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2019-2020年高中英語 Unit 2 The environment教案 牛津譯林版必修5 【美文閱讀】 人類的貪婪是環(huán)境惡化的主要原因。然而，除此之外還有其他因素嗎？ Is our environment being destroyed by greed? The environment has been suffering from all forms of damage；especially in recent years global warming seems to be the main problem.Many times，environmental worsening，in the form of running out of natural resources，and air，water and land pollution，is caused by the irresponsible behavior of humans.Nations，like the United States，set themselves above the ruin and damage of the environment.However，it will be unfair to state that environmental worsening is brought about only by greed.Other factors，such as the inability of some developing countries to find other choices of survival，also play a part in contributing to environmental problem. The state of the environment has been the concern of scientists in recent years.In the case of global warming，greed，in the sense of economic benefits of a country，actually contributes to the ruin of the environment.This is seen in the case of the United States refusal to carry out its agreement to the Kyoto Protocol(京都議定書)，where countries e together and help deal with the increasing emission of greenhouse gases.If the US agreed to it，it would mean that it has to cut back on its Gross Domestic Product(GDP)growth. Another reason for environmental worsening is that some developing countries have few or no other choices to making money for their survival.For example，slashandburn(刀耕火種)is the cheapest way for poor farmers even though it creates a serious environmental problem.Should they not practice slashandburn，they may not be able to clear the land in time for agricultural activities to support themselves and their family members.For them，environment concerns are secondary as pared to their survival. Therefore，to save the environment，everyone，be it young or old，rich or poor，should play a part in protecting the earth，as a collective effort definitely makes a big difference. 【誘思導學】 1．What are the forms of environmental worsening according to the passage? ________________________________________________________________________ 2．Why does America refuse the Kyoto Protocol? ________________________________________________________________________ 3．What causes the worsening of the environment? ________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】　1.①Global warming?、赗unning out of natural resources　③Air，water and land pollution 2．Because it will damage Americas economic development. or：Because it means the US will have to cut back on its GDP growth. 3．Human beings greed and their inability to find other choices of survival. Period ⅠPreviewing (教師用書獨具) ●教學目標 本課時主要是通過學生對學案所給出的內(nèi)容的學習，了解本課文中所出現(xiàn)的詞匯，初步了解課文以及相關的背景知識，對下一堂課中課文的全面理解起到一個鋪墊作用。 ●教學地位 本文是一篇辯論，需要學生在預習過程中初步了解辯論的基本方式、流程和目的，并了解當前世界經(jīng)濟的發(fā)展對環(huán)境造成的影響。 (教師用書獨具) ●新課導入建議 建議教師以課本第21頁的圖片導入新課，要求學生分組討論四幅圖片，并提出問題： What can you see from the pictures？Try to describe them and tell which of these problems are caused by nature and which are caused by man.In groups you can think of other natural disasters and peoples activities that damage the environment. ●教學流程設計 ??? ?師生共同討論并統(tǒng)一答案。? ? ?? ? ?? 　　　　? (見學生用書第27頁) Ⅰ.篇章結(jié)構(gòu) 閱讀P22－23課文，然后完成下面表格 Debaters Lin Shuiqing (represents the 1.______) Qian Liwei (represents the economy) Points Economic development is bad for the environment. Economic development does not have to be bad for the environment. Reasons ?Large areas of the world are damaged by chemical 2.________. ?People suffer from air and water 3.________. ?Much sea life is being destroyed by fishing boats. ?Many factories and industries control the amount of pollution they produce. ?They are careful to spend money repairing any 4.________they cause. ?The people operating factories are 5.________ about the environment. Suggestions ?Cutting back on production and 6.