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第一課時　七年級(上)　Units 1—4 ,中考基礎(chǔ)知識梳理 編者按：此部分嚴(yán)格按照人教課本詞匯表梳理單詞、詞性、漢語意思，旨在讓學(xué)生加強(qiáng)對重點單詞、短語的記憶。 類別 課標(biāo)考點要求 詞 匯 攻 關(guān) 1.please→(形容詞)高興，滿意__pleased__ →(名詞)__pleasure__ 2.meet→(名詞)__meeting__ 3.two→(序數(shù)詞)__second__ →兩次__twice__ 4.one→(序數(shù)詞)__first__ →一次__once__ 5.friend→(形容詞)__friendly__ →(形容詞的反義詞)__unfriendly__ →(名詞)友誼__friendship__ 6.China→(形容詞)__Chinese__ 7.who→(所有格)__whose__ 8.radio→(復(fù)數(shù))__radios__ 9.this→(對應(yīng)詞)__that__ →(復(fù)數(shù))__these__ →(復(fù)數(shù)的對應(yīng)詞)__those__ 10.they→(賓格)__them__ →(形容詞性物主代詞)__their__ →(名詞性物主代詞)__theirs__ →(反身代詞)__themselves__ 11.help→(形容詞)__helpful__ 12.there→(對應(yīng)詞)__here__ 13.my→(復(fù)數(shù))__our__ →(名詞性物主代詞)__mine__ →(復(fù)數(shù)的名詞性物主代詞)__ours__ 14.play→(名詞)播放機(jī)__player__ 短 語 歸 納 1.用英語__in__English__ 2.電話號碼__telephone/phone__number__ 3.名字__first/given__name__ 4.姓__last/family__name__ 5.中學(xué)；初中__middle__school__ 6.鉛筆盒；文具盒__pencil__box__ 7.學(xué)生卡；身份證__ID__card__ 8.請求；懇求(給予)__ask…for__ 9.一套；一副；一組__a__set__of__ 10.在沙發(fā)上__on__the__sofa__ 11.在椅子下__under__the__chair__ 12.在書包里__in__the__schoolbag__ 13.快點兒__come__on__ 14.錄音機(jī)__tape__player__ 15.飛機(jī)模型__model__plane__ 句 型 再 現(xiàn) 1.“這個用英語怎么說？”“橙子?！? —__Whats__this__ in English？ —__Its__an__orange__. 2.這是什么顏色？ __What__color__ is it？ 3.“你叫什么名字？”“艾倫?！? —__Whats__your__name__？ —__My__names/Im__ Alan. 4.那是我的家人。那是我的父母。 __Thats__ my family.__Those__are__ my parents. 5.這里有兩張我的漂亮的全家福。 __Here__are__ two nice photos of my family. 6.“打擾了，格雷絲。這是你的鉛筆嗎？” “是的，謝謝你?！? —__Excuse__me__，Grace.__Is__this__ your pencil？ —Yes，__thank__you__. 7.“這些是你的書嗎？”“不是，是她的?！? —__Are__these__ your books？ —No，__they__arent__.__Theyre__hers__. 8.這本詞典(是誰的)呢？ __What/How__about__ this dictionary？ 9.“安娜，謝謝你的幫助?！薄安豢蜌??！? —__Thank__you__for__your__help__，Anna. —Youre __welcome__. 10.找老師要它。 __Ask__ the teacher __for__ it. 11.給我發(fā)電子郵件到maryg2@gfimail.com。 __Email__me__at__maryg2@gfimail.com. 12.撥打電話6856034找我。 __Call__me__at__ 6856034. 語法 結(jié)構(gòu) 1.名詞復(fù)數(shù)的構(gòu)成及規(guī)律。 2.be動詞的用法。 3.人稱代詞和物主代詞的區(qū)別及用法特點。 4.冠詞的用法。 ,青海五年中考真題演練 ◆人稱代詞和物主代詞 ( C )1.(2016青海23題)—Where are the kids? —Theyre playing soccer.You know，its ________________________________________________________________________ hobby. A．his　　　　B．her　　　　C．their ( C )2.(2015青海34題)—Jane，is this your bike? —No，you can ask Alice.It may be ________. A．she B．her C．hers ( C )3.(2014西寧32題)To ________ surprise，they have learned all the things very well by ______. A．we；they 　　B．us；them C．our；themselves 　　D．ours；themselves ( C )4.(2013青海26題)—What do you think of the house? —It is much more beautiful than ________. A．we B．us C．ours ( A )5.(2012青海22題)—Hi，Bob！Is this your book or Marys? —Its ________ book，not ________. A．