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第10練　閱讀理解＋七選五 Ⅰ.閱讀理解 A The rising progress has made positive and negative impacts on the planet. Aging Aging is the collective process through which an organism undergoes lots of changes over the course of its lifetime.In humans，aging brings with it body and organ weakness and mental decline.Scientists have researched some organisms.However，the exact process remains a mystery. Agriculture The ever－growing human population along with the recent population explosion has caused a dramatic increase in the demand for food crops.One way can be by upgrading the agricultural practices of farmers.Another way is to research and produce newer varieties of these food crops. Antibiotic Resistance With the appearance of anti－microbial，numerous diseases have been prevented.Infections that would have proven fatal a few decades ago are now taken care of.But with too much use of antimicrobial solutions，the infectious organisms evolve and adapt to overcome these substances，as the strength and efficiency of these antibiotics evolves due to medical research.An infection caused by such an organism is not only untreatable，but also proves to be fatal. Cancer Metastasis Cancer，or tumor，is the condition of uncontrolled and abnormal division of body cells.These cells have the potential to spread to other parts of the body，and spread the cancer.There are two types of tumors—benign and metastatic.The benign tumor can be easily removed by surgery.However，if the cells turn metastatic，that is they gain the ability to move to other parts of the body through the blood stream，the tumor is said to be metastatic.Not only is this condition without a cure，but the process by which it occurs is also not known in detail.Research has to be carried out to determine the process. Research on any of these topics will promote the understanding of biological processes，and help humans in improving their quality of life. 【語篇解讀】　本文敘述了在生物學(xué)方面值得大力研究的四個(gè)方面。 1．Research has to be focused on the process of ________． A．a(chǎn)griculture and antibiotic resistance B．a(chǎn)ging and antibiotic resistance C．a(chǎn)griculture and cancer metastasis D．a(chǎn)ging and cancer metastasis 答案　D　[細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Aging中的“However，the exact process remains a mystery”和Cancer Metastasis的“Research has to be carried out to determine the process”可知答案。] 2．What contributes to antibiotic resistance according to the text? A．Progress in medical research. B．Development in treatment equipment. C．Evolution of the human gene material. D．Effects people have on the environment. 答案　A　[推理判斷題。根據(jù)Antibiotic Resistance可知，由于醫(yī)療科學(xué)的發(fā)展，抗生素的使用更加有效，大量的使用之后，病毒不斷進(jìn)化從而適應(yīng)了抗生素。] 3．In the author’s opinion，there’s nothing to worry about if the tumor ________． A．is controlled in one place B．a(chǎn)ppears in the body of others C．is separated from blood D．moves to other parts of the body 答案　A　[推理判斷題。根據(jù)Cancer Metastasis中的“The benign tumor can be easily removed by surgery”可知，腫瘤分為兩種，只有轉(zhuǎn)移的才是惡性的；良性的也就是不轉(zhuǎn)移的，是可以輕易地用外科手術(shù)治療的。] 4．What would be the best title for the text? A．Advancement in the Research in Biology B．Ways to Study Various Aspects of Biology C．Topics for Research in the Field of Biology D．Mysteries for Research in the Field of Biology 答案　C　[主旨大意題。通讀全文并根據(jù)最后一段可知答案。] B Drinks Have No Wings You may have heard that “Red Bull gives you wings”．But while most people take the advertising slogan as a metaphor (隱喻)，some Americans seem to have taken it very seriously. Benjamin Careathers had been drinking the drink for 10 years，expecting to at least feel more energetic，but nothing happened.Feeling fooled by the ad，he took the issue to court in January 2013. In October，the Austria－based company agreed to pay $6.5 million (39.7 million yuan) to customers who have bought the drink since 2002.People in the US can apply for a share through energydrinksettlement.com before March 2015. But is the case really that ridiculous? Red Bull said they had done nothing wrong and they only paid the money to save the cost and trouble of legal action. However，the suit told a different story.Even though there is no evidence that Red Bull energy drinks provide more benefit for consumers than a cup of coffee，the company markets their products as a superior source of energy that costs little. “Such conduct means that Red Bull’s advertising and marketing is not just ‘puffery’，but is misleading and therefore actionable (可訴訟的)，” the suit