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. —－可編輯修改，可打印—— 別找了你想要的都有！ 精品教育資料 ——全冊教案，，試卷，教學課件，教學設(shè)計等一站式服務(wù)—— 全力滿足教學需求，真實規(guī)劃教學環(huán)節(jié) 最新全面教學資源，打造完美教學模式 必修四 (本單元由：巧君、璐萍、亮英、曉蘭、冉瑩 負責) Unit 1 Achievement n. 成就；功績 An achievement is something which someone has succeeded in doing, especially after a lot of effort. 1、Let me congratulate you on your achievement. 請允許我為您的成就向您表示祝賀。 2、She was given a prize for her achievements in textile design. 她因為在紡織品設(shè)計上取得的成就而得到獎勵。 3、Happiness lies not in the mere possession of money; it lies in the joy of achievement, in the thrill of creative effort. 幸福不僅僅來源于擁有錢財；它來源于有所成就時的快樂以及有所創(chuàng)造時的興奮。 Welfare n. 福利；福利事業(yè) It means the general health, happiness and safety of a person, an animal or a group. 1、 Parents are responsible for the welfare of their children. 父母要對子女的幸福負責。 2、 My principal concern is my family's welfare. 我至為關(guān)心的是我一家的幸福。 3、 The welfare of the individual is bound up with the welfare of the community. 個人的福利與社會的福利有著密切的關(guān)系。 Project n. 項目；工程；規(guī)劃 It is a planned piece of work that is designed to find information about sth, to produce sth new, or to improve sth. 1、 We decided to set up a fund for the Project Hope. 我們決定為希望工程設(shè)立一項基金。 2、 The class are doing a project on the Roman occupation of Britain. 這個班在進行一項關(guān)於古羅馬人占領(lǐng)不列顛的研究。 3、 Our projected visit had to be cancelled. 我們計畫中的訪問不得不取消。 4、 Will you be able to project the film for us? 你能為我們放映那部影片嗎? Institute n. 學會；學院；協(xié)會 An institute is an organization set up to do a particular type of work, especially research or teaching. You can also use institute to refer to the building the organization occupies. 1、 New methods of teaching foreign languages are adopted in this institute. 該學院采用新的外語教學法。 2、 Heibei Normal University has artistic courtyard department; Heibei music institute. 河北師范大學有藝術(shù)院系；河北音樂學院。 3、 A year after the Salon, the Art Institute of Chicago gave them a show, and Life magazine a four-page spread. 繪畫沙龍舉行一年后，芝加哥美術(shù)館為他們辦了展覽，《生活》雜志花了四頁篇幅報道。 Specialist n. 專家；專業(yè)工作者 A specialist is a person who has a particular skill or knows a lot about a particular subject. 1、 My teacher is a specialist in English linguistics. 我的老師是英語語言方面的專家。 2、 What she actually needs is urgent, specialist legal advice. 實際上她急需的是專家的法律意見。 3、 As a mental health specialist, I am an active participant in the therapeutic environment. 作為一名心智健康方面的專家，我在治療方法的研究領(lǐng)域表現(xiàn)積極。 Specialize vi. 專攻；專門從事；專注于 If you specialize in a thing, you know a lot about it and concentrate a great deal of your time and energy on it, especially in your work or when you are studying or training. 1、 He specializes in oriental history. 他專門研究東方史。 2、 This shop specializes in chocolates. 這個商店專門出售巧克力。 3、 This might entail taking classes or getting specialized training. 這就可能要你參加課程或?qū)ｉT的培訓。 Connection n. 連接；關(guān)系 A connection is a relationship between two things, people, or groups. 1、 Is there a connection between smoking and lung cancer? 吸煙跟肺癌是否有關(guān)? 2、 His dismissal has no connection with the quality of his work. 他被解雇一事與他的工作好壞無關(guān). 3、 How long will the connection of the telephone take？ 安裝電話機與總機接通要多長時間? Human being 人類 Human being means relating to or concerning people. 1、 How long can a human being survive without food? 人不吃東西能活多久? 