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Meeting your ancestors,Unit 5,Section Ⅲ Using Language,Unit 5,Ⅰ.詞匯過(guò)關(guān) 1．____________(n.)意義；意思；重要性；重要意義→__________(adj.)重大的；重要的 2．__________(adv.)以……方式；不知怎么地 3．________(vt.) 吐出(唾液、食物等)；(vi.)吐痰 4．__________(vt.)刪；刪除 5．__________(n.)(刮、抓、劃的)痕跡；搔；撓；(vt.)搔；抓；擦傷；刮壞 6．____________(n.)幼兒園,significance,significant,somehow,spit,delete,scratch,kindergarten,7．____________(adj.)放射性的；有輻射能的 8．__________(n.)分割；劃分；分配；分界線→________(vt.)分開； 分成；分配 9．__________(vi. & vt.)鼓掌歡迎 10．__________(vi. & vt.) 加速；促進(jìn) 11．__________(vt.)逮捕；吸引；(n.) 逮捕；拘留 12．____________(adj.)有技巧的；熟練的→__________(n.)技能；熟練→_______________(adv.),radioactive,division,divide,applaud,accelerate,arrest,skilful/skillful,skill,skilfully/skillfully,Ⅱ.短語(yǔ)自查 1．________ 由于；因?yàn)?2．____________ 代表 3．__________ 查閱；參考；談到 4．__________________ 輪流做某事 5．____________ 受夠了；飽受；厭煩 6．_______________ 擔(dān)心；煩惱 7．__________ 但愿；要是……就好了 8．____________ 向前看；為將來(lái)打算 9．______________ 時(shí)而；不時(shí)地 10．______________ 追溯到……,due to,on behalf of,refer to,take turns to do sth,fed up with,be worried about,if only,look ahead,now and then,date back/from,Ⅲ.經(jīng)典句式 1．If only she _____________ ahead and ________ better this year! 她今年要是早有預(yù)見(jiàn)，計(jì)劃得更好些就好了。 2．____________ wolves howling in the forest, Lala accelerated her walk up the path to the caves fearing that there might be wild beasts lying in wait for her. 聽(tīng)見(jiàn)狼群在森林里嚎叫，拉拉加快了回洞穴的步伐，擔(dān)心會(huì)有野獸在等著她。,3．Abruptly she sat down, ____________________ by her laughing, shouting sister, Luna. 突然間她坐了下來(lái)，但又被她那又笑又喊的妹妹盧娜一把抱了起來(lái)。 答案：1.had looked；planned 2.Having heard 3.only to be scooped up,Ⅳ.語(yǔ)篇理解 Choose the best answers according to the text 1. This text is mainly an imaginative story about a family feast of ________. A. a boy B. a man C. a girl of the earliest people D. a modern girl,2. From the first paragraph, we can learn that the family groups mainly lived on ________. A. fish B. hunting C. crops D. farming 3. Lala's guests came to ________. A. dance B. talk about an important thing C. enjoy a feast D. see Lala,4. Dahu went out to sharpen the scrapers to________. A. kill an enemy B. use them as weapons C. cut up the meat D. cut stones 5. From the text we can infer that family groups ________. A. lived together B. lived far away C. lived in the same cave D. lived separately 答案：1～5 CBCCD,1.applaud vi. & vt. 鼓掌歡迎；贊賞 ①They kept applauding long after the curtain came down. 落幕之后，他們?nèi)蚤L(zhǎng)時(shí)間鼓掌。 ②The audience warmly applauded the performers. 觀眾向演員們熱烈鼓掌。 ③They applauded him for his courage. 他們因他的勇氣而稱贊他。 注意：applaud sb./sth. 向某人/某事鼓掌表示歡迎或贊賞 applaud sb. for sth. 因某事贊賞某人,知識(shí)拓展 applause n. 鼓掌；喝彩；夸獎(jiǎng)；贊揚(yáng) win the applause of. 贏得……的掌聲 ①There was continued applause. 掌聲經(jīng)久不息。 ②The audience broke into rapturous applause. 聽(tīng)眾中爆發(fā)出一片歡呼喝彩聲。 ③His good conduct deserves applause. 他的優(yōu)良品行值得稱贊。 ④His speech won the applause of the audience. 他的講話贏得了聽(tīng)眾的掌聲。,活學(xué)活用 (1)補(bǔ)全句子 ①People all______ ________ ________ ________ ________ (稱贊他的勇敢)． ②The audience all stood up and ________ ________ ________ (為那位演講者鼓掌)． 答案：①applauded him for his bravery ②applauded the speaker,(2)單項(xiàng)填空 When the space heroes came out of the capsule, all the viewers ________ them in delight. A．a(chǎn)dapted B．a(chǎn)ccepted C．a(chǎn)pplauded D．a(chǎn)dopted 答案：C 句意為“當(dāng)太空英雄從太空艙中走出來(lái)時(shí)，所有的觀眾都高興地鼓起掌來(lái)表示歡迎”。adapt “適應(yīng)，改編”；accept“接受”；applaud “鼓掌”；adopt“采納”。,2．a(chǎn)ccelerate vi. & vt. 加速；促進(jìn) ①The car accelerated on the downhill road. 汽車在下山的路上加速行駛。 ②She accelerated her car and passed the bus in front. 她加快車速超過(guò)了前面的公共汽車。 ③The new policy accelerated the fall of the government. 新政策的出臺(tái)加速了該政府的倒臺(tái)。,知識(shí)拓展 acceleration n. 加速；加快；加速的幅度；加速能力；加速度 accelerator n. (汽車的)油門；加速器 ①It captures a five-second history of speed, acceleration and braking. 它能記錄5秒鐘內(nèi)汽車的速度、加速和剎車情況。 ②The driver pressed on the accelerator, savagely roaring the engine. 司機(jī)踩下油門踏板，引擎轟鳴。,活學(xué)活用 These days the government has issued several economic policies that will ________ prosperity of manufacturing industry. A．a(chǎn)ccumulate B．a(chǎn)ccomplish C．a(chǎn)ccess D．a(chǎn)ccelerate 答案：D accumulate“積累”；accomplish“完成，實(shí)現(xiàn)”；access “進(jìn)入，通過(guò)”；accelerate “加速”。句意為“這些日子政府已通過(guò)了幾項(xiàng)經(jīng)濟(jì)政策，這些政策能夠促進(jìn)制造業(yè)的繁榮”。根據(jù)題意，選D項(xiàng)。,3．a(chǎn)rrest vt. 逮捕；吸引 n．逮捕；拘留 ①He got arrested for robbing. 他因搶劫被逮捕。 ②He was arrested for causing a serious car accident. 他因造成嚴(yán)重車禍而被逮捕。 ③An unusual noise arrested my attention. 一陣不尋常的嘈雜聲引起了我的注意。 ④The police made several arrests during the football match. 警方在足球賽時(shí)逮捕了一些人。,,知識(shí)拓展 arrest sb. for因……而逮捕某人 get arrested 被逮捕 arrest one's attention 引起某人的注意 under arrest 在關(guān)押中 make an arrest 進(jìn)行拘捕,活學(xué)活用 (1)補(bǔ)全句子 燦爛的燈光吸引了這個(gè)男孩的注意力。 The bright lights ________ ________ ________ ________. 答案：arrested the boy's attention,(2)The agent was ________ for carrying a false passport. A．a(chǎn)rrested B．a(chǎn)ccused C．charged D．suspected 答案：A 句意：那個(gè)代理商因使用假護(hù)照而被捕。arrest“逮捕”，be arrested for.“因……而被捕”；be accused of.“因……被指控”；be charged with“被控告……”；be suspected with.“被懷疑……”。根據(jù)題意選A項(xiàng)。,4．skilful adj. 有技巧的；熟練的 If he was a more skilful player, he would have scored more points. 如果他是一個(gè)更有技巧的表演者，那他將獲得更多分。 知識(shí)拓展 be skilful at (doing)sth. 擅長(zhǎng)(做)某事 skilfully adv. 熟練地 She is quite skilful at dealing with difficult customers. 她擅長(zhǎng)對(duì)付苛刻的顧客。,比較網(wǎng)站 skilful, skilled,Linda's father is a skilled mechanic so she has become skilful at repairing bicycles too. 