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典型零件的數(shù)控編程
編制如圖所示零件的加工程序
材料為45鋼,棒直徑為80mm,該零件采用棒料毛坯,由于加工余量大,在外圓精車(chē)前采用粗車(chē)循環(huán)指令去除大部分毛坯余量,留有單邊0.25mm余量。
1、刀具設(shè)置
選擇外圓粗車(chē)刀為1號(hào)刀,外圓精車(chē)刀為2號(hào)刀,割槽刀(寬2mm)為3號(hào)刀,60度硬質(zhì)合金螺紋刀為4號(hào)刀。
2、 工藝路線
1) 把長(zhǎng)軸在車(chē)床上找正位置后進(jìn)行夾緊定位;
2) 用外圓粗車(chē)刀從右到左粗車(chē)工件各面,分別留0.2mm精車(chē)余量;
3) 然后用外圓精車(chē)刀從右到左精車(chē)各面到尺寸要求;
4) 換螺紋車(chē)刀車(chē)螺紋;
5) 割退刀槽,并用割槽刀右刀尖倒出C1倒角;
6) 程序結(jié)束。
3、 加工程序
程序號(hào)O0008;
設(shè)置工件坐標(biāo)系;
返回參考點(diǎn);
主軸正轉(zhuǎn),調(diào)用01號(hào)粗車(chē)刀,打開(kāi)冷卻液;
快速走到粗車(chē)右端面起點(diǎn)(82.0,332.0);
粗車(chē)右端面,車(chē)削進(jìn)給速度0.3mm/r;
快速走到外圓粗車(chē)循環(huán)起點(diǎn);
快速定位,靠近工件;
粗車(chē)外圓面;
快速退刀;
粗車(chē)外圓面;
快速退刀;
粗車(chē)外圓面;
快速退刀;
粗車(chē)外圓面;
快速退刀;
粗車(chē)外圓面;
O0008; N10 G92 X100.0 Z350.0; N15 G28 U0 W0;
N20 S1000 T0101 M03 M08;
N25 G00 X82.0 Z332.0;
N30 G95 G01 X-1.6 W0 F0.3;
N35 G50 X100.0 Z350.0; N40 G00 X42.0 Z332.0; N45 G01 Z34.0;
N50 G00 X37.0 Z332.0;
N55 G00 Z77.0; N60 G00 X32.0 Z332.0;
N65 G00 Z100.5;
N70 G00 X27.0 Z332.0;
N75 G00 Z184.5;
N80 G00 X22.0 Z332.0; N85 G00 Z311.5;
快速退刀;
粗車(chē)外圓面;
返回參考點(diǎn);
快速走到外圓粗車(chē)循環(huán)起點(diǎn);
粗車(chē)循環(huán),每次車(chē)削深度1.0mm,退刀1.0mm;
留粗車(chē)余量X向0.4mm,Z向0.2mm;
快速走到車(chē)削起點(diǎn),精車(chē)進(jìn)給0.15mm/r;
刀具右偏;
精車(chē)Φ15外圓面;
精車(chē)臺(tái)階端面;
精車(chē)Φ20外圓面;
精車(chē)臺(tái)階端面;
精車(chē)Φ25外圓面;
精車(chē)臺(tái)階端面;
精車(chē)Φ30外圓面;
精車(chē)臺(tái)階端面;
精車(chē)Φ35外圓面;
精車(chē)臺(tái)階端面;
精車(chē)Φ40外圓面;
精車(chē)臺(tái)階端面;
取消刀補(bǔ);
返回參考點(diǎn);
限制主軸最高轉(zhuǎn)速為1500r/min;
調(diào)用02號(hào)精車(chē)刀,02號(hào)刀補(bǔ);
粗車(chē)后精車(chē);
回退到精車(chē)端面快速運(yùn)動(dòng)起始點(diǎn);
快速走到精車(chē)端面的工進(jìn)點(diǎn);
精車(chē)右端面;
返回參考點(diǎn);
調(diào)用03號(hào)割槽刀,03號(hào)刀補(bǔ);
刀具快速運(yùn)動(dòng)到切槽起點(diǎn);
切槽;
返回參考點(diǎn);
刀具快速運(yùn)動(dòng)到切槽起點(diǎn);
切槽;
返回參考點(diǎn);
刀具快速運(yùn)動(dòng)到切槽起點(diǎn);
切槽;
切槽刀退出;
返回參考點(diǎn);
N90 G00 X17.0 Z332.0; N95 G00 Z330.0;
N100 G28 U0 W0;
N105 G00 X82.0 Z332.0;
N110 G71 U1.0 R1.0;
N115G71P120Q190U0.4W0.2F0.3S800
N120 G00 X82.0 Z332.0;
N125 G42 G01 X15.0 Z330.0;
N130 W-18.5; N135 X20.0; N140 W-127.0; N145 X25.0;
N150 W-84; N155 X30.0; N160 W-23.5;
N165 X35.0;
N170 W-43.0; N175 X40.0; N180 W-25.0;
N185 X80.0;
N190 G40.0;
N195 G28 U0 W0;
