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2019-2020年高中英語(yǔ) Module 4 Great Scientists教案 外研版必修4 【美文閱讀】 What makes a person a scientist? Does he have ways or tools of learning that are different from those of others? The answer is“no”．It isnt the tools a scientist uses but how he uses these tools that make him a scientist.You will probably agree that knowing how to use a power is important to a carpenter. You will probably agree，too，that knowing how to investigate，how to discover information，is important to everyone.The scientist，however，goes one step further；he must be sure that he has a reasonable answer to his question and that his answers he gets to many questions are into a large set of ideas about how the world works. The scientists knowledge must be exact.Theres no room for half right or right just half the time.He must be as nearly right as the conditions permit.What works under one set of conditions at one time must work under the same conditions at other times. If the conditions are different，any changes the scientist observes in a demonstration must be explained by the changes in the conditions.This is one reason why investigations are important in science.Albert Einstein，who developed the Theory of Relativity，arrived at this theory through mathematics.The accuracy of his mathematics was later tested through investigation.Einsteins ideas were proved to be correct.A scientist uses many tools for measurements.Then the measurements are used to make mathematical calculations that may test his investigations. 【誘思導(dǎo)學(xué)】　 Can you list some great scientists? What can you learn from her or him? 【答案】　略 Period ⅠPreviewing (教師用書獨(dú)具) ●教學(xué)目標(biāo) 本課時(shí)主要是通過(guò)學(xué)生對(duì)學(xué)案所給出的內(nèi)容的學(xué)習(xí)，了解本課文中所出現(xiàn)的詞匯，初步了解課文以及相關(guān)的背景知識(shí)，對(duì)下一堂課對(duì)課文的全面理解起到一個(gè)鋪墊作用。 ●教學(xué)地位 該部分包括三個(gè)活動(dòng)，主要任務(wù)是學(xué)習(xí)詞匯。作用有兩點(diǎn)：(1)通過(guò)圖片、學(xué)科名稱等內(nèi)容的呈現(xiàn)，引出本模塊的中心話題——偉大的科學(xué)家；(2)通過(guò)詞匯、句子層面的練習(xí)為本話題的學(xué)習(xí)做語(yǔ)言鋪墊。這一部分是整個(gè)模塊學(xué)習(xí)的熱身活動(dòng)。 (教師用書獨(dú)具) ●新課導(dǎo)入建議 根據(jù)課本上的插圖(四位科學(xué)家)，或者提供更多的插圖，提問(wèn)并回答以下問(wèn)題。然后導(dǎo)入新課。 1)Whats his/her name? 2) What did he/she invent or discover? 3) When did he/she invent or discover it? ●教學(xué)流程設(shè)計(jì) ??　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　? ?? 　　　　　? ?? 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　? ?? 　　　　　? Ⅰ.篇章結(jié)構(gòu) 閱讀文章，完成下面表格(每空不超過(guò)3個(gè)詞) Yuan Longping: a(n)1. in the ricegrowing world. 2. a boy He studied in many schools and liked asking questions. From an early age He was interested in 3. . In college He studied 4. . As a young teacher He began experiments in crop 5. .He thought that the only way to produce more rice more quickly is by crossing different 6. of rice plant. In 1966 The results of his experiments were7. in China. In 1970 He discovered a naturally sterile male rice plant，which was a 8. . In the 1990s Because of his discoveries，Chinese rice production rose by 47.5 percent.50 thousand square kilometres of rice fields were 9. to growing vegetables and other cash crops. In the following years His rice was 10. to other countries. 