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Section Ⅱ Warming Up & Reading—Language Points,1aid n．&vt.幫助；援助；資助 (教材原句)First aid is a temporary form of help given to someone who suddenly falls ill or gets injured before a doctor can be found. 急救就是在找到醫(yī)生前對突然生病或受傷的人提供的一種臨時的救助。,歸納拓展 by /with the aid of 借助于，通過……的幫助 first aid 急救 in aid of.作為……的幫助 aid sb.in/with sth.幫助某人某物 aid sb.to do 幫助某人干某事,①He walks with the aid of a heavy stick. 他靠著一根笨重的手杖走路。 ②If everyone in the country knew first aid，many lives would be saved. 要是每個國民都懂得急救，許多人的生命就可以得救了。,③We are organizing a concert in aid of handicapped people. 我們正在準(zhǔn)備一場為殘疾人籌款的音樂會。 ④He aided me in business /with money. 他在事業(yè)上/金錢方面幫助我。 ⑤He aided me to finish the work. 他幫助我完成這份工作。,2fall ill 生病 (教材原句)First aid is a temporary form of help given to someone who suddenly falls ill or gets injured before a doctor can be found. 急救就是在找到醫(yī)生前對突然生病或受傷的人提供的一種臨時的救助。,①He overworked too much that he fell ill in bed. 他太過勞累以至生病而臥床。 ②She fell ill yesterday and has been ill for a day. 她昨天生病了，已經(jīng)病一天了。 【點津提示】fall ill強調(diào)動作，為非延續(xù)性動詞短語，若是表示持續(xù)的生病的狀態(tài)時，用be ill。,歸納拓展,3poison n．毒藥；毒害 vt.毒害；使中毒 (教材原句)You have three layers of skin which act as a barrier against disease，poisons and the sun’s harmful rays. 皮膚有三層，像是三層屏障，可以防病、防毒、抵御有害太陽光線的侵害。,①The food was analyzed and found to contain small amounts of poison. 對這種食物進(jìn)行了分析，發(fā)現(xiàn)其中含有少量毒物。 ②His dog has been poisoned to death.他的狗已中毒而死。 ③The farmer was already poisoned and was dying. 農(nóng)民已經(jīng)中毒并且奄奄一息。,【聯(lián)想】 poisonous adj.有毒的,,巧學(xué)活用 1－1 補全句子 (1)他們?yōu)榱税┌Y研究募集資金。 They collected money __________cancer research. (2)只有借助顯微鏡細(xì)菌才能看得見。 Germs can only be seen ________________a microscope.,in aid of,with the aid of,1－2 單項填空 With the________of Mr.Liu，I made great progress in speaking English. A．a(chǎn)id B．a(chǎn)ssistance C．rescue D．insistence,解析：選A。句意：在劉老師的幫助下，我在英語口語方面取得了很大的進(jìn)步。aid是“幫助，援助”之意，with the aid of.是“在……的幫助下”，符合語境。assistance意為“協(xié)助，輔助”；rescue意為“救助”；insistence意為“堅持，強調(diào)”。,2－1 翻譯句子 老年人很容易在冬天生病。 ______________________________________ 2－2 單項填空 Living in a polluted environment，people may________easily. A．felt bad B．felt ill C．fall ill D．get on,It is easy for the old to fall ill in winter.,解析：選C。句意：如果生活在受污染的環(huán)境中，人們很容易生病。fall ill是“生病”之意，強調(diào)瞬間的短暫性的動作，符合語境。feel bad意為“感覺難受，感到不舒服”；feel ill意為“感覺病了”；get on意為“進(jìn)展，相處”。,3－1 翻譯句子 The waste and poison may do great harm to the things around us. ________________________________________________________________________,這些廢棄物和毒物會大大損害我們周圍的東西。,3－2 單項填空 When the boy was nine years old，his father________ by enemies. A．was poisoning B．was poisoned C．was to poison D．was being poisoned 解析：選B。句意：在他九歲時，父親被敵人毒害。poison是及物動詞，表示“毒害”之意，故此處用一般過去時的被動語態(tài)was poisoned的形式。,4squeeze vt.&vi.榨；擠；壓榨 (教材原句)For second degree burns，keep cloths cool by putting them back in a basin of cold water，squeezing them out and placing them on the burned area over and over again for about an hour until the pain is not so bad.,對于二度燒傷，要保持濕布清涼，需把濕布放回一盆冷水中，擰出水后，再放在燒傷面上，這樣反反復(fù)復(fù)地做一個小時左右，直到不太痛為止。