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附 錄
附錄A
Braking system function is to make the car driving in accordance with the requirements of the pilot required even slow down park; They offend car has in various road conditions (including in the slope stability) in car; Make the downhill cars speed to be stable.
For car up the role of brake is only in the car and role with the direction of the car driving direction opposite forces, and the size of these forces are random, do not control, so cars must be installed on a series of special equipment to achieve the function.
Automobile brake system is to point to to ensure that the car in technology, improve the safe driving car average speed, etc., and the admiration installed in the car brake special brake institutions. In general automobile brake system including crane brake system and parking brake two sets of independent device. One crane brake device is a driver with feet to manipulate, and it said the foot brake. Parking brake device is a pilot with the hand, so it says of the manipulation of the hand brake.
The function of the crane brake system is to make the car slow down or running in the shortest distance parking within. And parking brake function is to make had stopped the car on the road all keep still. But, sometimes, in an emergency, two braking device can be used at the same time and increase the effect of auto brake. Some special purpose of cars and often in the mountains cars, long and frequently brake will lead to crane brake system overheating, so in these cars often add all sorts of different types of auxiliary braking equipment, so as to speed up the hill stability.
According to the braking energy situation, brake system can also be divided into human brake system, power brake system, and servo brake system, three. Human brake system to the driver's physical strength as braking energy; Power brake system engine power to the transformation of the air pressure or hydraulic braking energy as; And servo brake system is the most human and engine power as a brake energy. In addition, according to the braking energy transfer mode, brake system and can be divided into mechanical and hydraulic, pneumatic type and assolenoid style wait until a few kinds.
In the types of brake system, the brake is car brake system to produce stop the traffic movement or movement trend components. Force At present, the kind used by car is friction brakes brake, also is to prevent the braking torque motor sports from fixed components and rotation of the friction between the work surface.
附錄B
制動(dòng)系統(tǒng)作用是使行駛中的汽車按照駕駛員的要求進(jìn)行強(qiáng)制減速甚至停車；使已停駛的汽車在各種道路條件下(包括在坡道上)穩(wěn)定駐車；使下坡行駛的汽車速度保持穩(wěn)定。
對(duì)汽車起制動(dòng)作用的只能是作用在汽車上且方向與汽車行駛方向相反的外力，而這些外力的大小都是隨機(jī)的、不可控制的，因此汽車上必須裝設(shè)一系列專門裝置以實(shí)現(xiàn)上述功能。
汽車制動(dòng)系統(tǒng)是指為了在技術(shù)上保證汽車的安全行駛，提高汽車的平均贊嘆速度等，而在汽車上安裝制動(dòng)裝置專門的制動(dòng)機(jī)構(gòu)。一般來說汽車制動(dòng)系統(tǒng)包括行車制動(dòng)裝置和停車制動(dòng)裝置兩套獨(dú)立的裝置。其中行車制動(dòng)裝置是由駕駛員用腳來操縱的，故又稱腳制動(dòng)裝置。停車制動(dòng)裝置是由駕駛員用手操縱的，故又稱手制動(dòng)裝置。
行車制動(dòng)裝置的功用是使正在行駛中的汽車減速或在最短的距離內(nèi)停車。而停車制動(dòng)裝置的功用是使已經(jīng)停在各種路面上的汽車保持不動(dòng)。但是，有時(shí)在緊急情況下，兩種制動(dòng)裝置可同時(shí)使用而增加汽車制動(dòng)的效果。有些特殊用途的汽車和經(jīng)常在山區(qū)行駛的汽車，長期而又頻繁地制動(dòng)將導(dǎo)致行車制動(dòng)裝置過熱，因此在這些汽車上往往增設(shè)各種不同型式的輔助制動(dòng)裝置，以便在下坡時(shí)穩(wěn)定車速。
按照制動(dòng)能源情況，制動(dòng)系還可分為人力制動(dòng)系、動(dòng)力制動(dòng)系、和伺服制動(dòng)系等3種。人力制動(dòng)系以駕駛員的體力作為制動(dòng)能源；動(dòng)力制動(dòng)系以發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)動(dòng)力所轉(zhuǎn)化的氣壓或液壓作為制動(dòng)能源；而伺服制動(dòng)系則是兼用人力和發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)動(dòng)力作為制動(dòng)能源。此外，按照制動(dòng)能量的傳遞方式，制動(dòng)系又可分為機(jī)械式、液壓式、氣壓式和電磁式等到幾種。
在種類汽車制動(dòng)系統(tǒng)中，制動(dòng)器是汽車制動(dòng)系中用以產(chǎn)生阻止車輛運(yùn)動(dòng)或運(yùn)動(dòng)趨勢的力的部件。目前，種類汽車所使用的制動(dòng)器都是摩擦制動(dòng)器，也就是阻止汽車運(yùn)動(dòng)的制動(dòng)力矩來源于固定元件和旋轉(zhuǎn)工作表面之間的摩擦。