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第十課時　八年級(下)　Units 1—2 ,中考基礎知識梳理 類別 課標考點要求 詞 匯 攻 關 1.stomach→(名詞)胃痛，腹痛__stomachache__ 2.foot→(復數(shù))__feet__ 3.own→(名詞)__owner__ 4.break→(形容詞)__broken__ 5.train→(名詞)__training__ 6.kind→(名詞)__kindness__ 7.climb→(名詞)__climber__ 8.strong→(反義詞)__weak__ 9.feel→(名詞)__feeling__ →(過去式)__felt__ 10.tooth→(復數(shù))__teeth__ →(名詞)牙痛__toothache__ 短 語 歸 納 1.感冒__have__a__cold__ 2.胃痛__have__a__stomachache__ 3.躺下__lie__down__ 4.量體溫__take__ones__temperature__ 5.發(fā)燒__have__a__fever__ 6.休息__take__breaks/take__a__break__ 7.下車__get__off__ 8.使……驚訝的是；出乎……的意料__to__ones__surprise__ 9.立即；馬上__right__away__ 10.陷入；參與__get__into__ 11.習慣于……__be__used__to__ 12.冒險__take__risks/take__a__risk__ 13.用盡；耗盡__run__out(of)__ 14.切除__cut__off__ 15.離開；從……出來__get__out__of__ 16.掌管；管理__be__in__control__of__ 17.放棄__give__up__ 18.打掃(或清除)干凈__clean__up__ 19.(使)變得更高興；振奮起來__cheer__up__ 20.分發(fā)；散發(fā)__give__out__ 21.想出；提出__come__up__with__ 22.推遲__put__off__ 23.分發(fā)__hand__out__ 24.打電話給(某人)；征召__call__up__ 25.照顧；非常喜歡__care__for__ 26.參加……選拔；試用__try__out__ 27.修理；裝飾__fix__up__ 28.贈送；捐贈__give__away__ 29.(外貌或行為)像__take__after__ 30.建立；設立__set__up__ 31.影響；有作用__make__a__difference__ 32.幫助……走出困境__help…out__ 句 型 再 現(xiàn) 1.“你怎么啦？”“我背痛?！? —__Whats__the__matter__？ —I__have__a__sore__back__. 2.我該怎么辦？ __What__should__I__do__？ 3.“我應該放些藥在上面嗎？”“應該。/不應該。” —__Should__I__put some medicine on it？ —Yes，__you__should__．/No，__you__shouldnt__. 4.昨天上午9：00，26路公交車正行駛在中華路上，這時司機看到一位老人躺在路邊。 At 9：00 a．m.yesterday，bus No.26__was__going__along__ Zhonghua Road when the driver__saw__an old man__lying__on the side of the road. 5.有人頭部受到撞擊。 Someone__got__hit__on the head. 6.作為一名登山者，阿倫習慣于冒險。 As a mountain climber，Aron __is__used__to__taking__ risks. 7.他們給我講過去的生活經(jīng)歷，講過去是什么樣子的。 They told me stories about the past and how things __used__to__be__. 8.她在四歲時就能獨自看書了。 She could read __by__herself__at__the__age__of__four__. 9.有了你的幫助，我才有可能擁有“Lucky”。 You helped to__make__it__possible__ for me to have Lucky. 10.我喜愛動物，我對擁有一條狗這個想法感到興奮。 I love animals and I was __excited__about__the idea __of__having__a__dog__. 語法 結構 1.情態(tài)動詞should的用法。 2.常用的動詞詞組的用法。 話 題 1.Health and first aid(健康與急救) 2.Volunteering and charity(志愿服務與慈善) ,青海五年中考真題演練 ◆反身代詞 ( A )1.(2015青海23題)—Judy and I will go to the beach tomorrow. —Its so nice.Enjoy ________. A．yourselves　　　　　B．yourself C．herself ( C )2.(2014青海38題)—I feel nervous for tomorrows tennis game. —Believe in ________，you are the best in our club. A．you　　B．yourselves　　C．yourself ◆動詞不定式 ( B )3.(2014青海33題)The room is big enough for 20 people ________. A．living B．to live in C．to live ◆詞匯類 ( A )4.(2013青海34題)—Jeff seems unhappy.Whats the matter? —He got his bike lost this afternoon.Lets go to ________ him ________. A．cheer；up B．make；up C．set；up 5．(2012西寧86題)因為公共場所禁止吸煙，我相信越來越多的人將會戒煙。 I believe more and more people will __give__ __up__ smoking because its not allowed in public. ,青海中考重難點突破 　give up放棄 【滿分點撥】 give up的用法 (1)give up是動副短語，后接代詞作賓語時，必須放在兩詞中間。 (2)give up后接動詞時需用動詞的ing形式，相當于stop doing sth.。 【歸納拓展】give的相關短語 【考點搶測】 1．