琳達(dá)的父親是個(gè)技術(shù)嫻熟的機(jī)械師，因而她很會(huì)修理自行車。,活學(xué)活用 選詞填空 (1)The new method was popular and many peasants became very ________ at it. (2)________ craftsmen, such as carpenters, are in great demand. (3)Most of the ________ jobs were done by men. (4)The artist is so ________ with his hands that people are amazed. 答案：(1)skilful (2)Skilled (3)skilled (4)skilful,1.look ahead 向前看；為將來(lái)打算 ①Look ahead. What can you see on the top of the hill? 向前看，你看見(jiàn)山頂上有什么東西？ ②Young people often look ahead to the future while the elderly look back on the past. 青年人常思將來(lái)，老年人常思既往。,知識(shí)拓展 look down upon/on 看不起，歧視 look forward to 盼望，期望 look into 調(diào)查，研究 look through 溫習(xí)，仔細(xì)檢查，瀏覽 look up 查閱 look up to 尊敬，敬仰,①The government will look into how to reduce unemployment rate. 政府將研究如何降低失業(yè)率。 ②My father certainly has great influence on me and I always look up to him. 我父親對(duì)我有極深遠(yuǎn)的影響，我一直很尊敬他。,活學(xué)活用 (1)用合適的look詞組填空 ①We should ________________________ and spare a thought for future generations. ②Mr. Smith had taught for many years, and all students ____________________________ him. ③You should ____________________________ your notes before the examination. ④We'll ______________________ the matter first before coming to a decision.,答案：①look ahead ②look up to ③look through ④look into,(2)—________ and you will get a good chance.I'm sure that you will make great progress. —Thank you. A．Look ahead B．Well done C．Come on D．No problem 答案：A 句意：“向前看，你會(huì)得到好機(jī)會(huì)。我相信你將取得很大的進(jìn)步。”“謝謝?！眑ook ahead“向前看；為將來(lái)打算”，符合題意。well done“干得好”；come on“快點(diǎn)；加油”；no problem“沒(méi)問(wèn)題”。,2．date back to.“追溯到……，始于”，相當(dāng)于date from。 ①M(fèi)y family has a vase, which is said to date back to the Ming Dynasty. 我家有個(gè)花瓶，據(jù)說(shuō)是從明代傳下來(lái)的。 ②Tomb Sweeping Day dates back to the Spring and Autumn Period. 清明節(jié)可以追溯到春秋時(shí)代。,③The cultural relic discovered lately dates from the Qing Dynasty. 最近發(fā)現(xiàn)的文物屬于清朝。 注意：date back to和date from常用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，而且無(wú)被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。,知識(shí)拓展 up to date 最近的；跟上時(shí)代的 out of date 過(guò)時(shí)的；廢棄的 ①Just like your anti-virus, you have to keep your firewall up to date. 就像你的反病毒程序，你要保持你的防火墻是最新的。 ②All our information is kept right up to date on the computer. 我們貯存在計(jì)算機(jī)里的所有信息都跟得上時(shí)代的發(fā)展。 ③The timetable is out of date. 這張時(shí)間表過(guò)期了。,比較網(wǎng)站 date back to, date back,The history of their family dates back hundreds of years; the house where they live dates back to the 18th century. 他們的家族已有幾百年的歷史；他們住的房子始建于18世紀(jì)。,活學(xué)活用 (1)漢譯英 這座建筑是1823年所建。 ________________________________________________ 答案：This building dates back to 1823.,(2)The traditional friendship between our two peoples ________ ancient times. A．is dated back to B．dates at C．dates back to D．