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Section Ⅱ Warming Up & Reading—Language Points,1impression n．印象；感想；印記 (教材原句)FIRST IMPRESSIONS 第一印象,歸納拓展 make/leave/give a/an.impression on sb. 給某人留下……的印象；給人以……的印象 have/get an/a.impression of sb./sth. 對(duì)……有……的印象 be under the impression that. 認(rèn)為；覺(jué)得……,①The beautiful and clean city has left/made an impression on foreign visitors. 這個(gè)漂亮干凈的城市給外國(guó)旅游者留下了深刻的印象。 ②I had an impression that most of NBA players are talking like a RAP musician. 我的印象是大多數(shù)的NBA球員說(shuō)話都像饒舌樂(lè)歌手。,③I was under the mistaken impression that they were French. 我有個(gè)錯(cuò)誤的印象，以為他們是法國(guó)人。 【聯(lián)想】 impress vt.給某人留下印象 impressive adj.給某人深刻印象的；感人的,2take up 拿起；接受；開始；繼續(xù)；占據(jù)(時(shí)間、空間) (教材原句)I still cannot believe that I am taking up this prize that I won last year. 我仍然不相信我是在接受去年獲得的這個(gè)獎(jiǎng)項(xiàng)。,歸納拓展,歸納拓展 ①He took up the receiver and began to talk. 他拿起電話傳聲器便說(shuō)了起來(lái)。 ②If you are going to take up the violin，we’ll have to get you a music stand. 如果你要開始學(xué)小提琴，我們必須為你弄來(lái)一個(gè)樂(lè)譜架。,巧學(xué)活用 1－1補(bǔ)全句子 (1)我以為他是公司老板而向他求職。 I asked him for a job____________________________ he was the head of the firm. (2)她的演講給聽眾留下相當(dāng)好的印象。 Her speech____________________________ the audience.,under the impression that,made/left an impression on,1－2單項(xiàng)填空 That was first impression she______ us when she first gave us an English lesson. A．left for B．made to C．left on D．had on 解析：選C。句意：這是她在第一節(jié)英語(yǔ)課上給我們留下的印象。leave an impression on.是“給某人留下某種印象”之意；she left on us是省略了引導(dǎo)詞that的定語(yǔ)從句。,2－1 用與take有關(guān)的短語(yǔ)填空 (1)I will____________journalism after graduation. (2)He____________ the girl with his story. (3)The girl____________the message in shorthand. (4)He____________his father’s factory after he graduated. (5)The product suddenly____________in September.,take up,took in,took down,took over,took off,2－2 單項(xiàng)填空 They tried to persuade him to ______ the post but he declined. A．take off B．take in C．take up D．carry out,③Another advantage is that it’s slim，so it won’t take up too much space in your bag.它還有一個(gè)好處，就是很輕便，放在包里不會(huì)占據(jù)太多的空間。 ④I will not take up much of your time. 我不會(huì)占用你太多時(shí)間。,⑤I will take down my phone number before I leave. 我離開前會(huì)把電話號(hào)碼記下的。 ⑥Our club plans to take in 20 new members. 我們俱樂(lè)部計(jì)劃吸收20名新會(huì)員。,3previous adj.在前的；早先的 (教材原句)This is similar to the “jet lag” you get from flying，but it seems you keep getting flashbacks from your previous time period. 這就與你們乘坐飛機(jī)會(huì)產(chǎn)生時(shí)差反應(yīng)相似，所不同的是，在你們腦海里似乎會(huì)不斷閃現(xiàn)以前的時(shí)光。,previous to. 在……前；先于……(to為介詞) ①Previous to her departure she gave a big party. 在她臨走之前她舉行了一次大型宴會(huì)。 ②Previous to the conference we had discussed the matter. 在會(huì)議召開之前，我們討論了這個(gè)問(wèn)題。