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走向高考 · 英語(yǔ),路漫漫其修遠(yuǎn)兮 吾將上下而求索,人教版(課標(biāo)卷地區(qū)) · 高考總復(fù)習(xí),Unit 2 English around the world,必修一,第一部分 基礎(chǔ)知識(shí)聚焦,1．master＝have a good command of v．掌握 2. improve v．提高 3. pronounce v．發(fā)音 4. grateful adj.感激的 5. spelling n．拼寫；拼法 6. usage n．使用；用法 7. standard n．標(biāo)準(zhǔn) 8. take notes 記筆記,9. take part in the English Corner 參加英語(yǔ)角 10. improve writing skills 提高寫作能力 11. have a good knowledge of English 通曉英語(yǔ) 12. work hard at English 努力學(xué)習(xí)英語(yǔ) 13. step by step 逐步地；一步步地 14. be afraid of making mistakes 害怕出錯(cuò),(2012·山東高考)假設(shè)你是新華中學(xué)的學(xué)生李華，不久前在學(xué)校舉辦的英語(yǔ)競(jìng)賽中獲得一等獎(jiǎng)。校報(bào)請(qǐng)你寫一篇稿件刊登在英文版面上，介紹你課外學(xué)習(xí)英語(yǔ)的經(jīng)驗(yàn)。請(qǐng)根據(jù)以下提示用英語(yǔ)寫一篇短文： 1．參加英語(yǔ)角的益處；2.堅(jiān)持寫英語(yǔ)日記的作用； 3．英文閱讀網(wǎng)站(EnjoyReading)對(duì)你的幫助。,[總述主題]My name is Li Hua. I feel honoured to have the chance to share my out-of-class English learning experience with you. [具體措施]First of all, I often participate in the English Corner, where I can talk and communicate with students and foreign teachers. ① I can not only improve my oral English but also learn some customs in western countries. Secondly, I insist on keeping a diary, which can improve my ability of expressing myself in English and help me to put what I've learnt to use.,Ⅰ.完成句子 1．通過(guò)與他們交談，我的英語(yǔ)口語(yǔ)進(jìn)步很快。 By talking with them, my oral English improved rapidly. 2．我發(fā)現(xiàn)寫英文日記也很有幫助。 I also find it helpful to keep English diaries. 3．為了學(xué)好英語(yǔ)，她經(jīng)常參加英語(yǔ)角的活動(dòng)。 She often takes part in the English Corner to have a good knowledge of English.,Ⅱ.句型轉(zhuǎn)換 1．把句①改為not only引導(dǎo)的倒裝句。 Not only can I improve my oral English but also I can learn some customs in western countries. 2．強(qiáng)調(diào)句②中的畫線部分。 It's because of this and my effort in class that I managed to get the first place in the English Contest held recently in our school.,Ⅰ.單詞速記 A．識(shí)記單詞 1．________ (adj.) 官方的；正式的；公務(wù)的 (n.) 官員 2．________ (adj.) 本國(guó)的；本地的 (n.) 本地人；本國(guó)人 3．________ (adv.) 實(shí)際上；事實(shí)上 4．________ (n. & vt.) 命令；指令；掌握 5．________ (n. & vt.) 請(qǐng)求；要求 6．________ (n.) 口音；腔調(diào)；重音 7．________ (adv.) 直接；挺直 (adj.) 直的；筆直的；正直的,official,native,actually,command,request,accent,straight,B．聯(lián)想串記 8．__________ (vt.)以……為根據(jù)；(n.)基部；基地；基礎(chǔ)→______ (adj.)基本的；基礎(chǔ)的→______ (n.)基礎(chǔ)；基本原則 9．________ (adj.)逐漸的；逐步的→________ (adv.)逐漸地；逐步地 10．__________ (adj.)較后的；后半的；(兩者中)后者的→________ (adj.)最新的；最近的→________ (adv.)后來(lái)；(adj.)后期的→________ (adv.)近來(lái)；最近,base,basic,basis,gradual,gradually,latter,latest,later,lately,11．________ (n.)本身；本體；身份→________ (vt.)認(rèn)出；鑒定 12．________ (adj.)流利的；流暢的→________ (adv.)流利地；流暢地→________ (n.)流利；流暢 13．________ (adj.)頻繁的；常見(jiàn)的→________ (adv.)