Unit 2 RobotsReading 第1頁/共73頁Whats a robot? A robot is a machine designed to do jobs that are usually performed by humans. They are programmed and controlled by a computer. 第2頁/共73頁Lets look at some pictures and see what robots can look like.第3頁/共73頁第4頁/共73頁第5頁/共73頁Robots can be made into all kinds of things.第6頁/共73頁What can robots do?Pre-readingRobotsPlay with humanSecretary Do dangerous workHouseworkAnd so on第7頁/共73頁Types of robots Industrial robots used in manufacturing Domestic robots such as vacuum cleaners and lawn mowers; Entertainment robots such as toys and those in theme parks; Robots used in toxic waste clean-up and in underwater and space exploration; 第8頁/共73頁第9頁/共73頁第10頁/共73頁第11頁/共73頁第12頁/共73頁第13頁/共73頁第14頁/共73頁第15頁/共73頁第16頁/共73頁Do you think it is possible for a robot to:1. think for itself2. have feelings 3. have its own needs and desires4. look and feel like a human being第17頁/共73頁ReadingSatisfaction Guaranteed Asimovs first law for robots: A robot must not injure human being or allow them to be injured. In this case the injury is not a physical one but a psychological one.About the writer: Isaac Asimov第18頁/共73頁Read the text quickly and answer the following questions:Skimming1. What is the text mainly about?It is mainly about how a robot used for housework was tested out in a family.第19頁/共73頁2. What did the robot called Tony look like?He looked like a tall and handsome man, speaking in a deep voice, with smooth black hair and his facial expression unchanged.第20頁/共73頁How many characters are mentioned ?Who are they? What are they?what is the relation between them?第21頁/共73頁Larry BelmontClaireTony Gladys ClaffernA robotOne of the richest and most powerful women around.employed in a company that makes robotshousewife couplewas to be tested out by Claire in their familya woman that Claire envies第22頁/共73頁Make a list of what the robot Tony did during the experiment. did houseworkPrevented Claire from being harmed (example) helped Claire make herself and her home elegant by helped Claire be enviedby other womengave her advice on how to decorate her house gave her a new haircut andchanged the makeup she wore第23頁/共73頁The change of Claires feeling to Tonyunwilling to accept proud of himalarmed,disturbed and frightened embarrassed, disturbed and frightened trust fall in love第24頁/共73頁.1. Larry was going to be away from home so he hired a robot to accompany his wife Claire. 2. Claire didnt like the idea at the beginning, but at last she agreed to it. 3. When Tony offered to help dressing, Claire was pleased to accept it. But she thought it was surprising for a robot to be so human.T1FFTrue or FalseCareful Reading第25頁/共73頁4. Tony could understand Claire when she said she was not clever.5. Claires husband wanted to improve his social position, but she was sorry she could do nothing to help him.6. Tony was eager to help Claire. He scanned quite a lot of books in the library, but he could find no ways out.TT F第26頁/共73頁7. Tony asked Claire to go the town to buy things he needed to improve the house.8. It was Claire that first decided to invite Gladys and her friends to her