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2019年高中英語 小題狂刷09 Unit 5 Warming Up Pre-reading Reading prehending（含解析）新人教版必修1 I. 單詞拼寫 1. Q is more important than quantity. 2. Women are fighting for (平等的) pay with the men because they do the same job. 3. His (獻(xiàn)身精神) to music is plain to see. 4. She did a very good job and got a r from the pany. 5. The dog was so (忠誠的) to its master that it would not leave him, even when he was dead. 6. In our country people of or over 18 have the right to v . 7. Boys are usually not a in English class. 【答案】 1. Quality 2. equal 3. devotion 4. reward 5. devoted 6. vote 7. active II. 單句語法填空 1. The suits are ________good quality and are worth ________(buy). 2. The students need to be able to read ________(active) and thoughtfully instead of accepting whatever they are taught passively. 3. The teacher has devoted all his spare time to ________(help) his students with English during the past few years. 4. ________(found) in the early 20th century, the school keeps on inspiring children’s love of art. 5. In the dark street, he had no one to turn________ for help. 6. The year 1949 ________(see) the founding of the People’s Republic of China. 7. In time we reached a stage ________ we had more young readers than old ones. 8. —I’m going to vote ________ Jackson in the next election. How about you? —Me, too. He’s the best man for the position. 9. You should give a hand to one who is ________trouble. 10. ________ after he knew the truth did he realize how silly mistakes he had made. 【答案】 1. of; buying 【解析】考查非謂語動詞和固定搭配。句意：西服質(zhì)量很好，值得購買。of good quality質(zhì)量好；worth doing sth.值得做某事。 2. actively 【解析】考查副詞。句意：學(xué)生們需要(具備)積極和認(rèn)真思考的閱讀能力，而不是被動地接受教給他們的東西。actively積極地。 3. helping 【解析】考查非謂語動詞。句意：在過去的幾年里，這位老師用他所有的閑暇時間幫助學(xué)生學(xué)英語。devote... to...＂致力于，奉獻(xiàn)于，用于＂，to為介詞，后面要跟名詞或動名詞。 4. Founded 【解析】本題考查非謂語動詞。句意：建立于20世紀(jì)早期，這所學(xué)校一直激發(fā)著孩子們對藝術(shù)的熱愛。此處為非謂語動詞作狀語，與句子的主語school之間為被動關(guān)系，故用過去分詞形式。 III. 完成句子 1. 剛開學(xué)的那天，我們的老師就給我們提了一些學(xué)習(xí)英語的建議。 On the very first day of school, our teacher us English learning. 2. 大多數(shù)下崗的人員都是文化不高的人。 Most of the people who usually have little education. 3. 大學(xué)尚未畢業(yè)，他就創(chuàng)辦了自己的公司。 He his own pany before graduating from college. 4. 只有通過努力拼搏，才能實現(xiàn)自己的夢想。 Only by working hard you your dream. 5. 我們決不能嘲笑那些陷入困境的人，相反，我們應(yīng)該幫助他們。 We should never laugh at those . 【答案】 1. advised; on 2. are out of work 3. set up 4. can; realize 5. in trouble I. 閱讀理解 閱讀短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項中，選出最佳選項。 In 1995, Oseola McCarty gave a present of $ 150,000 to the University of Southern Mississippi. She wanted to help poor students. It was a very generous thing to do. But her friends and neighbors were surprised. McCarty was a good woman. She went to church. She was always friendly and helpful. But everyone in her town knew that McCarty was not rich. In fact, she was poor. How did a poor 86-year-old woman have so much money? Oseola McCarty was born in 1908 in Hattiesburg, Mississippi. She had to leave school when she was eight years old to help her family. She took a job washing clothes. She earned only a few dollars a day. Oseola washed the clothes by hand. Then she hung the clothes to dry. She did this for nearly 80 years. In the 1960s’ she bought an automatic washer and dryer. But she gave them away. She did not think they got the clothes clean enough! At that time, many people started to buy their own washers and dryers. McCarty did not have much work, so she started to iron clothes instead. McCarty never married or had children. Her life was very simple. She went to work and to church. She read her