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111 必修1　Unit 1　Friendship 要 點(diǎn) 梳 理 高效梳理·知識(shí)備考 ●重點(diǎn)單詞 1．upset adj.心煩意亂的；不安的；不適的 vt.使不安；使心煩 2．ignore vt.不理睬；忽視→ignorance n．愚昧→ignorant adj.無(wú)知的；粗魯?shù)? 3．calm vt. & vi.(使)平靜；(使)鎮(zhèn)定 adj.平靜的；鎮(zhèn)靜的；沉著的 4．concern vt. & n．(使)擔(dān)憂；涉及；關(guān)系到；擔(dān)心；關(guān)注；(利害)關(guān)系→concerned adj.擔(dān)憂的→concerning prep.關(guān)于 5．loose adj.松的；松開的 6．series n．連續(xù)；系列 7．outdoors adv.在戶外；在野外 8．entire adj.整個(gè)的；完全的；全部的 9．power n．能力；力量；權(quán)力→powerful adj.有權(quán)勢(shì)的 10．settle vi.安家；定居；停留vt.使安居；安排；解決→settled adj.→settlement n．安居；定居 11．suffer vt. &vt.遭受；忍受；經(jīng)歷→suffering n．痛苦；折磨 12．recover vi. &vt.痊愈；恢復(fù)；重新獲得→recovery n．痊愈 13．pack vi. &vt.捆扎；包裝；打行李 n．小包；包裹 14．exactly adv.確實(shí)如此；正是；確切地→exact adj.精確的 15．disagree vi.不同意→disagreement n．→agree 反義詞 ●重點(diǎn)短語(yǔ) 1．a(chǎn)dd up合計(jì) 2．calm down 平靜下來(lái)；鎮(zhèn)定下來(lái) 3．have got to 不得不，必須 4．be concerned about 關(guān)心，掛念 5．go through 經(jīng)歷；經(jīng)受 6．set down 放下；記下；登記 7．a(chǎn) series of 一連串的；一系列的 8．on purpose 故意 9．in order to 為了…… 10．a(chǎn)t dusk 在黃昏時(shí)刻 11．face to face 面對(duì)面 12．no longer/not any longer 不再 13．suffer from 遭受；患病 14．get/be tired of 對(duì)……厭煩 15．pack (sth.) up 將(東西)裝箱打包 16．get along with 與……相處；進(jìn)展 17．fall in love 相愛；愛上 18．join in 參加；加入 ●重點(diǎn)句型 1．While walking the dog,_you were careless and it got loose and was hit by a car.你在遛狗的時(shí)候不小心讓狗松脫了，接著它被一輛小車撞著了。 2．... tell him/her that he/she should have studied... ……告訴他/她本該學(xué)習(xí)…… 3．I wonder if it’s because I haven’t been able to be outdoors for so long that I’ve grown so crazy about everything to do with nature.我不知道這是不是因?yàn)槲议L(zhǎng)時(shí)間無(wú)法出門的緣故，使我變得對(duì)一切與大自然有關(guān)的事物都那樣狂熱。 4．...it was the first time in a year and a half that I’d seen the night face to face... ……這是我一年半以來(lái)第一次觀察夜晚…… 5．Mother asked her if/whether she was very hot with so many clothes on.媽媽問(wèn)她穿這么多衣服是不是很熱。 ●高考范文 (2009·全國(guó)卷Ⅰ，寧夏，海南) 假定你是李華，正在英國(guó)接受英語(yǔ)培訓(xùn)，住在一戶英國(guó)人家里。今天你的房東Mrs Wilson 不在家，你準(zhǔn)備外出，請(qǐng)給Mrs Wilson 寫一留言條，內(nèi)容包括： 1．外出購(gòu)物 2．替房東還書 3．Tracy 來(lái)信留言：1)咖啡屋(Bolton Coffee)見面取消 2)此事已告知Susan 3)盡快回電 注意：1 詞數(shù)100左右； 2．可以適當(dāng)增加細(xì)節(jié)，以使行文連貫。 Mrs Wilson _______________________________________________ _______________________________________________ _______________________________________________ Li Hua [思路點(diǎn)撥] 仔細(xì)閱讀試題的要求，我們可以看出書面表達(dá)應(yīng)該包含三個(gè)大的方面：購(gòu)物、還書以及留言。而留言又包含了三個(gè)方面：取消見面；已告知Susan；回電。這樣，我們?cè)趯懽鲿r(shí)就要抓住這5個(gè)要點(diǎn)，通過(guò)增加適當(dāng)?shù)募?xì)節(jié)以及運(yùn)用恰當(dāng)?shù)倪B詞把每個(gè)語(yǔ)法正確、句型豐富的句子連接在一起就會(huì)得到較高的分?jǐn)?shù)。 [范文] Mrs Wilson， I'm going out shopping, and won't be back until about 5：00 pm. I have taken with me the two books you asked me to return to the City Library. At about 1 o'clock this afternoon, Tracy called, saying that she couldn't meet you at the Bolton Coffee tomorrow morning as she had something important to attend to. She felt very sorry about that, but said that you could set some other time for the meeting. She wanted you to call her back as soon as you are home. She has already told Susan about this change. Li Hua 考 點(diǎn) 探 究 互動(dòng)探究·能力備考 Ⅰ.詞匯短語(yǔ)過(guò)關(guān) 1．upset adj. 心煩意亂的；不安的，不適的 vt. 使不安；使心煩，打亂(upset; upset) be upset about 對(duì)……感到心煩 It upsets sb. that 讓某人心煩的是…… It upsets sb. to do sth. 做……使某人不快 upset the plan 攪亂了計(jì)劃 [即學(xué)即練1]　(1)I ______ ______ ______ the bad news. 我對(duì)那則壞消息感到心煩意亂。 (2)It ______ ______ that he had left without saying goodbye. 他的不辭而別讓她心情沮喪。 (3)If the rain keeps falling, it will ______ the whole plan. 如果繼續(xù)下雨，這將會(huì)打亂我們的整個(gè)計(jì)劃。 　　 Am upset about upset her upset 2．ignore vt. 不理睬；忽視；不顧(強(qiáng)調(diào)“裝作不知道或沒看到”) ignorant adj. 無(wú)知的；愚昧的；不知道的 ignorance n. 無(wú)知；愚昧；不知道 ignore sb./sth. 不理睬某人/假裝不知道或未見 be ignorant of/about sth.＝be in ignorance of sth.不知道某事 [即學(xué)即練2]　(1)She saw him coming but she ________him.她看見他走來(lái)，但沒有理睬他。 (2)He is ______ ______ farm life.＝He is ___ _________ ______ farm life.他對(duì)農(nóng)莊生活一無(wú)所知。 ignored ignorant of in ignorance of 3．concern vt. (使)擔(dān)憂；涉及；關(guān)系到 n. 擔(dān)心；關(guān)注；(利害)關(guān)系 concerning prep. 關(guān)于 concerned adj. 關(guān)心的；掛念的；有關(guān)的 show/express concern about/for 對(duì)……表示關(guān)心/擔(dān)心 have concern with 和……有關(guān)系 with concern 關(guān)切地 concern oneself about/for 擔(dān)憂/關(guān)心…… concern oneself with 從事，參與…… concern sb./sth. 與……有關(guān) be concerned about/over/for 關(guān)心，掛念 be concerned with/in 牽扯進(jìn)/參與…… all parties concerned 有關(guān)各方 as/so far as... be concerned 就……而言 [即學(xué)即練3]　(1)Don't concern yourself ______ other people's affairs. 別干涉他人的事。 (2)I always concern myself ______ my son's future. 我總是擔(dān)憂我兒子的將來(lái)。 (3)He doesn't bother about things that don't ______ him. 他不關(guān)心那些與他無(wú)關(guān)的事。 關(guān)于你的信，我樂于奉告你所感興趣的東西。 with about concern　 (4)As far as ____________， the sooner, the better. 就我而言，越快越好。 (5)________________ your letter, I'm pleased to inform you of what you are interested in. 　 I’m concerned Concerning 4．series n. 系列；連續(xù) a series of　　　　　　　　　一連串的；一系列的 a series of exams 一連串的考試 a TV series 一部電視連續(xù)劇 注意：(1)series 屬于單復(fù)數(shù)同形的單詞，類似的單詞還有 means, species, works(工廠)，deer, fish, sheep 等。 (2)“a series of＋復(fù)數(shù)名詞”做主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)，但“these/those series of＋復(fù)數(shù)名詞”做主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)。 [即學(xué)即練4]　(1)Then began ______ ______ ______ wet days that spoiled our vacation. 之后就是一連串的下雨天，把我們的假期弄得一團(tuán)糟。 (2)There ______ a series of car accidents at the crossing this morning.今天早晨在十字路口發(fā)生了一連串的交通事故。 