is dated from 答案：C 考查date的用法。句意：我們兩個(gè)民族的傳統(tǒng)友誼始于古代。date back to/from始于，該詞組無(wú)被動(dòng)無(wú)進(jìn)行且經(jīng)常用現(xiàn)在時(shí)，故選C項(xiàng)。,(3)My interest in English ________ the time when I met a good English teacher in junior middle school. A．dates from B．dated back to C．dates back D．dated from 答案：A 句意為“我對(duì)英語(yǔ)的興趣可追溯到我上初中遇到的一個(gè)好英語(yǔ)老師的時(shí)候”。date from和date back to 常用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，故排除B、D兩項(xiàng)。date back to＝date from意為“追溯到”，故選A項(xiàng)。,1.Worried about the preparations for her feast, Lala quickly turned for home with her collection of nuts, melons and other fruit. 拉拉擔(dān)心她這次盛宴的準(zhǔn)備工作，所以趕緊把堅(jiān)果，甜瓜和其他水果收集起來(lái)就快步回家了。 worried about the preparations for her feast為過(guò)去分詞短語(yǔ)作狀語(yǔ)，用來(lái)描述主語(yǔ)的狀態(tài)。,①Buried in his homework, he didn't notice it was 10 o'clock. 忙于他的作業(yè)，他沒(méi)注意到已經(jīng)10點(diǎn)了。,,②Devoted to his research, he has no time to watch TV, so he doesn't know what has happened to Japan. 致力于他的研究，他沒(méi)時(shí)間看電視，因此他不知道近來(lái)日本發(fā)生了什么事。 注意：有些動(dòng)詞或動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)常用過(guò)去分詞形式作狀語(yǔ)，用來(lái)描述主語(yǔ)的狀態(tài)。這些詞有excite，tire，frighten，absorb，surprise，shock，satisfy，exhaust等。,活學(xué)活用 (1)補(bǔ)全句子 ①________ (精疲力竭), he lay on the grass. ②He turned away, ________ (滿意的)． 答案：①Exhausted ②satisfied,(2)________ to the Internet, he didn't study at all. A．Addict B．Addicted C．Be addicted D．Addicting 答案：B 句意：沉溺于網(wǎng)絡(luò)，他一點(diǎn)也不學(xué)習(xí)了。be addicted to.“沉溺于……”，addicted to為過(guò)去分詞短語(yǔ)作狀語(yǔ)，用以說(shuō)明主語(yǔ)的狀態(tài)。因此選B項(xiàng)。,2．If only she had looked ahead and planned better this year! 她今年要是早有預(yù)見(jiàn)，計(jì)劃得更好些就好了！ if only.意為“要是……就好了，但愿……”，其后的句子常用虛擬語(yǔ)氣，表達(dá)強(qiáng)烈的愿望或遺憾。if only所在的句子可以用一般過(guò)去時(shí)(表示與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反的虛擬)、過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)(表示與將來(lái)事實(shí)相反的虛擬)或過(guò)去完成時(shí)(表示與過(guò)去事實(shí)相反的虛擬)。 If only my mother were with me now! 要是我母親現(xiàn)在和我在一起就好了！,If only he would reply to my letter! 要是他能給我回信就好了！ 注意：“If only＋句子”是一個(gè)固定句型，表示一種愿望，意為“要是……就好了，但愿……”。 ①“if only. could/would＋do.”表示與將來(lái)事實(shí)相反的愿望。 If only we could afford to buy a house of our own. 我們要是能買得起屬于我們的房子就好了。 ②“if only. did.”表示與目前或現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反的愿望。 If only you knew how hard I've tried to please you. 真希望你能了解我費(fèi)了多大的勁來(lái)逗你開心。,③“if only. had done.”表示與過(guò)去事實(shí)相反的愿望。 If only you had come to help us yesterday! 你要是昨天來(lái)幫我們就好了！,比較網(wǎng)站 if only，only if,活學(xué)活用 (1)用if only, only if 填空 ①__________________ we could afford to buy a car of our own. ②__________________ you knew how hard I've tried to please you. ③____________________ the boss has given permission is a worker allowed to leave the place. 