整天玩電腦游戲?qū)δ愕慕】涤泻ΑＤ銘摲艞壦? Playing computer games all day is bad for your health.You should __give__ __it__ __up__． 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 2．你應該戒煙。 You should __give__ __up__ __smoking__． ( C )3.He failed to break the world record for long jump many times，but he never________his hope. A．took off　　　　　B．put away C．gave up 　cheer up(使)變得更高興；振奮起來 【滿分點撥】 cheer up的用法 (1)cheer up也可以單獨使用，表示“變得高興；振奮起來”。 (2)cheer sb.up意為“使某人高興起來”，相當于make sb.happy。如果賓語是名詞或詞組，可放在cheer up的中間或后面，若是代詞作賓語，則只能放在cheer up的中間。 【歸納拓展】本單元中up短語 【考點搶測】 1．振作起來吧！你的困難不久就會過去的。 __Cheer__ __up__！Your trouble will soon be over. 2．橙色能帶給我們成功，使我們振作。 Orange can bring us success and __cheer__ us __up__． ( C )3.—We failed in the singing competition. —________．Better times are waiting for you. A．No way B．Best wishes C．Cheer up 　trouble n．問題；苦惱 【滿分點撥】 trouble的用法 【歸納拓展】 trouble作動詞，意為“打擾；使煩惱”，常用搭配為： trouble sb.to do sth.麻煩某人做某事 be sorry to trouble sb.很抱歉打擾某人 【一言辨異】 Dont trouble trouble till trouble troubles you. 麻煩沒找你，你別找麻煩。 【考點搶測】 1．不要嘲笑處于困境中的人。 Dont laugh at the people __in__ __trouble__． 2．We have some trouble __working__(work) out the problem. ( B )3.(2015泉州中考)—Jack，I have ________ working out the math problem. —Dont worry.Let me help you. A．fun　　　B．trouble　　　C．experience 　辨析lonely與alone 【滿分點撥】 考點 詞義 用法 alone 單獨的；獨自的(形容詞) 作表語 只有；僅僅；單獨(副詞) 作狀語 lonely 孤獨的；寂寞的；偏僻的 作定語、表語，賓語補足語 【一言辨異】 I was travelling alone in the lonely mountain.I didnt feel lonely though I was alone.我獨自在荒涼的山里旅行。雖孤身一人，但我并不感到寂寞。 【考點搶測】 1．雖然他單身，但是他沒有感到孤單。 Although he is single，he doesnt __feel__ __lonely__. ( B )2.They left their daughter ________ in the house. A．lonely 　　B．a(chǎn)lone C．lone 　　D．loneliness ( B )3.(2015婁底中考)His grandparents live ______ in a small house，but they dont feel ________． A．lonely；alone 　　B．a(chǎn)lone；lonely C．lonely；lonely 　raise v．募集；征集 【滿分點撥】 辨析raise與rise 兩個詞都有“舉起；提高；升起”之意，但其用法不盡相同。 rise 不及物動詞 上升；上漲；提高 不規(guī)則動詞，過去式rose，過去分詞為risen。 raise 及物動 詞 使升高；提 高；飼養(yǎng) 規(guī)則動詞，過去式和過去分詞均為raised。 圖解助記： 【考點搶測】 ( B )1.The sun ________ in the east every morning. A．rose　　　　　　 B．rises C．raised D．raises ( B )2.After a heavy rain，the water in the river ________ high. A．rode B．rose C．raised D．goes ( B )3.The old man has got a serious disease，lets ________ money for him. A．rise　　　　B．raise　　　　C．give 4．如果你知道答案，請舉手。 If you know the answer，please __raise__ your __hand__. 　辨析repair，mend與fix 【滿分點撥】 考點 不同 例句 repair repair常指損失重大或構造較復雜的事物，如房屋、汽車、橋梁的修理。也可指修鞋。 Mary repaired the radio just for the fun of it.瑪麗修理收音機只是為了消遣。 I am going to have my bike repaired tomorrow.我打算明天找人把自行車修理一下。 續(xù)表 考點 不同 例句 mend mend著重指修補小至日常用具，大到較復雜的物體。很多時候可與repair互換。 Can you mend a broken dish？你能修理破碟子嗎？ She is mending her shoes.她正在修理她的鞋子。 fix fix則側(cè)重于“安裝”，有時也用作“修理”。 The workers are fixing the machine.工人們正在安裝機器。 Have you had your watch fixed？你已找人修你的表了嗎？ 【考點搶測】 ( C )1.His car is broken.He is going to get it ________________________________________________________________________. A．fixed　　　B．mended　　　C．repaired ( A )2.There is a hole on her jeans.She is going to ask her mother to ________ it for her. A．