________ the amount of things people make and buy. ?Thinking more about 7.________. ?Teaching people ways of living without harming the envionment. ?Producing more things from recycled 8.________. ?Better 9.______to preserve the environment. ?Paying higher 10.________ for polluting the environment. 【答案】　1.environment　2.waste　3.pollution 4．damage　5.concerned　6.reducing　7.recycling 8．materials　9.laws　10.taxes Ⅱ.語篇理解 閱讀P22－23頁課文，從每題所給的3個選項中選擇最佳答案 1．What is the focus of the debate according to the passage? A．Developing economy is the most important. B．Preserving the environment is the most important. C．The relationship between the environment and the economy. 2．Of all the following subjects，which is NOT wholly talked about by Lin Shuiqing? A．Recycling，industrial waste and population. B．Fishing，chemical waste and pollution. C．Production，recycling and taxes. 3．We can infer that both sides agree on the point that ________. A．people should cut back on production and reduce the amount of things we make and buy B．Recycling will help in both the fields of economy and environment C．It is very important to reduce the amount of jobs 4．What does the sentence“People often have this belief that development is bad for the environment，but this does not have to be true.”mean? A．Economic development is good for the environment. B．Economic development is bad for the environment. C．Economic development is not always bad for the environment. 5．Which of the following is NOT mentioned in Lin Shuiqings speech? A．Industrial waste destroyed many places and killed many plants and animals. B．Factories producing poisonous chemicals should be closed down. C．Fishes died because of more than one reasons. 【答案】　1.C　2.C　3.B　4.C　5.B Ⅲ.課文縮寫 Lin Shuiqing is a 1.________.She thinks 2.________ protection is more important.Many places have been destroyed by chemical 3.________.Many plants and animals have died.Fishing boats catch large numbers of fish without giving them time to 4.________ eggs.Also the worlds population has grown by six times what it was in 1800.People should cut back on 5.________，think more about 6.________ our waste，and teach people about ways of living that do not harm the environment. Qian Liwei is a 7.________.He thinks that many factories are 8.________ about the environment and have done something to protect it.Cutting back on production to save the environment is not wise，as people are more 9.________ than fish and trees.Those factories which pollute the environment should have to pay higher 10.________. 【答案】　1.spokeswoman　2.environmental　3.waste　4.lay　5.production　6.recycling　7.consultant　8.concerned　9.important　10.taxes Ⅰ.詞義搭配 1．belief　　A．a(chǎn)n argument or discussion expressing different opinions 2．credit B．to treat things that have already been used so that they can be used again 3．debate C．to work in a particular way or to use or control a machine 4．duty D．ready or pleased to do sth. 5．greedy E．praise or approval 6．operate F．wanting more money，power，food，etc，than you really need. 7．recycle G．a(chǎn)n opinion about sth.；a strong feeling that sth.is true. 8．willing H．sth.that you feel you have to do 【答案】　1.G　2.E　3.A　4.H　5.F　6.C　7.B　8.D Ⅱ.短語填空 result in；cut back on；be concerned about；use up；run out；at the same time；see...as；as long as 1．As these new products are not selling well，the members of the board have decided to ________ production. 2．As his first novel was published，he ________ one of the most outstanding writers of his generation. 3．These policies ________ many elderly and disabled people suffering hardship. 4．Her money has been ________ and her patience is also ________. 5．________ you can put it back in place，you can read the book. 6．The examination is so important that each of the students ________ the results. 【答案】　1.cut back on　2.was seen as　3.resulted in　4.used up；running out　5.As long as　6.is concerned about Ⅲ.