【答案】　1.leading figure　2.As　3.plants　4.agriculture 5．breeding　6.species　7.published　8.breakthrough　9.converted　10.exported Ⅱ.語(yǔ)篇理解 閱讀P32的Reading and Vocabulary部分，從每題所給的3個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳答案 1．Why was Yuan given the nickname“the student who asks questions”？ A．Because he was stupid. B．Because he did not learn well in the class. C．Because he was curious about the lessons and wanted to learn more. 2．When did he begin experiments in crop breeding? A．When he was in college. B．When he was a young teacher. C．When he was supported by the government. 3．How could he manage to produce more rice quickly? A．By crossing different species of rice plant. B．By planting more rice. C．By bringing in rice from other countries. 4．Which reason is NOT true for Yuans success? A．Researchers were brought in from all over China to help him. B．He was supported by the government. C．He wanted to get more money from the experiments. 5．What is the advantage of Yuans discovery? A．Chinese rice production rose by 45.7 percent. B．Many rice fields were converted to growing vegetables and other cash crops. C．Both A and B. 【答案】　1－5　CBACB Ⅲ.課文縮寫 用所給單詞或短語(yǔ)的正確形式完成課文縮寫 nickname；convert；figure；bring up；by；as a result；sterile；breakthrough；experiment；cash crops Yuan Longping is a leading 1. in the ricegrowing world.He was born and 2. in China.When he was at school，he was interested in plants and was given the 3. “the student who asks questions”．As a young teacher，he began 4. in crop breeding.He thought there was only one way to have more rice quickly.That was to cross different species of rice plant. Then he began his search for a special type of rice plant.It had to be male and 5. .When the naturally sterile male rice plant was discovered in 1970，it was a 6. .7. ，Chinas rice production rose 8. 47.5% in the 1990s.And 50 thousand square kilometres of rice fields were 9. to growing vegetables and other 10. . 【答案】　1.figure　2.brought up　3.nickname　4.experiments　5.sterile　6.breakthrough　7.As a result　8.by　9.converted　10.cash crops Ⅰ.詞義搭配 1．leading　　　　A．existing or happening first，before other people or things 2．figure B．change(sth.)from one form or use to another 3．original C．the business of selling and sending goods to other countries 4．breakthrough D．how good or bad something is 5．support E．to start doing something instead of another person，or start being used instead of another thing 6．convert F．a(chǎn)n amount of something that can be counted or measured 7．export G．most important；chief 8．replace H．a(chǎn)n important new discovery in something you are studying，especially one made after trying for a long time 9．quantity I．help sb./sth. by ones approval or sympathy or by giving money 10．quality J．someone who is important or famous in some way 【答案】　1.G　2.J　3.A　4.H　5.I　6.B　7.C　8.E 9．F　10.D Ⅱ.短語(yǔ)填空 bring up；make a breakthrough；as a result of；bring in；the key to 1． the fire，thousands of people lost their homes. 2．He in the country，so he was not used to the city life. 3． learning English well is to practice a lot. 4．After thousands of experiments，the researchers finally a big . 