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2019-2020年高考英語一輪復(fù)習(xí)第一部分教材課文要點Module5EthnicCulture夯基提能作業(yè)外研版選修 Ⅰ.閱讀理解 　　閱讀下列短文,從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項中,選出最佳選項。 A (xx吉林松原模擬,C) I went to a movie theater with my roommate yesterday. His hobby is watching movies. He is enthusiastic about movies. I was very glad when he said that he would take me to a movie theater. As a student abroad, I always spent my time reading books in the library or studying in the classroom, so I looked forward to going to the movies. The movie we saw was called The Patriot. It described the love between a father and his children during the time of the American War of Independence. It was a war story based on history, but the story was created by a writer for entertainment. The movie was enjoyable that sometimes it made us laugh, and sometimes it made us cry. It was a successful movie. The most amazing thing was the reaction of the audience. It was different. Though I could concentrate on watching a movie in Japan, I could not in America because of the reaction of the audience. They laughed loudly when an actor told a joke and they applauded at the plot when the main character killed his enemy. It was amazing to me that they expressed their emotions openly. In other words, an American theater is a space for everyone to enjoy. If I did that in a public place in Japan, most of the audience would look down on me or plain about the noise, and the person beside me might say, “Could you please be silent?” There seems to be a cultural difference between America and Japan. It is said that Americans always express their emotions and opinions and that we always conceal(隱藏) ours. I’m glad to observe such a difference because I can feel I am experiencing a real thing while visiting the United States. 1.The writer wrote the story in order to 　　 A.introduce an enjoyable war movie to us B.show his studying experience in America C.give us some advice on how to behave in a movie theater D.tell us a cultural difference between Japan and America 2.What do you know about the author? A.He is a Japanese and studies in America. B.He doesn’t work hard at his lessons. C.He is tired of the life as a student abroad. D.He is fond of watching movies very much. 3.It can be known from the passage that Americans　　　. A.hide their emotions from strangers B.express their emotions openly C.are not so polite as the Japanese D.look down upon the Japanese 4.When Japanese people are watching a movie, they usually　　　. A.laugh loudly B.exchange their ideas C.keep quiet D.make some ments B (xx河南八市重點高中二次質(zhì)檢,D) 　　Surprises often e in boxes—birthday presents wrapped in colorful paper, brown paper packages mailed from a friend. No matter what kind of the box it is, people like to open it and see what’s inside. In America, and in many other countries, one special kind of box contains the future. It’s called a ballot(投票)box. What people put into the box on Election Day can change the course of history. Elections are the lifeblood of a democracy. The word democracy literally means “the people rule”—an important concept in American history. In the mid-1700s, England began passing laws that made the American colonies angry. The colonists had to pay more and more taxes and enjoyed less and less freedom. They felt the government of England didn’t represent their interests. On July 4, 1776, the colonies declared their independence from England. They wanted to establish a democracy where people could have a voice in government. An effective democracy holds regular elections. In America, every four years, voters go to the polls to elect the nation’s president and vice-president. Voters also regularly cast their ballots for state and city government leaders and local school board members. Sometimes they also have to vote on a proposed law. In the American electoral system, people don’t really vote for presidential candidates. Instead, voters cast their ballots for “electors” who support each candidate. Each state has as many electors as the total number of its representatives in Congress. The candidate who has the most votes in a state wins all of the state’s electors. To win the presidential election, a candidate must gain at least 270 of the 538 total electoral votes. Over the years, the U.S. has made a number of election reforms. Some early reforms outlawed(宣布……不合法)cheating, giving bribes and threatening voters. In 1870, black people gained the right to vote, and in 1920, that right was extended to women. In recent decades, laws against unfair rules for voting have been passed. In 1971, the voting age was lowered to 18.Other reforms made voting easier for the blind, the disabled and people who couldn’t read. In some areas, ballots had to be printed in languages besides English. 