2、 How can a merciful God permit a human being to suffer such torment ? 仁慈的上帝怎么容許一個人受這樣的痛苦？ 3、 Whether sixty or sixteen, there is in every human being's heart the love of wonder. 每個人不管是六十歲或是十六歲，心中都有一股好奇心。 Campaign n. 運動；戰(zhàn)役 vi. 作戰(zhàn)；參加運動 A campaign is a planned set of activities that people carry out over a period of time in order to achieve something such as social or political change. If someone campaigns for something, they carry out a planned set of activities over a period of time in order to achieve their aim. 1、 He fought in the North African campaign during the last war. 在上次戰(zhàn)爭中他在北非戰(zhàn)役參戰(zhàn). 2、 During the campaign, Obama has not talked much about his China policies. 在競選過程中，奧巴馬并沒有過多談及其中國政策。 3、 She spent her life campaigning for women's rights. 她畢生致力於女權(quán)運動. 4、 They campaigned against a war of aggression. 他們開展反侵略戰(zhàn)爭的運動。 Organization n. 組織；機構(gòu)；團體 An organization is an official group of people, for example a political party, a business, a charity, or a club. 1、 He's involved in the organization of a new club. 他參與了新俱樂部的組織工作。 2、 She is brilliant but her work lacks organization. 她很有才華,但工作缺乏條理。 3、 The human body has a very complex organization. 人體是個非常復(fù)雜的機體. Behave vt. & vi. 舉動；（舉止或行為）表現(xiàn) The way that you behave is the way that you do and say things, and the things that you do and say. 1、 She behaves (towards me) more like a friend than a mother. 她像朋友一樣（待我）, 而不像是我的母親. 2、 It's hard to train children to behave well at the table. 培養(yǎng)兒童用餐時舉止得體是很困難的。 3、 How's your new car behaving? 你的新汽車好使嗎? 4、 Behave yourself; don't make a fool of yourself. 注意你的舉止，別鬧出笑話來。 Behaviour (=behavior) 行為；舉止；習性 People's or animals' behaviour is the way that they behave. You can refer to a typical and repeated way of behaving as a behaviour. 1、 She was ashamed of her children's (bad) behaviour. 她因為她的孩子不規(guī)矩而感到羞愧. 2、 Their behaviour towards me shows that they do not like me. 從他們對我的態(tài)度可以看出他們不喜歡我. 3、 He's making himself cheap by his unpleasant behaviour. 他那令人討厭的行為有損他自己的身份。 Shade n. 蔭；陰涼處 vt. 遮住光線 Shade is an area of darkness under or next to an object such as a tree, where sunlight does not reach. If you say that a place or person is shaded by objects such as trees, you mean that the place or person cannot be reached, harmed, or bothered by strong sunlight because those objects are in the way. 1、 The trees give some welcome shade from the sun. 這些樹遮住了陽光, 很舒適涼快。 2、 There is not enough light and shade in your drawing. 你這幅畫的明暗色調(diào)不夠。 3、 This seat is shaded by a tree. 這個座位有一棵樹遮蔭。 4、 She shaded her eyes (from the sun) with her hand. 她把手放在眼睛上方擋住陽光. Move off 離開；起程；出發(fā) When you move off, you start moving away from a place. 1、 A few minutes later, the whistle sounded and the train began to move off. 幾分鐘后,汽笛響了,火車啟動了。 2、 The car stand at the traffic light for a few moment, then move off. 那輛汽車在交通燈前停了一會兒，然后駛?cè)チ恕? 3、 I want to move off campus. 我要搬出去，在校外住。 Worthwhile adj. 值得的；值得做的 If something is worthwhile, it is enjoyable or useful, and worth the time, money, or effort that is spent on it. 1、 I thought it was worthwhile to clarify the matter. 我認為澄清此事是值得去做的。 2、 It wasn't worthwhile continuing with the project. 繼續(xù)這個項目是不值得的。 3、 She is willing to devote herself into the worthwhile cause. 她愿意將自己的一生獻給這項有意義的事業(yè)。 Nest n. 