常常；頻繁地 14．________ (n.)詞語(yǔ)；表示；表達(dá)→________ (vt.)表達(dá) 15．________ (vt.)辨認(rèn)出，承認(rèn)；公認(rèn)→________ (n.)認(rèn)出；認(rèn)識(shí),identity,identify,fluent,fluently,fluency,frequent,frequently,expression,express,recognize,recognition,Ⅱ.短語(yǔ)互譯 1．超過(guò)；非常，不只是，不僅是 __________________ 2．走近；上來(lái)；提出 __________________ 3．以……為基礎(chǔ) __________________ 4．信不信由你 __________________ 5．扮演一個(gè)角色；參與 __________________ 6．because of __________________ 7．the number of __________________ 8．a(chǎn)t present __________________ 9．make use of __________________ 10．such as __________________,more than,come up,be based on,believe it or not,play a part (in),因?yàn)?；由?……的數(shù)量,現(xiàn)在；目前,利用；使用,例如……；像這種的,Ⅲ.典句析練 1．more.than.與其……不如……；是……而不是…… It __________________(更多的是以德語(yǔ)為基礎(chǔ)而不是) the English we speak at present. 【仿寫】吉米簡(jiǎn)直是發(fā)瘋而不是愚蠢。 Jimmy is _________________________________________. 2．such.as.像……這樣的 Believe it or not, there is no __________________________ (像標(biāo)準(zhǔn)英語(yǔ)這樣的東西)． 【仿寫】根本就沒(méi)有“減肥”食物。 There is no __________________ “slimming” food.,3．the way＋定語(yǔ)從句 However, on TV and the radio you will hear difference in ___ _______________________ (人們講話的方式)． 【仿寫】我們不喜歡他對(duì)待我們的方式。 We didn't like ____________________________________. 4．do you think在特殊疑問(wèn)詞后作插入語(yǔ) Which country _______________________(你認(rèn)為有最多的英語(yǔ)學(xué)習(xí)者)? 【仿寫】你認(rèn)為什么品質(zhì)最重要？ What quality ____________________________________?,答案：1.was based more on German than；more mad than stupid 2．such thing as standard English；such food as 3．the way people speak; the way (that) he treated us 4．do you think has the most English learners；do you think is the most important,Ⅳ.課文縮寫語(yǔ)法填空 As we know, English is regarded as a global language, but the language doesn't stay the same. It has changed__1__ time. Actually all languages change and develop when cultures meet and communicate__2__ each other. At first the English spoken in England was __3__(base) more on German than the English spoken __4__ present. Then the new settlers who ruled England __5__ (rich) the English language and especially its vocabulary. In 1620，some British __6__(settle) moved to America and by the 19th century the language __7__(settle).,1．base vt.以……為根據(jù) n．基部；基地；基礎(chǔ) [教材原句]It was based more on German than the English we speak at present.(P10) 比起現(xiàn)在我們說(shuō)的(英語(yǔ))它更大程度上是以德語(yǔ)為基礎(chǔ)的。,①After all, the doctor-patient relationship is_based_on trust, and therefore honesty is essential. 畢竟，醫(yī)患之間的關(guān)系是建立在相互信任的基礎(chǔ)上，所以誠(chéng)實(shí)尤其重要。 ②They found the plane ________ ________ ________ ________ the mountain. 他們?cè)谏侥_下發(fā)現(xiàn)了這架飛機(jī)。,③The film ________ ________ ________ a novel written by Mo Yan. 該影片是根據(jù)莫言的小說(shuō)改編的。 ④We drew this conclusion ________ ________ ________ ________ experiments. 