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Unit 5,Section A Grammar Focus,Is it made of silver? It was made in Thailand. What is the model plane made of? Where is tea produced in China? How is it grown? It is planted on the side of mountains. They are picked by hand and then are sent for processing.,Read the sentences below, paying attention to the underlined parts.,Passive Voice,被動語態(tài) (Passive Voice),結(jié)構(gòu): be + V-p.p.,am / are / is + 動詞的過去分詞,一般現(xiàn)在時的被動語態(tài):,Many people speak English.,,,,,主動句與被動句之間的轉(zhuǎn)換,English is spoken by many people.,主語 謂語動詞主動語態(tài)的過去式 賓語,主語 謂語動詞被動語態(tài)的過去分詞 介詞+ 賓語,主動句變?yōu)楸粍泳渌裱?個步驟：,1. 把原主動句中的賓語變?yōu)楸粍泳涞闹髡Z。,2. 把動詞變?yōu)楸粍有问郊碽e+過去分詞，并注意其人稱和數(shù)隨主語的變化，而動詞的時態(tài)則保持不變。,3. 原主動句的主語如需要則放在by后面以它 的賓格形式出現(xiàn)（注代詞的賓格），如不需要則可省略。,4. 其它的成分（定語、狀語）不變。,People play football all over the world. 2. The old man on TV tells a story on Sunday. 3. Students listen to the kind teacher carefully.,Football is played all over the world by people.,A story is told by the old man on TV on Sunday.,The kind teacher is listened to by students carefully.,把下列的主動句變?yōu)楸粍泳洹?1) Sunglasses __________ (use) for protecting people’s eyes. 2) A picture _________ (put) up on the blackboard. 3) French ___________ (speak) in France.,are used,is put,is spoken,用所給動詞的正確形式填空。,4) Which language _______ the most widely _______ (speak) in the world? 5) The students _____ often _____ (tell) to take care of their desks and chairs. 6) Vegetables, eggs and fruits _________ (sell) in this shop.,is,spoken,are,told,are sold,1. Tea is grown in South China.（改為主動語態(tài)） People _______ _________ in South China. 2. People use metal for making machines. (改為被動語態(tài)) Metal ________ _________ ______ making machines.,grow,tea,按要求改寫下列句子，一空一詞。,is,used,for,3. They produce silk in Suzhou. (改為被動句) Silk _________ _________ in Suzhou. 4. We call maths the language of science. (改為被動句) Maths _________ _________ the language of science.,is,produced,is,called,1. Cotton (棉花) ______ in the southeast of China. A. is grown B. are grown C. grows D. grow 2. The Great Wall ______ all over the world. A. knows B. knew C. is known D. was known,A,選擇正確答案。,C,3. In some parts of the world, tea ______ with milk and sugar. A. is serving B. is served C. serves D. served 4. — Do you often clean your classroom? — Yes. Our classroom _______ every day. A. clean B. cleans C. is cleaned D. is cleaning,B,C,被動語態(tài)的幾種句型,1. 肯定句 主語 + be + 過去分詞 + (by…),A sweet song is sung by her on the stage.,2. 否定句 主語 + be + not +過去分詞 + (by…),3. 一般疑問句 Be + 主語 +過去分詞 + (by…)?,A sweet song isn’t sung by her on the stage.,Is a sweet song sung by her on the stage?,4. 特殊疑問句 疑問詞 + be + 主語 +過去分詞 + (by…)?,Where is a sweet song sung by her?,Do you water your flowers every day?(變?yōu)楸粍泳? Trees and flowers are planted every year to make our country more beautiful. (變?yōu)橐蓡柧?,Are your flowers watered by you every day?,Are trees and flowers planted every year to make our country more beautiful？,按要求改寫下列句子。,3. This English song is sung by the girls after class. ① 改為否定句 ②改為一般疑問句，并做肯定和否定回答 ③對劃線提問,This English song is not sung by the girls after class.,Is this English song sung by the girls after class?,When is this English song sung by the girls?,被動語態(tài)的運用: （1） 不知道誰是動作的執(zhí)行者或沒 有必要知道誰是動作的執(zhí)行者時。 The house is quite old. It was built in 1950. 這座房子太舊了，它是1950年建的。 When will the road be opened to traffic? 這條路什么時候通車?,（2） 需要強調(diào)動作的對象即賓語時。 Calculator can't be used in the math exam. 計算器不能用于數(shù)學考試。 He was awarded first prize in that contest. 他在比賽中獲得了第一。,有時為了禮貌等原因不愿說出行為者,這時也常用被動語態(tài)。 The construction of the new lab must be completed by the end of next month. 新實驗室必須在下個月底前完工。 You are requested to give a performance. 請你給我們表演一個節(jié)目。,（3）,主動語態(tài)變?yōu)楸粍诱Z態(tài)的注意事項： 含有雙賓語，即直接賓語(常指事物)和間接賓語(常指人)的句子，每個賓語都可變?yōu)楸粍诱Z態(tài)的主語，即其被動語態(tài)有兩種形式。但多以間接賓語作主語。 Jack told us the truth. We were told the truth by Jack. The truth was told (to) us by Jack.,,,He passes me the football. (改成被動語態(tài)) I _____ ______ the football by him. The football ______ ______ ______ me by him.,am,passed,is,passed,to,動詞的主動形式表示被動之意 1). 