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2019-2020年高中英語(yǔ) Unit3 Australia 知識(shí)點(diǎn)匯總 新人教版選修9 New words 1. associate 使聯(lián)系；結(jié)交；合伙人；同事 associate…with 把。。。和。。。聯(lián)系起來(lái) associate with與。。。交往 associated (adj)有關(guān)聯(lián)的，有聯(lián)系的 association (n)聯(lián)合；交往 2. adequate 適當(dāng)?shù)?；足夠? be adequate for/to適合；能滿足于 be adequate to do 足夠做某事 adequacy (n)適合；足夠 【相關(guān)鏈接】adequate和 enough的辨析 adequate 通常指數(shù)量上和質(zhì)量上滿足要求 enough偏重?cái)?shù)量的足夠 The prisoners received adequate food.犯人們領(lǐng)取相當(dāng)好的食物。（質(zhì)好或量足） The prisoners received enough food.犯人們領(lǐng)取足夠吃的食物。（指量） 3.defence 防衛(wèi)；辯護(hù) in defence of 保衛(wèi)；保護(hù)；為。。。辯護(hù) out of defence for 處于為。。。辯護(hù) defence against 對(duì)。。。的防御 e/rush/leap/spring to sb’s defence挺身為某人辯白 defenceless (adj )無(wú)防御的 defend (vt)防衛(wèi)；保護(hù) 4.tax (n) 稅，稅款，負(fù)擔(dān)，壓力 (vt) 對(duì)。。。征稅 pay/impose/introduce/levy/put a tax on 對(duì)。。。征稅 pay money in tax付稅金 taxable (adj)可征稅的 5.celebration (c/u)慶祝，慶典 hold a celebration 舉行慶祝會(huì) in celebration of 慶祝 celebrate(vt) sth慶祝某事 【相關(guān)鏈接】 congratulate (vt) sb on sth祝賀某人某事 congratulations (pl.) to sb on (doing)sth 6.tolerate 忍受，容忍 tolerate /bear/stand doing sth容許做某事 tolerance /toleration(n)忍受；容忍；寬容 tolerant (adj)忍受的；容忍的 tolerable (adj)可忍受的，可寬容的 7.migrant(c)移居者，移民，候鳥(niǎo) migration(c/u)移居 migrate(vt)移居 8.out of respect處于尊敬 out of respect for出于對(duì)。。。的尊敬 as respects關(guān)于；至于 in respect to /of關(guān)于，就。。。而言 with respect恕我直言 with respect to至于，關(guān)于 in all/other/some respects在各／其他／某些方面 in every respect 在各方面 in no respect完全不 9.reservation預(yù)訂；保留 make reservations for預(yù)訂 cancel the reservations取消預(yù)訂 without reservation 無(wú)保留地；無(wú)條件地 with some reservations 有所保留地 reserve (vt)/(n)預(yù)訂；保留 reserved (adj)預(yù)訂的；保留的 10.sow 播種；傳播 sow the seeds of 播下。。。的種子 sow sth with sth在某地播種某物 reap as one has sown自食其果 sower (n)播種者；播種機(jī)；傳播者 11.bachelor 單身漢；學(xué)士 【相關(guān)鏈接】Bachelor of Arts/Science文（理）學(xué)士 a bachelor’s degree學(xué)士學(xué)位 master碩士 doctor博士 12.correspond通信；符合 correspond with sb與某人通信 correspond to /with sth于某事物相一致／符合 correspondence/correspondency (n)符合；一致 correspondent (n)類(lèi)似物 corresponding (adj)符合的，一致的；通訊的 13.owe感激；欠 owe sb sth/owe sth to sb欠某人某物／把某事歸功于某人 owe sb for sth欠某人某物／因某事而感激某人 owe it to oneself to do sth認(rèn)為自己應(yīng)該／有必要做某事 owing (adj)欠著的 14.desperate不顧一切的；絕望的；極度渴望的 be desperate at 因。。。而絕望 be desperate for sth/to do sth極度渴望做某事 desperately (adv)絕望地 desperateness/desperation (n)絕望 15.shrink收縮，縮短 shrink back 退縮，畏縮 shrink from回避 shrink into oneself縮作一團(tuán)；變得沉默寡言 shrink up（因害羞）畏畏縮縮 shrinkable (adj)會(huì)收縮的 shrinkage (n)收縮，縮水 16.talk…into說(shuō)服。。。做 talk/persuade sb into doing sth說(shuō)服某人做某事 talk /persuade sb out of (doing ) sth說(shuō)服某人放棄做某事 17.wind繞；纏；彎曲 wind down完全松開(kāi)，放松一下 wind off 解開(kāi)，松開(kāi) wind up 卷緊，上緊。。。的發(fā)條 18.recover 痊愈；復(fù)原 recover from經(jīng)歷。。。