5．We need to a lot more new business. 【答案】　1.As a result of　2.was brought up　3.The key to　4.made；breakthrough　5.bring in Ⅲ.句型背誦 1．As a boy he was educated in many schools and was given the nickname，“the student who asks questions”． 小時(shí)候，他在許多學(xué)校讀過(guò)書，得了個(gè)“問(wèn)問(wèn)題的學(xué)生”的綽號(hào)。 2．He thought that the key to feeding people was to have more rice and to produce it more quickly. 他認(rèn)為，解決人們吃飯問(wèn)題的關(guān)鍵在于擁有更多的大米，并且能更快地生產(chǎn)出來(lái)。 3．He thought there was only one way to do this—by crossing different species of rice plant，and then he could produce a new plant which could give a higher yield than either of the original plants. 他認(rèn)為，唯一的辦法就是使不同種類的水稻雜交，這樣才能培育出比原先任何一種水稻產(chǎn)量都要高的新品種。Period ⅡIntroduction & Reading and Vocabulary (教師用書獨(dú)具) ●教學(xué)目標(biāo) 1．熟記學(xué)案中所列出的單詞和短語(yǔ)。 2．通過(guò)學(xué)案中所給出的重點(diǎn)單詞和重點(diǎn)短語(yǔ)的學(xué)習(xí)，讓學(xué)生能夠正確理解和使用這些單詞和短語(yǔ)，能夠運(yùn)用這些詞語(yǔ)造句。 3．通過(guò)對(duì)這些詞匯的理解能夠更深層次地理解課文，并通過(guò)課文加深對(duì)這些詞匯的理解，更加熟練地運(yùn)用這些詞匯。 ●教學(xué)地位 該部分是本模塊的閱讀主課文，講的是我國(guó)著名科學(xué)家袁隆平年少時(shí)好學(xué)善問(wèn)，長(zhǎng)大后專心研究雜交水稻，取得巨大成功的故事，對(duì)學(xué)生有很好的教育意義。閱讀后的三個(gè)練習(xí)主要針對(duì)新詞匯的學(xué)習(xí)而設(shè)計(jì)。 (教師用書獨(dú)具) ●新課導(dǎo)入建議 教師引導(dǎo)學(xué)生讀文章標(biāo)題，猜測(cè)課文內(nèi)容?？梢赃@樣提問(wèn)： 1) The title of this passage is The Student Who Asked Questions. In your opinion, will the passage be about something or about someone? 2) When a passage is about someone, usually what does the writer write about him/her? 3) Do you think that the writer wrote about how the student studied in school? Did the writer write about what he did when he grew up? Why? 然后導(dǎo)入新課。 ●教學(xué)流程設(shè)計(jì) ??讓學(xué)生就“課堂互動(dòng)探究”(見學(xué)案第47頁(yè))進(jìn)行討論，讓學(xué)生各自發(fā)表自己的見解，然后讓各個(gè)討論組派代表匯報(bào)各自討論結(jié)果。 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　? ?? 　　　　　? ? 1．figure n．人物；體形；圖案；畫像；數(shù)字；隱約可見的人影；vt.認(rèn)為；估計(jì) In the ricegrowing world，the Chinese scientist，Yuan Longping，is a leading figure.(教材P32) 在水稻種植領(lǐng)域，中國(guó)科學(xué)家袁隆平是一位杰出人物。 The figure of the figures on show is 108. 所展出的畫像數(shù)目是108個(gè)。 I could see a dark figure in the distance. 我能看到遠(yuǎn)處有一個(gè)黑色的人影。 ①keep ones figure保持優(yōu)美體形 ②figure out弄明白；計(jì)算出 figure on計(jì)劃；指望 figure sth.in將某物包括在內(nèi)；計(jì)算在內(nèi) 　 She does exercise every morning to keep her figure. 她每天早上做運(yùn)動(dòng)以保持體形。 We must figure out how to solve the problem. 我們必須考慮如何解決這個(gè)問(wèn)題。 寫出下列句子中figure 的漢語(yǔ)意思 ①By xx，this figure had risen to 14 million. ②His sister is a leading figure in the music industry. ③Shes always had a good figure. ④The wall was covered with figures of birds and flowers. 【答案】?、贁?shù)字?、谌宋铩、垠w形?、軋D形 2．bring up培育；養(yǎng)育；提出；嘔吐 Yuan Longping was born and brought up in China.(教材P32)袁隆平在中國(guó)出生并長(zhǎng)大。 Why did you have to bring up the subject of money? 你為什么非要提錢這個(gè)話題呢？ He was so ill that he brought up everything. 他病得厲害，把所有東西都吐出來(lái)了。 bring down降低 bring about導(dǎo)致；引起 bring back歸還；恢復(fù)；回想 bring in賺(錢)；帶進(jìn)；傳入 bring out闡明；使顯現(xiàn)；出版 What brought about the change in his attitude? 是什么使他改變了態(tài)度？ The photos brought back many pleasant memories. 那些照片給人帶來(lái)很多美好回憶。 【對(duì)接高考】 (2011福建高考)Born into a family with three brothers，David was to value the sense of sharing. A．brought up B．turned down C．looked after D．held back 【解析】　考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)。David出生在有三個(gè)兄弟的家庭，受到要重視分享的教育。bring up“養(yǎng)育，教養(yǎng)”；turn down“關(guān)小，拒絕”；look after“照料”；hold back“阻礙”。 【答案】　A 用適當(dāng)?shù)慕樵~/副詞填空 ①Do these stories bring any memories? ②The government is trying to bring the level of unemployment. ③The boys bring 60 pounds a week. ④Please bring your plan at the meeting. 【答案】?、賐ack?、赿own?、踚n　④up 3．He thought that the key to feeding people was to have more rice and to produce it more quickly.(教材P32)他認(rèn)為，解決人們吃飯問(wèn)題的關(guān)鍵在于擁有更多的大米，并且能更快地生產(chǎn)出來(lái)。 (1)本句中that引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句，賓語(yǔ)從句的主語(yǔ)是the key to feeding people，動(dòng)詞不定式短語(yǔ)to have more rice和to produce it more quickly作表語(yǔ)，表示對(duì)主語(yǔ)的解釋說(shuō)明。若主語(yǔ)部分含有實(shí)義動(dòng)詞do的某種形式，則表語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞不定式中的不定式符號(hào)to可以省略。 The important thing is to save lives.救人要緊。 The only thing that she wants to do now is(to)go for a holiday.現(xiàn)在她想做的唯一的事就是去度假。 【提示】　如果主語(yǔ)是不定式(表示條件)，表語(yǔ)也是不定式(表示結(jié)果)。 To do two things at a time is to do neither. 一次做兩件事等于未做。 完成句子 ①她的理想是當(dāng)醫(yī)生。 Her ambition is . ②我要建議的是推遲這次會(huì)議。 What I would suggest is . 【答案】?、賢o be a doctor　②to put off the meeting (2)本句中key作“關(guān)鍵”解，常與介詞to連用。 The key to solving the problem is to reduce pollution. 解決該問(wèn)題的關(guān)鍵是減少污染。 Honesty is the key to building a harmonious society. 誠(chéng)信是建設(shè)和諧社會(huì)的關(guān)鍵。 常與to搭配的名詞有： the answer to the question問(wèn)題的答案 the entrance to the building大樓的入口 the note to the text課文的注釋 the change to the plan計(jì)劃的變動(dòng) the key to the door門的鑰匙 　 Who knows the answer to this question? 誰(shuí)知道這個(gè)問(wèn)題的答案？ There is a front and a back entrance to the house. 這所房子有一個(gè)前門和一個(gè)后門。 單項(xiàng)填空 ③Youd better calm down and think of a solution as quickly as possible! Thats the key our project successfully. A．to finish B．to finishing C．finishing D．finish 【解析】　句意：你最好冷靜下來(lái)盡快想一個(gè)解決方案。這才是成功完成我們這個(gè)項(xiàng)目的關(guān)鍵。名詞the key后常跟to doing sth.表示“做某事的關(guān)鍵”，符合句意，故B項(xiàng)正確。 【答案】　B 4．support vt.支持；支撐；供養(yǎng)n.支持；擁護(hù) The research was supported by the government.(教材P32)這項(xiàng)研究得到了政府的贊助。 Thanks for all your support at this difficult time. 謝謝你在這個(gè)困難時(shí)刻給予的幫助。 The bridge will fall down if we dont add more support. 如果我們不多加支撐，那座橋就會(huì)倒塌。 ①support sb.in sth.在……方面支持某人 support ones family養(yǎng)家糊口 ②e to ones support來(lái)支持某人 in support of...支持…… Will you support me in my campaign for election? 你支持我參加競(jìng)選嗎？ He spoke in support of the plan. 他發(fā)言支持這個(gè)計(jì)劃。 完成句子 ①政府支持這些組織提出的要求。 The government the unions their demand. ②只有少數(shù)幾個(gè)人表示支持這個(gè)計(jì)劃。 Only a few people spoke this plan. ③她需要一份高收入來(lái)養(yǎng)活這么一大家子。 She needs a high ine to . 【答案】?、賡upported；in　②in support of?、踫upport such a big family 5．a(chǎn)s a result of由于……的結(jié)果 As a result of Yuan Longpings discoveries Chinese rice production rose by 47.5 percent in the 1990s.