house.9. While Tony worked on the improvements of the house, Claire also did her part.1FTF第27頁/共73頁10. Claires guests were filled with admiration when they saw her house was completely changed.11. Claire was very happy to find that Gladys envied her.12. The company was satisfied with Tonys report because he had successfully made a woman fall in love with him.TTF第28頁/共73頁1. Why did Larry bring a robot back home?A. To help his wife. B. To test out the robot.C. To accompany his wife. D. For entertainment.- 本題旨在幫助大家練習(xí)主旨大意歸納能力。 主旨?xì)w納忌諱面面俱到追求理解的徹底完美?？刹捎脪咦x, 跳讀(scan, skim)。For the main idea. B Listen to the text carefully. answer the questions:第29頁/共73頁2. What kind of robot was Tony?A. an industrial robot B. an entertainmentC. a robot that can carries out jobs in the houseD. a robot that can carries out jobs in the shop3. Who did Claire turn to for help when a sales man was rude to her in the shop.A. Tony B. her husbandC. The manager of the shop D. Gladys 4. Why did Gladys envy Claire? Because _.A. she had a handsome friend B. she was beautifulC. she was rich D. she is powerfulFor details C A A 第30頁/共73頁5. Why should Tony be rebuilt? Because _. A. he harms people B. it can not help the housewife in the family C. it is too frightening D. we can not have women falling in love with machinesMake inference D 第31頁/共73頁1. Claires feelings toward Tony changed as the story developed. Read the story, then fill in the occasions when Claire had these feelings. Comprehending Exercise 1第32頁/共73頁OccasionsClaire1disliked him 2 When he arrivedwas alarmed 3 felt embarrassed 4 admired him Before he arrived When he offered to help her dressWhen he offered to help her improve her house and herself第33頁/共73頁OccasionsClaire5called him a dear 6felt his warmth 7 felt being envied 8 cried all night When he helped her with the salesmanWhen she fell off a ladder and caught by Tony When she heard Gladys whispering to another woman that she had never seen anyone so handsome as Tony.She remembered Tony was just a machine.第34頁/共73頁Read the story again and answer the following questions in groups.1. Why did Tony open the curtains? Exercise 2He wanted Claires guests to see him and Claire together so that she would be envied by women guests.第35頁/共73頁2. What did Tony do to prevent Claire from being harmed? By making her feel good about herself. He helped her make her and her home elegant so that she would not feel like a failure.3. Why did Tony have to be rebuilt?Because the company felt that it could not have women falling love with a robot.第36頁/共73頁5. Claire spent three weeks with Tony in her house. What sentences in the story show that she kept forgetting and then remembering that he was a machine?How absurd, she thought. He was just a machine. He held her firmly in his arms and she felt the warmth of his body. She screamed, pushed him away and ran to her room for the rest of the day. Then she remembered Tony was just a machines. She shouted “Leave me alone” and ran to her bed.