答案：①If only ②If only ③Only if,(2)Look at the trouble I am in! If only I ________ your advice. A．followed B．would follow C．had followed D．should follow 答案：C if only表示“如果……就好了”，表示與事實(shí)相反，條件意味強(qiáng)烈，其謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞常用虛擬語(yǔ)氣。此句表示過(guò)去的動(dòng)作，應(yīng)選用過(guò)去完成時(shí)。,3．Having heard wolves howling in the forest, Lala accelerated her walk up the path to the caves fearing that there might be wild beasts lying in wait for her. 聽(tīng)見(jiàn)狼群在森林里嚎叫，拉拉加快了回洞穴的步伐，擔(dān)心會(huì)有野獸在等著她。 此句中多處用了現(xiàn)在分詞?！癏aving heard wolves howling in the forest”為現(xiàn)在分詞的完成式在句中作原因狀語(yǔ)，其中“howling in the forest”為現(xiàn)在分詞短語(yǔ)作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)；而“fearing that.”在句中作伴隨狀語(yǔ)，其中that從句為動(dòng)詞fear的賓語(yǔ)；從句中的“l(fā)ying in wait for her”為分詞短語(yǔ)作后置定語(yǔ)修飾wild beasts。,Having finished his report, Tom went to the playground to play basketball. 完成了他的報(bào)告，湯姆去操場(chǎng)打籃球了。 I saw him talking with his teacher just now. 剛才我看見(jiàn)他正和他老師談話。 They walked on the road to the library, talking and laughing. 他們走在去圖書館的路上，說(shuō)說(shuō)笑笑。 This is the dog barking just now. 這就是剛才叫喚的那只狗。,注意：現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語(yǔ)，其邏輯主語(yǔ)是句子的主語(yǔ)，它與主語(yǔ)之間構(gòu)成主謂關(guān)系；現(xiàn)在分詞作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)，與賓語(yǔ)有邏輯上的主謂關(guān)系；現(xiàn)在分詞作定語(yǔ)，與所修飾的名詞有邏輯上的主謂關(guān)系。,活學(xué)活用 (1)________ to reach them on the phone, we sent an email instead. A．Fail B．Failed C．To fail D．Having failed 答案：D 句意：我們沒(méi)能與他們?nèi)〉秒娫捖?lián)系，所以我們發(fā)了一封電子郵件。因?yàn)榉衷~動(dòng)作是由句中主語(yǔ)we發(fā)出，并且該動(dòng)作又發(fā)生在謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞sent之前，故要用現(xiàn)在分詞的完成式作原因狀語(yǔ)，相當(dāng)于as we had failed to reach them on the phone。,(2)People sat together, ________ another earthquake in Japan. A．talked about B．talking about C．having talked about D．to talk about 答案：B 句意：人們坐在一起，談?wù)撝l(fā)生在日本的又一次地震。從句意看，此處應(yīng)為現(xiàn)在分詞短語(yǔ)作伴隨狀語(yǔ)，不表完成，也不表將來(lái)，因此B項(xiàng)符合題意。,4．She had almost reached her destination when a delicious smell arrested her progress and she stopped. 快到達(dá)目的地的時(shí)候，一陣香氣撲鼻，她停下來(lái)，不往前走了。 句中“had done.when.”是一個(gè)常用句型，意為“(剛)做完了……就在那時(shí)……”。,when表示“就在那時(shí)”時(shí)，常見(jiàn)句式及意義如下：,,①He was talking about his plans when suddenly the lights went off. 他還在喋喋不休地講著他的計(jì)劃，這時(shí)燈突然滅了。 ②I was about to go to bed when someone knocked at the door. 我正要上床睡覺(jué)，這時(shí)有人敲門。 ③We had hardly arrived when it began to snow. 我們剛到就開始下雨了。,活學(xué)活用 (1)She had just finished her homework ________ her mother asked her to practice playing the piano yesterday. A．when B．while C．a(chǎn)fter D．since 答案：A 句意：昨天，她剛一做完作業(yè)母親就讓她練習(xí)彈鋼琴。sb. had just done sth. when.“某人剛……就……”，when屬于并列連詞，前面的分句為when分句提供了時(shí)間背景。while后的從句動(dòng)詞用延續(xù)性的；after“……之后”；since“自從……”。