a series of was 5．settle vi. 安家；定居；停留 vt. 使定居；安排；解決 settle in/into (使)適應(yīng)(新的家、工作、環(huán)境等)，習(xí)慣于； 安頓下來(lái) settle down 安居下來(lái)；定居，過(guò)安定生活，舒適地坐下或 躺下 settle on/upon 同意，決定；在某處停留/棲息 settle down to n．/v.－ing get down to n．/v.－ing開始認(rèn)真做……，專心于…… settle one's affairs 安排/解決好自己的事情 settle a dispute/an argument 解決爭(zhēng)端 [即學(xué)即練5]　(1)She ____________ the city after her father's death.父親去世后她就在城市里定居了。 (2)They __________________ in a friendly way. 他們友好地解決了他們的爭(zhēng)端。 (3)Let's __________________ the work.我們開始工作?！? settled in settled their quarrel settle down to 6．suffer vt.& vi. 遭受；忍受；經(jīng)歷 suffering n. (身體、精神上的)痛苦，苦惱、苦難的經(jīng)歷 suffer pain/loss/defeat/punishment/hardship 遭受痛苦/損失/失敗/懲罰/艱難 suffer from 受……折磨，受……之苦；患……疾病 [即學(xué)即練6]　(1)They _____________ a great loss in the earthquake.在地震中他們蒙受了巨大損失。 (2)I'll _________ this rudeness no longer. 我再也不能忍受這種粗魯了。 (3)He's ____________ a bad cold.他正患重感冒。 (4)Wars caused ___________ to this country. 戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)給這個(gè)國(guó)家?guī)?lái)了苦難。 　 suffered suffer suffering from suffering 7．recover vi.&vt. 痊愈；恢復(fù)；重新獲得 recovery n. 恢復(fù)，復(fù)原；復(fù)得 recover from sth. 從……中恢復(fù)到正常狀態(tài) (如健康、神智等) recover sth. from... 從……中找回、重新獲得 recover oneself 清醒過(guò)來(lái) recover one's health/senses 恢復(fù)健康/知覺 [即學(xué)即練7]　(1)Liu Xiang is still __________________ his operation. 手術(shù)后，劉翔仍在恢復(fù)之中。 (2)He seemed upset but quickly ___________________. 他顯得心煩意亂，但很快靜下心來(lái)。 (3)He has ______ a slow ____________ the strain. 他慢慢從緊張中恢復(fù)過(guò)來(lái)。 recovering from recovered himself made recovery from 8．a(chǎn)dd up 合計(jì) add sth. up 把……加起來(lái) add up to 加起來(lái)共計(jì)/達(dá) add...to... 把……加在/上…… add to 增加；增添 add that...補(bǔ)充說(shuō) [即學(xué)即練8]　(1)Can you ______ these figures ______？ 你能把這些數(shù)字加起來(lái)嗎？ (2)All these figures _______________ 5 000. 所有這些數(shù)字加起來(lái)共計(jì)5 000。 (3)He ______ some sugar ______ the coffee. 他給咖啡里加了些糖。 (4)The bad weather ____________ our difficulty. 壞天氣增加了我們的困難。 (5)He ______ that he was satisfied with the talk. 他補(bǔ)充說(shuō)他對(duì)會(huì)談很滿意。 add up add up to added to added to added 9．go through ＝experience 經(jīng)歷，經(jīng)受 ＝examine carefully 仔細(xì)檢查 ＝look through 瀏覽，翻閱 ＝pass (through) 通過(guò)，經(jīng)過(guò) ＝be used up 用完 [即學(xué)即練9]　寫出下列各句中 go through 的意思。 (1)We went through hardships while working on this project.________________ (2)The teacher has gone through all the papers of the students. ____________ (3)He has the habit of going through morning papers after getting up.________________ (4)It took us three days to go through the forest.____________ (5)I've gone through my ink.______________ 經(jīng)歷；經(jīng)受 仔細(xì)檢查 瀏覽，翻閱 通過(guò)，穿過(guò) 用完 拓展：break through 沖破 get through 完成，通過(guò) live through 活過(guò)…… look through 瀏覽 cut through 穿過(guò) put through 接通電話 10．