5.What’s the main idea of the passage? A.American elections. B.American democracy. C.American election reforms. D.American electoral systems. 6.Who don’t people in America vote for regularly? A.The president. B.City government leaders. C.Middle school headmasters. D.Local school board members. 7.Why did American colonies want to be independent? A.Because the government of England represented their interests. B.Because the government of England didn’t want to govern them. C.Because they shared no freedom or dependence but responsibility. D.Because they wanted to have a voice in government. 8.What can we learn about American elections? A.All Americans can cast their ballots on Election Day. B.Elections are regularly held in the United States. C.A presidential candidate must gain less than half the votes. D.In 1870, American women gained the right to vote. Ⅱ.語法填空 　　閱讀下面短文,在空白處填入1個適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。 (xx課標(biāo)全國Ⅱ) In 1863 the first underground passenger railway in the world opened in London. It ran for just under seven kilometers and allowed people to avoid terrible 　1　(crowd) on the roads above as they travelled to and 　2　 work. It took three years to plete and was built using an interesting method. This included digging up the road, 　3　(lay) the track and then building a strong roof over 　4　 top. When all those had been done, the road surface was replaced. Steam engines 　5　(use) to pull the carriages and it must have been 　6　(fair) unpleasant for the passengers, with all the smoke and noise. However, the railway quickly proved to be a great success and within six months, more than 25,000 people were using 　7　 every day. Later, engineers 　8　(manage) to construct railways in a system of deep tunnels(隧道), which became known as the Tube. This development was only possible with the 　9　(introduce) of electric-powered engines and lifts. The Central London Railway was one of the most 　10　(success)of these new lines, and was opened in 1900. It had white-painted tunnels and bright red carriages, and proved extremely popular with the public. 1.　　　　2.　　　　3.　　　　4.　　　　5.　　　 6.　　　　7.　　　　8.　　　　9.　　　　10.　　　 答案精解精析 Ⅰ.閱讀理解 A [語篇解讀]　作者用親身經(jīng)歷告訴我們一個文化差異——美國觀眾和日本觀眾在看電影時的表現(xiàn)不同。 1.D　主旨大意題。根據(jù)文章內(nèi)容可知,作者對日本觀眾和美國觀眾看電影時的不同表現(xiàn)作了描述,其目的是告訴人們美國和日本之間的一個文化差異。 2.A　推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段中的As a student abroad可知,作者是一名留學(xué)生,再結(jié)合最后一段中的There seems to be a cultural difference between America and Japan.It is said that Americans always express their emotions and opinions and that we always conceal(隱藏) ours.可知,作者是一名日本人。由此推知,作者是一名在美國留學(xué)的日本人。 3.B　細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中的They laughed loudly...It was amazing to me that they expressed their emotions openly.可知,美國人公開地表達他們的情緒。 4.C　細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段中的If I did that in a public place in Japan...“Could you please be silent?”可知,日本人在看電影時通常保持安靜。 B [語篇解讀]　本文為說明文。作者從幾個方面介紹了美國的選舉。 5.A　主旨大意題。本文的中心是美國的選舉。B、C、D三個選項均為本文的某一個方面,不能概括本文中心。 6.C　細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第三段中的In America, every four years, voters go to the polls to elect the nation’s president and vice-president. Voters also regularly cast their ballots for state and city government leaders and local school board members.可知答案為C項。 7.D　細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段最后一句They wanted to establish a democracy where people could have a voice in government.可知答案為D項。 8.B　推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中的In 1971, the voting age was lowered to 18.可知18歲以下的人不能投票,故排除A項;根據(jù)第三段中的In America, every four years, voters go to the polls to elect...可知答案為B項;根據(jù)第四段中的...a candidate must gain at least 270 of the 538 total electoral votes可排除C項;根據(jù)最后一段中的...in 1920, that right was extended to women.可排除D項。 Ⅱ.語法填空 [語篇解讀]　本文為記敘文,講述了世界上第一條地鐵——倫敦地鐵的起源和鐵路最初的發(fā)展歷程。 1.crowds　本題考查名詞。avoid“避免”后可跟名詞或動名詞作賓語。因為此空前有形容詞terrible修飾,故排除動名詞形式;crowd作“人群”解時,為可數(shù)名詞,故需用復(fù)數(shù)形式。 2.from　本題考查介詞。由語境可知此處指“上下班(to and from work)”。 3.laying　本題考查動名詞作賓語。由上文中的included digging 和下文的and then building可知,此處為并列的動名詞作included的賓語。 4.the　本題考查冠詞。此處表特指,故需用定冠詞修飾名詞。 5.were used　本題考查動詞的時態(tài)、語態(tài)和主謂一致。主語Steam engines和use之間為被動關(guān)系,且由上文語境和下文的must have been可知敘述的是過去發(fā)生的事,故需用一般過去時的被動語態(tài);又因主語是名詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式,故be動詞需用were。 6.fairly　本題考查副詞。修飾形容詞unpleasant需用副詞形式,故填fairly。 7.it　本題考查代詞。此處指代上文中提到的the railway,需用代詞it。 8.managed　本題考查動詞的時態(tài)。此處敘述的是過去的事情,需用一般過去時,故答案為動詞的過去式。 9.introduction　本題考查名詞。由空前的定冠詞可知,此處需用名詞形式,動詞introduce去“e”加后綴-tion構(gòu)成名詞形式。 10.successful　本題考查形容詞。由句意“倫敦中心地鐵是這些新鐵路線中最成功的線路之一……”可知句子的主干為主系表結(jié)構(gòu),此處為形容詞作表語,the most暗示了答案。