my；hers 　　B．mine；her C．my；his 　　D．me；his ◆冠詞 ( B )6.(2016西寧21題)Teachers always tell us to try to be ________ honest student today and ________ useful man tomorrow. A．a(chǎn)；an　　B．a(chǎn)n；a　　C．a(chǎn)n；an　　D．a(chǎn)；a ( B )7.(2015西寧21題)Life is ________ journey and ________ love can make it valuable. A．/；/　　B．a(chǎn)；/　　C．a(chǎn)；a　　D．the；the ( B )8.(2015青海21題)My little brother Bob hopes to travel to ________ space in the future. A．a(chǎn) B．/ C．the ( D )9.(2014西寧21題)Tom promised to buy ________________________________________________________________________ MP4 ________ his sister. A．a(chǎn)；for 　　B．the；as C．a(chǎn)n；with 　　D．a(chǎn)n；for ( B )10.(2014青海21題)________ Browns were having dinner when the telephone rang. A．A B．The C．/ ◆連詞 ( C )11.(2015青海28題)Do more exercise，________ youll have a strong body. A．/ B．or C．a(chǎn)nd ( D )12.(2014西寧34題)—How much will you be paid? —I dont do it for money ______ for experience. A．a(chǎn)lthough　　　　B．however C．besides D．but ,青海中考重難點突破 　say，speak，talk與tell“說”不同 【滿分點撥】 say，speak，talk與tell“說”不同 say強(qiáng)調(diào)說話的內(nèi)容。 speak強(qiáng)調(diào)說話的能力，作及物動詞時，常跟某種語言作賓語。 續(xù)表 talk指連續(xù)不斷地講話，強(qiáng)調(diào)與某人交談。talk to sb.“和某人談話”；talk with sb.“和某人交談”；talk about“討論；談?wù)摗薄? tell“告訴；講述”，強(qiáng)調(diào)講給別人聽。tell sb.sth.“告訴某人某事”；tell sb.about sth.“告訴某人關(guān)于某事”；tell sb.(not) to do sth.“告訴某人(不要)做某事”。 【考點搶測】 ( B )1.(2016西寧中考模擬)—Do you know why he didnt ________ a word when he ________ to? —Because he was too nervous. A．speak；speaks　　　　B．say；was spoken C．say；spoke ( C )2.Dont forget to ________ “Thanks” when you get help. A．tell　　　　B．talk　　　　C．say ( C )3.The teacher hopes that he can ________ the truth. A．say B．speak C．tell ( A )4.Does your language teacher ________ Chinese in class? A．speak B．tell C．talk 5．他正在與老師談話。 He is __talking__ __to__ our teacher. 6．我可以和瑪麗通話嗎？ May I __speak__ __to__ Mary? 　and conj.和；又；而 【滿分點撥】 連詞 作用 含義 例句 and 并列；順承 和；然后 Listen to some music，and youll feel more relaxed. but 轉(zhuǎn)折 但是 I like English songs，but I cant sing any. or 結(jié)果 否則 Tell me the truth，or Ill get angry. so 因果 所以 I didnt have lunch，so Im hungry now. 【考點搶測】 ( A )1.Put on your sweater，________ youll feel much warmer. A．a(chǎn)nd B．or C．but ( B )2.I got up late，________ I had to take a taxi to school. A．or B．so C．a(chǎn)nd ( B )3.Work hard，________ youll fail the test. A．a(chǎn)nd B．or C．but ( B )4.(2016青海中考模擬)Read this article，________ you will understand that not everything can be bought with money. A．or B．a(chǎn)nd C．but 　must modal v．必須 【滿分點撥】 異同點 must have to 異 側(cè)重于說話者的主觀看法，認(rèn)為有必要或有義務(wù)去做某事。 側(cè)重于客觀需要，有“不得不”“被迫”的意思。 情態(tài)動詞，無人稱、時態(tài)變化。 有人稱、時態(tài)變化(have to/has to/had to/will have to)。 “Must…？”問句否定答語用neednt或dont have to。 否定或疑問借助助動詞do/does/did等。 