我們?cè)趯?shí)驗(yàn)的基礎(chǔ)上得出了這個(gè)結(jié)論。 答案：②at the base of ③is based on ④on the basis of,2．latter adj.較后的；后半的；(兩者中)后者的the latter后者(的) [教材原句]The latter gave a separate identity to American English spelling.(P10) 后者給予了美國(guó)英語(yǔ)拼寫一個(gè)獨(dú)立的身份。 John and James are brothers; ________ ________ is a doctor, and ________ ________ is an engineer. 約翰和詹姆斯是兄弟，前者是醫(yī)生，后者是工程師。,名師點(diǎn)撥] 請(qǐng)?jiān)谝韵抡Z(yǔ)境中體會(huì)late，later，latter，lately，latest的用法： ①I was too late for the train.(不可用其他形式) 我趕火車太晚了(沒(méi)趕上)。 ②I saw him again a few days later on. 數(shù)日后我又見(jiàn)到過(guò)他。 ③Of the two, the latter is better. 兩者中，后者更好一些。,④Have you seen him lately (＝recently)? 你最近見(jiàn)過(guò)他嗎？ ⑤The latest (＝last) news is favourite. 最新(最后)消息是最好的。 答案：the former；the latter,3．frequently adv.常常；頻繁地 [教材原句]Languages frequently change.(P10) 語(yǔ)言經(jīng)常變化。 He is a ________ visitor to our home. He visited my grandfather ________. 他是我們家的?？?，經(jīng)常看望我的爺爺。 答案：frequent；frequently,4．command n．[C]命令，指令；[U]掌握 vt.命令，指揮，支配 [教材原句]Can you find the following command and request from Reading？(P12) 你能從閱讀中找出下面的命令和要求嗎？,①The police arrived and took_command_of the situation. 警察到場(chǎng)并控制了局勢(shì)。 ②He is the head of the company and has 100 men under_his command. 他是公司的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)，手下掌管著100人。 ③She commanded that the prisoners ________ ________ ________ ________. 她命令釋放囚犯。,④The officer ________ his soldiers ________ fire. 那名軍官命令士兵們開(kāi)火。 ⑤Simon ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ French. 西蒙精通法語(yǔ)。 答案：③should be set free ④commanded；to ⑤has a good command of,5．request n. & vt.請(qǐng)求；要求 [教材原句]In English you use a command or a request when you want someone to do something.(P12) 在英語(yǔ)中，當(dāng)你想讓別人做事時(shí)，你可以使用命令或請(qǐng)求方式。,①I requested that you ________ ________ early. 我要求你早一點(diǎn)來(lái)。 ②The little boy ________ a toy ________ his mother. 小男孩向他的媽媽要一個(gè)玩具。 ③所有的成員均被要求參加會(huì)議。(一句多譯) All the members ________ ________ ________ attend the meeting. ＝________ ________ ________ ________ all the members should attend the meeting.,④At the public's request, the new traffic regulation has been changed slightly. 應(yīng)公眾要求，新的交通規(guī)則進(jìn)行了微調(diào)。 ⑤They've made an urgent request for the international aid. 他們緊急請(qǐng)求國(guó)際援助。 答案：①should come ②requested；from/of ③are requested to；It is requested that,6．recognize vt.辨認(rèn)出；承認(rèn)；公認(rèn) [教材原句]Although many Americans move a lot, they still recognize and understand each other's dialects.(P13) 雖然美國(guó)人經(jīng)常搬遷，但他們?nèi)匀荒茏R(shí)別并理解彼此的方言。,①Everyone recognized him to be the lawful heir. ＝Everyone recognized him as the lawful heir. 大家都承認(rèn)他為合法繼承人。 ②When he walked out of the station, I ________ ________ immediately. 他剛走出車站，我就認(rèn)出了他。 ③Acid rain ________ ________ ________ one of the most serious global environmental problems. 酸雨被認(rèn)為是全球最嚴(yán)重的環(huán)境問(wèn)題之一。 答案：②recognized him ③is recognized as,7．straight adv.直接；挺直 adj.直的；筆直的；正直的 Our teacher stood ________ and drew a ________ line on the blackboard. 老師站地筆直并在黑板上畫了一條直線。 答案：straight；straight,8．block n．街區(qū)(兩條街之間的距離)；塊；木塊；石塊 [教材原句]She told us to go around the corner on the left and keep going straight for two blocks.(P15) 她告訴我們?cè)谧筮叺墓战翘幑諒?，再繼續(xù)直行，過(guò)兩條街就到了。,He took the dog for a walk around the ________， but there were many ________ of stones on the streets. So the streets were partly ________. 他帶著狗繞街區(qū)散步，但大街上有許多石塊，所以街道部分受堵。 答案：block；blocks；blocked,9．present n. & adj. & vt.禮物，目前；到場(chǎng)，出席；提交；贈(zèng)予，展現(xiàn)，呈現(xiàn)，介紹，引見(jiàn),觀察句子，寫出黑體部分的含義。 ①There were 200 people present at the meeting.( ) ②What can I get him for a birthday present？( ) ③You've got to forget the past and start living in the present.( ) ④Are you presenting your paper at the conference？( ) ⑤It is essential that we present a more modern image.( ) ⑥The sword was presented by the family to the museum.( ),[巧學(xué)助記](méi) I'll present all the students present with my works as presents for the graduating ceremony. 我將把我的著作作為畢業(yè)典禮的禮物贈(zèng)送給所有到場(chǎng)的同學(xué)。 答案：①到場(chǎng)，出席 ②禮物 ③目前 ④提交 ⑤展現(xiàn)，呈現(xiàn) ⑥贈(zèng)予,,1．because of因?yàn)?；由?[名師點(diǎn)撥] because of是短語(yǔ)介詞，后面可接名詞，代詞或名詞性從句。because what he did(由于他所做的事)，這種說(shuō)法是錯(cuò)誤的，應(yīng)該是because of what he did，千萬(wàn)注意。 ①He came late this morning because of rain. ＝He came late this morning because it rained. 今天早上，因?yàn)橄掠晁t到了。,②She was angry ________ ________ what you had said. 因?yàn)槟阏f(shuō)的話，她生氣了。 ③The old man asked Lucy to move to another chair ________ he wanted to sit next to his wife. 那位老人請(qǐng)Lucy換坐另一個(gè)椅子，因?yàn)樗氚ぶ拮幼?答案：②because of ③because,2．come up走近；上來(lái)；發(fā)芽；發(fā)生；被提出；(太陽(yáng)、月亮)升起 [教材原句]I'd like to come up to your apartment.(P10) 我愿意來(lái)你的公寓。 [巧學(xué)助記](méi),①The little boy ________ ________ ________ the stranger and showed him how to get to the police station. 小男孩向陌生人走去，并告訴他去警察局的路。 ②It is certain that the question will ________ ________ at the meeting. 這個(gè)問(wèn)題在會(huì)議上一定會(huì)被提出來(lái)的。 ③I'll let you know if anything ________ ________. 如果發(fā)生什么事的話，我會(huì)讓你知道的。,[名師點(diǎn)撥] come up意為“(問(wèn)題)被提出”，此短語(yǔ)的主語(yǔ)通常是物，不用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)；而come up with意為“提出”，其主語(yǔ)通常為人，賓語(yǔ)為“計(jì)劃、建議、方案”等名詞。 The problem came up at last. Who came up with it at the meeting? 這個(gè)問(wèn)題終于被提出來(lái)了。誰(shuí)在會(huì)議上提出來(lái)的？ 答案：①came up to ②come up ③comes up,3．make use of利用；使用 [教材原句]So by the 1600's Shakespeare was able to make use of a wider vocabulary than ever before.(P10) 到17世紀(jì)，莎士比亞使用了比以往更多的詞匯。,①We are ________ ________ ________ energy from the sun in many ways. 