set down (1)＝write down 寫下，記下 (2)＝put down 放下，擱下 (3)＝stop and allow sb. to get off 讓某人下車 (4)＝explain or describe to oneself as 解釋為，認(rèn)為 (與 as 連用) [即學(xué)即練10](1)Why don't you ______ your ideas ______ on paper? 為什么你不把你的想法寫在紙上呢？ (2)______ that heavy bag ______ to have a rest. 把那沉重的袋子放下，休息一會(huì)兒。 (3)Please ______ me ______ at the next corner. 請(qǐng)?jiān)谙乱粋€(gè)拐角處讓我下車。 (4)I ______ the man ______ as a salesman. 我認(rèn)為那個(gè)人是位售貨員。 set down Set down set down set down 拓展：set about doing sth.開始干某事 (＝set out to do sth.) set off開始；出發(fā)(＝set out)；引爆 set out出發(fā)；開始(后接to do)；陳列；闡述 set up建立，創(chuàng)設(shè)，開辦 set back把(鐘表指針)往回?fù)? set aside留出；不顧；取消 set free釋放；解放 set sb. a good example為……樹立好榜樣 11．in order to 為了…… (1)in order to 引導(dǎo)的目的狀語(yǔ)，可置于句首或句末， 可換成 to (do sth.)。 so as to 引導(dǎo)的目的狀語(yǔ)，其位置一般在句末。 (2)否定結(jié)構(gòu)：in order not to do 和 so as not to do。 (3)前后兩部分主語(yǔ)一致時(shí)，才能用 in order to 或 so as to 來(lái)引導(dǎo)，否則，改用 so that 或 in order that 來(lái)引導(dǎo)。 [即學(xué)即練11]翻譯句子。 (1)為了看清楚，我戴上了眼鏡。____________________ (2)為了不丟掉工作，她向老板說(shuō)了謊。_______________ 答案：(1)In order to see it clearly, I put on my glasses. ＝I put on my glasses in order to see it clearly. ＝I put on my glasses so as to see it clearly.＝I put on my glasses to see it clearly.＝To see it clearly I put on my glasses.　 (2)In order not to lose the job, she lied to the boss. 12．get along/on with 與……相處 get along/on well/nicely with.... 進(jìn)展(談及或問(wèn)及工作情況) [即學(xué)即練12]　(1)How is the work ____________？ 工作進(jìn)展如何？ (2)How are you __________________ your studies? 你功課學(xué)得怎樣？ (3)Selfish men are hard to __________________. 自私的人很難相處。 getting along getting along with get along with Ⅱ.重點(diǎn)句型詳解 1．While walking the dog, you were careless and it got loose and was hit by a car.你在遛狗的時(shí)候不小心讓狗松脫了，接著它被一輛小車撞著了。 While walking the dog＝While you were walking the dog，這是狀語(yǔ)從句的省略。 在when, while, if, as if, though, as, where, unless等連詞(詞組)引導(dǎo)的狀語(yǔ)從句中，如果謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞有be，而主語(yǔ)又跟主句的主語(yǔ)相同或?yàn)閕t時(shí)，則從句的主語(yǔ)和be常常省略。 ①When (I was) in Japan, I took many beautiful pictures. 在日本時(shí)，我拍了許多漂亮的照片。 ②While (I was) waiting, I read newspapers. 我邊等待，邊看報(bào)紙。 ③If (it were) not for you, we would not go there. 要不是為你，我們就不會(huì)去那兒了。 ④He looks as if (he were) drunk.他看上去像喝醉了。 ⑤She went on working though (she was) exhausted. 盡管她精疲力竭，但仍繼續(xù)工作。 ⑥Fill in the blanks with the given words; change the form where (it is) necessary.用所給詞填空，必要的地方改變形式。 ⑦I won't go unless (I'm) invited. 除非被邀請(qǐng)，否則我不會(huì)去。 [即境活用1]　When first ______ to the market, these products enjoyed great success. A．introducing　　　　　 　 B．introduced C．introduce D．being introduced 解析：將從句補(bǔ)全應(yīng)為When these products were first introduced to the market，主從句主語(yǔ)一致且從句中有be，可以省略主語(yǔ)和be。 