巢；窩 A bird's nest is the home that it makes to lay its eggs in. 1、 The blackbird sat on the nest waiting for the return of her mate. 黑鸝在巢中等候其雄鳥歸來。 2、 Every bird likes its own nest. 金窩銀窩不如自己的狗窩。 3、 Take up the prey in its mandible , the bird is returning to its nest. 將被捕食的動物銜在口里，這只鳥正在回自己的窩去。 Bond n. 聯(lián)系；關(guān)系；結(jié)合；紐帶 A bond between people is a strong feeling of friendship, love, or shared beliefs and experiences that unites them. 1、 This glue makes a good firm bond. 這種膠水粘得很結(jié)實. 2、 A bond of sympathy develops between members of the group. 該組織成員間產(chǎn)生了志同道合的凝聚力。 3、 Common tastes form a bond between the two men. 共同的愛好使兩人結(jié)交為朋友。 Observe vt. 觀察；觀測；遵守 If you observe a person or thing, you watch them carefully, especially in order to learn something about them. If you observe something such as a law or custom, you obey it or follow it. 1、 He observes keenly, but says little. 他觀察敏銳, 但是很少說話。 2、 She observed that he'd left but made no comment. 她看見他離去, 但未置一詞。 3、 The woman was observed to follow him closely. 有人看到那女子緊跟著他。 4、 Do they observe Christmas Day in that country? 那個國家的人過圣誕節(jié)嗎? 5、 Wherever you may is, you must observe the law. 不管你在哪里你都要遵守法律。 Observation n. 觀察；觀測 Observation is the action or process of carefully watching someone or something. 1、 The fault escaped observation for months. 這故障數(shù)月來未引起注意。 2、 He was taken into hospital for observation. 他被送進醫(yī)院觀察。 3、 He's just published his observations on British bird life. 他剛發(fā)表了英國鳥類生活觀察報告. Childhood n. 童年；幼年時代 A person's childhood is the period of their life when they are a child. 1、Why is it that he rarely mentions his childhood? 他為什么很少提到他的兒童時代呢？ 1、 He was my playmate in childhood. 他是我童年時的玩伴。 2、 He spent his childhood in the remote mountain area. 他的童年時代是在這個偏遠的山區(qū)度過的。 Outspoken adj. 直言的；坦誠 Someone who is outspoken gives their opinions about things openly and honestly, even if they are likely to shock or offend people. 1、 His outspoken remarks made him an easy target for the opposition. 他那番直言不諱的言語使他成了反對派的主要抨擊對象。 2、 Hans got in bad with some of his friends because of his outspoken opposition to the war. 漢斯因為坦率地反對這場戰(zhàn)爭，使得他的一些朋友不再喜歡他了。 3、 She was outspoken in her criticism of the plan. 她對該計劃的批評直言不諱。 Respect vt. & n. 尊敬；尊重；敬意 If you respect someone, you have a good opinion of their character or ideas. Respect is also a noun. It means a feeling of admiration for sb/sth because of their good qualities or achievements. 1、 I deeply respect her courage. 我深深敬佩她的勇氣。 2、 If they had any respect for human life they wouldn't do such terrible things. ? 他們?nèi)绻€顧及人的生命就不會做出這樣可怕的事來。 3、 With respect to the question of style this book has not much to say. 關(guān)于這本書的格式問題沒有什么可說的。 4、 In respect of style this essay is much better than that. 在格式方面，這本書比那本好多了。 Argue vt. & vi. 討論；辯論；爭論 If one person argues with another, they speak angrily to each other about something that they disagree about. 1、 We argued with the waiter about the price of the meal. 我們跟服務(wù)員爭執(zhí)那頓飯的價錢。 2、 I argued that we needed a larger office. 我據(jù)理力爭我們需要大些的辦公室。 3、 The lawyers argued the case for hours. 律師們對那個案件辯論了幾小時。 Argument n. 爭論；爭辯；爭吵 An argument is a statement or set of statements that you use in order to try to convince people that your opinion about something is correct. 1、 We agreed without much further argument. 我們沒怎麼進一步爭論就達成了一致意見。 