Bible. She had a black-and-white television. But she did not watch it very much. It had only one channel. McCarty saved money all her life and eventually had about $250,000.When she was 86, a lawyer helped her make a will. She left money to the church, her relatives, and the university. McCarty just wanted to help others. She did not think she was a special person. But then people found out about her present to the university. She received many honors(榮譽). She even flew in an airplane for the first time! Oseola McCarty died in xx.She was a shy and ordinary woman who became famous. 1. Oseola McCarty gave $150,000 to the University of Southern Mississippi __________. A. to help the poor students B. to surprise her friends and neighbors C. to show her generosity D. to be a good and rich woman 2. From the story we know ___________. A. McCarty was born in a poor family near the University of Southern Mississippi B. everyone was surprised because they thought McCarty had no education C. washers and dryers brought a change in McCarty’s life D. McCarty gave half of her money to the church and her relatives. 3. Which of the following is true? A. McCarty had to work to help her family after school every day. B. McCarty learned to read the Bible by herself in the school. C. McCarty made one third of her money by washing and ironing clothes. D. McCarty did not have her own family because she had no husband or children. 4. From which of the following can we tell McCarty lived a simple life? A. She worked hard all her life. B. She didn’t think she was special. C. She didn’t have many interests. D. She had a TV set with many channels. 【答案】 【語篇解讀】本文是一篇人物傳記，介紹一位著名的慈善家Oseola McCarty。 B Dear Amy, I recently had skin cancer removed from my face and took four weeks off of work to recover. I told people at work that I was on vacation. I have a very noticeable scar on my face now. I will be returning to work shortly. I am a very private person, and I know people will ask what happened. Do I tell the truth? Keep it vague? People are curious, and I know they will keep pumping me for answers. If I say little, I know the ＂rumor mill＂ will go into overdrive. Recovering Recovering, You have every right to keep your medical situation private. But you and I both know that sometimes this is almost impossible — certainly when you have a noticeable scar. I suggest you tell the truth, not only to satisfy people’s curiosity (in order to move on to other topics), but also because you have an important opportunity to advocate(提倡) people get regular cancer screenings(篩查). You say you are very private, but would you be willing to share some basic information? This could be life-changing for people crossing your path. When you get back to work, you can say, ＂I had surgery on my face but am feeling great. Do yourself a favor and make sure to get a regular cancer screening.＂ Otherwise, you should not feel pressured to provide details. According to the American Cancer Society (Cancer.org), skin cancer is the most mon type of cancer — an estimated 3.5 million Americans are diagnosed with non-melanoma skin cancer(非黑瘤皮膚癌) each year. May 22 has been designated as ＂No Fry Day＂ as a way to publicize the dangers of sun exposure. Your willingness to ask this question has helped raise awareness, so thank you. Amy 5. It can be learned from the letter by Recovering that_________. A. everyone has known he had skin cancer B. the writer wants to keep his problem a secret C. the writer is very ashamed of the scar D. no one will care about the noticeable scar 6. Why did Amy advise Recovering to tell the truth? A. To arouse people’s awareness of cancer. B. Just to satisfy people’s curiosity. C. Just to move on to other topics. D. To avoid being guilty of lying. 