mustnt“一定不要”“不允許” not have to＝neednt“不必” 同 兩者都表示“必須”，后跟動詞原形。 【考點搶測】 1．The last train has gone.Well __have__to__ walk home. 2．Everyone __must__ keep the law. ( C )3.(2015孝感中考)—Must I hand in my homework now，Mr.Smith? —No，you ________． A．cant B．wouldnt C．neednt 　family n．家；家庭 【滿分點撥】 family 家庭 強(qiáng)調(diào)家庭成員。 home 家；家鄉(xiāng) 指家庭成員在一起生活的地方。 house 房子 主要指建筑物、住宅等，可以包含若干房間(rooms)。 圖解助記： 【考點搶測】 1．這是托尼的全家福照片。 This is a photo of Tonys __family__． 2．去年我哥哥建了一座新房子。 My brother built a new __house__ last year. 3．他把中國看作第二故鄉(xiāng)。 He considers China as his second __home__． ( C )4.(2016青海中考模擬)Sally considers Wuhan to be her second ________ because she has lived here for 13 years. A．family B．house C．home 　辨析good，fine，nice與well 【滿分點撥】 good，fine，nice和well都有“好”的意思，常見用法如下表： 詞匯 用法 good 說明人的品質(zhì)好或物的質(zhì)量好。 fine 側(cè)重于“質(zhì)量的精細(xì)、身體健康”，常表示品質(zhì)、特點和能力的好，還可表示“天氣晴好”。 nice 指某人或某物能取悅他人的感官，使人感到喜悅、感到舒適，含有“美好的、美妙的、漂亮的”等意思；還可表示“對人友好和藹”。 well 作形容詞時指身體健康狀況好；作副詞時指某一動作做得好。 【考點搶測】 ( B )1.—Your daughters skirt looks very ________． —Thanks a lot. A．fine B．nice C．well ( B )2.It is ________ for your health to do morning exercises every day. A．fine　　B．good　　C．well　　D．bad 3．多好的天氣呀，我們?nèi)ド⒉桨桑? __What__ __fine__weather！Lets go out for a walk. 4．我很好，謝謝！ I am __very__ __well__，thanks. 5．吉姆是一個很好的籃球運動員，他在我校校隊里。 Jim is a __good__ basketball player.He __plays__ in our school team. 　help的用法 【滿分點撥】 help作動詞時，其常見用法如下： (1)help sb.(to) do sth.＝help sb.with sth.幫助某人做某事。如：Can you help me (to) learn English？你能幫助我學(xué)習(xí)英語嗎？ Please help me with my French.請幫我學(xué)法語。 (2)help oneself(to)自用(食物等)。如：Help yourself to the fish.請隨便吃點魚肉。 (3)help to do sth.有助于做某事。如：This program helps to improve our English.這個計劃有助于提高我們的英語。 (4)cant help doing sth.情不自禁地做某事。如：I couldnt help smiling when I heard her singing.當(dāng)我聽到她唱歌時，我情不自禁地笑了。 help還可作名詞，意為“幫助”，常見用法如下： (1)with the help of在……的幫助下 (2)ask sb.for help向某人請求幫助 【考點搶測】 ( A )1.Tom said he would help us ________ the furniture. A．move B．moving C．moves ( B )2.—Sandy，will you help me ________ the washing this morning? —Of course，Mom. A．does　　B．do　　C．doing　　D．did 3．他經(jīng)常在周末幫助我學(xué)英語。 He often __helps__ __me__ __with__ my English on weekends. 　What about的用法 【滿分點撥】 What about…？意為“……怎么樣？……好嗎？”，用于引出話題或向?qū)Ψ皆儐柷懊嬉烟岬竭^的事情，也可以用來表示征求對方的意見或向?qū)Ψ教岢鲆庖姟bout是介詞，其后跟名詞、代詞或v.ing形式作賓語。如： What about going fishing this afternoon? 今天下午去釣魚怎么樣？ 提出建議六句型： What/How about＋ doing sth.? 做某事怎么樣？— 　　　　　Shall we do sth.? 我們做某事好嗎？ — 　Youd better(not)＋ do sth.. 你最好(不)做某事。——提出建議——Why dont you (we)＋do sth.? 為什么不做某事呢？ —Lets do…！ 讓我們做……吧！ —Would you mind doing sth.? 你介意做某事嗎？ 【考點搶測】 ( C )1.(2015隨州中考)—What about having a drink? —________． A．Never mind 　　B．Youre right C．Good idea ( C )2.—What about ________ football with me? —That sounds great. A．to play 　　B．play C．playing 　　D．