以后恢復(fù)原狀 recover oneself 恢復(fù)正常狀態(tài) recovery(n)復(fù)原；恢復(fù) 19.unconscious未發(fā)覺(jué)得；無(wú)意識(shí)的 be unconscious of 未察覺(jué)到；未意識(shí)到 unconsciously (adv)無(wú)意地；不知不覺(jué)地 unconsciousness (n)昏迷 Reading 1 1. mon (adj) 共同的，普遍的，常見(jiàn)的 【相關(guān)鏈接】 mon knowledge/sense 常識(shí) mon people 老百姓 have sth in mon with sb 與某人有共同之處 have nothing in mon with sb與某人沒(méi)有共同之處 反義詞：unmon (adj) 2. include (vt) 包括，包含 【相關(guān)鏈接】 n/pron. +included including + n/pron included (adj) : eg. Everyone laughed , me included.(每個(gè)人都笑了，包括我) including (prep.) :eg. Everyone laughed, including me. 3. sb be famous for 某人因某種知識(shí)技能而出名 sb be famous as 某人以某種職業(yè)身份而出名 eg1.Einstein was famous for his Theory of Relativity.愛(ài)因斯坦因相對(duì)論而出名。 2.Einstein was famous as a great scientist. 愛(ài)因斯坦以一位偉大的科學(xué)家著稱(chēng)。 Sp be famous for 某地以某種特產(chǎn)而出名 Sp be famous as 以什么樣的產(chǎn)地或地方而出名 eg.1The area is famous for its green tea.這個(gè)地區(qū)以綠茶出名。 2.The area is famous as a green tea producing place.這個(gè)地區(qū)是產(chǎn)綠茶的地區(qū)。 4. be popular with受。。。歡迎 eg. He is popular with his students. 5. be made up of : 由。。。組成 eg. Our class is made up of 50 students. 【相關(guān)鏈接】 consist of : 由。。。組成（無(wú)進(jìn)行時(shí)和被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)） eg. Our class consists of 50 students. be made of 由。。。制成（看得見(jiàn)原材料） be made from由。。。制成（看不見(jiàn)原材料） be made in 產(chǎn)于某地 be made out of 用。。。制成 make out 辨認(rèn)；理解 make up編造，虛構(gòu)，組成，構(gòu)成，化妝 make up for彌補(bǔ)，補(bǔ)償 make use of 利用 make up one’s mind下決心 6. be located 位于 eg. The information office is located in the city center.咨詢(xún)處位于市中心。 7. consider doing考慮做某事 eg. I am considering changing my job. consider sb/sth to be /to do sth認(rèn)為。。。 consider sb to have done認(rèn)為某人已經(jīng)做了某事 eg.We consider this (to be ) very important. consider …（as）=regard …as=treat…as=think of …as=look on/upon …as把。。。當(dāng)作 considering (prep.) 就。。。而言；考慮到 8. 祈使句+and/or(else)+陳述句 eg1.Go straight ahead, and you will find a supermarket.(and表并列 ) 2.Give him some food or(else) he will starve.(or“否則” ) Reading 2 1. home to …….產(chǎn)地 2. the majority大多數(shù)+單數(shù)動(dòng)詞/復(fù)數(shù)動(dòng)詞（強(qiáng)調(diào)整體時(shí)用單數(shù)動(dòng)詞，強(qiáng)調(diào)個(gè)體用復(fù)數(shù)動(dòng)詞） eg The majority is /are against the plan. a/the majority of+復(fù)數(shù)名詞：謂語(yǔ)用復(fù)數(shù) A/The majority of people seem to prefer TV to radio. 3.while [然而] eg. He is a doctor while I am a teacher. [當(dāng)。。。時(shí)候]eg.My wife kept silent while I was writing. [盡管] eg.While I admit that there are some problems ,I don’t agree that they can’t be solved. 4.all but除。。。以外都；幾乎，差不多 【與all相關(guān)的詞組】 above all首先；最重要的 after all畢竟 all in all總的說(shuō)來(lái) all around在。。。周?chē)?，各? all over全身 all at once突然；馬上 for all盡管 5.be harmless to 對(duì)。。。無(wú)害 be harmful to (adj)=do harm to(u)對(duì)。。。有害 6.no more than 僅僅 not more than至多，不超過(guò) no more…than和。。。一樣不（兩者的否定） Jack is no more diligent than John.杰克和約翰都不勤奮。 not more…than不如。。。（前者不如后者） Jack is not more diligent than John.杰克不如約翰勤奮。 more than 超過(guò)；很，非常；并非 more…than 與其說(shuō)。。。倒不如說(shuō)。。。 She is more diligent than clever.與其說(shuō)她聰明不如說(shuō)她勤奮。 7.a handful of一把；少數(shù) eg. She invited many friends to her party, but only a handful of them turned up.