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走向高考英語,第一部分,微專題強化練,五閱讀理解,第一部分,2推理判斷題,考向分析,考題引路,強化訓練,2,3,1,Passage1(2015課標全國ⅡA)Mycolortelevisionhasgivenmenothingbutaheadache.IwasabletobuyitalittleoverayearagobecauseIhadmyrelativesgivememoneyformybirthdayinsteadofalotofclothesthatwouldntfit.Iletasalesclerkfoolmeintobuyingadiscontinuedmodel.Irealizedthisadaylater，whenIsawnewspaperadvertisementsforthesetatseventyfivedollarslessthanIhadpaid.ThesetworkedsobeautifullywhenIfirstgotithomethatIwouldkeepitonuntilstationssigned_offforthenight.Fortunately，IdidntgetanychannelsshowingallnightmoviesorIwouldneverhavegottentobed.,ThenIstarteddevelopingaproblemwiththesetthatinvolvedstatic(靜電)noise.Forsomereason，whencertainshowsswitchedintoacommercial，aloudnoisewouldsoundforafewseconds.Gradually，thisnoisebegantoappearduringashow，andtogetridofit，Ihadtochangetoanotherchannelandthenchangeitback.Sometimesthistechniquewouldnotwork，andIhadtopickupthesetandshakeittoremovethesound.Iactuallybegantobuildupmyarmmuscles(肌肉)shakingmyset.,Whenneitherofthesemethodsremovedthestaticnoise，Iwouldsithelplesslyandwaitforthenoisetogoaway.AtlastIendeduphittingthesetwithmyfist，anditstoppedworkingaltogether.Mytriptotherepairshopcostme$62，andthesetisworkingwellnow，butIkeepexpectingmoretrouble.立意與點撥：本文講述了“我”在購買彩電時受售貨員的誤導，買了一臺自認為便宜的彩電，結果不久，故障頻發(fā)，在采用包括抱起電視晃動在內的方式解決無果后，最后不得不求助維修店。本文是記敘文，閱讀此類文章的關鍵是抓住記敘文的主要要素，理清事件發(fā)展的情節(jié)以及人物思想情感的變化。,理結構：Buyingacolortelevision→Realizinghewasfooled(happy&unhappy)→DescribingthegoodconditionoftheTVset→Describingtheproblemarising&thefunnysolutions(hopeless&humorous)→Turningtotherepairmanforhelp(satisfied&humorous),1．WhydidtheauthorsayhewasfooledintobuyingtheTVset?A．Hegotanoldermodelthanhehadexpected.B．Hecouldntreturnitwhenitwasbroken.C．Hecouldhaveboughtitatalowerprice.D．Hefailedtofindanymovieshowsonit.答案：C細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段第四句．..whenIsawnewspaperadvertisementsforthesetatseventyfivedollarslessthanIhadpaid.可知，當看到報紙廣告上這款電視機的價格更低的時候，“我”感覺上當了。故選C項。,2．Whichofthefollowingcanbestreplacethephrase“signedoff”inParagraph1?A．endedalltheirprogramsB．providedfewerchannelsC．changedtocommercialsD．showedallnightmovies答案：A詞義猜測題。此處描述的是彩電剛買回來時，性能非常好以至于晚上常常到電視臺停止播放節(jié)目，“我”才關上電視。由此可以看出，畫線短語意為“停止廣播”。下一句Fortunately，IdidntgetanychannelsshowingallnightmoviesorIwouldneverhavegottentobed.也對此做了解釋，故選A項。,3．HowdidtheauthorfinallygethisTVsetworkingagain?A．Byshakingandhittingit.B．Byturningitonandoff.C．Byswitchingchannels.D．Byhavingitrepaired.答案：D細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章最后一段最后一句Mytriptotherepairshopcostme$62，andthesetisworkingwellnow...可知，“我”花費62美元才修好電視，故選D項。