N200 G50 S1500;
N205 G96 S20 T0202; N210 G70 P120Q190;
N215 G00 X82.0 Z332.0;
N220 X17.0;
N225 G01 X-2.0;
N230 G28 U0 W0;
N235 T0303;
N240 G00 X16.0 Z326.5;
N245 G01 X12.0 F0.15;
N250 G28 U0 W0;
N255 G00 X21.0 Z299.5;
N260 G01 X16.0 F0.15;
N265 G28 U0 W0; N270 G00 X21.0 Z189.5;
N275 G01 X16.0 W-5.0 F0.15;
N280 G00 X40;
N285 G28 U0 W0;
取消恒定切削速度,指定主軸轉(zhuǎn)速,調(diào)用04號(hào)螺紋車(chē)刀;
快速運(yùn)動(dòng)到螺紋車(chē)削起始點(diǎn);
復(fù)合螺紋加工循環(huán);
復(fù)合螺紋加工循環(huán);
返回參考點(diǎn);
快速運(yùn)動(dòng)到螺紋車(chē)削起點(diǎn);
復(fù)合螺紋加工循環(huán);
復(fù)合螺紋加工循環(huán);
螺紋刀退出;
調(diào)用03號(hào)割槽刀,03號(hào)刀補(bǔ);
快速運(yùn)動(dòng)到倒角起點(diǎn);
倒角;
返回參考點(diǎn);
快速運(yùn)動(dòng)到倒角起點(diǎn);
倒角;
返回參考點(diǎn);
快速運(yùn)動(dòng)到倒角起點(diǎn);
倒角;
返回參考點(diǎn);
快速運(yùn)動(dòng)到倒角起點(diǎn);
倒角;
返回參考點(diǎn);
主軸停,關(guān)閉冷卻液;
程序結(jié)束。
N290 G97 S1500 T0404;
N295 G01 X21.0 Z311.5;
N300 G76 P3 12 60 Q0.1 R0.1; N305G76X16.8W-14.5P1.5Q0.85F2.0;
N310 G28 U0 W0;
N315 G01 X26.0 Z184.5;
N320 G76 P3 12 60 Q0.1 R0.1;
N325G76X16.8W-14.5P2.0Q0.85F2.0;
N330 G00 X42.0;
N335 T0303;
N340 G00 X28.0 Z100.6;
N345 G01 X30.1 Z-1;
N350 G28 U0 W0; N355 G00 X23.0 Z184.6; N360 G01 X25.1 Z-1; N365 G28 U0 W0;
N370 G00 X18.0 Z311.6; N375 G01 X20.1 Z-1; N380 G28 U0 W0;
N385 G00 X13.0 Z330.1;
N390 G01 X15.1 Z-1; N395 G00 X 20.0 Z332.0; N400 G28 U0 W0 M05 M09;
N405 M30;
O0008; N10 G92 X100.0 Z350.0; N15 G28 U0 W0;
N20 S1000 T0101 M03 M08;
N25 G00 X82.0 Z332.0;
N30 G95 G01 X-1.6 W0 F0.3;
N35 G50 X100.0 Z350.0; N40 G00 X42.0 Z332.0; N45 G01 Z34.0;
N50 G00 X37.0 Z332.0;
N55 G00 Z77.0; N60 G00 X32.0 Z332.0;
N65 G00 Z100.5;
N70 G00 X27.0 Z332.0;
N75 G00 Z184.5;
N80 G00 X22.0 Z332.0; N85 G00 Z311.5;
N90 G00 X17.0 Z332.0; N95 G00 Z330.0;
N100 G28 U0 W0;
N105 G00 X82.0 Z332.0;
N110 G71 U1.0 R1.0;
N115G71P120Q190U0.4W0.2F0.3S800
N120 G00 X82.0 Z332.0;
N125 G42 G01 X15.0 Z330.0;
N130 W-18.5; N135 X20.0; N140 W-127.0; N145 X25.0;
N150 W-84; N155 X30.0; N160 W-23.5;
N165 X35.0;
N170 W-43.0; N175 X40.0; N180 W-25.0;
N185 X80.0;
N190 G40.0;
N195 G28 U0 W0;
N200 G50 S1500;
程序號(hào)O0008;
設(shè)置工件坐標(biāo)系;
返回參考點(diǎn);
主軸正轉(zhuǎn),調(diào)用01號(hào)粗車(chē)刀,打開(kāi)冷卻液;
快速走到粗車(chē)右端面起點(diǎn)(82.0,332.0);
粗車(chē)右端面,車(chē)削進(jìn)給速度0.3mm/r;
快速走到外圓粗車(chē)循環(huán)起點(diǎn);