,歸納拓展,①She had a hard time squeezing out. 她好不容易擠了出來。 ②She asked if she could squeeze in as the door of the lift was closing. 電梯門就要關(guān)上時,她問她是否可以擠進(jìn)去。 ③He squeezed six big bags into the boot of my car. 他把六個大提包硬塞進(jìn)了我車子的行李箱。,5over and over again 反復(fù)；多次 (教材原句) For second degree burns，keep cloths cool by putting them back in a basin of cold water，squeezing them out and placing them on the burned area over and over again for about an hour until the pain is not so bad. 對于二度燒傷，要保持濕布清涼，需把濕布放回一盆冷水中，擰出水后，再放在燒傷面上，這樣反反復(fù)復(fù)地做一個小時左右，直到不太痛為止。,歸納拓展 time and time again 反復(fù)；不時地；多次地 again and again 反復(fù)地,①Say it over and over again until you remember it. 反復(fù)多說它幾次，直到記住了為止。 ②He plays the same character over and over again and he only has one facial expression.他一遍又一遍地重復(fù)著同類型的角色，而且臉上只有一種表情。 ③I’ve warned you against that woman time and time again. 我反復(fù)提醒過你要避開那個女人。,,6in place 在適當(dāng)?shù)奈恢茫贿m當(dāng) (教材原句)Hold the bandage in place with tape. 用膠布把繃帶固定在適當(dāng)?shù)奈恢蒙稀?in place of. 代替…… out of place 不合適的，不相稱的， 不在適當(dāng)位置的 take place 發(fā)生 take the place of. 代替……,歸納拓展 in place of. 代替…… out of place 不合適的，不相稱的，不在適當(dāng)位置的 take place 發(fā)生 take the place of.代替……,①I like to have everything in place. 我喜歡把一切東西都放在適當(dāng)?shù)奈恢谩?②The proposal is not quite in place. 那個提議并不十分適當(dāng)。 ③Jones will play for the team in place of John. 瓊斯將代替約翰參加比賽。,④This joke is rather out of place. 這個玩笑開得不太得當(dāng)。 ⑤After the fire took place in the shop，Tom took the place of the manager. 在那場大火發(fā)生在商店后，湯姆接替了經(jīng)理的職務(wù)。,4－1 翻譯句子 他擠進(jìn)電梯。 ______________________________________ 4－2 單項填空 He took off his wet clothes and________the water out. A．squeezed B．pushed C．forced D．wiped,He squeezed himself into the lift.,解析：選A。句意：他脫下濕衣服，擰干了水。squeeze是“擠；擰”之意，squeeze the water out是“把水?dāng)D干”，符合語境。push意為“推”；force意為“迫使”；wipe意為“擦”。,5－1 翻譯句子 I have warned you over and over again not to do that. ______________________________________,我一再地警告你不要去做。,5－2 單項填空 He kept running on and on，telling me the same story________. A．once again B．once in a while C．over and over again D．by and by,解析：選C。句意：他喋喋不休地講著，反復(fù)地對我講那回事。與語境中的kept running.和the same story相呼應(yīng)，此處用over and over again表示“反復(fù)地”之意。once again意為“再一次地”；once in a while意為“偶爾地；有時候地”；by and by意為“不久之后”。,6－1 用與place有關(guān)的短語填空 (1)Don’t put your books here and there.They should____________. (2)He seems a little______________here because he is not at all familiar with them. (3)We use cotton________________silk for this kind of costumes. (4)The story____________on a cold winter morning. (5)Mr.Smith________________our teacher，as he was ill.,be in place,out of place,in place of,took place,took the place of,6－2 單項填空 You should behave yourself.It is________to have such manners on this occasion. A．in order B．in place C．out of place D．out of order,解析：選C。句意：守規(guī)矩點。這種場合下這種舉動是不合適的。out of place是“不合適的，不恰當(dāng)?shù)摹敝?，符合語境。in order意為“有秩序的”；out of order意為“混亂的”；in place意為“適當(dāng)?shù)摹薄?7pour vt.&vi.倒；灌；注；涌 (教材原句)Sam broke the blisters and poured icy water from the fridge onto the skin. 薩姆把水泡弄破，把冰箱里的冰水倒在皮膚上。