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液壓反鏟裝置設(shè)計
學(xué)生姓名：盧越 班級：078105222
指導(dǎo)老師：邢普
摘 要：本次設(shè)計的題目是液壓挖掘機反鏟裝置機構(gòu)。與其它類型的挖掘機相比，這種類型的挖掘機因有良好通過性能應(yīng)用最廣，對松軟地面或沼澤地帶還可采用加寬、加長以及浮式履帶來降低接地比壓。液壓挖掘機反鏟裝置的主要特點為：反鏟是中小型液壓挖掘機的主要工作裝置。液壓挖掘機的反鏟裝置由動臂，斗桿鏟斗，以及動臂油缸，斗桿油缸，鏟斗油缸和連桿機構(gòu)組成。其構(gòu)造特點是各部件之間的連接全部采用鉸接，通過油缸的伸縮來實現(xiàn)挖掘工作中的各種動作。動臂的小鉸點與回轉(zhuǎn)平臺鉸接，并以動臂油缸來支撐和改變動臂的傾角，通過動臂油缸的伸縮可使動臂繞小鉸點轉(zhuǎn)動而升降。斗桿鉸接于動臂的上端，斗桿與動臂的相對位置由斗桿油缸來控制，當(dāng)斗桿油缸伸縮時，斗桿便可繞動臂上焦鉸點轉(zhuǎn)動。鏟斗與斗桿前端鉸接，并通過鏟斗油缸伸縮使鏟斗繞該點轉(zhuǎn)動。為增大鏟斗的轉(zhuǎn)角，通常以連桿機構(gòu)與鏟斗連接。本次設(shè)計的主要參數(shù)是斗容量0.2m3,它屬于中小型液壓挖掘機，主要設(shè)計挖掘機的工作裝置。
在設(shè)計中，采用了輪胎式行走裝置，來滿足要求。上部轉(zhuǎn)臺是全回轉(zhuǎn)式，因此它可在一個更大的范圍內(nèi)工作。又因采用液壓傳動控制而使整機性能得以改善。與機械式挖掘機相比，其挖掘力提高到2～3倍，整機質(zhì)量約為5噸，挖掘力約為30kN，最大卸載高度約為2.65m，最大挖掘深度4.2m，最大挖掘半徑約為5.728m，從中可以看出整機作業(yè)能力有了很大的改進，不僅挖掘力大，且機器重量輕，傳動平穩(wěn)，作業(yè)效率高，結(jié)構(gòu)緊湊。另外，還對挖掘機的工作裝置提出基于結(jié)構(gòu)推理的機構(gòu)方案創(chuàng)新設(shè)計方法。
關(guān)鍵詞：液壓挖掘機 ；挖掘機構(gòu) ；創(chuàng)新設(shè)計
指導(dǎo)教師簽名：
The design of hydraulic excavator shovel device
Student name: luyue class:0781052
Supervisor:xingpu
ABSTRACT:This designed topic is the marching hydraulic excavator excavational organization. Compared with other types excavators, this kind of type excavator used very universal that because has good through theperformance, also may use to lengthens widens as well as the floating type caterpillar band to reduce pressure for the soft ground or the bogregion.
The hydraulic excavator main characteristic is: The small and medium-sized hydraulic excavator shovel is the main work device. Hydraulic excavator shovel device by the arm, dou stem bucket, and arm oil cylinder, dou rod oil cylinders, the bucket of cylinder and linkage mechanism. Its structure feature is between components All adopt the connection by oil cylinder hinged adjustable to realize the various movements excavation. Moving arm little hinge point and rotary platform, and with hinged arm oil cylinder to support and change the dip Angle, through arm arm Oil cylinder telescopic can make moving arm around small hinge point lifting rotation. Dou lever arm hinged on the upper arm, dou rod and the relative By dou pole position to control oil cylinder, when dou rod oil cylinder telescopic, dou lever arm can be around the upper energizer hinge point rotation. Bucket and measures Rod front-end loader, and through hinged cylinder telescopic made the bucket turning around the point. To increase the bucket corner, usually by connecting rod Institutions and bucket connection. theperformance good,and may make the high speed reverse, the transmission steady,structure simple, may absorb attacks and vibrates, the operation reduces effort, and to be easy to realize the automated control, is easy to realize the standardization, the seriation, the universalization.This designed main parameter is scoop capacity 0.2m3, it is long to the middle and small scale hydraulic excavator, mainly design the excavator，s the work installment and the hydraulic transmissionprinciple.
In the design, used marching walked the installment to satisfied request. Upside the turnplate is the entire rotation , thereof it may work in a greater scope. And further because uses the hydraulicsteering to enable the entire machine performance to improve. Compared with the mechanical type excavator, its excavation strength enhance to 2 ~ 3 times, the entire machine weight approximately is 5 tons,the excavation strength approximately is 30kN, the biggest unloading high approximately is 2.65m, biggest digging depth is 4.2m, the biggest excavation radius approximately is 5.728m, thus can see the entire machine work ability to have the very big improvement, not only excavation strength big, but also machine weight light, transmission steadyly, work efficiency is high, the structure is compact. Moreover, but also proposes to the excavator work installment based on the structureinference organization plan innovation design method.
Key word：Hydraulic pressure excavator?。籈xcavation organization?。籋ydraulic system??；Innovation design
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