快速定位,靠近工件;
粗車(chē)外圓面;
快速退刀;
粗車(chē)外圓面;
快速退刀;
粗車(chē)外圓面;
快速退刀;
粗車(chē)外圓面;
快速退刀;
粗車(chē)外圓面;
快速退刀;
粗車(chē)外圓面;
返回參考點(diǎn);
快速走到外圓粗車(chē)循環(huán)起點(diǎn);
粗車(chē)循環(huán),每次車(chē)削深度1.0mm,退刀1.0mm;
留粗車(chē)余量X向0.4mm,Z向0.2mm;
快速走到車(chē)削起點(diǎn),精車(chē)進(jìn)給0.15mm/r;
刀具右偏;
精車(chē)Φ15外圓面;
精車(chē)臺(tái)階端面;
精車(chē)Φ20外圓面;
精車(chē)臺(tái)階端面;
精車(chē)Φ25外圓面;
精車(chē)臺(tái)階端面;
精車(chē)Φ30外圓面;
精車(chē)臺(tái)階端面;
精車(chē)Φ35外圓面;
精車(chē)臺(tái)階端面;
精車(chē)Φ40外圓面;
精車(chē)臺(tái)階端面;
取消刀補(bǔ);
返回參考點(diǎn);
限制主軸最高轉(zhuǎn)速為1500r/min;
N205 G96 S20 T0202; N210 G70 P120Q190;
N215 G00 X82.0 Z332.0;
N220 X17.0;
N225 G01 X-2.0;
N230 G28 U0 W0;
N235 T0303;
N240 G00 X16.0 Z326.5;
N245 G01 X12.0 F0.15;
N250 G28 U0 W0;
N255 G00 X21.0 Z299.5;
N260 G01 X16.0 F0.15;
N265 G28 U0 W0; N270 G00 X21.0 Z189.5;
N275 G01 X16.0 W-5.0 F0.15;
N280 G00 X40;
N285 G28 U0 W0;
N290 G97 S1500 T0404;
N295 G01 X21.0 Z311.5;
N300 G76 P3 12 60 Q0.1 R0.1; N305 G76X16.8W-14.5P1.5Q0.85F2.0;
N310 G28 U0 W0;
N315 G01 X26.0 Z184.5;
N320 G76 P3 12 60 Q0.1 R0.1;
N325 G76X16.8W-14.5P2.0Q0.85F2.0;
N330 G00 X42.0;
N335 T0303;
N340 G00 X28.0 Z100.6;
N345 G01 X30.1 Z-1;
N350 G28 U0 W0; N355 G00 X23.0 Z184.6; N360 G01 X25.1 Z-1; N365 G28 U0 W0;
N370 G00 X18.0 Z311.6; N375 G01 X20.1 Z-1; N380 G28 U0 W0;
N385 G00 X13.0 Z330.1;
N390 G01 X15.1 Z-1; N395 G00 X 20.0 Z332.0; N400 G28 U0 W0 M05 M09;
N405 M30;
調(diào)用02號(hào)精車(chē)刀,02號(hào)刀補(bǔ);
粗車(chē)后精車(chē);
回退到精車(chē)端面快速運(yùn)動(dòng)起始點(diǎn);
快速走到精車(chē)端面的工進(jìn)點(diǎn);
精車(chē)右端面;
返回參考點(diǎn);
調(diào)用03號(hào)割槽刀,03號(hào)刀補(bǔ);
刀具快速運(yùn)動(dòng)到切槽起點(diǎn);
切槽;
返回參考點(diǎn);
刀具快速運(yùn)動(dòng)到切槽起點(diǎn);
切槽;
返回參考點(diǎn);
刀具快速運(yùn)動(dòng)到切槽起點(diǎn);
切槽;
切槽刀退出;
返回參考點(diǎn);
取消恒定切削速度,指定主軸轉(zhuǎn)速,調(diào)用04號(hào)螺紋車(chē)刀;
快速運(yùn)動(dòng)到螺紋車(chē)削起始點(diǎn);
復(fù)合螺紋加工循環(huán);
復(fù)合螺紋加工循環(huán);
返回參考點(diǎn);
快速運(yùn)動(dòng)到螺紋車(chē)削起點(diǎn);
復(fù)合螺紋加工循環(huán);
復(fù)合螺紋加工循環(huán);
螺紋刀退出;
調(diào)用03號(hào)割槽刀,03號(hào)刀補(bǔ);
快速運(yùn)動(dòng)到倒角起點(diǎn);
倒角;
返回參考點(diǎn);
快速運(yùn)動(dòng)到倒角起點(diǎn);
倒角;
返回參考點(diǎn);
快速運(yùn)動(dòng)到倒角起點(diǎn);
倒角;
返回參考點(diǎn);
快速運(yùn)動(dòng)到倒角起點(diǎn);
倒角;
返回參考點(diǎn);
主軸停,關(guān)閉冷卻液;
程序結(jié)束。
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