,③I cannot see you on Monday because I have a previous engagement. 星期一我不能見你，因?yàn)槲矣屑s在先了。 【點(diǎn)津提示】后面接介詞to的形容詞有：superior “高級(jí)的；級(jí)別較高的”， inferior “低級(jí)的；級(jí)別較低的”，super “高級(jí)的”，junior “低級(jí)的”等。,4surroundings n．周圍的事物；環(huán)境 (教材原句)At first my new surroundings were difficult to tolerate. 一開始，新的環(huán)境很難忍受。,①He is living in pleasant surroundings. 他生活在舒適的環(huán)境中。 ②If you litter，you are to spoil the union beauty of the surroundings. 假如你隨手亂扔廢物的話，就會(huì)破壞周圍環(huán)境的自然美。,[易混辨析] surroundings/environment,【聯(lián)想】 surround vt. 圍繞；環(huán)繞 surrounding adj. 周圍的；附近的,5 lack vt.& vi.缺乏；沒(méi)有 n. 缺乏；短缺的東西 (教材原句)Hit by a lack of fresh air，my head ached. 由于缺乏新鮮空氣，我感到頭痛。,歸納拓展 lack (for)sth. 缺少某物 be lacking in sth. 短缺某物 for/through/by(a)lack of. 因?yàn)槿鄙佟?解析：選C。句意：他們企圖說(shuō)服他擔(dān)任這個(gè)職位，但他謝絕了。take up是“接受，從事”之意，符合語(yǔ)境。take off意為“起飛；脫下”；take in意為“吸收；欺騙”；carry out意為“執(zhí)行”。,3－1 補(bǔ)全句子 (1)在去法國(guó)之前，他對(duì)這國(guó)家的基本情況進(jìn)行了詳細(xì)地研究。 ____________________________，he studied a lot about the country.,Previous to leaving for France,3－2 單項(xiàng)填空 The most appropriate time for our meeting is ________ this Friday. A．a(chǎn)head of B．previous of C．in advance of D．previous to 解析：選D。句意：我們的會(huì)議最合適的時(shí)間在這個(gè)星期五之前。previous to是“在……前”之意，符合語(yǔ)境；而ahead of相當(dāng)于in advance of表示“提前……”。,4－1 補(bǔ)全句子 (1)農(nóng)場(chǎng)和周圍地區(qū)遭洪水淹沒(méi)。 The farm and________________________ were flooded.,the surrounding area,4－2 單項(xiàng)填空 The children grew up in beautiful________but not in a happy home ________. A．surrounding；environment B．surroundings；environment C．environment；surroundings D．environment；surrounding,解析：選B。句意：孩子們?cè)诿利惖沫h(huán)境中長(zhǎng)大，但是卻缺少一個(gè)幸福的家庭環(huán)境。surroundings強(qiáng)調(diào)客觀的自然環(huán)境；而environment強(qiáng)調(diào)對(duì)一個(gè)人的道德及觀念產(chǎn)生影響的精神方面的環(huán)境。,名師微博 surrounding多用其復(fù)數(shù)形式surroundings表示“環(huán)境”。,5－1 同義句改寫 He lacked confidence. →He____________________confidence.,was lacking in,5－2 單項(xiàng)填空 (1)He had a lot of difficulty in finding a job ________ working experience. A．a(chǎn)s a result B．a(chǎn)s well as C．through lack of D．because,解析：選C。句意：由于缺乏工作經(jīng)驗(yàn)，他很難找到工作。through lack of是“因?yàn)槿狈Α敝猓险Z(yǔ)境；相當(dāng)于as a result of；as well as意為“和……；也……”；because后面接原因狀語(yǔ)從句。,①The plant died because it lacked water. 這株植物因?yàn)槿狈λ侄馈?②She lacked the experience to get the job. 他經(jīng)驗(yàn)不足，無(wú)法獲得這份工作。,③He missed another chance just because he was lacking in courage. 他就是因?yàn)槿狈τ職獠庞质チ艘淮螜C(jī)會(huì)。 ④The project has come to a stand for/through/by lack of funds. 計(jì)劃由于缺乏資金而停頓。,6adjustment n．調(diào)整；調(diào)節(jié) (教材原句)Just as I tried to make the necessary adjustment to this new situation，Wang Ping appeared. 正當(dāng)我努力調(diào)整自己適應(yīng)新環(huán)境時(shí)，王平出現(xiàn)了。