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2019-2020年高考英語二輪復(fù)習(xí)題型重組第二十三組 閱讀理解 A “OK，” I said to my daughter as she bent over her afternoon bowl of rice. “What’s going on with you and your friend J．？” J. is the leader of a group of third-graders at her camp—a position Lucy herself occupied the previous summer. Now she’s_the_one_on_the_outs,_and every day at snack time, she tells me all about it, while I offer the unhelpful advice all summer long. “She’s fond of giving orders，” Lucy plained. “She’s turning everyone against me. She’s mean. She’s bad at math. She’s terrible at kickball.And she’s fat.” “Excuse me，” I said, struggling for calm.“What did you just say？”“She’s fat，” Lucy mumbled(含糊地說) into her bowl. “We’re going upstairs ，” I said, my voice cold. “We are going to discuss this.” And up we went. I’d spent the nine years since her birth getting ready for this day，the day we’d have to have the conversation about this horrible word. I knew exactly what to say to the girl on the receiving end of the teasing (嘲笑), but in all of my imaginings, it never once occurred to me that my daughter would be the one who used the F word—Fat. My daughter sat on her bed, and I sat beside her. “How would you feel if someone made fun of you for something that wasn’t your fault？”I began. “She could stop eating so much，” Lucy mumbled, mouthing the simple advice a thousand doctors and well-meaning friends and relatives have given overweight women for years. “It’s not always that easy，” I said. “Everyone’s different in terms of how they treat food.”Lucy looked at me, waiting for me to go on.I opened my mouth, and then closed it. Should I tell her that, in teasing a woman’s weight, she’s joined the long, proud tradition of critics who go after any woman with whom they disagree by starting with “you’re ugly”and ending with “no man would want you and there must be something wrong with any man who does”？ Should I tell her I didn’t cry when someone posted my picture and mented, “I’m sorry, but aren’t authors who write books marketed to young women supposed to be pretty？” Does she need to know, now, that life isn’t fair? I feel her eyes on me, waiting for an answer I don’t have. Words are my tools. Stories are my job. It’s possible she’ll remember what I say forever, and I have no idea what to say. So I tell her the only thing I can e up with that is absolutely true. I say to my daughter，“I love you, and there is nothing you could ever do to make me not love you. But I’m disappointed in you right now. There are plenty of reasons for not liking someone. What she looks like isn’t one of them.” Lucy nods, tears on her cheeks.“I won’t say that again，”she tells me, and I pull her close, pressing my nose against her hair. We are both quiet, and I don’t know if I have said the right thing. So as we sit there together, shoulder to shoulder, I pray for her to be smart. I pray for her to be strong. I pray for her to find friends, work she loves, a partner who loves her, and for the world not to deprive(剝奪) her of the things that make her who she is, for her life to be easy, and for her to have the strength to handle it when it’s not. And still, always, I pray that she will never struggle as I’ve struggled, and that weight will never be her cross to bear. She may not be able to use the word in our home, but I can use it in my head. I pray that she will never get fat. 1．The underlined sentence in Paragraph 1 indicates that Lucy ________． A．often makes fun of her friend J. B．has turned against her friend J. C．gets along well with her friend J. D．has begun to pete with her friend J. 2．Why does the author want to discuss with Lucy? A．Because she wants to offer some other helpful advice. B．Because she has prepared the conversation for nine years. C．Because she is really shocked at Lucy’s rudeness. D．Because she decides to tell Lucy a similar story of her own. 3．What does the author want to tell her daughter? A. It is not easy to take the doctors’ advice to eat less. B．People shouldn’t plain because life is unfair. C．She herself was once laughed at for her appearance. D．People shouldn’t be blamed for their appearance. 4．It can be inferred from the passage that ________． A．the author earns a living by writing stories B．the author is a fat but good-looking woman C．the author will stop loving her daughter for what she said D．the author’s daughter agreed with her from the very beginning 5．We can learn from the last paragraph that ________． A．Lucy was deeply moved by her mother’s prayer B．a(chǎn) mother’s prayer will shape her daughter’s attitude towards life C．the author allows her daughter to use the F word in her head D．the author hopes her daughter will never have weight trouble 6．The author’s attitude towards her daughter can be best described as ________． A．loving but strict B．indifferent but patient C．satisfied and friendly D．unsatisfied and angry B Eating at a slow speed may help reduce hunger, U．