A項是在“我”去維修店之前所采用的辦法，而且并沒有讓電視機恢復工作，故為干擾項。,4．Howdoestheauthorsoundwhentellingthestory?A．Curious.B．Anxious.C．Cautious.D．Humorous.答案：D推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段中最后一句Fortunately，IdidntgetanychannelsshowingallnightmoviesorIwouldneverhavegottentobed.以及倒數(shù)第二段最后一句Iactuallybegantobuildupmyarmmuscles(肌肉)shakingmyset.和最后一段最后一句．..butIkeepexpectingmoretrouble.可知，作者語調幽默，故選D項。,Passage2(2014課標全國ⅠC)Atypicalliontamer(馴獸師)inpeoplesmindisanentertainerholdingawhip(鞭)andachair.Thewhipgetsalloftheattention,butitsmostlyforshow.Inreality,itsthechairthatdoestheimportantwork.Whenaliontamerholdsachairinfrontofthelionsface,theliontriestofocusonallfourlegsofthechairatthesametime.Withitsfocusdivided,thelionbecomesconfusedandisunsureaboutwhattodonext.Whenfacedwithsomanyoptions,thelionchoosestofreezeandwaitinsteadofattackingthemanholdingthechair.,Howoftendoyoufindyourselfinthesamepositionasthelion?Howoftendoyouhavesomethingyouwanttoachieve(e.g.loseweight,startabusiness,travelmore)—onlytoendupconfusedbyalloftheoptionsinfrontofyouandnevermakeprogress?Thisupsetsmetonoendbecausewhilealltheexpertsarebusydebatingaboutwhichoptionisbest，thepeoplewhowanttoimprovetheirlivesareleftconfusedbyalloftheconflictinginformation.Theendresultisthatwefeellikewecantfocusorthatwerefocusedonthewrongthings,andsowetakelessaction,makelessprogress,andstaythesamewhenwecouldbeimproving.,Itdoesnthavetobethatway.Anytimeyoufindtheworldwavingachairinyourface,rememberthis:Allyouneedtodoisfocusononething.Youjustneedtogetstarted.Startingbeforeyoufeelreadyisoneofthehabitsofsuccessfulpeople.Ifyouhavesomewhereyouwanttogo,somethingyouwanttoaccomplish,someoneyouwanttobecome...takeimmediateaction.Ifyoureclearaboutwhereyouwanttogo,therestoftheworldwilleitherhelpyougetthereorgetoutoftheway.,立意與點撥：本文是一篇議論文，作者通過討論馴獸師在訓練獅子時的技巧以及獅子面臨的疑惑入手，談論人們面臨該種境況時應該怎么做。首段介紹馴獸師在訓練獅子時的關鍵是使用椅子來分散它的注意力。此處可推斷出馴獸師使用椅子的意圖，也能推測出作者的寫作意圖。第二段介紹人們在生活中也會面臨相似的情況，作者通過兩個問句引發(fā)讀者的思考，并正式切入主題：人們在日常生活中面臨各種選擇時也會感到迷惑，不知如何選擇。第三段為下文的銜接過渡，講述了作者對專家的專注點和人們通常采取的措施的想法。,由本段第一句中的關鍵詞confused，conflictinginformation等可猜測出作者對這些專家持“懷疑”的態(tài)度，由此能得出第3題的答案。尾段給出結論：作者建議人們面臨多種選擇時要快速作出決定，集中到一點上，并且快速采取行動。本部分是議論文的結論，也是第4題的答案所在。,1．Whydoestheliontameruseachair?A．Totrickthelion.B．Toshowoffhisskills.C．Togetreadyforafight.D．Toentertaintheaudience.答案：A推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第一段最后一句“Whenfacedwithsomanyoptions,thelionchoosestofreezeandwaitinsteadofattackingthemanholdingthechair.”可知，把椅子放在獅子面前的時候，它分散了獅子的注意力，結果使獅子不再攻擊它面前的人了。因此可知，馴獸師用椅子的目的是迷惑獅子。,2．Inwhatsensearepeoplesimilartoalionfacingachair?A．Theyfeelpuzzledoverchoices.B．Theyholdontothewrongthings.C．Theyfindithardtomakechanges.D．