我們?cè)诤芏喾矫胬锰?yáng)能。 ②Waste material must ________ ________ ________ ________ ________. 廢舊材料必須被充分利用。,[名師點(diǎn)撥] 為了增加試題的干擾性，常通過(guò)設(shè)置一個(gè)定語(yǔ)從句的方式來(lái)考查make use of。 ③We should know the use (that) people make of waste things. 我們應(yīng)該知道人們對(duì)廢物的利用。 ④The government have realized the use the returnees ________ ________ the experience and skills they gained while living abroad. 政府已經(jīng)意識(shí)到海歸們利用了他們?cè)趪?guó)外生活期間所獲得的經(jīng)驗(yàn)和技能。 答案：①making use of ②be made full use of ④make of,4．such as例如…… [教材原句]English is also spoken in Singapore and Malaysia and countries in Africa such as South Africa.(P10) 在新加坡、馬來(lái)西亞和非洲許多國(guó)家，比如南非，人們也說(shuō)英語(yǔ)。,用for example，such as，that is填空 ①He has been to many countries, ________ Canada, Great Britain and Japan. 他去過(guò)很多國(guó)家，比如加拿大、英國(guó)和日本。 ②A lot of us want to leave now—Bill, ________. 我們中有許多人想現(xiàn)在就走，例如比爾。 ③I have three children, ________， John, Ann and Tom. 我有三個(gè)孩子，即：約翰、安和湯姆。 答案：①such as ②for example ③that is,1．more.than.與其說(shuō)……倒不如說(shuō)…… [教材原句]It was based more on German than the English we speak at present.(P10) 當(dāng)時(shí)的英語(yǔ)更多是以德語(yǔ)為基礎(chǔ)，而不是我們今天所說(shuō)的英語(yǔ)。 [句式分析]more.than.意為“與其……倒不如……”，此結(jié)構(gòu)強(qiáng)調(diào)more后面的內(nèi)容，表示同一個(gè)人或事物的兩種特征對(duì)比，more和than后接形容詞、副詞的原級(jí)，名詞或介詞短語(yǔ)等兩個(gè)并列成分。,①She was more sad than angry when her son lied. 當(dāng)她的兒子撒謊時(shí)，與其說(shuō)她生氣倒不如說(shuō)她傷心。,②(朗文P1273)The store is ________ ________ happy to deliver goods to your home. 本商店很樂(lè)意為您送貨上門。 ③Parents are ________ ________ providers for their kids; they are also their first teachers. 父母不僅要給孩子提供吃穿，還是孩子的啟蒙老師。 ④Abraham Lincoln's whole school education added up to________ ________ ________one year. 亞伯拉罕·林肯所受的全部教育加起來(lái)僅僅一年。 答案：②more than ③more than ④no more than,2．even if引導(dǎo)的讓步狀語(yǔ)從句 [教材原句]Native English speakers can understand each other even if they don't speak the same kind of English.(P10) 以英語(yǔ)作為母語(yǔ)的人，即使他們所講的語(yǔ)言不盡相同，也可以相互理解。 [句式分析]此句是一個(gè)主從復(fù)合句，even if是連詞，引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句。相當(dāng)于even though，意為“即使，盡管”。,①Even if you take a taxi, you will still miss the train. 即使你乘出租車也趕不上這班火車了。 ②Make-A-Wish helps children feel happy even though they are sick, by making their wishes and dreams come true. 圓夢(mèng)基金會(huì)通過(guò)給孩子們圓夢(mèng)使那些即使有病的孩子也感到幸福。 ③Allow children the space to voice their opinions ________ ________ they are different from your own. 允許孩子有發(fā)表觀點(diǎn)的空間，即使不同于你自己的觀點(diǎn)。 答案：③even if/though,3．(no) such.as句型 [教材原句]Believe it or not, there is no_such thing as standard English.(P13) 信不信由你，(世界上)沒(méi)有什么標(biāo)準(zhǔn)英語(yǔ)可言。 [句式分析]句中“no such＋單數(shù)名詞”意為“沒(méi)有這樣的……”，其中單數(shù)名詞前不可再加冠詞，相當(dāng)于“not such a/an＋單數(shù)名詞”。,①We can find no such tour guide in our city. 