,pour down 傾瀉 pour in/into (使)川流不息地涌入 pour out 大量涌出，傾泄出來； (從壺、罐等)倒出(飲料)；傾訴,歸納拓展 ①Sweat poured down from her face.汗珠不斷地從她的臉上流下。 ②He first poured some water in the basin.他先在臉盆里倒了一些水。,③The girl poured a glass of milk for her mother. 女孩給母親倒了一玻璃杯牛奶。 ④The crowd poured out of the concert hall.人群從音樂廳涌出來。,,7－1用與pour有關(guān)的短語填空 (1)Many people________________South Africa for gold rush in the 19th century. (2)Hundreds of people________________the station. (3)Water ________________the wall from the roof. (4)Water___________through a leak in the ship’s hull.,poured into,poured out of,poured down,poured in,1(教材原句)So as you can imagine，if your skin gets burned it can be very serious. 所以，正如你能夠想像的那樣，如果你的皮膚燒傷了，就會非常嚴(yán)重。 [句法分析] (1)as引導(dǎo)的是非限制性定語從句，修飾下文提到的一整件事；if引導(dǎo)的是條件狀語從句。,①As we know，smoking is harmful. 大家都知道，吸煙非常有害。 ②So，as you can see，he was a very important person. 由此你們可以看到，他是一個非常重要的人物。,【區(qū)別】which引導(dǎo)的非限制性定語從句與as引導(dǎo)的非限制性定語從句 ①從位置上看，which引導(dǎo)的從句多位于句末，而as引導(dǎo)的非限制性定語從句位置靈活,可以置于句首、句末或句中。 ②從意義上看，which在定語從句中多譯為“這一點，這一件事”，表示事實、狀態(tài)或起因等；而as多譯為“正如”，表示評論、依據(jù)或看法等。,③從所修飾的先行詞看，which引導(dǎo)的非限制性定語從句既可以修飾一個單詞也可以是整個主句或主句中的一部分內(nèi)容；而as引導(dǎo)的定語從句所修飾的先行詞不能夠是一個單詞，而是整個主句或主句中的部分內(nèi)容。 (2)get用作系動詞，其后多接動詞的過去分詞形式作表語。 ③Once you get started，you should keep it to the end. 一旦你開始了，就要堅持到最后。,④I hate to get involved in other people’s quarrels. 我討厭參與別人的爭吵。 ⑤The bus got stuck in the snow，so we had to go to school on foot. 公共汽車陷進(jìn)了雪里，我們不得不走路去上學(xué)。,2(教材原句)If burns are on arms or legs，keep them higher than the heart，if possible. 如果燒傷是在胳膊或腿部，如果可能的話把手臂或腿腳抬高到高于心臟的位置。,[句法分析] if possible是if引導(dǎo)的條件狀語從句的省略，若補全為if it is possible。類似的形式還有if necessary“如果有必要的話”。 ①You can use these reference books，if necessary. 如果必要，你可用這些參考書。 ②If possible，I wish to go there next summer. 如果可能，我希望明年夏天去。,歸納拓展 狀語從句的省略原則： (1)在if、unless、until、when、while、as though、as if等引導(dǎo)的狀語從句中，如果狀語從句的主語和主句的主語一致，從句中含有系動詞be的某種形式時，則從句的主語和系動詞be可以一起省略。 (2)有時候狀語從句的主語和系動詞是it is/was時，也可以將it is/was一起省略。,③I won’t go to her party，even if (I’m)invited. 即使受到邀請我也不去參加她的聚會。 ④He stops now and then as though (he is)disturbed by pain. 他時而停下，好像為疼痛所擾。 ⑤When possible，take a walk before meals to improve appetite. 有條件時，可在飯前散散步，增進(jìn)食欲。,巧學(xué)活用 1－1 補全句子 (1)正如我們看到的，世界人口正日益激增。 ________________，the world population is growing rapidly day by day. (2)我上學(xué)又遲到，老師為此很惱怒。 My teacher________________when I was late for school again.,As we can see,got annoyed,1－2 單項填空 ________you can imagine，we all enjoyed the party. A．Which B．When C．As D．After,解析：選C。句意：正如你可以想象到的那樣，我們在那次聚會上都玩得很開心。as引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句，修飾下文提到的一整句話，表示“正如”之意。而which引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句時，多位于句末。,2－1 補全句子 (1)當(dāng)那個男孩被問到為何到這里來時，他沉默不語。 ________________why he came here，the boy kept silent.,When asked,2－2 單項填空 The research is so well designed that once________nothing can be done to change it. A．beginning B．begun C．to begin D．begins,解析：選B。句意：這項研究設(shè)計的如此好以至于一旦開始，任何事都不可能改變它?？疾榱薿nce引導(dǎo)的時間狀語從句的省略，若補全為once the research is begun。,同學(xué)們,來學(xué)校和回家的路上要注意安全,同學(xué)們,來學(xué)校和回家的路上要注意安全,