7. What does the underlined part in the passage mean? A. Having non-melanoma skin cancer as you. B. Standing in your way. C. Meeting you accidentally. D. Familiar with you. 8. According to the last paragraph, __________. A. few Americans are diagnosed with skin cancer B. skin cancer is the most serious type of cancer C.＂No Fry Day＂ is aimed to warn people of skin cancer D. May 22 may be the hottest day in summer 【答案】 【語篇解讀】本文為涉及個人生活的編讀往來。作者做了皮膚癌手術(shù)，不想讓人知道自己得了皮膚癌，可臉上的疤痕會使人們好奇，于是向Amy請教如何應(yīng)對這種情況。 5. B 【解析】推理判斷題。由＂I told people at work that I was on vacation.＂＂I will be returning to work shortly. I am a very private person, and I know people will ask what happened. Do I tell the truth?＂可知，作者不想讓人知道自己得了皮膚癌，B項正確。 8. C 【解析】推理判斷題。由最后一段中的＂May 22 has been designated as ‘No Fry Day’ as a way to publicize the dangers of sun exposure.＂可知答案為C。 Ⅱ. 語法填空 閱讀下面材料，在空白處填入1個適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。 Umbrella is what we easily forget and leave behind in our daily life. When the weather is fine, we certainly don’t think of it; only when it’s raining, we’ll carry it purposefully. But as soon as the rain stops, most likely we’ll forget 1 we’ve put it. It has to wait patiently and pitifully for 2 owner to claim it, otherwise it’ll remain alone as a deserted umbrella. Once I suddenly found my longtime 3 (use) umbrella ＂disappeared＂ I really got lost and regretted quite some time 4 my own carelessness. Several days later, out of my 5 (expect), I saw it quietly stand in a corner of the house where I worked. I was extremely glad to regain it. Looking carefully at it, though it was so familiar 6 me, I found for the first time its wooden handle 7 （wear）out as a result of repeated rain-wash for years. I sought for it only when I needed it. It occurred to me that I should have paid 8 (much) attention to it. It sets me thinking. Around us there are always people giving us support in silence just like 9 umbrella that protects us from the rain or any wretched weather. Will gou think of those individuals 10 have helped you get through difficlty when you are leading a fortable life? 【答案】 【語篇解讀】本文主要講述的是我對雨傘的思考。 10. who/that 考查定語從句。those individuals 作先行詞，指人，定語從句缺少引導(dǎo)詞和主語，故填who\that。 III. 短文改錯 假定英語課上老師要求同桌之間交換修改作文，請你修改你同桌寫的以下作文。文中共有10處語言錯誤，每句中最多有兩處，每處錯誤僅涉及一個單詞的增加、刪除或修改。 增加：在缺詞處加一個漏字符號(∧)，并在其下面寫出該加的詞。 刪除：把多余的詞用斜線(＼)劃掉。 修改：在錯的詞下劃一橫線，并在該詞下面寫出修改后的詞。 注意： 1. 每處錯誤及其修改均限一詞； 2. 只允許修改10處，多者(從第11處起)不計分。 Dear Sir, Thank you for invite me to the summer English course in your school. As for your choice between the two courses, I prefer the four-week course because of this will allow me more time to do some traveling but make a few new friends. Of all the subject I’m learning at school, I like English best. I had been learning English for eleven years but my spoken English remains poorly. So I really hope to take this chance improve it. If possible, I’d like to stay with a family for a couple of days in order that I can know some customs in England, that I’m particularly interested in. I believe I will have wonderful time this summer. Yours truly, Li Hua 【答案】 Dear Sir, Thank you for me to the summer English course in your school. As for choice between the two courses, I prefer the four-week course because this will allow me more time to do some traveling make a few new friends. Of all the I’m learning at school, I like English best. I been learning English for eleven years but my spoken English remains . So I really hope to take this chance improve it. If possible, I’d like to stay with a family for a couple of days in order that I can know some customs in England, I’m particularly interested in. I believe I will have wonderful time this summer. Yours truly, Li Hua I. 