said. The company said that the drink could promote healthy joints and reduce the risk of eye diseases.However，according to the organization，the product contains a lot of sugar，which could actually lead to many health problems. Coca－Cola agreed to pay $1.2 million in compensation in July.But to fully stop the company from linking the drink to health benefits，Truth in Advertising，another non－profit organization，took the issue to court again in late October. False advertisements have become a common problem around the world.China changed its consumer rights law last year to ban advertising companies and media from making or publishing false advertisements.Celebrities (明星) are also made responsible if they endorse (代言) false or substandard products. 【語篇解讀】　本文以“紅牛”為例，告訴我們夸大其辭做虛假宣傳的商家會(huì)受到法律的嚴(yán)懲。 5．What benefits can people get，according to the Red Bull company? A．One can really fly like birds，for it offers you wings. B．Drink it，and one can be forever energetic and young. C．As it contains a lot of sugar，it can make one more powerful. D．Healthy joints can be promoted if one takes this drink. 答案　D　[細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第八段中的“The company said that the drink could promote healthy joints and reduce the risk of eye diseases”可知，公司聲稱紅牛飲料可以使關(guān)節(jié)更加健康。故選D項(xiàng)。] 6．This article shows clearly that ________． A．more companies will be taken to court as they fail to live up to their promises B．both Red Bull and Coca－Cola are now winning the consumers’ trust and respect C．Benjamin Careathers has benefited a great deal since he drank Red Bull D．no puffery words have ever appeared in both Red Bull and Coca－Cola’s advertisements 答案　A　[推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第九、十段可知，可口可樂公司因夸大飲料的功效而受到懲罰，而現(xiàn)在世界范圍內(nèi)虛假廣告已經(jīng)成為一個(gè)嚴(yán)重的問題，中國政府也改變法律來禁止公司做虛假宣傳，連代言的明星都要承擔(dān)法律責(zé)任，由此可推知，將會(huì)有更多夸大其辭的公司被告上法庭，故選A項(xiàng)。] 7．Faced with the suit，the Red Bull company decided to ________． A．a(chǎn)pologize to its customers and pay for their losses in health B．take full responsibility for the bad effects it has caused to its customers C．give no one but its American customers some money as a reward D．spend some money to save the cost and trouble of legal action 答案　D　[細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第五段“Red Bull said they had done nothing wrong and they only paid the money to save the cost and trouble of legal action”可知，紅牛公司認(rèn)為自己沒有做錯(cuò)，他們只是花錢來挽回?fù)p失和處理法律訴訟的問題，故選D項(xiàng)。] C As globalization continues to make the world a smaller place，and goods become more accessible across borders，concerns about food safety in the Asia－Pacific region have steadily risen over the years.An APEC forum is being held in Beijing，to find ways to better address the problem. 156 participants from 19 APEC economies and 4 nonAPEC members attended the APEC Food Safety Cooperation Forum.Created 7 years ago，the forum has been actively looking for ways to strengthen food safety standard in the region，without affecting trade. “As consumers are faced with more varieties of food，the potential food safety risk also becomes bigger.This forum has helped APEC economies to cooperate in supervision (監(jiān)督)，exchange information，and improve the overall food safety standard in the Asia－Pacific region，” said director of China’s General Administration of Quality Supervision Wu Qinghai. For the first time the forum has brought together high－level regulators，academics，and industry stakeholders to talk about their respective roles in safety supervision.They say governments alone cannot shoulder this heavy duty. In China，the continuous food safety problems have greatly hurt consumers’ confidence in domestic products; therefore more turned to imports.However，problems related to quality of those imported goods also began to show.In July this year，more than 400 batches (批) of food imports from 35 countries and regions were found substandard by the country’s top quality supervisor. Governments and industries have been brought closer by this forum.As food moves more freely beyond borders，this forum is hoped to promote safety control cooperation，so APEC members can better benefit from the economic integration(經(jīng)濟(jì)一體化)． 【語篇解讀】　通過APEC論壇，各國之間將更加密切地合作，食品安全問題將得到更有效的監(jiān)管和處理，各成員國都會(huì)從中受益。 8．The last but one paragraph tells us that ________． A．the Chinese customers are more satisfied with their food safety B．food imported from other countries are indeed high in quality C．many Chinese customers would rather buy some foreign food D．