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2019-2020年高考英語 Unit 4 Wildlife protection要點梳理+重點突破教案 新人教版必修2 要 點 梳 理 高效梳理知識備考 ●重點單詞 1．protection n．保護→protect v．保護→protective adj.保護的，防護的 2．decrease vi. & vt.減少；(使)變小或變少 3．loss n．損失；遺失；喪失→lose v．遺失，丟失→loser n．輸家；失敗者→lost adj.遺失的，失去的 4．hunt vt. & vi.打獵；獵??；搜尋 5．respond vi.回答；響應；作出反應 6．certain adj.確定的；無疑的；某種 7．contain vt.包含；容納；容忍→container n．容器 8．powerful adj.強大的；有力的→powerfully adv.有力地→power v．給……提供動力 9．affect vt.影響；感動；侵襲 10．appreciate vt.鑒賞；感激；意識到 11．succeed vi.成功 vt.接替；繼任 12．employ vt.雇用；利用(時間、精力等) 13．harm n. & vt.損害；危害→harmful adj.有害的 14．bite vt. & vi.咬；叮；刺痛→bit(過去式)→bitten(過去分詞) 15．inspect vt.檢查；視察 16．fierce adj.兇猛的；猛烈的→fiercely adv.猛烈地→fierceness n．猛烈 ●重點短語 1．die out　　　　　　　滅亡；逐漸消失 2．in peace 和平地；安詳地；和睦地 3．in danger(of) 在危險中，垂危 4．in relief 如釋重負 5．burst into laughter 突然笑起來 6．protect...from 保護……不受……(危害) 7．pay attention to 注意 8．e into being 形成；產生 9．according to 按照；根據……所說 10．do harm to 危害 11．without mercy 毫不留情地 12．respond to 對……作出回答 ●重點句型 They lived on the earth tens of millions of years ago, long before humans came into being...千百萬年前它們(恐龍)就在地球上生活，比人類的出現要早得多…… ●高考范文 (xx福建卷) 某英語報社擬成立“微笑俱樂部”，現向全球征募會員。要求申請者提交一篇題為I Want to Smile的英語短文。請你以申請者的身份，根據以下思路圖的提示用英語寫一篇短文。 注意： 1．根據思路圖適當展開，以使行文連貫； 2．詞數：120左右。 I Want to Smile ______________________________________________ ______________________________________________ [范文] I Want to Smile There are many advantages of smiling. It can not only make us happy, but also please others. If we smile at life, life will smile on us in return. So I want to smile at all whenever and wherever possible, First, I would like to smile at my parents because they have given me my life and take all the troubles to bring me up. They arrange almost everything for me. With their help, I have made great progress. I would like to say “Thank you” to them with a smile. Then my smile should go to myself, for only in this way can I gain more confidence in smiling my troubles away and live a better life. In a word, lets greet every day with a smile. Tomorrow is another day. 考 點 探 究互動探究能力備考 Ⅰ.詞匯短語過關 1．respond vi.回答，答復；響應，作出反應 response n. 回答，回復；反應 respond to sb./sth.回答(比 answer, reply to正式) respond to sb./sth. (with/ by sth.) 用……回應某人(事) respond to (疾病、身體的受傷部分)對醫(yī)藥有良好反應 response to sb./sth. (對人/物)的回答/回復/反應 in response to 作為對……的反應 [即學即練1](1)They still havent ____________ my letter. 他們至今仍沒有回我的信。 (2)He ____________ my suggestion ________ a laugh/______ laughing. 他對我的建議報以一笑。 (3)His illness didnt ____________ treatment by drugs. 他的疾病對藥物治療沒有反應。 (4)My mother opened the door ____________________ the knock, but there was no one outside. 聽到敲門聲后，我媽媽打開了門，但外面一個人都沒有。 responded to responded to with by respond to in response to 2．certain adj. 確定的；無疑的；某(種) (1)作“某(種)”講時，同義于 some。但 some 前不加冠詞。 for a certain reason＝for some reason 由于某種原因 certain professors＝some professors 某些教授 a certain amount of time 相當一段時間 (2)作“確信的，有把握的”講時，同義于 sure。但是 certain 的主語既可以是人，也可用于It is certain that...句型，而 sure 主語只能是人。 “be certain/sure＋從句”(人)有把握/確信……(表示主 語的信念) be certain/sure of/about sth. (人)確信(表示主語的信念) be certain/sure to do sth. 