Theyhavetodosomethingforshow.答案：A細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段的內容可知，與獅子面臨相似境況的人們即面對多種選擇的時候，他們常常會感到迷茫和困惑。,3．WhatistheauthorsattitudetowardstheexpertsmentionedinParagraph3?A．Tolerant.B．Doubtful.C．Respectful.D．Supportive.答案：B推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第三段中的“Thisupsetsmetonoendbecausewhilealltheexpertsarebusydebatingaboutwhichoptionisbest...”可知，作者對專家是持懷疑態(tài)度的。,4．Whentheworldis“wavingachairinyourface”，youreadvisedto______.A．waitforabetterchanceB．breakyouroldhabitsC．makeaquickdecisionD．a(chǎn)skforclearguidance答案：C推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中的“Allyouneedtodoisfocusononething.Youjustneedtogetstarted....takeimmediateaction.”可知，當我們面對多種選擇的時候，我們要做的即作者建議我們去做的就是立即采取行動。,沒有根據(jù)文章中的有效信息進行合理推斷Itwasthefirstsnowofwinter—anexcitingdayforeverychildbutnotformostteachers.Upuntilnow,Ihadbeenabletodressmyselfforrecess(課間休息),buttodayIwouldneedsomehelp.Imanagedtogetintomywoolsnowpants.ButIstraggledwithmyjacketbecauseitdidntfitwell.Itwasahandmedownfrommybrother,anditmademewonderwhyIhadtowearhisuglyclothes.Atleastmyhatandmatchingscarfweremine,andtheywerequitepretty.FinallyitwastimetohaveMissFinlaysonhelpmewithmyboots.Inhercalm,motherlyvoiceshesaid,“Bytheendofwinter,youwillbeabletoputonyourownboots.”Ididntrealizeatthetimethatthiswasmoreastatementofhopethanofconfidence.,Ihandedhermybootsandstuckoutmyfoot.Likemostchildren,Iexpectedtheadulttodoallthework.Aftermuchwigglingandpushing,shemanagedtogetthefirstoneintoplaceandthen,withasigh,workedthesecondoneontoo.Iannounced，“Theyreonthewrongfeet.”Withthegracethatonlyexperiencecanbring，shestruggledtogetthebootsoffandwentthroughthejoylesstaskofputtingthemonagain.ThenIsaid，“Thesearentmyboots.youknow.”Asshepulledtheoffendingbootsfrommyfeet，shestillmanagedtolookbothhelpfulandinterested.Oncetheywereoff.Isaid，“Theyaremybrothersboots.Mymothermakesmewearthem，andIhatethem！”,Somehow，fromlongyearsofpractice，shemanagedtoactasthoughIwasntanannoyinglittlegirl.Shepushedandshovedlessgentlythistime，andthebootswerereturnedtotheirproperplaceonmyfeet.Withagreatsighofrelief，seeingtheendofherstrugglewithme，sheasked，“Now，whereareyourgloves？”Ilookedintohereyesandsaid.“Ididntwanttolosethem.soIputthemintothetoesofmyboots.”,Q．Whatmadeitsohardfortheteachertohelpthelittlegirlputherbootson?A．Theglovesinthetoesoftheboots.B．Theslownessoftheteacher.C．Thewrongsizeoftheboots.D．Theunwillingnessofthegirl.易錯警示：考生容易誤選D項，認為作者不愿意穿她哥哥的靴子而導致老師幫她穿靴子很難，這是一種主觀臆斷。因為盡管作者不愿意穿她哥哥留給她的靴子，但是老師在給她穿的時候，她并沒有反抗，所以這不是穿靴子困難的原因，其原因是作者把手套放在靴子里面了。,答案：A做推理判斷題應該注意以下幾點：(1)要判斷有據(jù)，推論有理，忠于原文。切忌主觀臆斷。(2)要全面分析所有相關信息，切忌片面思考，得出片面結論。(3)要善于揣摩作者的寫作思路，盡可能與作者的思路吻合。(4)不可直接選取文中的原句。,