答案：B 2．...tell him/her that he/she should have studied... ……告訴他/她本該學(xué)習(xí)…… should have done結(jié)構(gòu)表示過(guò)去應(yīng)該做某事而事實(shí)上沒有做；而shouldn't have done則表示過(guò)去本不該做某事而實(shí)際上卻做了，兩者皆含有“責(zé)備”的口吻。 ①You should have finished your homework yesterday. 你昨天就該做完作業(yè)。 ②You shouldn't have told him about it. 你本來(lái)不應(yīng)該告訴他這件事情。 拓展：其他“情態(tài)動(dòng)詞＋have＋done”結(jié)構(gòu)： (1)must have done對(duì)過(guò)去發(fā)生的事情的肯定推測(cè)?！耙欢ā?。 (2)can't/couldn't have done對(duì)過(guò)去發(fā)生的事情的否定推測(cè)?！安豢赡堋薄? (3)needn't have done過(guò)去沒有必要做卻做了?！氨緛?lái)沒必要做……”。 (4)ought (not) to have done＝should (not) have done (5)might/may have done過(guò)去可能做了某事(可能性小)?！翱赡茏隽恕薄? (6)could have done過(guò)去本可能做而未做?！氨緛?lái)能做……”。 (7)would have done愿意做某事卻不能做?！氨緛?lái)想要做……”。 [即境活用2]　Oh, I'm not feeling well in the stomach. I ______ so much fried chicken just now. A．shouldn't eat B．mustn't have eaten C．shouldn't have eaten D．mustn't eat 解析：由just now可知，本題談?wù)撨^(guò)去之事。談?wù)撨^(guò)去之事，在should或must之后接不定式的完成式。must表示推測(cè)只用于肯定句中，shouldn’t have done表說(shuō)話之前不應(yīng)該做某事，但事實(shí)上卻做了，含有責(zé)備的口氣。 答案：C 3．...it was the first time in a year and a half that I'd seen the night face to face... ……這是我一年半以來(lái)第一次觀察夜晚…… It is/was the first time(that)．..這是一個(gè)固定句式，it可換成this或that; first可換成second, third等，以表達(dá)不同的意義。 ①This is the fourth time she's rung you in a week. 這是她一周內(nèi)第四次給你打電話。 ②It was the second time that he had been out with her alone.這是他第二次單獨(dú)跟她外出。 ③It will be the second time that I have got the prize. 那將是我第二次獲得該獎(jiǎng)。 提示：(1)It is the first time that...后接現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)；It was the first time that...后接過(guò)去完成時(shí)；It will be the first time that...后接現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。 (2)the first time可起從屬連詞作用，引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句。 The first time I saw her, my heart stopped. 我第一次見到她時(shí)，心臟都停止了跳動(dòng)。 (3)for the first time意為“第一次”，單獨(dú)用做狀語(yǔ)。 He was cheated for the first time. 他第一次被騙了。 [即境活用3]　—Have you ever been here before? —No. This is the first time that I ______ to the Great Wall. A．comes B．have been C．came D．had come 解析：This is the first time that...之后的從句需要用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)態(tài)。 答案：B 4．Mother asked her if/whether she was very hot with so many clothes on.媽媽問(wèn)她穿這么多衣服是不是很熱。 “with＋n.＋形容詞/副詞/介詞短語(yǔ)/分詞/動(dòng)詞不定式”這種結(jié)構(gòu)在句中經(jīng)常做狀語(yǔ)，表示原因、方式或伴隨狀態(tài)。如果分詞的動(dòng)作與前面的名詞是主動(dòng)關(guān)系，用現(xiàn)在分詞；如果是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，則用過(guò)去分詞；如果表示一個(gè)未來(lái)的動(dòng)作就用不定式。 ①He lay on his back, with his eyes looking up into the sky. 他躺著，眼瞅著天空。 ②With his homework done, he went out to play. 完成作業(yè)，他就出去玩了。 ③With the guide to lead us, we'll have no difficulty finding his house. 