必定/肯定會做某事(主語常 為二、三人稱，表示說話人的信念) “make certain/sure＋從句”弄清楚/確?！? make certain/sure of/about sth. 把某件事情弄清楚 for certain/sure 確定地，確切地(做狀語) It is certain that... 一定會……(不能用 sure) [即學即練2](1)There was _________________ in his manner.他的態(tài)度有點冷淡。 (2)Are you ____________________ it？你對此有把握嗎？ (3)He is __________________ his duty. 他肯定會盡職。 (4)_________________ he has wronged me. 我確信他冤枉了我。 (5)_________________ their team will win the match. 他們隊肯定會贏得比賽。 a certain coldness certain about/of certain to do I’m certain that It’s certain that 3．contain vt. 包含；容納(＝hold)；抑制(＝control) [即學即練3](1)His paper ___________ no mistakes at all. 他的試卷沒有一點錯誤。 (2)Orange juice ____________ things which help keep you healthy. 橘汁里含有有益于健康的東西。 (3)This bottle ___________ two glasses of beer. 這個瓶子可容納兩杯啤酒。 (4)He couldnt ____________ for joy.他不勝歡喜。 contained contains contains contain himself 4．affect vt.影響；感動；(疾病)侵襲 be greatly/deeply affected　很/深受感動 be affected by heat/cold　中暑/著涼 be affected with high fever　發(fā)高燒 [即學即練4](1)The amount of rain ______ the growth of crops.降雨量直接影響莊稼生長。 (2)One of her lungs ____________ a little so that she has to rest.她的一葉肺有些感染，所以她不得不休息。 (3)The audience ____________________ by his speech. 聽眾被他的演講深深打動了。 affects is affected were deeply affected 5．appreciate vt. 欣賞；感激；喜歡 appreciation n. 欣賞；感激 appreciate sth. (thank sb.) 感激某事或某人 appreciatedoing sth.感激做某事 one/ones doing sth.感激某人做某事 I would appreciate it if... 如果……，我將不勝感激。 [即學即練5](1)He highly __________________________. 他非常感謝他的幫助。 (2)We shall ___________________________ you again. 我們將很高興再次收到您的來信。 (3)I really ____________________________ to the party. 你能來參加這次聚會我太高興了。 (4)I would ______________________ you could help me. 如果你能幫助我，我將不勝感激。 appreciated his help appreciate hearing from appreciate your ing appreciate it if 6．succeed v．成功 success n. [U]成功；成就 [C]成功的人或事 successful adj. 成功的 successfully adv. 成功地 succeed in doing sth. have success in doing sth. be successful in doing sth.成功做某事 achieve great success 取得巨大的成功 sb./sth. is a success 成功的人或事 [即學即練6](1)We all _____________________ the mid－term examination.我們都成功地通過了期中考試。 (2)Failure is the mother of __________.失敗是成功之母。 (3)He was _________________________ as a novelist. 他是非常成功的小說家。 succeeded in passing success a success 7．harm vt. & n．損害；危害 　harmful adj.有害的 be harmful to＝do harm to do sb. harm＝do harm to sb.對……有害 There is no harm in doing sth. ＝It does no harm (for sb.)to do sth. 做某事是個好主意(或沒有壞處)。 [即學即練7](1)The dog seems fierce, but it won’t ______ anyone.這條狗看上去很兇，但它不會傷害任何人。 (2)Fruit juice can ______________________ children’s teeth. 果汁可能損壞兒童的牙齒。 (3)He may say no, but ___________________________ asking.他可能拒絕，但問一問也無妨。 harm be harmful to there is no harm in 8．die out 滅亡，逐漸消失 die out 絕種，滅絕；熄滅；(風俗、習慣等)逐漸消失 die off(家族、種族等)相繼死亡；(草木)先后枯死 die away(聲音、光線、風等)漸弱，漸息，平息 die down(火、光線、興奮、暴風雨等)漸弱，漸息；(聲音) 靜下來 die of 指死于疾病、衰老、饑餓、悲傷等 die from 指由于外傷、外界原因、粗心、不注意、勞累過度 等而死 [即學即練8](1) Scientists said that those plants ______ a century ago.科學家們說那些植物一個世紀前就絕種了。 (2) Many old customs ___________________________. 許多古老的風俗正逐漸消失。 (3)If the snowstorm does not blow over, the cattle will ______________.