,歸納拓展,①These animals made an adjustment to the new environment in a short time.這些動(dòng)物短時(shí)間內(nèi)就適應(yīng)了新環(huán)境。 ②For this reason，last year we made some adjustments to the policy. 為此,去年我們已對(duì)有關(guān)政策做了一些調(diào)整。 【聯(lián)想】 adjust vt.& vi.調(diào)整；調(diào)節(jié)；適應(yīng) adjust.to.調(diào)整……；適應(yīng)……,,7lose sight of 看不見 (教材原句)However，I lost sight of Wang Ping when we reached what looked like a large market because of too many carriages flying by in all directions. 但是，當(dāng)我們到達(dá)一個(gè)看上去像是大市場(chǎng)的地方時(shí)，王平不見了，因?yàn)楹芏鄽鈮|車都往四面八方飛去。,與sight有關(guān)的短語(yǔ) catch (have，gain，get) sight of 發(fā)現(xiàn)，看出 at first sight 乍看起來(lái) at the sight of 一看見就…… in sb.’s sight 在某人面前；照某人的眼光看來(lái),in (within) sight of 在看得見……的地方 in the sight of 由……看來(lái)， 從……觀點(diǎn)，從……角度來(lái)看 lose one’s sight 失明 out of sight 看不見,③I looked out of the window and caught sight of a quickly passing train.我從窗戶向外看去，看見了一列急馳而過(guò)的火車。 ④The plane was soon out of sight. 不久飛機(jī)就飛得看不見了。,,(2)Health problems are closely connected with bad eating habits and a ________of exercise. A．limit B．lack C．need D．demand 解析：選B。句意：健康問(wèn)題與不良的飲食習(xí)慣和缺乏鍛煉有密切的聯(lián)系。lack是“缺乏”之意，符合語(yǔ)境；limit意為“限制”；need意為“需要”；demand意為“要求”。,6－1 翻譯句子 We made a few minor adjustments to the plan. ______________________________________,我們對(duì)計(jì)劃做了一些小規(guī)模的調(diào)整。,6－2 單項(xiàng)填空 There are more adjustments to________ the plan to make it more practicable. A．take for B．take to C．make to D．make for,解析：選C。句意：對(duì)于該計(jì)劃還有待做出更多調(diào)整以使它更加實(shí)用。to make是動(dòng)詞不定式短語(yǔ)作后置定語(yǔ)修飾adjustments，make adjustments to是“對(duì)……做出調(diào)整”之意。,7－1 補(bǔ)全句子 (1)我不經(jīng)意看到了要藏在樹籬后面的男孩。 I______________________the boy who was trying to hide behind the hedge. (2)她淹沒(méi)在人群中，我們看不到她了。 She was swallowed up by the crowd and we____________________her.,caught sight of,lost sight of,7－2 單項(xiàng)填空 (1)I watched the bird fly higher and higher until I________ it. A．caught sight of B．lost sight of C．out of sight D．in sight of,解析：選B。句意：我望著鳥兒愈飛愈高，直到看不見為止。lose sight of是“看不見”之意，符合語(yǔ)境；catch sight of意為“看得見”；out of sight是介詞短語(yǔ)，“在視線之外；看不見”；in sight of是介詞短語(yǔ)，“在視線之內(nèi)；看得見”。,(2)At the railway station，the mother waved goodbye to her daughter until the train was ________. A．out of sight B．out of reach C．out of order D．out of place,解析：選A。句意：在火車站，那位母親揮手和女兒告別，一直到火車離開視線為止。out of sight是“離開視線，看不見”之意，符合語(yǔ)境；out of reach意為“夠不到”；out of order意為“混亂不堪地”；out of place意為“不在適當(dāng)?shù)奈恢茫徊磺‘?dāng)?shù)亍薄?名師微博 in sight of和out sight of是介詞短語(yǔ)，不能夠單獨(dú)作謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。 8sweep up 打掃；橫掃 (教材原句)He was swept up into the centre of them. 他被卷入到這群車隊(duì)中去了。,與sweep有關(guān)的短語(yǔ) sweep aside 放(堆)到一邊，不予理會(huì) sweep away 掃清，迅速消滅，肅清，沖走 sweep out 掃掉；清除 sweep over 風(fēng)靡，向……擴(kuò)展；襲擊， 將……一掃而光,歸納拓展 ①Let’s sweep up the dust from the bookshelves. 