有導(dǎo)游帶路，我們將不費(fèi)力地找到他家。 ④He came in, with a book in his hand. 他手里拿著一本書走了進(jìn)來(lái)。 ⑤He is used to sleeping with the windows open. 他已經(jīng)習(xí)慣了開著窗戶睡覺。 ⑥He often sleeps with the light on. 他經(jīng)常開著燈睡覺。 [即境活用4]　______ five minutes ______ before the last bus left, we arrived at the station. A．There were; go B．With; to go C．It was; left D．It had; left 解析：本題考查with的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)，即“with＋賓語(yǔ)＋賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)”。本題用不定式做賓補(bǔ)表示將來(lái)的動(dòng)作。句意：在最后一班公交車離開的前五分鐘，我們到了車站。 答案：B 易 錯(cuò) 點(diǎn) 撥 自我完善·誤區(qū)備考 1. calm/quiet/still/silent 這幾個(gè)詞都與“靜”有關(guān)，但它們所描述的物體、場(chǎng)合是不同的。 (1)calm常指“天氣平靜，無(wú)風(fēng)；海無(wú)浪；鎮(zhèn)定，無(wú)憂慮；鎮(zhèn)定自若”，強(qiáng)調(diào)外表的平靜。 (2)quiet表示“靜止的；寧?kù)o的；不激動(dòng)，沒有煩惱、憂慮的”，強(qiáng)調(diào)沒有干擾，沒有興奮活動(dòng)或鬧聲的“寧?kù)o”或“心神安逸”。 (3)still表示“靜止不動(dòng)的/地”“平靜的/地”，突出不發(fā)出動(dòng)作。 (4)silent表示“聲音極小的，沉默的，寡言的”。 [應(yīng)用1]　(1)Ask the children to make less noise and keep ______. (2)Although she was frightened, she answered in a ______ voice. (3)John is a ______， thoughtful boy. (4)Please stand ______ while I am ready to take the photograph. quiet calm silent still 2. power/right/strength/force/energy (1)power主要指做事所依靠的能力、功能，也可指人或機(jī)器等事物潛在的或發(fā)揮出來(lái)的力量，還可指職權(quán)、權(quán)力或政權(quán)。 (2)right指“權(quán)利”。 (3)strength指固有的潛力。說(shuō)人時(shí)，指“力氣”，說(shuō)物時(shí)，指“強(qiáng)度”。 (4)force主要指自然界的力量；暴力、勢(shì)力以及法律、道德或感情的力量；軍事力量等。 (5)energy主要指人的精力或自然界中的能量。 [應(yīng)用2]　(1)You’ll need to apply all your ______ to this job. (2)You have no ______ to treat me like this. (3)Congress has ______ to declare war. (4)The ______ of the explosion broke all the windows. (5)A washing machine is a saver of time and ________. energy right power force strength 3. join in/take part in/attend/join (1)join in指參加正在進(jìn)行著的活動(dòng)，如游戲、討論、辯論、談話等。也可用 join sb. in doing sth.。 (2)take part in指參加會(huì)議或群眾性活動(dòng)，并在其中發(fā)揮一定的作用。part 前若有修飾語(yǔ)，要加不定冠詞。 (3)attend正式用語(yǔ)，指參加會(huì)議、儀式、婚禮、上課、上學(xué)、聽報(bào)告等，重在強(qiáng)調(diào)“參與”的動(dòng)作，不強(qiáng)調(diào)參加者的作用。 (4)join指參加某組織或團(tuán)體，并成為其一員。其賓語(yǔ)往往是 the army/Party/team/club/sb.。 [應(yīng)用3]　(1)Would you ______ us ______ the game? (2)All the students ______________________ school activities. (3)There are many people __________ the meeting. (4)My brother ______ the army last year. 　 join in took an active part in attending joined 4．連詞＋doing/done [應(yīng)用4] (1)Though ______ money, his parents managed to send him to university. A．lacked B．lacking of C．lacking D．lacked in 解析：當(dāng)從句的主語(yǔ)和主句的主語(yǔ)相同時(shí)，且從句的謂語(yǔ)是be動(dòng)詞時(shí)，可以省略從句主語(yǔ)和be動(dòng)詞，本句補(bǔ)全應(yīng)該為：Though(they were) lacking... 答案：C (2)While ______ the book on the top shelf, you need to be very careful. A．to reach B．reaching C．reach D．