,(2)On a rainy day I was driving north through Vermont ________ I noticed a young man holding up a sign reading “Boston”． A．which B．while C．when D．a(chǎn)s 答案：C 句意：在一個(gè)雨天我正開車沿佛蒙特向北行駛，這時(shí)我注意到一個(gè)年輕人正舉著一個(gè)寫著“波士頓”的牌子。when“在這時(shí)”。其他選項(xiàng)無(wú)此意。因此C項(xiàng)符合題意。,5．He chose one large stone and began to use it like a hammer striking the edge of the scraper that needed sharpening. 他選了一大塊石頭，把它當(dāng)作錘子敲打一個(gè)需要磨快的石刮刀邊沿。 (1)本句中and連接兩個(gè)并列謂語(yǔ)；that引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句修飾先行詞scraper。,(2)句中needed sharpening中的sharpening是動(dòng)名詞的主動(dòng)形式表示被動(dòng)意義，英語(yǔ)中need，want，require等動(dòng)詞后可以接動(dòng)名詞的主動(dòng)形式表示被動(dòng)意義，也可以用動(dòng)詞不定式的被動(dòng)形式表示被動(dòng)意義。 The house needs cleaning/to be cleaned. 這所房子需要打掃一下。 The sentence wants explaining/to be explained again. 這個(gè)句子需要再解釋一遍。 知識(shí)拓展 在英語(yǔ)表達(dá)當(dāng)中有很多用的是主動(dòng)形式，但表達(dá)的意義卻是被動(dòng)的，現(xiàn)總結(jié)如下：,①表示感受、感官的連系動(dòng)詞feel，sound，taste，look等在主系表結(jié)構(gòu)中常以主動(dòng)形式表示被動(dòng)含義。 The mixture tasted terrible. 這種混合物嘗起來(lái)味道很不好。 ②表達(dá)事物行為、方式的動(dòng)詞open，shut，lock，sell，write，wash等習(xí)慣上以主動(dòng)形式表示被動(dòng)含義。 This kind of cloth washes well. 這種布料很好洗。 The new door won't open. 新門打不開。,③“be＋形容詞＋不定式”結(jié)構(gòu)常表示被動(dòng)含義。 The problem is hard to solve. 這問(wèn)題很難解決。 ④be on show, be on sale, be under discussion等表被動(dòng)意義。 Summer clothes are on sale. 夏裝正在出售。 ⑤“be worth doing”結(jié)構(gòu)表示被動(dòng)含義。 The film is worth seeing. 這部電影值得一看。,⑥“不定式作后置定語(yǔ)”結(jié)構(gòu)表示被動(dòng)含義。 Would you like something to drink? 你想喝點(diǎn)什么嗎？,活學(xué)活用 (1)用恰當(dāng)形式填空 Many buildings in the city need ________， but the one ________ first is the library.(repair) 答案：repairing; to be repaired 第一空sth. need repairing相當(dāng)于sth. need to be repaired主動(dòng)形式表示被動(dòng)意義。第二空用不定式作定語(yǔ)表示時(shí)間上的“將來(lái)”。,(2)As a result of the serious flood, two-thirds of the buildings in the area ________. A．need repairing B．needs to repair C．needs repairing D．need to repair 答案：A 考查主謂一致和非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。分?jǐn)?shù)、百分?jǐn)?shù)修飾名詞，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的單復(fù)數(shù)取決于名詞，此處two-thirds修飾buildings，故謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞取決于名詞復(fù)數(shù)buildings，排除B、C兩項(xiàng)；need doing＝need to be done意為“需要被做”，故答案為A項(xiàng)。,6．Abruptly she sat down, only to be scooped up by her laughing, shouting sister, Luna. 突然她坐了下來(lái)，結(jié)果被她的又笑又喊的妹妹盧娜一把抱了起來(lái)。 本句中only to be scooped up.作結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)，強(qiáng)調(diào)意想不到的結(jié)果。 ①He woke up only to find everyone gone. 他醒了過(guò)來(lái)結(jié)果發(fā)現(xiàn)大家都走了。 ②She returned home only to find that no one was at home. 她回到家，才發(fā)現(xiàn)家里沒(méi)有一個(gè)人。