played ( B )3.—We have worked for three hours.What about listening to the music for a while? —________. A．Good luck 　　B．Sounds good C．Cheer up 　　D．My pleasure ,?？荚掝}寫作指導(dǎo)結(jié)交新朋友 ◆寫作導(dǎo)圖 從全國近五年結(jié)交新朋友相關(guān)話題書面表達(dá)的命題來看，通常有三個角度的內(nèi)容： 1．個人的情況。 2．對友誼的認(rèn)識。 3．如何對待朋友。 結(jié)合青?？记?，可以預(yù)測第三種考查角度幾率更大。 I have a friendBasic informationappearancecharactersThings between usknow each other；the same hobby；help sb.with sth.；…My opinion on friendshipA friend in need is a friend indeed. Friendship is very important in my life. ◆亮點句型速成 常用句型：Friendship is very important in our everyday life. 推薦句型：→①Friendship is like the rainbow in the sky. →②A friend in need is a friend indeed. →③A friend can bring happiness to us when the sky is gray. →④When it rains，I think friendship is a small umbrella. →⑤When I am in trouble，I think friendship is a strong hand. (一)開頭句 1．I want to have friends to spend every sunny day. 2．To make friends，I am always be friendly to others. (二)中間句 3．We shouldnt leave our friends alone when they need us. 4．We should help our friends when they are in trouble. 5．I would like to make friends with people who are honest. (三)結(jié)尾句 6．Make new friends and keep the old，one is silver and the other is gold. 7．I think when we are sincerely honest to our friends，we can get the true friendship. ◆寫作模板 I think 朋友的重要性in our daily life.If someone has no friends，I think，沒有朋友的結(jié)果．So I am 有朋友的好處．Once，I met 我的朋友．We talked a long time.And then 我的感受 when I was 曾經(jīng)的經(jīng)歷．He hurried to me and comforted me.I felt very warm.I think 朋友的重要性． ◆典例剖析 每個人都是獨一無二的，都有著與眾不同之處，人們喜歡你一定會有很多原因。請以“What Makes Me a Good Friend？”為題寫一篇英語短文。 要求：1.語言表達(dá)準(zhǔn)確，短文連貫通順； 2．文中不得出現(xiàn)真實姓名和學(xué)校名稱； 3．80詞左右。 【審題指導(dǎo)】細(xì)讀所給的文字提示，可以提取以下信息： 1．我對每個人都有自己的個性特點的看法。(每個人的個性特點包括性格和愛好) 2．寫出自己的愛好、性格以及人們對你贊賞的地方。 3．著重說出為什么別人會喜歡你，即你在與朋友相處的時候，你令你朋友喜歡你的原因。 4．文章中提及自己的個性特點的時候應(yīng)該用一般現(xiàn)在時，而如果是回憶往事的時候則用一般過去時或者過去完成時。 5．詞數(shù)80詞左右，不得出現(xiàn)真實姓名、校名和地名。 【范文點評】 What Makes Me a Good Friend？ ①I__am__a__boy__who__never__gets__angry__easily__with__my__friends__and__I__am__ready__to__help__others，including strangers.I think，②thats__why__people__love__to__make__friends__with__me. Once，on a bus，I met a girl who was listening to her MP4.She didnt ③notice__her__bag__fall__onto__the__floor．The bus ④was__crowded__with people and I was afraid the bag was gone.So I picked it up.But she thought I was a thief.I was not angry ⑤and__explained__my__action__to her patiently.At last she believed me and now we are good friends. 　?、龠@是一個并列復(fù)合句。前面的分句有一個由who引導(dǎo)的定語從句，使得句子的層次感更強(qiáng)，句式更為豐富。 ②采用表語從句，增加了句式的豐富性。 ③notice后的賓語用賓語補(bǔ)足語，增添了文章句式的多樣化，使文章更具可讀性。 ④采用be crowded with這個詞組，使得文章詞匯運用更高級，為文章增色。 ⑤本句是并列句，而且采用了explain sth.to sb.詞組，使文章句式豐富，使人眼前一亮。