a(chǎn)re reaching 解析：reach和you是主謂關(guān)系，要用現(xiàn)在分詞做狀語(yǔ)。 答案：B (3)Generally speaking, ______ according to the directions, the drug has no side effect. A．when taking B．when taken C．when to take D．when to be taken 解析：take和drug是動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，要用過(guò)去分詞做狀語(yǔ)?？煽醋鍪莣hen it is taken的省略。 答案：B (4)The research is so designed that once ______ nothing can be done to change it. A．begins B．having begun C．beginning D．begun 解析：考查過(guò)去分詞補(bǔ)充成條件狀語(yǔ)從句的用法。句子應(yīng)為once (the research is) begun。 答案：D 高 效 作 業(yè) 自我測(cè)評(píng)·技能備考 Ⅰ.單詞拼寫 1．The snow is very ______(疏松) and there is a lot of air in it. 2．His life is _________(完全地) given up to work. 3．The ___________(幕布) rises and the play begins. 4．That's __________(正是) what I expected. 5．To send me to college, my parents _________(受苦) a lot. 6．Our workmate has been in danger. We're all c_____________ about his health. loose entirely curtain exactly suffered concerned 7．They come from Germany. They are G____________. 8．On hot summer nights, people like to sit o____________， chatting and enjoying the cool air. 9．I'm g ________________ for your help. 10．Their age is from 13 to 19. They are called t_________________. Germans outdoors grateful teenagers Ⅱ .單項(xiàng)選擇 1．—My children are always arguing. —______ A．Just ignore them.　　　 B．That's right. C．Are you sure? D．How old is the boy? 答案：A 解析：對(duì)方在抱怨孩子們總吵架，應(yīng)回答A項(xiàng)“別理他們”。 2．Because he didn't finish the work on time and was fired by the company, he was very ______ about it. A．upset B．worried C．a(chǎn)nxious D．nervous 答案：A 解析：由題意“沒有按時(shí)完成工作就被公司解雇了”可知，選upset“苦惱的，心煩意亂的”。 3．Please ______ all the figures to see how much they ______. A．a(chǎn)dd; add up to B．a(chǎn)dd up; add up to C．a(chǎn)dd up; add up D．a(chǎn)dd; add to 答案：B 解析：第一空填add up“把……加起來(lái)”；第二空填add up to “加起來(lái)總計(jì)”。 4．Excuse me, can you tell me ______？ A．where the nearest post office is B．how far the Capital Airport was C．how can I get to the station D．where is the station 答案：A 解析：考查直接引語(yǔ)變間接引語(yǔ)時(shí)從句用陳述語(yǔ)序，排除C、D項(xiàng)。B項(xiàng)時(shí)態(tài)不對(duì)。 5．(2010·河北正定中學(xué))All my pockets have been ______ but I can't find my keys. A．got through B．given out C．gone through D．gone down 答案：C 解析：考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)辨析。語(yǔ)意：我找遍了所有的口袋，但是沒有發(fā)現(xiàn)鑰匙。此處的go through表示“仔細(xì)檢查；搜查”。get through表示“通過(guò)；到達(dá)”，give out表示“分發(fā)”，go down表示“下降”，都不符合語(yǔ)意。 6．He got ______ while ______ the fire. A．burning; putting out B．burnt; put out C．burning; put out D．burnt; putting out 答案：D 解析：第一空got burnt＝be burnt“受傷”；第二空省略了he was。 7．—This is the first time I ______ my first picture with my own hands. —It's time that you ______ a picture for me. A．took; took B．have taken; took C．took; will take D．