,比較網(wǎng)站 不定式在句子中作結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)，強(qiáng)調(diào)意料之外的結(jié)果，要注意不定式與句子主語(yǔ)的關(guān)系，是主謂關(guān)系的，用主動(dòng)式，是被動(dòng)關(guān)系的，用動(dòng)詞不定式的被動(dòng)式；而v.-ing形式在句子中作結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)，強(qiáng)調(diào)自然的、必然的結(jié)果。 The fire was too big and out of control, burning the whole building down. 火太大并失去了控制，把整座樓都燒倒了。,活學(xué)活用 (1)補(bǔ)全句子 ①他學(xué)習(xí)這么用功，結(jié)果竟然考試失利。 He studied hard ________ ________ ________ in the exam. ②Many highways have been built in China, ________ ________ ________ (使……更容易) for people to travel from one place to another. 答案：①only to fail ②making it easier,(2)Last summer holiday, I went back to my hometown, ________ the neighbors and the house ________ I used to be familiar with were gone. A．only finding; which B．only to find; that C．only to find; whom D．found; that 答案：B 考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞和定語(yǔ)從句。句意：去年暑假，我回到了家鄉(xiāng)結(jié)果發(fā)現(xiàn)過(guò)去我熟悉的鄰居和房子都不見(jiàn)了。only＋不定式表示意料不到的結(jié)果，且先行詞既有人又有物時(shí)用that引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句，故選B項(xiàng)。,單 元 寫 作,如何描述事物 寫作指導(dǎo) 本單元的寫作任務(wù)是對(duì)某物進(jìn)行介紹，說(shuō)明其外形、顏色、形狀、用途等。在說(shuō)的基礎(chǔ)上落筆成文，這就是一種描寫文。,描寫文(Description)是使敘述形象化的一種寫作方法，就描寫對(duì)象而言，描寫可分為人物描寫、景物描寫、場(chǎng)面描寫等；就描寫的方式而言，描寫可分為主觀描寫和客觀描寫。所謂主觀描寫，就是在描述人或事物的特征或特性時(shí)，也可把自己對(duì)此人或此事的看法表現(xiàn)出來(lái)，從而激發(fā)讀者的感情?？陀^描寫是就事論事，是一種真實(shí)的報(bào)道，目的在于告訴不能親眼看見(jiàn)描寫對(duì)象的讀者景物的真實(shí)情況。,描寫文的寫法多種多樣，可以先從具體描寫某一事物開始，然后再泛寫與之相關(guān)的其他事物。也可以先寫不重要的事物，最后重點(diǎn)突出所要描寫的事物。也可以按照事物所處的空間順序，如前后左右等，來(lái)描述事物。要靈活運(yùn)用各種修辭方法，根據(jù)需要恰當(dāng)?shù)剡\(yùn)用比喻、擬人、夸張等修辭手法，使描述更生動(dòng)、形象，更好地說(shuō)明問(wèn)題。 寫描寫文應(yīng)注意以下幾個(gè)方面： 1．明確描寫目的，描寫只起修飾作用。 2．要抓住人或事的特點(diǎn)。 3．要充分發(fā)揮聯(lián)想的能力，并采用一些比喻、擬人等修辭描寫手段，從多方面表現(xiàn)事物的特征，喚起讀者的想象。,[常用句型] Thought to be the world's oldest., it has been discovered. It could be the first evidence of. It dates back to at least. It was constructed more than. It was first discovered. Large numbers of. have been discovered in. The discovery of. was further evidence that. Further evidence that. came with the discovery of. The first sign of civilization in. dates back to around.,It means that. It is generally considered/thought. The mystery of. remains unknown/uncertain. It is well preserved.,話題導(dǎo)入 假設(shè)你是李華。上周末你參加了國(guó)家博物館，并對(duì)一尊商朝時(shí)期的酒器——爵，很感興趣。請(qǐng)你根據(jù)以下提示，寫一篇英文短文在英語(yǔ)課上給同學(xué)們介紹一下爵。 名稱：爵 發(fā)現(xiàn)地：河南安陽(yáng) 時(shí)期：商朝 材料：青銅,,描述：17.1厘米高，三條腿，中間U形部分是酒杯，上有花紋，在一旁有一個(gè)柄 用途：飲酒器具，是權(quán)力的象征 意義：飲酒器外觀十分漂亮，說(shuō)明它已經(jīng)經(jīng)歷了較長(zhǎng)的發(fā)展過(guò)程；同時(shí)也說(shuō)明了當(dāng)時(shí)人們制作青銅器的高超工藝水平和較高的生活和文化水平。 注意：1.詞數(shù)100左右；2.開頭已給出，可適當(dāng)增加細(xì)節(jié)。