2、 There are strong arguments for and against capital punishment. 對於執(zhí)行死刑, 贊成與反對的雙方都有強有力的論據(jù)。 3、 Most families have arguments over money. 整件事釀成了激烈的爭吵。 Entertainment n. 款待；娛樂；娛樂表演 Entertainment consists of performances of plays and films, and activities such as reading and watching television, that give people pleasure. 1、 Young people often spend big bucks on entertainment. 年輕人常常在娛樂上花很多錢。 2、 He is a boring man. He likes neither entertainment nor reading. 既不愛娛樂，也不愛讀書，他是一個無聊的人。 3、 Local entertainments are listed in the newspaper. 報紙上列有當?shù)氐膴蕵坊顒印? Lead a … life 過著……的生活 1、 The couple lead a happy life. 那對夫妻過著幸福的生活。 2、 The unemployed usually lead a hard life. 失業(yè)的人生活一般很困難。 3、 We hardly lead a life of luxury but we are not poor either. 我們談不上奢侈的生活，但也不窮。 Crowd n. 人群；觀眾 vt. 擠滿；使擁擠 A crowd is a large group of people who have gathered together, for example to watch or listen to something interesting, or to protest about something. 1、 A crowd had already collected outside the embassy gates. 使館大門外已經(jīng)聚集了一群人。 2、 He pushed his way through the crowd. 他在人群中往前擠。 3、 Pupils crowded round (their teacher) to ask questions. 小學生圍著（老師）提問題。 4、 Don't crowd me: give me time to think! 不要逼我: 給我時間讓我想想! Crowd in （想法、問題等）涌上心頭；涌入腦海 move in large numbers into a small space 1、 Disturbing thoughts crowded into my mind. 我心亂如麻。 Inspire vt. 鼓舞；激發(fā)；啟示 If someone or something inspires you to do something new or unusual, they make you want to do it. 1、 His noble example inspired the rest of us to greater efforts. 他那高尚的榜樣激發(fā)我們大家更加努力。 2、 The Lake District scenery inspired Wordsworth to write his greatest poetry. 英格蘭湖區(qū)的美景給了華茲華斯靈感而創(chuàng)作出他最偉大的詩篇。 3、 His best music was inspired by the memory of his mother. 他最好的樂曲創(chuàng)作靈感來自懷念他的母親。 4、 His inspiring speech elevated the audience. 他那鼓舞人心的講話使聽眾振奮。 Inspiration n. 靈感；鼓舞 Inspiration is a feeling of enthusiasm you get from someone or something, which gives you new and creative ideas. 1、 Wordsworth drew (his) inspiration from the Lake District scenery. It was a great source of inspiration to him. 華茲華斯從風景優(yōu)美的英格蘭湖區(qū)獲得靈感. 那地方是他靈感的巨大源泉。 2、 I sat down to write my essay, but found I was completely without inspiration. 我坐下來寫文章, 可是發(fā)覺自己毫無靈感。 3、 Genius is 10% inspiration and 90% perspiration. 天才是10%的靈感加上90%的勤奮. Support n. & vt. 支持；擁護 If you support someone or their ideas or aims, you agree with them, and perhaps help them because you want them to succeed. 1、 The American public stopped supporting the war in Vietnam. 美國公眾不再支持美國在越南進行的戰(zhàn)爭了。 2、 Is this bridge strong enough to support heavy lorries? 這座橋禁得住重型卡車通行嗎? 3、 I was supported by my parents when I was studying. 我求學期間由父母供養(yǎng)。 Look down upon/on 蔑視；瞧不起 regard sb/sth with contempt; consider sb/sth inferior to oneself; despise sb/sth 1、 She looks down on people who've never been to university. 她瞧不起沒上過大學的人。 2、 He was looked down upon because of his humble background. 他因家世寒微而被人看不起。 Refer vi. 談到；查閱；參考 If you refer to a particular subject or person, you talk about them or mention them. If you refer to a book or other source of information, you look at it in order to find something out. 1、 When I said some people are stupid, I wasn't referring to you. 我說有些人很愚蠢, 并不是指你。 2、 The speaker often referred to his notes. 那個講演的人不時地看發(fā)言稿。 3、 This incident in his childhood is never again referred to. 他小時候的這件事永遠不再提了。 