咱們把書架上的灰塵掃掉。 ②He was left to sweep up the bits of paper and broken glass. 他被留下來(lái)清掃那些紙屑和碎玻璃。 ③Cool breeze sweeps over our faces. 迎面吹來(lái)了涼爽的風(fēng)。,9switch n．開關(guān)；轉(zhuǎn)換 vt.轉(zhuǎn)換 (教材原句)Then Wang Ping flashed a switch on a computer screen，and a table and some chairs rose from under the floor as if by magic. 然后王平在電腦熒屏上閃了一下開關(guān)，于是一張桌子和幾把椅子就像變魔術(shù)一樣從地板下面升了起來(lái)。,turn on/off the switch 打開/關(guān)上開關(guān) switch from (to) 變換，轉(zhuǎn)移 switch off (on to) 切斷(接上)(電流) switch on (用開關(guān))打開(燈、無(wú)線電等) switch over (from one to another) (從某方面)轉(zhuǎn)變(到另一方面) switch to 轉(zhuǎn)(換)到,歸納拓展 ①The switch on the wall is beyond the baby’s reach. 嬰兒摸不到墻上的開關(guān)。 ②Turn off the switch when anything goes wrong with the machine. 當(dāng)機(jī)器出現(xiàn)任何問(wèn)題，就關(guān)掉電閘。,③When you put the light on in the bathroom，the fan switches on automatically. 當(dāng)你打開浴室燈時(shí)，排風(fēng)扇會(huì)自動(dòng)開啟。 ④Please ensure that all the lights are switched off at night. 夜間請(qǐng)務(wù)必將所有的燈關(guān)掉。 ⑤The hotel has switched over to gas for heating. 飯店已改為用煤氣供熱了。,,8－1 用與sweep有關(guān)的短語(yǔ)填空 (1)The flood________________many homes. (2)When Winston broke a glass，he got a broom and _____________ the pieces. (3)All desks and chairs____________________，and then they began to dance.,swept away,swept up,were swept aside,8－2 單項(xiàng)填空 By the time the teacher arrived，they already________the broken glass. A．had swept up B．had used up C．swept up D．has used up,解析：選A。句意：老師來(lái)時(shí)，他們已把打碎的玻璃清掃過(guò)了。sweep up是“打掃完”之意，由by the time.可知，此處用過(guò)去完成時(shí)。use up意為“用光”。,9－1 補(bǔ)全句子 (1)他們還沒(méi)來(lái)得及關(guān)閉開關(guān)，事故就發(fā)生了。 The accident had happened before they ________________________. (2)他一進(jìn)門就把電視機(jī)打開了。 He_____________________when he came in.,turned off the switch,switched on the TV,9－2 單項(xiàng)填空 Don’t hang up，please.I’ll ________you to my boss. A．hold B．support C．deliver D．switch,解析：選D。句意：別掛斷電話，我這就給你轉(zhuǎn)接到我的上司那邊去。switch.to.是“把……轉(zhuǎn)換到……”之意，符合語(yǔ)境。,10slide into (快捷而悄聲地)移動(dòng)；溜進(jìn) (教材原句)Exhausted，I slid into bed and fell asleep. 我感到筋疲力盡，溜到床上就睡了。,13slide into (快捷而悄聲地)移動(dòng)；溜進(jìn) (教材原句)Exhausted，I slid into bed and fell asleep. 我感到筋疲力盡，溜到床上就睡了。,①He has slid into bad habits.他已經(jīng)染上惡習(xí)。 ②As I slid into the back seat，my uncle attempted to start the car. 我的屁股剛剛落在后座，叔叔就開始發(fā)動(dòng)汽車。 ③I caught a stranger sliding into the manager’s office. 我無(wú)意中發(fā)現(xiàn)一個(gè)陌生人溜進(jìn)了經(jīng)理辦公室.,11optimistic adj.樂(lè)觀(主義)的 (教材原句)Have a class discussion and decide whether you think the writer has an optimistic or a pessimistic view of the future. 進(jìn)行班級(jí)討論并確定你認(rèn)為作者對(duì)未來(lái)的看法是樂(lè)觀的還是悲觀的。 be optimistic about. 對(duì)……樂(lè)觀,歸納拓展 ①He was optimistic about the future of mankind. 