單項填空 1. (xx·天津) I feel that I’ve been given a second life to devote to something that is ____________ and enormous. A. stressful B. painful C. meaningful D. peaceful 【答案】C 2. (xx·江蘇完形改編) This , of course, that he arrived at school early in the morning, dragging his heavy instrument case across the campus to the pitying looks of the non-musicians he had left behind. A. proved B. showed C. stressed D. meant 【答案】D 【解析】考查動詞。學(xué)習(xí)音樂意味著早到學(xué)校，要把沉重的樂器背來背去，meant在此意為＂意味著＂。 3. (xx·天津)—I want to see Mr. White. We have an appointment. —I’m sorry, but he is not ___________ at the moment, for the meeting hasn’t ended. A. busy B. active C. concerned D. available 【答案】D 【解析】句意：——我想見懷特先生，我們有約?！獙Σ黄穑F(xiàn)在沒空，因為會議還沒有結(jié)束。A. 忙碌的；B. 積極的，活躍的；C. 關(guān)心的；D. 有空的，可得到的。根據(jù)語境，故選D。 【名師點睛】 英語中對形容詞的考查主要是形容詞的詞義辨析和對語境的理解。本句中的語境很明顯，根據(jù)空前的sorry和空后的原因解釋可知懷特先生沒有空，即他現(xiàn)在很忙。 4. (xx·湖南) Only after talking to two students that having strong motivation is one of the biggest factors in reaching goals. A. I did discover B. did I discover C. I discovered D. discovered 【答案】B 【解析】副詞only置于句首，強調(diào)方式狀語、條件狀語、地點狀語、時間狀語等狀語時，主句要進(jìn)行部分倒裝。如果被only所強調(diào)的狀語為狀語從句，該狀語從句不倒裝，只對主句進(jìn)行倒裝。此題中only作為副詞放在句首修飾時間狀語after talking to two students，所以主句要進(jìn)行部分倒裝。部分倒裝是指將謂語的一部分如be動詞或情態(tài)倒裝至主語之前。如果句中的謂語沒有be動詞或情態(tài)動詞，則需添加助動詞do, does或did，并將其置于主語之前。句意：在和兩個學(xué)生交談之后我才意識到擁有強烈的動機是達(dá)到目標(biāo)的最大因素。故選B。 5. (xx·湖南) Only when you can find peace in your heart good relationships with others. A. will you keep B. you will keep C. you kept D. did you keep 【答案】A 6. (xx·浙江) There’s no reason to be disappointed. , this could be rather amusing. A. Above all B. As a result C. In addition D. As a matter of fact 【答案】D 【解析】Above all首要的是；As a result因此；In addition另外；As a matter of fact事實上。句意：沒有理由感到失望，實際上，這件事可能是很好笑的。根據(jù)句意可知選D。 7. (xx·天津) Tom had to the invitation to the party last weekend because he was too busy. A. turn in B. turn down C. turn over D. turn to 【答案】B 【解析】句意：上周末湯姆不得不拒絕宴會的邀請，因為他太忙了。turn in 上交；turn down拒絕；turn over 移交；turn to轉(zhuǎn)向，求助于。根據(jù)句意可知選B。 II. 語法填空 1. (xx·新課標(biāo)全國卷I改編)I drove over and saw the chick in the nest looking healthy and __________(action). 2. (xx·新課標(biāo)全國卷I改編) The homeowner was very __________(help). 3. (xx·新課標(biāo)全國卷I改編) While high school does not __________(general) encourage students to explore new aspects of life, college sets the __________(舞臺) for that exploration. 4. (xx·新課標(biāo)全國卷I改編)It’s an amazing acplishment and one we cannot achieve without __________(慷慨的) support from individuals, corporations, and other social organizations. 5. (xx·北京改編) A machine with a specific purpose has another __________(質(zhì)量), one that we usually associate with living things: a wish to preserve its own existence. 6. (xx·天津改編) Who is responsible for the operation of such vehicles is not clear among car makers, consumers and __________(律師). 7. (xx·天津改編) On the surface it seems as ridiculous as following the directions on soup mixes, but the Lucky-Break Wait well serves those who __________(will) to do it. 8. (xx·天津改編) It will put fully driverless cars on an equal __________(合法的) footing to human drivers, he says. 9. (xx·北京改編) Those who refuse to take that risk __________(selfish) make others suffer. 10. (xx·江蘇改編) The second __________(原則) is to loosen the control that providers of on-line services have over data and give more to those who supply them. 11. (xx·天津改編) But where are we doing all of this waiting, and what does it mean__________ an impatient society like ours?