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副詞,1.副詞概述,2.比較級(jí)和最高級(jí)的用法,3常用副詞辨析,,副詞是用來修飾動(dòng)詞、形容詞、副詞或整個(gè)句子的一類詞。同形容詞一樣，也有比較等級(jí)的變化。,一.副詞的分類,時(shí)間副詞地點(diǎn)副詞方式副詞頻度副詞程度副詞疑問副詞關(guān)系副詞連接副詞,e.g.I’llgotheretomorrow．Tomorrowisanotherday.omorrow,1.時(shí)間副詞now,yesterday,today,tomorrow,before,ago,soon,immediately,lately等。,e.g.Irememberhavingseenhimsomewhere.Wehadameetinghereyesterday.,2.地點(diǎn)副詞here,there,upstairs,downstairs,home,somewhere,in,out,off,outside,inside等,e.g.Shedancedbeautifully.TheyspeakEnglishwell.Hebehavedbadly.,3.方式副詞slowly,well,badly,fast,hard,carefully,happily,quietly,heavily,warmly,correctly,politely,angrily等。,4.頻度副詞,e.g.Shesometimescomeslate.Hehasneverbeenlate.,always,usually,often,sometimes,seldom,never等。,5.程度副詞,e.g.Hedrivesverycarefully.Tinaisquitepretty.,very,quite,too,much,so等。,e.g.Whereareyougoing?Wherewereyouborn?,when,where,why,how等.,6.疑問副詞,7.關(guān)系副詞when,where,why,e.g.ThisistheplacewhereIfirstmether.,e.g.Doyourememberhowhecame?,8.連接副詞when,where,why,how,狀語,二.副詞的句法功用,定語,表語,賓語補(bǔ)足語,e.g.Hereadveryfast.Luckily,JohnwasinwhenIcalled.,1.作狀語在句子當(dāng)中修飾動(dòng)詞，形容詞，副詞或句子。,e.g.Thespeakernowisabeautifulgirl.Thechairhereisveryhelpful.,2.作定語,少數(shù)的時(shí)間副詞和地點(diǎn)副詞在句子當(dāng)中修飾名詞和代詞作定語。,e.g.Heisnotin.Imustbeoffnow.,3.作表語,副詞跟在系動(dòng)詞后面作表語。,e.g.Isawyououtwithmysisterlastsaturday.Isawhimoffwithmyfriendtwodaysago.,4.作賓補(bǔ),補(bǔ)充說明賓語的動(dòng)作,行為,性質(zhì)，狀態(tài)等。,副詞在句中的位置多變，可以放在句首、句中或句尾。而且，不同類別的副詞的位置也不同，需要根據(jù)具體情況具體分析。,副詞的位置,⑵副詞修飾形容詞或副詞時(shí)，一般前置。e.g.Thestudentsworkveryhard.Theroomisbigenoughtolivein.,在修飾形容詞或副詞時(shí)，enough作為副詞常放在修飾詞之后。但作為形容詞修飾名詞時(shí)，常放在名詞前。eg：Idonthaveenoughmoneytobuythishouse.,,注意,⑶時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)副詞放在句末或句首。eg：Theygotherejustnow.TomorrowI’mgoingtoattendameeting.,⑷頻度副詞一般放在行為動(dòng)詞之前，系動(dòng)詞和情態(tài)動(dòng)詞和第一個(gè)助動(dòng)詞之后。eg:We’reneverlate.Heoftencomeslate.Therewashardlyacloudinthesky.,⑸方式副詞通常放在不及物動(dòng)詞之后，及物動(dòng)詞之前或賓語后，如果賓語過長，也可把副詞放在動(dòng)詞與賓語之間。eg：Heworkshard.Hequietlylefttheroom.HespeaksEnglishverywell.Mr.Wangwrotecarefullysomeletterstohisfriends.,副詞比較等級(jí)的構(gòu)成,規(guī)則變化,,不規(guī)則變化,副詞比較等級(jí)的用法,1.原級(jí)的用法(1)A+行為動(dòng)詞+as+副詞原級(jí)+as+B表示“A和B一樣”e.g.HespeaksEnglishaswellasaforeigner.Icanrunasfastashecan.,(2)A+行為動(dòng)詞+not+as/so+副詞原級(jí)+asB….表示“A不如B”e.g.Hedoesn’tdrawaswellastheteacher.,2.比較級(jí)的用法,A+行為動(dòng)詞+副詞比較級(jí)+than+Be.g.Maryrunsfasterthanme.Hegotupearliertodaythanyesterday.,3.