mend B．fix C．repair 3．邁克的工作就是給客戶安裝空調(diào)。 Mikes job is __to__ __fix__ airconditioner for clients. 4．亡羊補牢，猶未為晚。 It is never too late __to__ __mend__ the fold even after some of the sheep have been lost. 　run out(of)用盡 【滿分點撥】 run out短語的用法 (1)run out意為“用盡”，相當于be used up，其主語通常為時間、食物、金錢等名詞；run out是不及物動詞短語，其后不能帶賓語，無被動形式。 (2)run out of sth.(＝use up sth.)意為“用盡某物”，主語一般是人。 【考點搶測】 1．我們的煤用光了，只好燒木頭。 We __ran__ __out__ __of__ the coal and had to burn wood. 2．快點！我們快沒時間了。 Hurry up！Our time is __running__ __out__. ( C )3.The food and drink ________ early，but the party was a great success. A．ran out of 　　B．were run out C．were used up 　　D．used up ( C )4.He told the interviewer that he had run__out__of money to buy old bikes. A．put away 　　B．taken out C．used up 　difficulty n．困難；難題 【滿分點撥】 difficult/difficultly/difficulty的用法辨析 difficult 形容詞 “困難的”，作定語、表語或賓語補足語。 difficultly 副詞 “困難地”，作狀語。 difficulty 名詞 have difficulty(in)doing sth.做某事有困難。 【考點搶測】 1．當你做決定有困難時，可以打電話給我。 You can call me if you have __a__ __difficult__ decision. ( B )2.—Do you have any difficulty in ________ English? —Yes，but I try to make myself ________． A．to speak；understood B．speaking；understood C．to speak；to understand 　—Whats the matter？——怎么了？ —I have a stomachache.——我胃痛。 【滿分點撥】 (1)Whats the matter？意為“怎么了？”常用來詢問身體有什么不適或有什么不順心的事，也可以用來詢問某物出了什么故障，后面可接with sb./sth.，表示“某人或某物怎么了？”。 (2)由ache構成的復合名詞 (3)“have＋a＋名詞”型短語 【歸納拓展】 【考點搶測】 ( C )—You look really tired.________？ —I didnt sleep well last night.I had a headache. A．How about you B．What should I do C．Whats the matter 　Should I take my temperature？我應該量一下體溫嗎？ 【滿分點撥】 (1)should作情態(tài)動詞，有實際的詞義，但它不可單獨作謂語，須與動詞原形連用，沒有人稱和單復數(shù)的變化。 You should work harder.你應該更努力地工作。 (2)常用句型：You should/shouldnt do sth.“你(不)應該做某事”。 【溫馨提示】 should表示預測和可能性，意為“應該；可能”。 We should arrive by supper time. 我們在晚飯時間應該能到了。 She should be here at any moment. 她隨時都可能來。 【考點搶測】 ( C )After you read the article Why fast food is slowly killing you，you ________ stop eating fast food. A．can　　　　　　B．may C．should 　Thanks__to Mr.Wang and the passengers，the doctors saved the man in time.多虧了王先生和這些乘客，醫(yī)生才及時挽救了這個(老)人。 【滿分點撥】 thanks to“由于；幸虧”，介詞短語，后接名詞、代詞，強調(diào)感謝的對象。 Thanks to your help，we can finish the work on time.多虧了你的幫忙，我們才準時完成工作。 【歸納拓展】 thanks for“因……而感謝”，客套用語，thanks相當于thank you。for為介詞，后接名詞或動詞ing，強調(diào)為何而感謝。 Thanks for inviting me to your party. 謝謝你邀請我參加你的聚會。 【考點搶測】 ( C )Thanks ________ Mr.Hu，we have learnt many English songs. A．for B．a(chǎn)t C．to ,?？荚掝}寫作指導 健康與急救 ◆命題探索 從青海及全國近五年健康與急救相關話題書面表達的命題來看，此類作文命題通常從以下兩個角度考查： 1．保持健康已經(jīng)成為人們關注的熱點話題之一，健康包括哪些方面、中學生面臨的健康問題、保持健康的重要性。如：2014青海；2012西雙版納；2011福州。 2．如何保持健康。如：2015西寧；2015鹽成；2014畢節(jié)；2011長沙；2011青海。 結合青?？记?，可以預測第二個考查角度幾率更大。 ◆典例剖析 (2015西寧中考)學校英語俱樂部開展“健康生活”征文活動，現(xiàn)面向全校同學征稿，題目為：My Healthy Life。請根據(jù)表格信息寫一篇80詞左右的短文，談談你如何通過飲食和運動保持健康，并提出至少兩條建議與大家分享。(標題和首句已給出，不計入總詞數(shù)) My Healthy Life What to eat fruit，vegetables，meat，milk，egg…/junk food… What to do run，play basketball…/watch TV，play computer games… Other advice happy，confident，helpful，friendly…/nervous，angry… My Healthy Life Health is very important for everyone.