will take; have taken 答案：B 解析：This is the first time后面的從句中用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)；It's time后面的從句中用一般過(guò)去時(shí)。 8．(2010·甘肅河西五市聯(lián)考)It was lack of money, not of effort, ______ defeated their plan. A．which B．a(chǎn)s C．that D．what 答案：C 解析：容易誤選A，受空格前逗號(hào)的影響，誤認(rèn)為這是一個(gè)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句。其實(shí)，整個(gè)句子為強(qiáng)調(diào)句，被強(qiáng)調(diào)成分為lack of money, not of effort。 9．(2010·鄭州一中)The comments which she made ______ the 2008 Super Voice Girl bored a lot of fans to death. A．being concerned B．to be concerned C．concerned D．concerning 答案：D 解析：考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。題干中which she made與concerning均作定語(yǔ)修飾comments，因concern與其邏輯主語(yǔ)之間為主謂關(guān)系，故用v－ing形式作后置定語(yǔ)。 10．______such heavy loss in the hurricane, the farmer didn't expect to have a good harvest. A．Suffering B．Having suffered C．Suffered D．To suffer 答案：B 解析：考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。此句用現(xiàn)在分詞的完成式 having suffered 做狀語(yǔ)，表主動(dòng)及影響和結(jié)果。 11．All these gifts must be mailed immediately ______ in time for Christmas. A．in order to have received B．in order to receive C．so as to be received D．so as to be receiving 答案：C 解析：考查 in order to/so as to 引導(dǎo)目的狀語(yǔ)時(shí)，前后兩部分主語(yǔ)必須一致。因?yàn)榍懊嬷髡Z(yǔ)是 all these gifts，所以應(yīng)選C項(xiàng)，表示“被收到”。 12．(2009·浙江卷)______ and short of breath, Andy and Ruby were the first to reach the top of Mount Tai. A．To be tired B．Tired C．Tiring D．Being tired 答案：B 解析：此處是形容詞詞組做狀語(yǔ)，相當(dāng)于although Andy and Ruby were tired and short of breath。 13．(2009·全國(guó)卷Ⅰ)What do you mean, there are only ten tickets? There ______ be twelve. A．should B．would C．will D．shall 答案：A 解析：考查情態(tài)動(dòng)詞。should表示“(與預(yù)期相反)本應(yīng)，本當(dāng)”。 14．(2009·全國(guó)卷Ⅰ)I tried phoning her office, but I couldn't ______ A．get along B．get on C．get to D．get through 答案：D 解析：考查動(dòng)詞詞組。get along“相處融洽，進(jìn)展”；get on“繼續(xù)，進(jìn)行，上車”；get to“到達(dá)，開始”；get through “穿過(guò)，通過(guò)，讀完，打通(電話)”。根據(jù)語(yǔ)意：我試著給她辦公室打電話，但是沒有打通。因此只有 get through 符合語(yǔ)意。 15．(2009·全國(guó)卷Ⅰ)Now that we've discussed our problem, are people happy with the decisions ______？ A．taking B．take C．taken D．to take 答案：C 解析：考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的形式。語(yǔ)意為：既然我們已經(jīng)討論了我們的問(wèn)題，那么人們對(duì)于做出的決定滿意嗎？因表示被動(dòng)的含義，空白處應(yīng)用過(guò)去分詞做后置定語(yǔ)。 Ⅲ .完形填空 Nick was not the kind of boy I had expected to spend my summer with. I was hoping to have a __1__ the summer before my busy senior year, but my mother asked me to do her a __2__. One of her colleagues needed a full－time __3__. “You planned to volunteer at the local hospital; why not volunteer to __4__ Nick instead？” Then she told me that this six－year－old boy was not a __5__ child. Nick was a lovely little boy who suffered from many disorders