Audience n. 觀眾；聽眾；讀者 The audience at a play, concert, film, or public meeting is the group of people watching or listening to it. The audience for a television or radio programme consists of all the people who watch or listen to it. 1、 The audience was/were enthusiastic on the opening night of the play. 那出戲首次公演之夜觀眾非常熱情。 2、 She has addressed audiences all over the country. 她曾向全國各地的聽眾演講。 3、 His book reached an even wider audience when it was filmed for television. 他的書拍成電視以後, 使讀者范圍擴大到觀眾了。 by chance 碰巧；湊巧 by accident; accidentally; unintentionally 1、 I met her quite by chance. 我遇見她完全是偶然的。 2、 Were you brought together by chance, design or destiny? 你們是因機緣走到一起，早有計劃，還是命運使然？ 3、 When one wins a lottery, is this always purely by chance? 當某人彩票中獎后，是不是純粹依靠的是運氣呢？ Come across （偶然）遇見；碰見 meet or find sb/sth by chance 1、 I came across an old school friend in Oxford Street this morning. 今天早上我在牛津大街碰見一位老校友。 2、 She came across some old photographs in a drawer. 她在抽屜里偶然發(fā)現(xiàn)一些舊照片。 3、 Never have I come across such a difficult problem. 我還從沒有遇到過這樣困難的問題。 Career n. 事業(yè)；生涯 A career is the job or profession that someone does for a long period of their life. 1、 She chose an academic career. 她選擇了學術(shù)界職業(yè)。 2、 She experienced a loss of identity after giving up her career to get married. 她放棄職業(yè)結(jié)婚以后有一種失落感。 3、 This career offers a challenge. 這份職業(yè)具有挑戰(zhàn)性。 Rate n. 比率；速度 The rate at which something happens is the number of times it happens over a period of time. The rate at which something happens is the speed with which it happens. 1、 At the rate you work, you'll never finish. 按你這樣的工作速度, 你絕對做不完。 2、 They drove at a steady rate. 他們以平穩(wěn)的速度開車。 3、 What's the going rate of computer programmers? 計算機程序設(shè)計人員的一般工資是多少？ Sickness n. 疾?。粣盒? Sickness is the state of being ill or unhealthy. Sickness is the uncomfortable feeling that you are going to vomit. 1、 They were absent because of sickness. 他們因病缺席。 2、 The sickness passed after I lay down for a while. 我躺下一會後就不惡心了。 3、 Is there much sickness in the village now? 這村莊現(xiàn)在患病的多嗎? 4、 The symptoms of this disease are fever and sickness. 這種病的癥狀是發(fā)燒與嘔吐。 Intend vt. 計劃；打算 If you intend to do something, you have decided or planned to do it. 1、 It's not what I intended (it to be). 那并不是我的本意。 2、 I intend that you shall take over the business. 我有意讓你接管公司。 3、 I think the bomb was intended for me. 我認為那顆炸彈是要炸我的。 4、 I intended it as a joke. 我不過說笑罷了。 Emergency n. 突發(fā)事件；緊急情況 An emergency is an unexpected and difficult or dangerous situation, especially an accident, which happens suddenly and which requires quick action to deal with it. 1、 You should only use this door in an emergency. 在緊急情況下才能使用這扇門。 2、 The government has declared a state of emergency. 政府已宣布進入緊急狀態(tài)。 3、 It is important to keep/stay calm in an emergency. 在緊急情況下保持鎮(zhèn)靜是很重要的。 Generation n. 一代；一輩 A generation is all the people in a group or country who are of a similar age, especially when they are considered as having the same experiences or attitudes. 1、 My generation behaves differently from my father's and grandfather's. 我這一代人和我父輩及祖輩表現(xiàn)不同。 2、 Each generation has its own standards of judgment. 每一代都有它自己的判斷標準。 3、 There exists a generation gap between the young and the old. 青年人和老年人之間存在著代溝。 Determination n. 