系動詞無被動語態(tài)：以主動形式表示被動之意。常見的系動詞有： be動詞, look, seem, appear, feel, sound, smell, taste等 It smells terrible. 2).下列動詞(詞組)沒有被動式： happen, take place, break out, belong to, cost, take An accident happened yesterday.,注 意,3). 不及物動詞sell, wash, read, write, open, close, shut, lock, wear等，常用主動形式表示被動意義。 This book sells well. 這本書暢銷。 The kind of cloth washes well. 這種布很容易洗。,4). 在英語口語中，有時可用“get+過去分詞”構(gòu)成被動語態(tài)。如： I got dressed as quickly as l could. 我盡快穿上衣服。 這樣結(jié)構(gòu)比較常見的搭配有：get arrested, get caught, get dressed, get drowned, get drunk, get lost, get married等。,Pair Work,A: Where are …? B: They are … in …,grow in Brazil,grow in Colombia,grow in China,grow in Canada,A: Where is / are …? B: It is / They are … in …,followed by,interviewed by,【2013江蘇常州】This listening material, together with its CD-ROMs, ______ well. A. sells B. sell C. is sold D. are sold 【解析】某些可以和well, easily, smoothly等副詞連用的不及物動詞如read, write, wash, clean, draw, cook, sell, lock, open等, 且主語是非生命的名詞或代詞, 用主動結(jié)構(gòu)表被動含義。本句的主語為This listening material為第三人稱單數(shù); sell well意為“暢銷”。句意為“這個聽力材料以及它的光盤很暢銷?！惫蔬xA。,中考鏈接,【2013河南】 — Excuse me. I'm looking for Be the Best of Yourself. — Sorry. The book you ask for______ out. A. is selling B. is sold C. was selling D. will be sold 【解析】主語the book和動詞sell構(gòu)成被動關系，又時態(tài)為一般現(xiàn)在時，因此用一般現(xiàn)在時的被動語態(tài)。答語句意“對不起，你要的書已售完”。故選B。,【2013廣西南寧】 Han Han’s books are popular. They _______ by many teenagers. A. is read B. was read C. are read D. were read 【解析】由上句可知韓寒的書很受歡迎，用一般現(xiàn)在時；主語they是復數(shù)形式，故答案選C項。,【2013湖北宜昌】 — At present, one of the best ways to study is working in groups. — More chances _______ to students to learn from each other. A. offer B. are offered C. have offered D. are offering 【解析】句子大意為“小組學習為學生提供了更多相互學習的機會”。“機會”和“提供”之間存在被動關系，須用被動語態(tài)。四個選項中，只有are offered為被動語態(tài)。故選B。,【2013湖北襄陽】— Didn’t you see the sign “No Parking!” on the right? — Sorry, I didn’t. But now I know parking _______ here. A. wasn't allowed B. isn't allowed C. won't allow D. doesn't allow 【解析】由上句中的“No Parking!”可知，停車不被允許，根據(jù)時間狀語now可知，考察一般現(xiàn)在時態(tài)的被動語態(tài)，故選B。,【2013廣東梅州】The child without parents ______ good care of by his teachers in this special school. A. is taken B. are taken C. take D. takes 【解析】主語the child與動詞短語take care of之間是被動關系，故用一般現(xiàn)在時的被動語態(tài)。故選A。,【2013浙江寧波】 — Have you finished your project? — Not yet. I’ll finish it if I _______ ten more minutes. A. give B. am given C. will give D. will be given 【解析】句意“如果再給我十分鐘我會完成它”，主語與動詞give之間是被動關系，在條件狀語從句中用一般現(xiàn)在時表將來。故選B。,【2013湖北黃石】This pair of shoes _______ hand, and it ______ very comfortable. A. is made with; is felt B. are made from; is felt C. are made of; feels D. is made by; feels 【解析】句意: “這雙鞋是由手工制成的，它感覺起來很舒服”, 主語this pair of shoes不能執(zhí)行謂語動詞make, 故用被動語態(tài), 且主語為第三人稱單數(shù)形式, 用is made by的被動結(jié)構(gòu); feel為連系動詞, 不能用被動語態(tài)，故選D。,1. Children under 18 _______________ (not allowed) to watch this show without their parents. 2. We _________ (pay) by the boss on the last Friday of each month. 3. A: What language ___________ (speak) in Germany? B: Most people speak German, but many can speak English, too.,are not allowed,are paid,is spoken,4a Complete the sentences with the correct forms of the verbs in brackets.,4. Most of the earth’s surface __________ (cover) by water. 5. The classroom needs to _________ (clean) every day.,is covered,be cleaned,2. In China, farmers grow the best rice in the northeast. 3. Careless driving causes many traffic accidents.,In China, the best rice are grown (by farmers) in the northeast.,Many traffic accidents are caused by careless driving.,4b Rewrite the sentences using the passive voice.,4. The postman brings letters and postcards to people’s homes. 5. Our family does not use this silver plate very often.,Letters and postcards are brought to people’s homes (by the postman).,This silver plate is not used very often in our family.,We should move from “Made in China” to “Created in China”, from “China speed” to “China quality” and from “Chinese products” to “Chinese brands”.,