(教材P32) 由于袁隆平的發(fā)現(xiàn)，中國(guó)的水稻產(chǎn)量在20世紀(jì)90年代增長(zhǎng)了47.5%。 He won the scholarship as a result of his hard work. 由于學(xué)習(xí)努力，他獲得了獎(jiǎng)學(xué)金。 ①as a result結(jié)果 ②result in導(dǎo)致，造成……后果 result from由……引起，因……產(chǎn)生 　 Our efforts resulted in success. 我們的努力終于成功了． His illness resulted from bad food. 他的病是由于吃了變質(zhì)的食物所致。 as a result/as a result of as a result 副詞短語(yǔ)，意為“因此，結(jié)果”，后面通常接句子，作插入語(yǔ)。 as a result of 介詞短語(yǔ)，意為“由于，因?yàn)椤保竺嫱ǔ＝用~或動(dòng)名詞。 　 She didnt study hard，as a result，she failed in the exam. 她學(xué)習(xí)不努力，結(jié)果沒(méi)通過(guò)考試。 句型轉(zhuǎn)換 ①His carelessness resulted in his being fired. →His being fired his carelessness. ②The sports meeting was put off as a result of the bad weather. →The weather was bad， ，the sports meeting was put off. 【答案】?、賠esulted from?、赼s a result 6．convert vt.轉(zhuǎn)變；轉(zhuǎn)換 50 thousand square kilometres of rice fields were converted to growing vegetables and other cash crops.(教材P32) 5萬(wàn)平方千米的稻田被用來(lái)種植蔬菜和其他經(jīng)濟(jì)作物。 The solar cell can convert the energy of sunlight into electric energy. 太陽(yáng)能電池能把陽(yáng)光的能量轉(zhuǎn)化為電能。 convert sth.(from sth.)into /to sth.把……(從……)轉(zhuǎn)變?yōu)椤? convert sb.from sth.to sth.使人改變，轉(zhuǎn)變信仰 　 My daughter has converted me from opera to pop music. 我女兒使我從喜歡歌劇轉(zhuǎn)而喜歡流行音樂(lè)。 The room was converted from a kitchen to a toilet. 這房間由廚房改成了廁所。 單項(xiàng)填空 Though he didnt agree with us at first，we soon him to our way of thinking. A．converted B．transferred C．supported D．exchanged 【解析】　句意：起初他不同意我們，但我們很快使他向我們的思考方式轉(zhuǎn)變。convert“改變(觀點(diǎn)、習(xí)慣、信仰等)”；transfer“(使)轉(zhuǎn)移，改變(環(huán)境)”；support“支持”；exchange“交換”。 【答案】　A 7．replace vt.取代；以……代替；放回 The new rice replaced vegetables in 50 thousand square kilometres.(教材P32) 這種新的水稻取代了5萬(wàn)平方千米的蔬菜。 Can anything replace a mothers love and care? 有什么東西能取代母親的愛(ài)和關(guān)懷嗎？ You must replace the books on the shelves before you leave. 離開之前你必須把書放回到書架上。 replace...with/by...用……代替/替換…… replace sb./sth.＝take the place of sb./sth.＝take ones place代替某人(某物)(動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)) in place of取代，替代(介詞短語(yǔ)) 　 I replaced the wornout tires with/by new ones. 我用新輪胎替換了磨損不堪的舊輪胎。 Plastics are now often used in place of wood or metal. 現(xiàn)在塑料經(jīng)常被用來(lái)代替木料或金屬。 Nowadays plastics have taken the place of many conventional materials. 現(xiàn)在塑料已代替了許多傳統(tǒng)材料。 句型轉(zhuǎn)換 ①puters will never take the place of teachers in the future. →puters will never teachers in the future. ②She put back the cup carefully in the saucer. →She the cup carefully in the saucer. ③Your maths teacher is ill.I will replace him today. →Your maths teacher is ill，I will him today. 【答案】　①replace?、趓eplaced　③take the place of 8．quantity n．?dāng)?shù)量 A yield refers to quantity.(教材P33) 產(chǎn)量指的是(食品的)數(shù)量。 There is a small quantity of water left in the bottle. 瓶子里還剩下少量的水。 Quality often matters more than quantity. 質(zhì)量往往比數(shù)量更重要。 ①a large quantity of＋ n．[U/C]大量的 large quantities of＋ n．[U/C]大量的；許多的 in quantity大量地 ②quality n．