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摘要
起重機(jī)械是一種循環(huán)、間歇運(yùn)動的機(jī)械。常用于物品的裝卸。經(jīng)過這些年得發(fā)展，橋式起重機(jī)在現(xiàn)代生產(chǎn)活動中已一個(gè)不可取代的地位。隨著時(shí)代的進(jìn)步，起重機(jī)的自動化程度也逐步提高，從原始的用人和牲畜控制到了現(xiàn)代的機(jī)器控制。因此工廠對起重機(jī)的要求也是逐漸提高。起重機(jī)正面臨著一場改革變化。
起重機(jī)一般指既有起升機(jī)構(gòu)又有水平運(yùn)動機(jī)構(gòu)的起重設(shè)施，這些機(jī)構(gòu)均是起重機(jī)基本的機(jī)械結(jié)構(gòu)。我們一般根據(jù)其不同的水平運(yùn)動形式，將起重機(jī)分為橋式起重機(jī)和臂架式旋轉(zhuǎn)起重機(jī)。本次設(shè)計(jì)中我選用的是橋式起重機(jī)。
根據(jù)設(shè)計(jì)要求，本次設(shè)計(jì)主要是一個(gè)滿足5T承載量的鋼體結(jié)構(gòu)，主要設(shè)計(jì)計(jì)算端梁、主梁的尺寸，并對其進(jìn)行校核，端梁與主梁之間采用法蘭式螺栓連接，并對緩沖器進(jìn)行了選擇和校核。文章后面還對焊接工藝進(jìn)行了選擇和分析。最終完善CAD工程圖以及三維圖，使其在實(shí)際生產(chǎn)操作中能夠準(zhǔn)確穩(wěn)定的完成各項(xiàng)工作，提高生產(chǎn)效率，并成功投入到市場。
關(guān)鍵詞：單梁橋式起重機(jī)；主梁；端梁；法蘭連接；
ABSTRACT
Lifting machinery is a circulating, intermittent movement of machinery. Commonly used in the loading and unloading of items. After these years of development, bridge cranes have an irreplaceable position in modern production activities. With the progress in these years, the degree of automation of the crane has been gradually improved, from the original employment and livestock control to the modern machine control. So the factory requirements for the crane is gradually increased. The crane is facing a reform and change.
Cranes generally refer to hoisting facilities with both lifting and horizontal movements, which are the basic mechanical structures of the crane. We generally divide cranes into bridge cranes and boom-type rotary cranes according to their different levels of movement.
According to the design requirement, This design mainly for a steel structure satisfy 5T load, and determine the size of crane girder and main beam. The size also need to be check and calculate. Bolt connection is used between girder and main beam. And I also choose the buffer, calculate and check whether it meet the design requirements. Finally, the welding process is designed and analyzed. CAD drawing and the graphic being finished, make it accurate and stable in actual production operations to complete the work, improve productivity, and finally being successfully brought on to the market.
Keywords: Single bridge crane；main beam; end beam; flanged coupling