S.researchers said Monday. Previous research suggests that the ability to control energy intake may be affected by the speed at which we eat, and a high eating rate may damage the relationship between the sensory(感官的) signals and processes that control how much we eat. In order to learn more about the link between eating speed and energy intake, researchers at the Texas Christian University examined how eating speed affects calories consumed during a meal in both normal weight subjects as well as overweight subjects. In the new study, a group of normal-weight subjects and a group of overweight were asked to consume two meals in a controlled environment.All subjects ate one meal slowly, instructed to imagine that they had no time limits, take small bites, chew thoroughly, and pause and put the spoon down between bites, and a second meal quickly, instructed to imagine that they had a time limit, take large bites, chew quickly, and not pause or put the spoon down. At the conclusion of the study, the researchers found only normal-weight subjects had a statistically(數(shù)據(jù)地) significant reduction in caloric consumption by eating slowly. They consumed 88 kcal less when they ate a meal slowly while the overweight group consumed only 58 kcal less. “Slowing the speed of eating led to a significant reduction in energy intake in the normal-weight group, but not in the overweight group.A lack of statistical significance in the overweight group may be partly due to the fact that they consumed less food during both eating conditions pared to the normal-weight subjects，” lead author Meena Shah, professor at the Texas Christian University, said in a statement.“It is possible that the overweight subjects felt more self-conscious, and thus ate less during the study.” Despite the differences in caloric consumption between the normal-weight and overweight subjects, the study found some similarities.Both groups felt less hungry later on after the slow meal than after the fast meal.“In both groups, ratings of hunger were significantly lower at 60 minutes from when the meal began during the slow pared to the fast eating condition，”added Shah.“These results indicate that greater hunger suppression(抑制) among both groups could be expected from a meal that is consumed more slowly.” Also, both the normal weight and overweight groups consumed more water during the slow meal.“Water consumption was higher during the slow pared to the fast eating condition by 27 percent in the normal weight and 33 percent in the overweight group.The higher water intake during the slow eating condition probably caused stomach upset and may have affected food consumption，” said Shah. According to Shah, slowing the speed of eating may help suppress hunger levels and “may even improve the enjoyment of a meal”． 7．We can learn from the passage that people who eat slowly tend to ________． A．damage the sensory signals B．take in less food C．feel hungry D．control which food to eat 8．In the study, two groups of subjects are asked to ________． A．slow the speed of eating B．speed up while eating C．eat two meals, one quickly and the other slowly D．put the spoon down occasionally 9．There is no significant reduction in energy intake in the overweight group partly because ________． A．they take in less food during both conditions B．they are so fat that they seldom feel hungry C．they are too fat to consume delicious food D．they take large bites and chew quickly 10．What can we learn from the last three paragraphs? A．The study finds no similarities between two groups. B．The slow meal leads to more water consumption. C．It is good for one’s body to drink water during meals. D．Slowing the speed of eating spoil the enjoyment of a meal. 11．The method used in the study is ________． A．field investigation B．experiment and parison C．case study D．observation and analysis 閱讀理解 A 1．解析：選B。句意理解題。根據(jù)第一段可知，J.成了夏令營隊(duì)長，而去年的隊(duì)長是Lucy；根據(jù)第二段可知，Lucy一直抱怨J.。由此可知，該句暗示了Lucy已經(jīng)反對她的朋友J.了。 2．解析：選C。推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段可知，Lucy抱怨J.并說J.胖；根據(jù)第三段中的“we’d have to have the conversation about this horrible word...it never once occurred to me that my daughter would be the one who used the F word—Fat”可知，作者沒想到Lucy會用“胖”這個(gè)詞來嘲笑別人，因此覺得有必要和她談?wù)劇? 3．解析：選D。細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段的最后兩句“There are plenty of reasons for not liking someone.What she looks like isn’t one of them.”可知，作者想告訴女兒人們不應(yīng)該因?yàn)樗麄兊耐饷捕艿截?zé)備。 4．解析：選A。推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第三段中的“Words are my tools.Stories are my job.”可推知，作者以寫故事謀生。 5．解析：選D。細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段的最后一句“I pray that she will never get fat.”可知，作者希望她的女兒永遠(yuǎn)不會變胖，永遠(yuǎn)沒有體重問題。 6．解析：選A。作者態(tài)度題。通過作者對女兒說的話以及為女兒的祈禱可知，作者深愛自己的女兒；通過作者對女兒不當(dāng)行為的指正可知，作者對女兒要求很嚴(yán)格。因此選擇A。 B 7．解析：選B。推理判斷題。根據(jù)第五段提到的實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果可知，參與實(shí)驗(yàn)的人在吃得慢時(shí)攝入的能量減少了，由此可知，他們吃的食物量減少了。故選B。根據(jù)第一段可知，C項(xiàng)錯(cuò)誤；根據(jù)第二段可知，A項(xiàng)錯(cuò)誤；D項(xiàng)在文中沒有提到。 8．解析：選C。細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段可知，參與實(shí)驗(yàn)的人員被要求吃兩餐，一餐是不限時(shí)間慢速進(jìn)行，而另外一餐則是限時(shí)快速進(jìn)行。故選C。 9．解析：選A。細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第六段最后一句可知，在實(shí)驗(yàn)中肥胖者也許知道自己過胖，所以刻意吃得少，因此熱量減少幅度變化較小。故選A。 10．解析：選B。細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二、三段第一句可知，A項(xiàng)錯(cuò)誤；根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段中的“Water consumption was higher during the slow...”可知，B項(xiàng)正確；C項(xiàng)在文中沒有提到；根據(jù)最后一段可知，D項(xiàng)錯(cuò)誤。故選B。 11．解析：選B。推理判斷題。為研究吃飯速度與熱量攝入之間的關(guān)系，研究人員招募了一組體重正常者與一組體重超重者進(jìn)行相同的試驗(yàn)并對實(shí)驗(yàn)中的數(shù)據(jù)進(jìn)行了對比分析，從而得出了本文結(jié)論。故選B。