there are only 35 countries and regions exporting food to China 答案　C　[細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第五段中的“the continuous food safety problems have greatly hurt consumers’ confidence in domestic products; therefore more turned to imports.However，problems related to quality of those imported goods also began to show”可知，連續(xù)的國內(nèi)食品安全問題傷害了消費(fèi)者的信心，他們更加愿意買進(jìn)口產(chǎn)品，但是進(jìn)口食品的質(zhì)量問題也開始顯現(xiàn)，即C項(xiàng)正確，A、B項(xiàng)錯(cuò)誤；文中第五段的最后一句表示來自35個(gè)國家和地區(qū)的超過400批次的進(jìn)口食品不達(dá)標(biāo)而非只有35個(gè)國家和地區(qū)向中國出口食品，故D項(xiàng)錯(cuò)誤。] 9．The underlined word “address” in the first paragraph can be replaced by “________”． A．send a letter about B．deal with C．deliver a speech on D．call off 答案　B　[詞義猜測題。根據(jù)全文大意可知，各國通過APEC論壇加強(qiáng)合作，積極尋求更好的方法來解決食品安全問題。由此可推知，B項(xiàng)“處理，解決”與address含義相近。] 10．According to the article，which of the following statements is wrong? A．People can buy foreign food more easily than ever. B．The more varieties of food，the bigger the potential food safety risk. C．Food safety problems have appeared many times before this forum. D．Governments have started their cooperation with academies and industries before this forum. 答案　D　[細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中的“and goods become more accessible across borders，concerns about food safety in the Asia－Pacific region have steadily risen over the years”可知，A、C項(xiàng)表述正確；根據(jù)第三段中的“As consumers are faced with more varieties of food，the potential food safety risk also becomes bigger”可知，B項(xiàng)表述正確；D項(xiàng)與第四段的第一句不符，故選D項(xiàng)。] Ⅱ.根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。 Writing Film Reviews Writing a film review needs your patience to watch a film with a critical (批評(píng)的) eye，recognize all the information about it and then write a detailed film review.__11__A good review is not just a summary of a movie，but a critical analysis that examines why and how a movie works and whether the film succeeds. When writing a film review，always consider who is the intended audience for the film and the audience you are writing for.__12__What’s more，it should show clearly that you not only viewed the movie，but also read the novel. You should focus your review around a larger argument，such as why the film works or fails to work and what are both the successful and unsuccessful elements.__13__A good film review uses scenes and dialogue from the film to support its larger argument.Moreover，a good review focuses on whether and how a movie works and whether the reviewer recommends it. __14__Writing a review requires attention on the process of creating a well－structured paper.If you want your film review to be well written，you should follow these simple steps：__15__Always include information on the director，main characters，the historical period used in this film，editing and camera work.The last step is just to write your film review according to some basic writing skills of film reviews. Writing a film review may take much time and effort for you as a student，but is easy for our experienced writers and researchers. A．Watch a film with a critical eye. B．Your writing is intended to be persuasive. C．It is absolutely not an easy job. D．Discuss some specific elements in the review. E．Watching a film is more pleasant than writing a review. F．Ask them to help you with the film review. G．Make sure that you have a thesis and supporting arguments. 【語篇解讀】　本文主要說明怎樣寫出一篇好的影評(píng)。 11．C　[空格前面的“needs your patience to”和后面的“A good review is not just a summary of a movie，but a critical analysis that examines...”這些都表明了寫影評(píng)是一件不容易的工作，與C項(xiàng)意思是呼應(yīng)的。] 12．B　[根據(jù)空格前面的“When writing a film review，always consider who is the intended audience for the film and the audience you are writing for”中的“writing for”可知，你寫的影評(píng)要知道是寫給誰的，因此與B項(xiàng)中的persuasive是互相聯(lián)系的。] 13．G　[根據(jù)本段的第一句話“You should focus your review around a larger argument”中的“a larger argument”和空格后面的“A good film review uses scenes and dialogue from the film to support its larger argument”中的“argument”，與G項(xiàng)中的“supporting arguments”是一致的。] 14．E　[根據(jù)空格后面的“Writing a review requires attention on the process of creating a well－structured paper”中的“requires attention”可知，寫影評(píng)不是一件容易的事情，沒有看電影那么輕松愉快，與E項(xiàng)的意思是相呼應(yīng)的。] 15．A　[根據(jù)第一段中的“writing a film review...a detailed”可知，影評(píng)寫作應(yīng)包括watch a film，recognize all the information和write a detailed film review三個(gè)階段；第15空前的“these simple steps”應(yīng)與首段照應(yīng)，后兩個(gè)階段空格后已有介紹，故此處為第一階段，答案為A項(xiàng)。]