如果暴風雪不停息，牲畜就要死掉了。 (4)Open the air hole; the fire is ___________________. 把氣孔打開，火要熄了。 died out are dying out die off dying down (5)Every winter some old people _______________ hypothermia.每年冬天都有一些老人死于體溫過低。 (6)Nowadays many people ________________ cancer. 現在有很多人死于癌癥。 die from die of 9．in danger (of...)處于危險之中 out of danger 脫離危險 [即學即練9](1)The drowned girl was obviously _________________________.很明顯，那個溺水的女孩的生命危在旦夕。 (2)The old house is _________________ collapse. 那所老房子有倒塌的危險。 (3)They were told at the hospital that their grandmother was _________________. 他們在醫(yī)院得知他們的祖母已經脫離危險了。 in immediate danger in danger of out of danger 拓展：與 in/out of 搭配的短語 in order 有秩序 in sight 看得見 in trouble 在困境中 in line 成行(隊) in place 適合/當 in fashion 時尚out of order出故障(機器等工作不正常) out of sight 看不見 out of trouble 擺脫困境 out of line 不成一直線 out of place 不合適 out of fashion 過時 10．protect...from/against... 保護……免受……(的傷害) defend...from/against...保衛(wèi)……以抵制…… keep sb. from doing stop sb. (from) doing prevent sb. (from) doing阻止某人做 [即學即練10](1)Young plants should be well ______________ the cold. 幼苗必須被很好地保護以免受凍。 (2)The hen ___________ its young ___________ being attacked by the cat. 母雞保衛(wèi)小雞使其免遭貓的襲擊。 (3)Everyone should take up arms to __________ our country from invasion. 每個人都應當拿起武器保衛(wèi)我們的國家不受侵犯。 (4)Nothing can ______ us ______ realizing our dreams. 什么也不能阻止我們實現夢想。 protected from protected against defend stop from 提示：(1)protect against 和 protect from 意思相似，有時可互換。但是，對于較大的事情，如：敵人的入侵、天災等，常用 protect against, 對于較小的事情常用 protect from。 (2)在 protect...from/against... 結構中，from和 against 后面常跟 sth.，有時 against 后跟 being done 來強調動作的被動性。 (3)主動句中 prevent/stop...from...中的 from 可省略，在被動句中 from不可省略，而 keep...from...中的 from無論是在主動句還是被動句中都不能省略。 11．pay attention to 注意 Attention, please! 請注意！ (演講用語) (＝May I have your attention, please？) attract/catch/draw/get ones attention to 吸引某人的注意 fix/focus/concentrate ones attention on 將注意力集中于 devote ones attention to 專心致志于 call ones attention to 喚起某人對……的注意 提示：以上短語中的 to、on都是介詞，其后接名詞、代詞或動名詞。 [即學即練11](1)She ______________________________ her appearance.她很注重外表。 (2)A great deal of attention has been ______________ protecting the environment. 人們已對保護環(huán)境投入很多精力。 paid much attention to paid to 12．e into being 出現；形成；產生 bring...into being 使形成；使產生 for the time being 暫時；眼下 [即學即練12](1)We dont know when the universe ________________________. 我們不知道宇宙是何時形成的。 (2)Such a custom ______________________ long ago. 這種風俗很久以前就有了。 came into being came into being 提示：e into being是不及物動詞短語，無被動形式，無進行時。類似短語有：e into power 當權 e into effect 生效 e into action 開始行動 e into office 就職 e into sight 看得見 e into use 開始使用 Ⅱ.重點句型詳解 They lived on the earth tens of millions of years ago, long before humans came into being... 千百萬年前它們(恐龍)就在地球上生活，比人類的出現要早得多…… long before 早在……之前很久 before可做連詞，連接時間狀語從句，做介詞，連接時間點或做副詞。long before 連接的時間狀語從句用一般現在時呼應主句的一般將來時；一般過去時呼應主句的一般過去時或過去將來時。 拓展：(1)before long “不久以后”，相當于 soon after/shortly after, 既可以指將來，也可以指過去，所以與過去時或將來時連用，在句中做狀語，不可以引導從句。 (2)long ago (現在的)很久以前。 (3)“It will be long before＋從句(一般現在時)”與 “It was long before＋從句(一般過去時)”的意思是“過很久才……”，強調經過的時間長。 (4)“It will not be long before＋從句(一般現在時)”與“It was not long before＋從句(一般過去時)”，意思是“沒過很久就……”，強調經過的時間短。 注意：以上短語、句型中的 long均可以改用普通的時間名詞或短語，表達不同的時間長度。 ①Long before, there was a big museum here. 很久以前，這里有一座大博物館。 ②I had heard of him long before I came here. 早在我來這兒很久以前我就聽說過他的情況。 ③Before long he went to Canada to go on with his further education.不久以后他就去加拿大繼續(xù)深造了。 ④It was not long before she came. 沒多久她就來了。 ⑤It will be long before we see each other again. 我們很久以后才會再見面。 [即境活用]The book was published ______ it was written. A．soon before　　　　　　 B．long before C．before long D．soon after 解析：句意為“書寫完后不久就出版了”，故選 soon after。 答案：D 易 錯 點 撥 自我完善誤區(qū)備考 1. contain/include (1)contain 意為“包含，含有，容納，里面裝有”，指的是包含的全部內容或容量，也可指里面所含的成分。其賓語與主語常是同位關系，不用于進行時態(tài)。 (2)include 意為“包含；連……在內，計入，算入，包括”，只能用于表示所包含之物中的一部分，其后的賓語往往是主語的一部分。常用 “including＋被包括部分”或“被包括部分＋included”。如： Many people like tennis, including me/me included. 許多人喜歡網球，也包括我/我也在內。 [應用1]　用 contain和 include的適當形式填空。 (1)The Chinese diet is considered to be the healthiest in the world. It _____________ a lot of fruit and green vegetables. (2)Everyone took part in the fight against the flood, _____________ old people. (3)The __________ can __________ 100 litres of water. includes including container contain 2. affect/effect/influence (1)affect 常做及物動詞，“影響，感動，感染”。 (2)effect 常做名詞，“結果，效果，作用，影響”，常用于詞組：have an effect on/upon sb. 對……有影響，take effect 生效，實行，e/go into effect 開始生效，開始實施。 (3)influence 可做動詞也可做名詞，表示“影響、感染”的意思時，是指使思想、行為、性質或發(fā)展和成長等發(fā)生變化的影響。它可以指壞的影響，也可以指好的影響，這種影響常常是潛移默化的。 [應用2]　(1)Probably we ______________ each other. (2)To _________ a policy is to have an _________ on it. influenced affect effect 高 效 作 業(yè) 自我測評技能備考 Ⅰ.單詞拼寫 1．This hat will give p_____________ against the hot sun. 2．My wallet c______________ two hundred yuan and my passport was lost when I was shopping. 3．Mrs Browns dog b______ the mailman when he was delivering newspapers yesterday afternoon. 4．Both bees and butterflies belong to i__________. 5．The mother is r________ her baby against mosquitoes. protection　 containing bit insects rubbing 6．Youd better __________(存留) the money for future need. 7．Well go _____________(打獵) tomorrow. 8．We greatly ___________(感謝，感激) your timely help. 9．She turned her ____________(注意力) to new problems. 10．The dog looks __________ (兇惡). Youd better keep away from it. reserve　 hunting appreciate attention fierce Ⅱ .單項選擇 1．The driver was at ______ loss when ______ word came that he was forbidden to drive for speeding. A．a; the　　　　　　　　　 B．/; / C．the; the D．a; / 答案：D 解析：考查冠詞。at a loss 迷惘不知所措，且 word 指“消息”時，無冠詞。 2．It is______that his English is______perfect. A．sure; very B．right; rather C．exact; fairly D．certain; quite 答案：D 解析：考查 It is certain that...句式，quite 是副詞“相當”，修飾形容詞 perfect。句意為：“他的英語相當好，這是真的?！? 3．Stop ______ this kind of snakes. They are ______. A．hunting; dying out B．to hunt; dying out C．hunting; dying away D．to hunt; dying down 答案：A 解析：stop doing “停止做某事”，而 stop to do 表示“停下來去做某事”。第二空 die out “滅絕”。 4．Id like to arrive 20 minutes early ______ I can have time for a cup of tea. A．as soon as B．as a result C．in case D．so that 答案：D 解析：句意為：“我想早到20分鐘，目的是為了我能有時間喝杯茶”。so that 引導目的狀語從句。 5．