最高級(jí)的用法A+行為動(dòng)詞+(the)副詞最高級(jí)+in/of…..,e.g.Johnrunsfastestinourteam.Ofallthestudentsinourclass,shewritesmostbeautifully.,要點(diǎn)一：常見副詞的用法及辨析,Point1：very與much表示“很，非?！眅g：Itsverynice.HespeaksEnglishverywell.Shesaidshewasmuchbetterthanbefore.IlikeEnglishverymuch.IlikeEnglishmuch.very用于修飾形容詞或副詞的原級(jí)；much修飾形容詞或副詞的比較級(jí)，修飾動(dòng)詞用much或verymuch。,Point2：hard和hardlyeg：Hestudieshard.Stoneisveryhard.Hehardlystudies.hard作為副詞，意為“猛烈地，辛苦地，努力地”；用作形容詞，意為“困難的，堅(jiān)硬的”；hardly表否定，意為“幾乎不”。,Point3：too,also,either表示“也（不）”eg：Imfine,too.Chinesetake-awayfoodisalsopopular.Wealsohaveelevenplayersinateam.Wedontlikethesamecolour,either.too和also用于肯定句中，too常用語口語中，置于句末；also常用語書面語中，置于be動(dòng)詞之后，行為動(dòng)詞之前；either用于否定句句尾。頻度副詞Youareneverintheschool.Sheoftengetsupat9o’clock.,Point4：toomuch和muchtoo?toomuch意為“太多，非?！?，相當(dāng)于形容詞,常用來修飾不可數(shù)名詞，也可單獨(dú)使用。eg：Thereistoomuchiceontheroad,andyoumustbecareful.?相當(dāng)于名詞eg：Toomuchwashappeningallatonce．?用作副詞eg：Donteattoomuch.,toomuch和muchtoomuchtoo修飾形容詞和副詞的原級(jí)，意為“非常，及其”。eg：Itismuchtoohottoday.Youaredrivingmuchtoofast．,Exercise1.Idontthinkthisshirtfitsher.Its____smallforher.A.muchtoo非常，太B.verymuchC.toomuch太多D.somuch2.Heeats___food,soheis____fat.A.muchtoo;toomuchB.muchtoo;toomanyC.toomuch;muchtooD.toomuch;manytoo,Point5：sometime,sometime,sometimes,sometimes頻率副詞有時(shí)候eg：Newstudentswillcometoourschoolsometimenextweek.Ittookmesometimetofinishreadingthebook.sometime表示將來或過去的“某個(gè)時(shí)候”；sometime則指“一段時(shí)間”。,Point5：sometime,sometime,sometimes,sometimes,eg:Sometimes,Iknowwhatshesthinking.IhavebeentotheGreatWallsometimes.sometimes指“有時(shí)候”；sometimes表示“倍數(shù)，次數(shù)”。,巧學(xué)妙記：sometimesometime分開“一段時(shí)間”,相聚“某個(gè)時(shí)候”；S連住是“有時(shí)”,分開“幾次”、“幾倍”行sometimessometime,Point6：howlong,howsoon,howoften,howfar1.—Howlonghaveyoulivedhere?—Fortenyears.Since1991.howlong意為“多長時(shí)間”，就“for+時(shí)間段”或“since+時(shí)間點(diǎn)”提問，對(duì)howlong引起的問句也要用for或since引起的時(shí)間來回答。,2.—Howsooncanyoufinishthework?—Intwodays.howsoon意為“多久之后”，就“in”引起的將來的時(shí)間提問，對(duì)howsoon問句也要用“in”引起的表示將來的時(shí)間回答，howsoon問句是將來時(shí)態(tài)。,3.—Howoftendoyouwatertheflowers?—Onceaday.howoften意為“多長時(shí)間一次”，就頻率提問，常用once/twice/threetimesaweek或everyfivedays等短語回答。4.—Howfaristhat?—Abouttenkilometres.howfar意為“多遠(yuǎn)”，就距離提問。,Exercisesometime,sometimes,sometimes,sometime某個(gè)時(shí)候有時(shí)次數(shù)一段時(shí)間1.—Howoftendoyouwritetoyourfather？—_sometimes__．2.—Whencanyoufinishthework？—__sometime____nextmonth．3.—HowmanytimesdoyouwatchTVeveryweek？—____sometimes__.4.—HowlongcanIbeaway？—__sometime____.,