四柱萬能液壓機總體及液壓系統(tǒng)設計【公稱壓力為2500kN優(yōu)秀課程畢業(yè)設計含2張CAD圖紙+帶開題報告】

四柱萬能液壓機總體及液壓系統(tǒng)設計【公稱壓力為2500kN】

摘要

進入19世紀以來，隨著制造業(yè)的飛速發(fā)展，對機械加工設備的要求也越來越高，人們迫切需要一種通用性強，加工范圍廣，工作負載大的加工設備。盡管早在17世紀中期帕斯卡就發(fā)現(xiàn)了利用液體能產生很大力量的可能性，但直到19世紀，液壓技術才得到人們的廣泛重視。為了應對軍事、航空工業(yè)等領域的需求，德國、英國、蘇聯(lián)等國家先后制造了一批公稱壓力達到上萬噸的模鍛液壓機。這個時候液壓成型機械得到了充分的發(fā)展并具有了成熟的技術。液壓機廣泛應用于金屬薄板的沖壓拉深成形；金屬機械零件的壓力成形；粉末制品行業(yè)；非金屬材料的壓制成形；木制品的熱壓成形等領域。液壓機極強的通用性奠定了它在工業(yè)生產領域的重要地位，成為國民生產中一枚關鍵的“棋子”。

本文對液壓成型機械做了簡單的回顧和總結，并具體設計了一臺公稱壓力為2500kN的通用液壓機，重點在于液壓系統(tǒng)設計方面，詳細擬定了液壓系統(tǒng)壓力、方向控制等回路，繪制了液壓系統(tǒng)圖，并選擇了各液壓元件的具體型號等。

為了滿足工業(yè)生產的需要，促進國民經濟發(fā)展，我國必須加大液壓成型機械的研發(fā)和設計制造，爭取早日達到國際先進水平，打破西方發(fā)達國家對液壓關鍵元件的技術壟斷。

關鍵詞：液壓機；液壓缸；液壓系統(tǒng)；橫梁；液壓閥

Abstract

In the 19 century, with the rapid development of manufacturing, machinery processing equipment requirements are also getting higher and higher, People urgently need a high universality, processing a wide range of the work load of processing equipment. Although as early as the mid-17th century Pascal discovered the use of liquid can produce the possibility of great power, It was not until the 19th century, hydraulic technology to receive widespread attention. In response to the military, aviation industry and other areas of demand, Germany, Britain, the Soviet Union and other countries has created a number of Nominal pressure reached 10,000 tons of forging hydraulic press. This time forming hydraulic machinery were fully developed and is a mature technology. Hydraulic press widely used in the sheet metal stamping drawing, metal machine parts pressure forming; powder products industry; non-metallic materials to suppress forming; wood products in areas such as the hot press forming. Hydraulic highly versatile for its industrial production in the area of the important status and become an indispensable national product of a "pawn."

In this paper, hydraulic molding machine to do a simple review and sum up, and specifically designed for a Nominal pressure of 2500 kN Hydraulic presses, focused on the design of the hydraulic system, the elaboration of the hydraulic pressure system, the direction of control loop, rendering The hydraulic system map, and select the various hydraulic components such as the specific models.

In order to meet the needs of industrial production, promote economic development, China must increase the hydraulic molding machinery design and manufacture of the research and development and to strive for an early reached the international advanced level, breaking the Western developed countries on key components of the hydraulic technology monopoly.

Key words: hydraulic machine; hydraulic cylinder; hydraulic system; beams; hydraulic valve

目錄

摘要 1

Abstract 2

目錄 3

0前言 5

1緒論 6

1.1液壓機的工作原理 6

1.2液壓機的特點及分類 6

1.2.1液壓機的特點 6

1.2.2液壓機的分類 7

1.3液壓機的選擇 7

1.4液壓機發(fā)展歷程 7

1.5國內液壓機技術發(fā)展情況 8

2液壓機的本體結構及設計 9

2.1四柱萬能液壓機的結構及工作特點 9

2.1.1結構 9

2.1.2工作特點 9

2.2四柱萬能液壓機的基本參數(shù) 9

2.3液壓缸設計 11

2.3.1液壓缸的結構 11

2.3.2主缸設計 12

2.3.3 頂出缸設計 18

2.4四柱式組合機架設計 20

2.4.1立柱 21

2.4.2橫梁 24

3液壓機的液壓系統(tǒng)設計 27

3.1明確液壓系統(tǒng)的技術要求 27

3.2液壓系統(tǒng)的功能設計 27

3.2.1執(zhí)行器的配置 27

3.2.2動力分析和運動分析 28

3.3液壓系統(tǒng)主要參數(shù)的確定 29

3.3.1液壓缸有效工作面積A 29

3.3.2液壓缸的最大流量Qmax 30

3.4擬定液壓系統(tǒng)原理圖 30

3.4.1執(zhí)行元件類型的選擇 30

3.4.2方向控制回路 30

3.4.2.換向回路 30

3.4.3速度控制回路 31

3.4.4壓力控制回路 33

3.4.5液壓油源回路 36

3.4.6液壓系統(tǒng)的合成 36

3.5液壓元件的計算和選擇 39

3.5.1 液壓泵的選擇 39

3.5.2電機的選擇 41

3.5.3液壓閥的選擇 41

3.5.4油管的選擇 42

3.5.5油箱 44

4液壓機的振動及減振措施 47

4.1液壓機的振動 47

4.2液壓機的減振措施 47

3）產生液壓沖擊時的減振措施 48

5結論 49

致謝 50

參考文獻 51

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內封.doc

四柱萬能液壓機總體及液壓系統(tǒng)設計【公稱壓力為2500kN】說明書正文.doc

實習報告.doc

開題報告.doc

摘要.doc

文件清單.txt

液壓原理圖-A2.dwg

液壓機總圖-A0.dwg