決心；果斷 Determination is the quality that you show when you have decided to do something and you will not let anything stop you. 1、 His determination carried him through (the ordeal). 他靠堅定的信心度過了難關(guān)。 2、 He confronted his pile of work with determination. 他很堅定地正視這一大堆工作。 3、 It takes a lot of determination to become a movie star. 要想成為一名電影明星需要下很大的決心。 Kindness n. 仁慈；好意 Kindness is the quality of being gentle, caring, and helpful. 1、 Your kindness quite overwhelmed me. 你的好意使我感激難言。 2、 How can I ever repay you for your kindness? 我該怎樣才能報答你的好意呢？ 3、 Kindness always begets kindness. 善有善果。 Considerate adj. 考慮周到的 Someone who is considerate pays attention to the needs, wishes, or feelings of other people. 1、 It was considerate of you not to play the piano while I was asleep. 在我睡覺時你不彈鋼琴, 真是體貼入微。 2、 She considerately left the door open for me. 她考慮周到地讓門敞開著等我進來。 3、 You might be a thought more considerate of other people. 你該多想著點兒別人。 Consideration n. 考慮；體諒 Consideration is careful thought about something. 1、 He has never shown much consideration for his wife's needs. 他從來不大考慮妻子的需要。 2、 he proposals are still under consideration. 那些提議仍在審議中。 3、 After careful consideration, we've decided to accept their offer. 經(jīng)過慎重的考慮，我們決定接受他們的提議。 Deliver vt. 遞送；生（小孩兒）；接生；發(fā)表（演說等） If you deliver something somewhere, you take it there. When someone delivers a baby, they help the woman who is giving birth to the baby. If you deliver a lecture or speech, you give it in public. 1、 Did you deliver my message to my father? 你把我的信息傳給我父親了嗎? 2、 She was delivered of a healthy boy. 她生了一個健康的男孩兒。 3、 Her baby was delivered by her own doctor. 她的嬰兒是由她自己的醫(yī)生給接生的。 4、 The president will deliver a speech about schools. 總統(tǒng)將要就學校問題發(fā)表演講。 Carry on 繼續(xù)；堅持 If you carry on doing something, you continue to do it. 1、 Carry on working/with your work while I'm away. 我不在的時候, 要繼續(xù)做工作。 2、 They decided to carry on in spite of the weather. 他們決定不管天氣好壞都堅持下去。 3、 All we need is enough money to carry on with our work. 我們所需要的就是能有足夠多的錢來支持我們的工作。 Modest adj. 謙虛的；謙讓的；適度的 A modest house or other building is not large or expensive. not large in amount, size, etc; moderate 1、 Might I make a modest suggestion? 我可以提個小小的建議嗎? 2、 We should be modest and prudent. 我們應(yīng)該謙虛謹慎。 3、 A modest man will never boast of his merits. 謙虛的人決不夸自己的功勞。 unit 2 Statistic ? n.統(tǒng)計量；[-s]統(tǒng)計學 adj. 統(tǒng)計的, 統(tǒng)計學的 n.(statistics) (also informal stats) [pl.] a collection of information shown in numbers: crime / unemployment statistics adj: statistical analysis / methods / data 1、The statistics were given in parenthesis. 統(tǒng)計數(shù)字在括號里。 2、I happen to have the official statistics with me. 我碰巧身邊有官方的統(tǒng)計數(shù)字。 3、Have you any statistics that would enforce your argument? 你有任何統(tǒng)計資料可以加強你的論點嗎？ Sunburned ?adj. 曬傷的；古銅色的 suffering from sunburn (of a person or of skin) having an attractive brown colour from being in the sun 1、Her shoulders were badly sunburned. 他的肩膀被嚴重曬傷了。 2、She looked fit and sunburnt. 她看起來又健康又古銅膚色。 Struggle vi.奮斗，努力；斗爭，搏斗 n.斗爭，搏斗 ~ (with sb)fight (with sb) （與某人）爭斗, 搏斗, 打斗 ~ (against/with sb/sth)move one's body vigorously, eg trying to get free ~ (against/with sb/sth) (for sth)try to overcome difficulties, etc; make great efforts 1、two boys struggling (together) （在一起）扭打著的兩個男孩 2、The shopkeeper struggled with the thief. 店主與那竊賊搏斗起來. 3、The prisoner struggled