在我們這座城市我們找不到這樣的導(dǎo)游。,②Everything comes with a price; there is ________ ________ ________ ________ a free lunch in the world. 任何事情都是要付出代價(jià)的，在這個(gè)世界上并沒(méi)有免費(fèi)的午餐。 ③________ ________ collection of coins are found in Britain. 這樣的一堆硬幣在英國(guó)被發(fā)現(xiàn)了。 答案：②no such thing as ③One such,直接引語(yǔ)和間接引語(yǔ)(Ⅱ) 把下列句子改成間接引語(yǔ) 1．The monitor said to me, “Don't forget to turn off the lights when you leave.” The monitor ________ ________ ________ ________ forget to turn off the lights when I left. 2．The policeman said to the boys, “Don't play football in the street any more.” The policeman warned the boys ______ ________ ________ football in the street any more.,3．Mr Brown said to Mary, “Will you write Tom a letter in English or send him an e-mail？” Mr Brown asked Mary ________ ________ ________ write Tom a letter in English or send him an e-mail. 4．He asked, “Haven't you finish your English homework？” He asked ________ ________ ________ ________ my English homework or not. 5．“Don't go out alone at night.” Father said to Tom. Father told Tom ______ ______ ______ out alone at night.,答案：1.asked me not to 2.not to play 3.whether she would 4．whether I had finished 5.not to go,1．(2014·浙江改編)We most prefer to say yes to the ________(request) of someone we know and like. 答案：requests 我們大都更愿意答應(yīng)我們所了解和喜歡人的請(qǐng)求。由語(yǔ)境可知，只能是對(duì)別人的請(qǐng)求(requests)說(shuō)yes，即：答應(yīng)對(duì)方的請(qǐng)求。 2．(2014·北京改編)________ though the forest park is far away, a lot of tourists visit it every year. 答案：Even 本題考查狀語(yǔ)從句引導(dǎo)詞的選擇。句意：盡管森林公園離得很遠(yuǎn)，每年有很多游客會(huì)去游覽。even though相當(dāng)于even if，意為“盡管，雖然”，引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句。,3．(2014·北京改編)The film star wears sunglasses. Therefore, he can go shopping without ________(recognize)． 答案：being recognized 本題考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意：那位影星戴著墨鏡，因此他可以在沒(méi)人認(rèn)出的情況下購(gòu)物了。without為介詞，后面接動(dòng)名詞形式；the film star與recognize之間存在被動(dòng)關(guān)系，故用動(dòng)名詞的被動(dòng)式，即“being done”結(jié)構(gòu)。,4．(2010·浙江改編)—According to my grandma, it is a good idea to eat chicken soup when you have a cold. —Believe ________ or not, scientists agree with her. 答案：it 句意：——在我奶奶看來(lái)，在你感冒時(shí)喝雞湯是個(gè)好主意?！挪恍庞赡?，科學(xué)家們與她的觀點(diǎn)一致。believe it or not“信不信由你”。,5．(2012·江蘇改編)________(base) an important decision more on emotion than on reason, you will regret it sooner or later. 答案：Basing 考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。you與base之間是邏輯上的主謂關(guān)系，故用現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語(yǔ)，表主動(dòng)。句意：如果憑情感而不是理智作出這個(gè)決定，你遲早會(huì)后悔的。 6．(2011·浙江改編)The school isn't the one I really wanted to go to, but I suppose I'll just have to make ________ best of it. 答案：the 句意：這個(gè)學(xué)校不是我真正想去的，但是我認(rèn)為我不得不充分利用它了。make the best of充分利用，妥善處理。,