第37頁/共73頁In groups, list Tonys characteristics that were similar to and those different from those of a human being.CharacteristicsSimilar DifferentPhysicalMentalExercise 3第38頁/共73頁CharacteristicsSimilarDifferentPhysicalLooks like a human being. Body and skin soft and warm. Hair and fingernails realistic. Voice like a humans.Facial expressions never change. Quicker reactions (She fell off a ladder and even though Tony was in the next room, he managed to catch her in time.)第39頁/共73頁CharacteristicsSimilarDifferentMentalAble to make suggestions and predictions. Able to make a plan and follow it through. Has good communication skills.Behaviour not appropriate (Tony brought her breakfast and then asked her whether she needed help dressing)第40頁/共73頁1.Which law is the story “Satisfaction Guaranteed” based on?2. What might happen in a world where there were robots if Asimovs three laws did not exist? Discussion阿西莫夫機(jī)器人三大定律：阿西莫夫機(jī)器人三大定律： 機(jī)器人不得傷害人類機(jī)器人不得傷害人類, ,或看到人類受到傷害而袖手旁觀；或看到人類受到傷害而袖手旁觀； 在不違反第一定律的前提下在不違反第一定律的前提下, ,機(jī)器人必須絕對服從人類給與的任何命令；機(jī)器人必須絕對服從人類給與的任何命令； 在不違反第一定律和第二定律的前提下在不違反第一定律和第二定律的前提下, ,機(jī)器人必須盡力保護(hù)自己。機(jī)器人必須盡力保護(hù)自己。第41頁/共73頁1. desire v.1) 渴望; ;希望(做某事): desire to do sth.2) 要求某事 3) 要求(請求)某人做某事desire thatdo/should do; desire sb. to do sth.我請您立即回信。 I desire _ of yours.我們希望有個(gè)好結(jié)果。 _去請他進(jìn)來。_an immediate answer We desire to have a good result. Please desire him to come in.Language Points 第42頁/共73頁他們要求你馬上回來。They desire _.that you should come at oncedesire n. (1) 愿望; 欲望 (2) 要求 (3) 食欲 (4) 向往的東西他有強(qiáng)烈的求知欲。他有強(qiáng)烈的求知欲。He has _.a strong desire for knowledge / to learnmeet ones desirehavefeel a great desire forat ones desire滿足某人的欲望渴望照某人希望第43頁/共73頁2. satisfaction n. ( opp. dissatisfaction)1) 滿足; 滿意; 舒服 (at; with) 2)令人滿意的事物 我聽了這個(gè)消息非常滿意。 I heard the news _.with great/ much satisfactionsatisfy vt.satisfied adj.satisfying adj.satisfactory adj.滿足滿足; 使?jié)M足使?jié)M足滿意的滿意的; 滿足的滿足的令人滿意的令人滿意的令人滿意的令人滿意的第44頁/共73頁She smiled with great satisfaction.the satisfactions of doing work 工作的樂趣v. satisfyIts not easy to satisfy him.adj. satisfied satisfying 令人滿意的I am satisfied with the result of the exam.The result of the exam is satisfying. adj. satisfactory 滿意的/良好的/圓滿的Its a satisfactory excuse for his absence. 第45頁/共73頁express ones satisfaction at/ withfind satisfaction in to sbs satisfaction/ to the satisfaction of sb. with satisfaction對對表示滿意表示滿意對對感到滿意感到滿意到使某人滿意的程度到使某人滿意的程度滿意地滿意地第46頁/共73頁3. test out 考驗(yàn)考驗(yàn) test vt. examine and measure the qualities 考驗(yàn)考驗(yàn); 試驗(yàn)試驗(yàn); 測驗(yàn)測驗(yàn) The long climb tested (out ) our powers of endurance. 這次長距離爬山考驗(yàn)了我們的耐力。這次長距離爬山考驗(yàn)了我們的耐力。 She tested the whole class on irregular verbs. 她對全班學(xué)生進(jìn)行了不規(guī)則動(dòng)詞的測驗(yàn)。她對全班學(xué)生進(jìn)行了不規(guī)則動(dòng)詞的測驗(yàn)。第47頁/共73頁test n. examination or trial of the qualities, 考驗(yàn)考驗(yàn); 試驗(yàn)試驗(yàn); 測驗(yàn)測驗(yàn); 化驗(yàn)化驗(yàn)She left her purse on the table as a test of the childs honesty.She gave the students a test in math yesterday. an eye test 眼睛檢查眼睛檢查 a blood test 驗(yàn)血驗(yàn)血第48頁/共73頁4. alarm n. 警報(bào); 驚慌; 恐慌 火災(zāi)引起很大恐慌。 _The fire caused much alarm.give/raise/sound the alarmtake (the) alarm ata fire alarma false alarmair alarmwater level alarm發(fā)警報(bào)發(fā)警報(bào); 敲警鐘敲警鐘對對感到吃驚感到吃驚;火警火警虛驚一場虛驚一場空襲警報(bào)空襲警報(bào)水位警告水位警告第49頁/共73頁alarm vt. 