他對(duì)人類前途持樂(lè)觀態(tài)度。 ②Nancy is not optimistic about her score of the test. 南希覺(jué)得她的考試成績(jī)不容樂(lè)觀。,【聯(lián)想】 optimism (n.)樂(lè)觀主義 optimist (n.) 樂(lè)觀主義者 pessimistic (adj.)悲觀主義的 pessimism (n.) 悲觀主義 pessimist (n.) 悲觀主義者,,,,14optimistic adj.樂(lè)觀(主義)的 (教材原句)Have a class discussion and decide whether you think the writer has an optimistic or a pessimistic view of the future. 進(jìn)行班級(jí)討論并確定你認(rèn)為作者對(duì)未來(lái)的看法是樂(lè)觀的還是悲觀的。 歸納拓展 be optimistic about.對(duì)……樂(lè)觀,①He was optimistic about the future of mankind. 他對(duì)人類前途持樂(lè)觀態(tài)度。 ②Nancy is not optimistic about her score of the test. 南希覺(jué)得她的考試成績(jī)不容樂(lè)觀。 ③(2010·高考安徽卷)Lighthearted and optimistic,she is the sort of woman to spread sunshine to people through her smile. 豁達(dá)而樂(lè)觀使她成為了能用自己的微笑把陽(yáng)光傳遞給他人的那種女人。,【聯(lián)想】 optimism n．樂(lè)觀主義 optimist n. 樂(lè)觀主義者 pessimistic adj.悲觀主義的 pessimism n．悲觀主義 pessimist n．悲觀主義者,,10－1 翻譯句子 The boy slid into the bad habit of smoking. ______________________________________,這男孩不知不覺(jué)地沾染上抽煙的壞習(xí)慣。,10－2 單項(xiàng)填空 She is able to________ a room without being noticed by the teacher when she is late for class. A．dash into B．slide into C．squeeze into D．step in,解析：選B。句意：當(dāng)她上課遲到時(shí)，她有本事悄悄溜進(jìn)教室而不被老師發(fā)現(xiàn)。slide into是“悄悄溜進(jìn)”之意，與后文的without being noticed by.相吻合；dash into意為“沖進(jìn)”；squeeze into意為“擠進(jìn)”；step in意為“走進(jìn)”。,名師微博 slide into后面接habit等詞時(shí)，表示“不知不覺(jué)地染上……習(xí)慣”。 11－1 翻譯句子 他對(duì)這場(chǎng)比賽的結(jié)果非常樂(lè)觀。 ____________________________________________________________________________,He is very optimistic about the result of the match.,11－2 單項(xiàng)填空 My husband was depressed too，but still cautiously________about the future. A．disappointed B．delighted C．optimistic D．pessimistic,解析：選C。句意：我丈夫也很沮喪，但對(duì)未來(lái)還保持謹(jǐn)慎的樂(lè)觀。optimistic是“樂(lè)觀的”之意，與前文的depressed形成反義復(fù)現(xiàn)；disappointed意為“失望的”；delighted意為“高興的”；pessimistic意為“悲觀的”。,(教材原句) At first my new surroundings were difficult to tolerate. 一開始，我很難適應(yīng)新的環(huán)境。,[句法分析] 句中含有be ＋adj. ＋to do的句式，在這一句式中，主語(yǔ)與不定式的之間在邏輯上存在著被動(dòng)關(guān)系，但在形式上用動(dòng)詞不定式的主動(dòng)形式表示被動(dòng)意義。常用于這種結(jié)構(gòu)中的形容詞有：easy，hard，difficult，interesting，heavy，pleasant，comfortable，dangerous等。,①The old lady is interesting to talk to. 和這個(gè)老太太談話很有趣。 ②The problem was difficult to solve just in a week. 這個(gè)問(wèn)題僅僅在一周內(nèi)很難解決。,巧學(xué)活用,單項(xiàng)填空 In many people’s opinion，that company，though relatively small，is pleasant________. A．to deal with B．dealing with C．to be dealt with D．dealt with,解析：選A。句意：在很多人眼里，那家公司，盡管相對(duì)來(lái)說(shuō)比較小，但是合作起來(lái)很令人愉快。deal with與company之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，但是受pleasant的影響，用主動(dòng)形式表示被動(dòng)意義。,同學(xué)們,來(lái)學(xué)校和回家的路上要注意安全,同學(xué)們,來(lái)學(xué)校和回家的路上要注意安全,