質(zhì)，質(zhì)量[U] ；特性，品質(zhì)[C] 【提示】　(large) quantities of做主語(yǔ)時(shí)，不管of后面跟可數(shù)名詞或不可數(shù)名詞，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞都用復(fù)數(shù)形式。 Its cheaper to buy goods in quantity. 大量地購(gòu)物要便宜些。 She has quantities of good clothes. 她有許多好衣服。 完成句子 ①圖書館里有大量的書。 There are books in the library. ②那家印刷公司成批地買紙。 The printing office buys paper . 【答案】?、賏 large quantity of/quantities of ②in quantity Period ⅢIntegrating Skills & Grammar (教師用書獨(dú)具) ●教學(xué)目標(biāo) 1．熟記學(xué)案中所列出的單詞和短語(yǔ)。 2．通過(guò)學(xué)案中所給出的重點(diǎn)單詞和重點(diǎn)短語(yǔ)的學(xué)習(xí)，讓學(xué)生能夠正確理解和使用這些單詞和短語(yǔ)，能夠運(yùn)用這些詞語(yǔ)造句。 3．聽懂課文中所給出的聽力材料。 4．通過(guò)對(duì)語(yǔ)法的教學(xué)讓學(xué)生能夠理解并能夠正確運(yùn)用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)和“by＋v.ing”的用法。 ●教學(xué)地位 GRAMMAR 1部分通過(guò)改寫句子、動(dòng)詞填空、完成句子等不同形式的練習(xí)來(lái)復(fù)習(xí)一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)、一般過(guò)去時(shí)、一般將來(lái)時(shí)和現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。GRAMMAR 2學(xué)習(xí)介詞by＋動(dòng)詞的ing形式在句中充當(dāng)狀語(yǔ)，常表示“通過(guò)某種方式”的用法。 FUNCTION學(xué)習(xí)如何正確朗讀數(shù)字，包括位數(shù)較多的數(shù)字、分?jǐn)?shù)和百分?jǐn)?shù)。LISTENING AND VOCABULARY部分聽力活動(dòng)以知識(shí)競(jìng)賽的形式呈現(xiàn)給學(xué)生關(guān)于科學(xué)家愛(ài)因斯坦和霍金的信息，要求學(xué)生把握主要信息，回答問(wèn)題、完成句子并正確理解個(gè)別單詞的正確含義。READING AND WRITING部分閱讀內(nèi)容是順序打亂的三個(gè)段落，介紹科學(xué)家霍金的生平。要求學(xué)生先閱讀，再將打亂的段落排出正確順序。熟悉人物生平介紹類文章的主要特點(diǎn)：通常按時(shí)間順序介紹人物。然后要求學(xué)生挑選部分介紹愛(ài)因斯坦的信息，組成一篇短文，介紹他的生平。這是一個(gè)很好的連句成篇的控制性寫作練習(xí)。EVERYDAY ENGLISH部分注意nickname，pass，well done等在日常交際用語(yǔ)中的運(yùn)用。 (教師用書獨(dú)具) ●新課導(dǎo)入建議 通過(guò)對(duì)學(xué)生作業(yè)的檢查導(dǎo)入本堂新課。 ●教學(xué)流程設(shè)計(jì) ??讓學(xué)生就“要點(diǎn)講練”(見學(xué)案第50頁(yè))進(jìn)行討論，讓學(xué)生各自發(fā)表自己的見解，然后讓各個(gè)討論組派代表匯報(bào)各自討論結(jié)果。　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　? ?? 　　　　　? ?? 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　? 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　? 1．be known for因……而出名 What is Einstein known for？(教材P36) 愛(ài)因斯坦因何而出名？ She is best known for her roles in classic films. 她最出名的是她在經(jīng)典影片中的角色。 be known/famous as作為……而出名 be known to被……所知 be famous for因……而聞名 　 The singer is known to the younger generation. 這位歌手被年輕的一代所熟知。 This city is known/famous as a green tea production place. 這個(gè)城市作為綠茶的生產(chǎn)地而出名。 用適當(dāng)?shù)慕樵~填空 ①Liu Xaoqing is known an actress. ②It is known us that Lang Lang is a famous pianist. ③Hangzhou is famous its West Lake. 【答案】?、賏s?、趖o?、踗or 2．brief adj. 簡(jiǎn)短的；簡(jiǎn)潔的n.摘要；大綱 His book A Brief History of Time was published in 1988 and is still a bestseller.(教材P37) 他的著作《時(shí)間簡(jiǎn)史》于1988年發(fā)表，直到現(xiàn)在還是一本暢銷書。 Here is the brief of this book.這是這本書的摘要。 He wrote me a brief letter because of the shortage of time. 因?yàn)闀r(shí)間緊迫，他給我寫了一封短信。 in brief總之；簡(jiǎn)短地 in short總之；簡(jiǎn)言之 to be brief簡(jiǎn)單地說(shuō) In brief，the meeting was a failure. 總之，那次會(huì)議失敗了。 完成句子 ①簡(jiǎn)單地說(shuō)，我們不能接受這樣的建議。 To ，we cant accept such advice. ②總之，你做得不好。 ，your work is bad. 【答案】　①be brief?、贗n brief 3．earn ones living謀生 Albert Einstein got a job in an office to earn his living.(教材P37)愛(ài)因斯坦得到一份辦公室的工作來(lái)謀生。 She earned her living by teaching. 她以教書為生。 