,參考詞匯；爵Jue；器具vessel Hello，everyone， Last weekend，I visited the National Museum.What I'm most interested in is a type of drinking vessel. ________________________________________________ ________________________________________________ ________________________________________________ ________________________________________________ ________________________________________________ ________________________________________________ ________________________________________________,寫作詞匯熱身 1．被發(fā)現(xiàn)__________________________ 2．被用來(lái)__________________________ 3．權(quán)力的象征__________________________ 答案：1.be discovered 2.be used to 3.a symbol of authority,參考范文： Hello,_everyone， ______Last_weekend,_I_visited_the_National_Museum._What_I'm_most_interested_in_is_a_type_of_drinking_vessel. This vessel, called Jue, was first discovered in Anyang, Henan Province, which was made of bronze. The vessel is 17.1 cm high and has three legs. The middle part, which is a U-shaped body, is the cup of the vessel and it is decorated with carved patterns. There is a handle at one side.,It was used to drink during the Shang Dynasty and was a symbol of authority. The vessel is very beautiful and smart. It shows the high level skills at bronze craftsmanship of people at that time. It also shows that the people had a fairly high standard of living and culture of their own. 名師點(diǎn)評(píng) 1．本文格式正確，結(jié)構(gòu)合理，條理清楚。 2．文中多次運(yùn)用定語(yǔ)從句，顯示出作者對(duì)語(yǔ)言的較強(qiáng)駕馭能力。,Ⅰ.單詞拼寫 1. The girls were eating away at the m__________ seeds, chatting. 2. The w____________ on his face signified that he had lived a hard life. 3. From the p__________ condition of his collaterals, he is very well. 4. The pupils that had been watching started to a__________. 5. The h________ of the wolves gave the lonely traveler a feeling of fear.,6. The car a________ away and was soon just a speck on the horizon. 7. S________ are their tools for hunting. 8. Frankly, I've been in the boat for hours and I'm feeling d__________. 9. A piece of writing without any p__________ is difficult to understand. 10. Mary，I've never seen your husband so g________. 答案：1. melon 2. wrinkles 3. pulse 4. applaud 5. howl 6. accelerated 7. Spears 8. dizzy 9. punctuation 10. gay,Ⅱ.選詞填空 1. Little did I know what troubles were ____________________ for me when I got home. 2. If you look after it, your CD player should remain ______________________ for a number of years. 3. They've been friends for long and their friendship________________________ the 1970s.,,4. The tailor ________________________ a large piece of cloth to make one shirt for me and two for my sister. 5. We must ______________________ before we go further in the matter. 6. I'm ________________________ this food; it's time we had some change. 答案：1.lying in wait 2.in good condition 3.dates back to 4.cut up 5.look ahead 6.fed up with,Ⅲ.語(yǔ)篇理解,答案：1.mother 2.wolves 3.hunger 4.stone scrapers 5．toolmaker 6.square 7.fish 8.stone 9.meat 10.animal skins,