的事情包裹起來(lái)或是總是考慮得到別人的認(rèn)可可能是非常不健康的。本句的前半部分是一個(gè)由when引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句修飾先行詞age，后半句是動(dòng)名詞短語(yǔ)作主語(yǔ)的句子。方法篇“方法得當(dāng), 事半功倍?！敝挥姓Z(yǔ)料的積累, 沒(méi)有好方法的輔助也是不夠的。對(duì)于閱讀理解解題方法的梳理, 能夠幫助我們更好地理解閱讀理解的命題邏輯, 在有足夠語(yǔ)料積累的基礎(chǔ)上, 能夠幫助我們爭(zhēng)取高分。親愛(ài)的同學(xué), 老師已經(jīng)為你精心整理了閱讀理解的解題技巧, 快來(lái)看看你掌握了多少？一、閱讀理解解題步驟第一步快速瀏覽全文，了解文章大概。瀏覽時(shí)要注意以下句子：每段的開(kāi)頭和結(jié)尾，重要的情節(jié)句子，如果遇到未學(xué)或不認(rèn)識(shí)的單詞或不理解的句子，可以根據(jù)上下文猜測(cè)，切不可停留而放慢速度。第二步瀏覽問(wèn)題，明確要求。把文章后每個(gè)題目?jī)?nèi)容看明白，這樣又能輔助進(jìn)一步理解文章的主要內(nèi)容，具體做題時(shí)就能對(duì)號(hào)入座，找到文章中確切表達(dá)所要回答問(wèn)題的關(guān)鍵句子。第三步通篇尋讀，確定段落。也就是帶著問(wèn)題去讀，找到要回答問(wèn)題的關(guān)鍵詞、句或意群，以及任何有關(guān)答題的信息，用鉛筆畫(huà)下來(lái)，以便為下一步答題做好充分準(zhǔn)備。第四步逐條分析，對(duì)號(hào)入座。把需要回答的問(wèn)題和尋讀中找到的信息逐條分析，對(duì)號(hào)入座。一般來(lái)說(shuō)，出題者問(wèn)題設(shè)計(jì)都是按照文章內(nèi)容自上到下順序設(shè)計(jì)的，根據(jù)難度先解決容易的，最后解決深層次的理解題。第五步復(fù)讀全文，驗(yàn)證答案。全部題目做完后，必須再仔細(xì)閱讀一遍全文，進(jìn)一步加深對(duì)文章理解，核實(shí)所選答案是否正確。二、閱讀理解解題技巧初中英語(yǔ)選擇型閱讀理解題主要分為四種題型，分別是細(xì)節(jié)理解題，推理判斷題，猜測(cè)詞義題和主旨大意題。接下來(lái)我們將從這四種題型的定義，設(shè)題方式和解題技巧三方面進(jìn)行介紹。題型題型一：細(xì)節(jié)理解題解釋本類(lèi)試題主要考察學(xué)生對(duì)閱讀材料中的某一特定細(xì)節(jié)或文章的主要事實(shí)的理解能力。問(wèn)題包括詢問(wèn)人（who）、物（what）、時(shí)間（when）、地點(diǎn)（where）、原因（cause）、結(jié)果（effect）、文中的數(shù)據(jù)（data）等。新聞、說(shuō)明文、廣告信息等常?？疾爝@些細(xì)節(jié)。設(shè)題方式1. Which of the following statements is true/false?2. Which of the following is (not) mentioned?3. According to the passage, when( where, why, how, who, etc)?解題技巧1. 細(xì)心審題，直接就題找答案2. 變通理解，間接轉(zhuǎn)述找答案3. 多點(diǎn)歸納，綜合事實(shí)找答案典題精析Which hand do you use when write? About 8 to 15 percent of people are left handed. They often have to use tools that are designed for right-handed people. So it is difficult for left-handers to use most tools. If you are right handed, try this experiment: Take a knife with your left hand and try cutting a potato into pieces. Dont be surprised if you feel awkward（別扭的）.If right-handers cut up potatoes with their left hand, they will .A. get hurtB. give up cuttingC. feel awkwardD. change their tools本題可以運(yùn)用到解題技巧1. 細(xì)心審題，直接就題找答案瀏覽題干，確定關(guān)鍵短語(yǔ)為cut up potatoes with their left hand，瀏覽段落，確定關(guān)鍵句 If you are right handed, try this experiment: Take a knife with your left hand and try cutting a potato into pieces. Dont be surprised if you feel awkward（別扭的）.“如果你是一個(gè)習(xí)慣用右手的人，用左手拿刀把土豆切成塊。如果你感到別扭并不讓人驚訝。”，根據(jù)句意即可推斷出正確答案，故選C。題型題型二：推理判斷題解釋推理判斷題著重考察學(xué)生的邏輯思維能力，即要求學(xué)生根據(jù)文章的邏輯關(guān)系進(jìn)行推理判斷。此類(lèi)題目難度大，涉及面廣，如人物的性格、心理，故事的結(jié)局、寓意，文章的出處、體裁，作者的傾向、態(tài)度等。設(shè)題方式1. It can be inferred from the text that_.2. From the text we know that _.3. With which of the following does the author agree?4. The passage is probably taken from a _.解題技巧1. 通過(guò)文章陳述的事實(shí)進(jìn)行推斷2. 根據(jù)文章所提供的的背景，人物的表情，動(dòng)作和語(yǔ)言進(jìn)行推斷3. 根據(jù)作者的意圖和態(tài)度進(jìn)行推斷典題精析Boredom is often linked with loneliness, but a writer named Meera Syal said