earn/make ones/a living謀生 earn sb. a praise/a reputation為某人贏得贊揚(yáng)/名聲 earn a high salary掙得高工資 My brother earns/makes his living by selling books/as a bookseller. 我弟弟以賣書為生。 【對(duì)接高考】 (2011遼寧高考)You are old enough to your own living. A．win　　　 B．gain C．take D．earn 【解析】　考查固定短語(yǔ)。句意：你的年齡已經(jīng)足以自己謀生了。earn/make ones living“謀生”，為固定短語(yǔ)，故D項(xiàng)正確。 【答案】　D 完成句子 ①這位老人靠兼職秘書為生。 The old man a parttime secretary. ②她十五歲就開始獨(dú)自謀生。 She began to at the age of 15. 【答案】?、賓arns/makes his living as?、趀arn/make her living 4．e to power掌權(quán)；上臺(tái) Albert Einstein left Germany when Hitler came to power and went to work in the US.(教材P37) 愛(ài)因斯坦在希特勒掌權(quán)時(shí)離開了德國(guó)去美國(guó)工作。 The party came to power at the last election. 這個(gè)政黨是在上次大選中當(dāng)選執(zhí)政的。 in power當(dāng)權(quán)，執(zhí)政 in ones power為某人力所能及 within/beyond ones power力所能及/超出某人的能力范圍 have/hold power over sth.對(duì)……有控制權(quán) 　 How long has he been in power？他上臺(tái)多久了？ It is beyond/not within my power to help you. 我沒(méi)有能力幫助你。 I will do everything in my power to help you. 我愿盡我的力量幫助你。 She has a lot of power over the people in her team. 她對(duì)隊(duì)里的人有很大的影響力。 完成句子 ①這個(gè)政黨是何時(shí)掌權(quán)的？ When did the party ？ ②這個(gè)政黨當(dāng)權(quán)十年了。 The party for ten years. ③并不是我不想幫忙，而是我能力有限。 Not that I dont want to help you，but that its to do so. 【答案】?、賓 to power?、趆as been in power ③beyond my power 　觀察下列從Reading and Vocabulary中選取的句子，體會(huì)“被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)及by＋ v．ing形式”的用法。 ①Rice is also grown in many other Asian countries，and in some European countries like Italy. ②Yuan Longping was born and brought up in China. ③As a boy，he was educated in many schools and was given the nickname，“the student who asks questions”． ④He thought there was only one way to do this—by crossing different species of rice plant，and then he could produce a new plant which could give a higher yield than either of the original plants. ⑤The results of his experiments were published in China in 1966. ⑥Finally，in 1970 a naturally sterile male rice plant was discovered. ⑦Researchers were brought in from all over China to develop the new system. ⑧The research was supported by the government. ⑨50 thousand square kilometers of rice fields were converted to growing vegetables and other cash crops. ⑩Following this，Yuan Longpings rice was exported to other countries，such as Pakistan and the Philippines. ?In Pakistan rice is the second most important crop after wheat and will be grown in many parts of the country. ?The new hybrid rice has been developed by the Yuan Longping Hightech Agricultural pany of China. [自我總結(jié)] 英語(yǔ)中動(dòng)詞有兩種語(yǔ)態(tài)：主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)和被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)表示主語(yǔ)是動(dòng)作的 ；被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)表示主語(yǔ)是動(dòng)作的 ，動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者可用 引出。被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的一般構(gòu)成：助動(dòng)詞be＋ 動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞；含情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的謂語(yǔ)變被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)時(shí)，其