________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ 【審題指導】細讀所給的文字提示，提取信息： 1．談談你如何通過飲食和運動保持健康，并提出建議。因此文體為說明文。 2．內(nèi)容涉及以下三個方面：吃什么；做什么；其他建議。要點不能遺漏。 3．本文要求談談自己的健康計劃，因此寫作時用第一人稱，時態(tài)為一般現(xiàn)在時，其他人稱和時態(tài)具體情況具體對待。 4．詞數(shù)為80詞左右；不得在文中提及真實的人名、地名或校名。 【寫作導圖】 My Healthy LifeIntroduction—Health is very important for everyone. How to keep healthy—Firstly，eat properly. Secondly，do sports regularly.Thirdly， stay happy. Conclusion—Hope everyone will be healthy. 【范文點評】 My Healthy Life Health is very important for everyone.①So we must try to keep healthy.Here are some of my ways to keep healthy. ②Firstly，eat properly.For lunch，I eat meat and rice but I never eat junk food，such as hamburgers and French fries.I know they are bad for my health.I often eat vegetables and fruit.Water and milk are also my favorite. ②Secondly，do sports regularly.I always play basketball after school.I dont play computer games for long because I need to have enough sleep. ②Thirdly，stay happy.Try to be helpful and friendly.These bring me lots of friends and help me feel less nervous. ③This is what I usually do.Do you think Im living a healthy life？I hope everyone will be healthy. ①點出健康的重要性。并啟下表明要說的話題。 ②使用Firstly， Secondly，Thirdly這三個詞使要說明的內(nèi)容條理清晰。 ③總結全文，表達祝愿。 ,中考熱點素材拓展 Hot Web TV 網(wǎng)絡綜藝節(jié)目 編者按：近期，《拜托了冰箱》《你正常嗎》等一系列網(wǎng)絡節(jié)目熱播，風頭甚至有蓋過傳統(tǒng)電視節(jié)目之勢，一場網(wǎng)絡革命正在悄然掀起。 根據(jù)短文，從方框中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項。 This summer，webonly reality shows seem to be stealing the thunder(搶占了風頭) of traditional TV.According to Chinese video websites plan，1.__D__：talk shows，debate programs，parenting shows.The most popular among them include Go！Fridge(《拜托了冰箱》) and Sstyle Show(《姐姐好餓》)．There are over 10 million clicks on both of the programs every day.2.__A__.Many famous TV hosts including He Jiong(何炅)，Wang Han(汪涵) and Xie Na(謝娜)，have joined in the web revolution(革命)． In the meantime，3.__E__.A report said earlier this month by China Internet Network Information Center shows that the country has around 700 million Internet users.This huge market means that online video sites are being transformed from supplementary broadcast platforms(輔助性的播放平臺) to original program suppliers(原創(chuàng)節(jié)目供應商).4.__C__，aiming their programs mainly at the post1990s generation who are the most active users of the Internet.Online shows work on the needs of their viewers. However，5.__B__.Besides，as the time goes on，web shows are actually no different than TV shows.The existing online shows havent maximized(最大化) the advantage of Internet.Real interaction(互動) should be based on live streaming(實時直播)． A．Online shows are no longer just the home of new faces and unknown stars B．the success of online shows is popular mainly because of the wellknown hosts and guests C．Compared to traditional TV，most web shows suit the tastes of young viewers exactly D．there will be over 90 shows covering different kinds of styles coming out this year E．it appears that some traditional TV shows are losing their attraction