使警覺; 驚動(dòng); 使驚慌不要驚慌 Dont alarm yourself.be alarmed at (the news) 被(那消息) 嚇了一跳.be alarmed for (the safety of )放心不下; 擔(dān)心(的安全)完成句子完成句子:1) A small boy saw the smoke and _ (發(fā)出警報(bào)發(fā)出警報(bào)).2) _ (人人都感到驚恐人人都感到驚恐) the news that war might break out.raised the alarmEverybody was alarmed at第50頁/共73頁5. smooth adj. 平坦的; 平滑的; 順利的 路平坦了/困難掃除了。 _ vt. 使光滑, 平坦或順利 用熨斗把這件衣服熨平。 _ smoothly adv. 平穩(wěn)地; 順利地 一切進(jìn)展順利。 _The way is now smooth.Smooth this dress with a hot iron.Everything went smoothly. 第51頁/共73頁6. embarrass vt. 使困惑; 使局促不安銷路下降使公司陷于財(cái)政困難.The decline of sales _.在生人面前局促不安embarrass sb. with sth./ by doing sth. 做使某人尷尬/害羞/窘迫 不要問隱私, 會(huì)讓他們覺得不好意思 Dont _ (by asking) personal questions.embarrassed the companybe/ feel embarrassed in the presence of strangersembarrass them with第52頁/共73頁embarrassed adj. 尷尬的, 難堪的, 害羞的他對我衣服的評論使我很尷尬。 _ by his comments about my clothes.embarrassing adj. 使人尷尬的; 令人難堪的你什么時(shí)候最尷尬? What has been your _?I was embarrassedmost embarrassingmoment第53頁/共73頁7. sympathyn. 同情; 同感; 同情心相關(guān)短語：express sympathy for 慰問feel sympathy for, have sympathy for 同情in sympathy with 同情; 贊成; 跟著; 和一致out of sympathy for have no / some sympathy with sb /sth 不支持 / 支持某人/ 某事 出于對的同情 第54頁/共73頁翻譯翻譯:我確信她一定贊成你的建議。我確信她一定贊成你的建議。(in sympathy with)Im sure she will be in sympathy with your proposal.我不同意他的意見。我不同意他的意見。(have no sympathy with)I have no sympathy with him.我同情你。我同情你。(sympathize)I sympathize with you.第55頁/共73頁8. pile n. 堆; 摞; 疊 v. 堆起; 堆積a pile of / piles of = lots of 成堆的/ /成批的pile up 增多; 積累; (車輛) 相碰There were a pile of magazines on the desk .Ive got piles of work to do this evening .The fallen leaves piled up. 堆積9. with wonder: 疑惑地 with + n 作狀語 with surprise / embarrassment / fear 第56頁/共73頁10. reach for / reach out ones hand for He reached out his hand for an apple. n. reachwithin ones reach out of ones reach= beyond ones reach 11. accompany v. 1) to go / stay with Id like you to accompany me to the supermarket.What accompanies him is always a dog.2) to exist at the same time 和一起發(fā)生 Lightning usually accompanies thunder. 第57頁/共73頁12. As she turned around, there stood Gladys Claffern. 1) 倒裝句: Down came the hammer and out flew the sparks.In rushed the boys! A. 謂語是 go, come, run,等表示位置轉(zhuǎn)移的動(dòng)詞和 be動(dòng)詞，B. 句中有表示方位的副詞 there, here, up, down , in, out, away 等， 為強(qiáng)調(diào)該副詞, 可將副詞置于句首, 但要注意： There came the bus! Here he is ! 若主語是名詞, 用倒裝; 若是代詞, 則不倒裝。第58頁/共73頁2) turn around 轉(zhuǎn)身; 回轉(zhuǎn); 旋轉(zhuǎn);好轉(zhuǎn), 有起色 他突然轉(zhuǎn)過身來, 看見了我。 _ _All of a sudden he turned around/aboutand saw me.turn aboutturn againstturn awayturn onturn offturn out轉(zhuǎn)身; 轉(zhuǎn)向; 調(diào)向背叛; 反抗, 使對抗把(臉)轉(zhuǎn)過去; 拋棄開(電燈, 收音機(jī), 自來水)解雇; 關(guān)掉; 使失去興趣結(jié)果是; 證明是; 生產(chǎn)(產(chǎn)品)第59頁/共73頁13. affair n. 事情/ 曖昧關(guān)系/ 私通 pl 業(yè)務(wù)/ 事務(wù)/ 事態(tài)Affairs at present in that country are unsettled.那個(gè)國家當(dāng)前的局勢動(dòng)蕩不安.Big countries dont try to direct the affairs of other countries.current/foreign/world affairs 時(shí)事/外交事務(wù)/ 世界事務(wù) affairs of state 國事/ 國務(wù)/ 政務(wù)第60頁/共73頁14. declare vt. 