(xx陜西西安質檢)Are you driving to the airport, sir? Id appreciate ______ if you could give me a lift. A．that B．you C．this D．it 答案：D 解析：語意：先生，你是開車去機場嗎？如果你能載我一程，我將非常感激。根據語意可知，it為形式賓語，代替真正的賓語if you could give me a lift。 6．More attention should be ______ equipment in our factory so that we can increase our production. A．paid to improving B．paid to improve C．taken to improve D．taken to improving 答案：A 解析：考查 pay attention to doing sth.的被動結構。 7．－How many passengers were in the plane? －It ______ 100, 20 Chinese ______. A．contained; included B．contained; including C．included; contained D．contained; containing 答案：A 解析：contain容納，包含；include包括。第二空用sb./sth. included或including sb./sth.。 8．The disease failed to______to the new drugs the doctor applied. A．respond B．turn C．reply D．refer 答案：A 解析：respond to起反應，回答，響應；turn to轉向；reply to回信，對……作出回答，對……作出反應；refer to提及。 9．Much ______ by the story of Cong Fei, I am also determined to be a volunteer worker. A．affected B．appreciated C．admired D．effected 答案：A 解析：表示“受到……的影響”，且在句中做狀語，用 affected。 10．There may be kinds of infectious (傳染的) diseases in public places. You should keep your children______to the places where people are crowded. A．not go B．not to go C．going D．from going 答案：D 解析：keep sb./sth. from doing sth.意思是“阻止(人或物)做某事”，其中介詞from不能省略。 11．After a heated discussion at the meeting, a new plan came ______ being, which would have a great effect ______the cultural life of the people. A．into; for B．to; to C．from; at D．into; on 答案：D 解析：考查短語 e into being “形成”和 have an effect on “對……有影響”。 12．Nobody knows exactly how many years it will be ______ the Chinese football team enters the final stage of the World Cup. A．when B．since C．before D．until 答案：C 解析：考查句型 “it will be＋一段時間＋before...”“多久以后，才……”。 13．She was knocked ______ by a car and now was still ______. A．down; in danger B．off; dangerous C．down; dangerous D．off; in danger 答案：A 解析：knock down 撞倒；knock...off... 把……從……上撞下來；in danger 處于危險中；dangerous 危險的。 14．—Excuse me, what time is it now? —Sorry, my watch ______. It ______ at the shop. A．isnt working; is being repaired B．doesnt work; is being repaired C．isnt working; is repaired D．doesnt work; is repaired 答案：B 解析：考查動詞的時態(tài)和語態(tài)。第一空用一般現在時說明實際情況；第二空用現在進行時態(tài)的被動形式表示此時的狀態(tài)。 15．—My car started up at last. —You should have it repaired ______ its working now. A．as long as B．as though C．even though D．in case 答案：C 解析：句意為“即使車還能工作，你也應該把它修一修”。even though＝even if 引導讓步狀語從句，意為“即使”。 Ⅲ .完形填空 The future belongs to those who believe in the beauty of their dreams. —Eleanor Roosevelt My home is a place of great beauty and agricultural richness, as well as of war and natural disasters. When I was only fourteen years old, I was filled with __1__ in spite of the terrible surroundings. The families living here, who tried to make their living from the land, __2__ great losses. I felt sorry especially for the __3__， but I __4__ to be hopeless. I decided that where I was, I could do __5__ to help them. I began knocking on every door and saying to each person who __6__ my knock, “I know that you are __7__ and give the birds that e to your yard a little __8__. Please consider me your bird. Give me only a handful of rice each week when I e to your __9__. I will take it to where it can be given to the __10__ children.” No one seemed to __11__ giving me a handful of rice, even __12__ they had little themselves. On Sunday, I would go to the __13__ and give my handfuls of rice to the monks to __14__ to the children. One day, I came to a house that had __15__ to give. I told my story and asked if I could be their bird. The women called her daughters, and __16__ gave me fifty cents, as well as the handful of rice! I began to ask for __17__ and rice from the other “bird feeders”， and they did so. Everyone was happy to be helping those who were suffering, even __18__ only this small way. The temple was soon able to help everyone who came to them for food and clothing. “Consider me your bird.” My __19__ idea had not stopped the war, but anyway, it was __20__ some peace. 1．A. sorry B. hope C. fort D. happiness 2. A. suffered B. survived C. covered D. made 3. A. peasants B. citizens C. villagers D. children 4. A. wanted B. failed C. refused D. stopped 5. A. something B. everything C. anything D. nothing 6. A. said B. replied C. answered D. spoke 7. A. glad B. kind C. rich D. friendly 8. A. water B. money C. nest D. rice 9. A. temple B. room C. door D. garden 10. A. brave B. hungry C. promising D. nervous 11. A. mind B .escape C. practice D. enjoy 12. A. where B. that C. so D. when 13. A. village B. hometown C. temple D. house 14. A. give B. give up C. give away D. give out 15. A. much B. little C. many D. few 16. A. every B. each C. neither D. none 17. A. help B. clothing C. food D. change 18. A. by B. with C. on D. in 19. A. foolish B. childish C. clever D. useful 20. A. creating B. mending C. developing D. managing 答案及解析： 1. B。盡管周圍環(huán)境惡劣，但是我還是充滿了希望。hope與第一句話中dream一致。 2. A。句意為：“生活在那里的靠土地謀生的家庭遭受了巨大的損失?！? 3. D。 句意為：“我為那些貧窮的孩子們感到尤其難過，但是我拒絕表現得無助?！边@表明作者想做出一些事情來幫助那些窮人。 4. C。 見上題分析。refuse to do sth.拒絕做某事。 5. A。 在肯定句中表示“一些事情”用something。 6. C。 我對每一個應我敲門的人說道。answer ones door/telephone應門/接電話。 7. B。 該句話的意思是“我知道你很仁慈，并且會給來到你院子里的小鳥一些米?！? 8. D。見上題分析。 9. C。 句意為：“當我每周來到你門前的時候，請把我當成你的小鳥?！币馑际亲寗e人施舍給他一些吃的東西。 10. B。 對應前文，作者是把施舍來的東西送給那些饑餓的孩子。 11. A。 沒有人介意作者的請求，言外之意是每一個人給予了作者一定的食物，即使這些家庭本身擁有的食物也不多。這體現人們的仁慈之心。 12. D。 見上題的分析，when引導時間狀語從句。 13. C。后文的monks暗示答案為temple。 14. C。作者先把食物給和尚，然后由和尚分發(fā)給孩子。give away分發(fā)。 15. A。由后文gave me fifty cents, as well as the handful of rice可知。 16. B。 每一個孩子都給了作者東西。every是形容詞，不能做主語，each可以充當主語。 17. D。 change“零錢”與前文的fifty cents一致。 18. D。 in this way用這種方法。 19. B。作者孩童般的、稚氣的想法不能夠阻止戰(zhàn)爭，但是它至少能在一定程度上減少戰(zhàn)爭帶來的災難，并且創(chuàng)造出一種和平。 20. A。 create創(chuàng)造。參考上題的分析。 Ⅳ.短文改錯 Fang Tong is 34 years old, an actor, director and teacher of Beijing Opera Theatre. Most of his students are from other part of 1.______ China and have e to Beijing at a very young age of sixteen 2.______ or seventeen. He hopes create an environment for his students 3.______ that it is much more relaxing than the one he used to 4.______ part→ parts a→the hopes后加to 去掉 it study in. He thought that an actor should relax himself when