宣布; 聲明; 表明; 說明; 宣稱1) declare +n. 宣告 他們將很快宣布選舉的結(jié)果。 _ _2) declare+n.+(to be) n./ adj. 宣布為 裁判宣布他為比賽的冠軍。 _ _They will declare the results of the election soon.The judge declared him (to be) the winner of the competition.第61頁/共73頁 我宣布這次會(huì)議開始. _3) declare +(that)從句宣稱; 聲稱 她宣稱她是對的. _I declared this conference (to be) open.She declared (that) she was right.declare war on/ upon 對宣戰(zhàn)declare against 聲明反對declare for (in favour of) 聲明贊成第62頁/共73頁15. more than + n 不僅僅是, 不止Student Times is more than a newspaper. It helps us to learn English.What he wants is more than money. more than + adj / adv / v 很 / 非常He is more than scared of cats.more + adj / adv / n / v + than 與其說, ，不如說He is more scared than ill. 他與其說是病了, 倒不如說他是受了驚嚇。第63頁/共73頁16. It was then that Claire realized that Tony had opened the curtains 強(qiáng)調(diào)句 It is / was + 強(qiáng)調(diào)部分 + that / who + 其他 It is not where you come from or what you are, but the ability to do the job_ matters. A. one B. that C. what D. it It was after the invention of printing _to publish large numbers of books and pictures. A. were people able B. that people were able C. when were people able D. people were able B B 第64頁/共73頁17. impress sb with sth impress sth on / upon sb make an impression on sb 這位姑娘既活潑又有幽默感, 給這位男孩留下了深刻的印象。The girl impressed the boy with her liveliness and sense of humor.他的話銘記在我心里。His words was impressed on me.他給我留下了深刻的印象。He made a strong impression on me.第65頁/共73頁18. envy vt. & n. 忌妒; 羨慕1) envy+sb.(for sth.)2) envy sb. sth. 忌妒/羨慕某人某事 我真羨慕您！ _ 他們羨慕我們的成功. _ envy sb. doing sth. 羨慕某人做某事 be in envy of ones success 羨慕某人的成功 envy at / of sth. 對某事物的忌妒/羨慕How I envy you! They envied us for our success.第66頁/共73頁I dont envy him his money problems.我慶幸自己沒有他那些金錢的麻煩。我慶幸自己沒有他那些金錢的麻煩。He couldnt conceal his envy of me. 他遮掩不住對我的忌妒。他遮掩不住對我的忌妒。Her many talents were the envy of all her friends.她多才多藝她多才多藝, 所有的朋友都很羨慕她。所有的朋友都很羨慕她。歸納拓展歸納拓展: envious adj. be envious of = be jealous of 我羨慕我羨慕Tom的成功。的成功。Im envious of / jealous of Toms success.I envy Toms success. I envy Tom his success. 第67頁/共73頁19. leavealone 不管; 不打擾; 讓獨(dú)自待著 不要?jiǎng)游业臅?_ 由我來做吧。 _Leave my book alone.Leave me alone to do it.leave behind 留下留下; 忘帶忘帶; 遺留遺留leave out 省去省去; 排除排除; 遺漏遺漏leave off 停止停止leave over 推遲某事推遲某事; 剩下剩下第68頁/共73頁20. have doing = cause sb to do sth 1) 讓做She had us all laughing at her jokes.I wont have him cleaning his bike in the kitchen. She wont have her children sitting down to dinner with dirty hands. 2) 鼓勵(lì), 教會(huì), 勸說Ill have them all talking in English in the classroom. 第69頁/共73頁Whom would you rather _with your sister?A. have gone B. have to go C. have go D. have going Who did the teacher have _ an article for the paper just now?A. written B. writing C. write D. to write As youve never been there before, Ill have someone _ you the way.A. to show B. show C. showing D. showed CCC第70頁/共73頁1. Remember the characteristics of science fiction. 2. Surf the Internet to learn more about robots and science fictions.3. Surf the Internet to learn about Isaac Asimov.Homework 第71頁/共73頁第72頁/共73頁感謝您的觀看！第73頁/共73頁