句型背誦 1．With_me_are Ms Lin Shuiqing，from the Green Society，and Mr Qian Liwei，a business development consultant.(P22)今天的嘉賓是來自綠色協(xié)會的林水清女士和企業(yè)發(fā)展咨詢顧問錢利偉先生。 2．The waste they create goes into the atmosphere and makes us sick.(P22) 工廠生產(chǎn)造成的廢物進入大氣，使我們生病。 3．The worlds population has_grown_by_six_times_what_it_was_in_1800.(P22) 與1800年的人口相比，世界人口數(shù)量已經(jīng)增長了六倍。 4．It_is_clear_that you are very concerned about the present situation of our environment.(P22) 顯然，你非常擔心我們的環(huán)境現(xiàn)狀。 5．Asking_around，I find many people willing to pay a little higher price for things that are friendly to the environment.(P23)我問過周圍的人，發(fā)現(xiàn)許多人都愿意支付稍高一些的價錢來購買環(huán)保產(chǎn)品。 6．What_if they run out？(P25)倘若它們被用光了怎么辦？ Period ⅡWele to the unit & Reading (教師用書獨具) ●教學目標 (1)熟記學案中所列出的單詞和短語。 (2)通過學案中所給出的重點單詞和重點短語的學習，讓學生能夠正確理解和使用這些單詞和短語，能夠運用這些詞語造句。 (3)通過對這些詞匯的理解能夠更深層次的理解課文，并通過課文加深對這些詞匯的理解，更加熟練的運用這些詞匯。 (4)通過對本課文的理解，讓學生學會召開辯論會的方法和流程，并嘗試以小組的形式用英語舉行辯論會的活動。 ●教學地位 單詞和短語是構(gòu)成句子的最小單位，在語言學習中起至關重要的作用，所以理解和正確使用英語單詞和短語是英語學習的重點所在。 (教師用書獨具) ●新課導入建議 教師可以通過檢查上堂課所布置的作業(yè)導入課堂。 ●教學流程設計 ??讓學生就“互動探究”(見學案第28～33頁)進行討論，讓學生各自發(fā)表自己的見解，然后讓各個討論組派代表匯報各自討論結(jié)果。? ?? 　　　　? ? (見學生用書第28頁) 1．debate n．& v．辯論；爭論；討論 Todays debate question is，‘The economy or the environment—must we choose？’(P22)今天的辯論問題是“經(jīng)濟還是環(huán)境——我們必須作出抉擇嗎？” They were debating whether to go to the mountains or to the seaside.他們正在討論要去山上還是去海邊。 After a long debate，the bill was passed. 經(jīng)過長時間的辯論，議案獲得通過。 debate about/on/upon sth.爭論某事 debate sth.with sb.與某人爭論某事 under debate在辯論中 They debated for an hour on the advantages and disadvantages of the plan. 他們花了一個小時討論這個計劃的利與弊。 The proposal is under debate. 那個提議正在討論中。 debate/argue/discuss debate 指正式的辯論，通常在一位仲裁人的主持下，按照一定的規(guī)則進行，雙方各自陳述理由。 argue 指說理、論證，側(cè)重于擺出事實，試圖說服對方，也可能是激烈地交換意見，以致爭吵。 discuss 重在交換意見，進行討論。 Theyre always arguing with each other about money.他們總是為錢相互爭吵。 Have you discussed the problem with anyone? 你與其他人商量過這個問題嗎？ 用debate，argue，discuss的適當形式填空 ①They ________ how to improve the relationship between the two countries. ②They ________ about which train to take. ③There is no good in ________ with them. 【答案】　①discussed?、赿ebated?、踑rguing 2．With_me_are Ms Lin Shuiqing，from the Green Society，and Mr Qian Liwei，a business development consultant.(P22)今天的嘉賓是來自綠色協(xié)會的林水清女士和企業(yè)發(fā)展咨詢顧問錢利偉先生。 這是一個倒裝句，主語是Ms Lin Shuiqing，from the Green Society，and Mr Qian Liwei，a business development consultant。因為主語太長，為了保持句子平衡，采用了倒裝形式，把介詞短語with me放于句首。當主語為名詞時：表示地點的介詞短語或副詞或一些表示動作方向的副詞away，out，in，off，up，down置于句首時，謂語為be動詞；lie，stand或e/go等的句子中，句子使用全部倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)。 There goes the bell！Lets hurry! 鈴響了！咱們快點！ Out rushed the boy when he heard the noise. 聽到響聲時，男孩沖了出去。 Now es your turn.該輪到你了。 Nearby were two boats in which they had e to the lonely island. 附近是他們乘坐來到這個孤島上的兩條船。 On a hill in front of them stood an old temple. 在他們前面的小山上坐落著一座古寺。 【教師備課資源】 使用全部倒裝的常見結(jié)構(gòu)還有： ①當作表語的形容詞、介詞短語、分詞提到句首時，也常使用倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)。 Gone are the days when women were looked down upon.婦女受歧視的日子一去不復返了。 Among the goods are Christmas trees，flowers and toys.在這些商品中，有圣誕樹、花兒和玩具。 Lying on the ground was a boy aged about sixteen. 一個大約16歲的男孩躺在地上。 ②由so/neither(nor)引起的，表示前面所說的情況也適用于另一個人或物。 Li Mei plays the violin quite well，and so does her sister.李梅小提琴拉得很好，她妹妹也是。 She doesnt like chemistry.Neither/Nor do I. 她不喜歡化學，我也是。 ③such和be動詞連用作表語時，也常用倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)。 Such was the result.結(jié)果就是這樣。 Such were her words.這就是她說的話。 注意：否定意義的詞hardly，seldom，never，little，nothing等置于句首時不論主語為名詞或是代詞時，句子用部分倒裝。如： Never will I give up my dream for Nanjing University. 我決不會放棄去南京大學的夢想。 完成句子 ①男孩子們沖了出來。 Out ________________________. ②賽跑選手們跑遠了。 Away ________________________. ③門開了，史密斯先生進來了。 The door opened and in ________________. 【答案】　①rushed the boys?、趙ent the runners ③came Mr.Smith 3．open the floor 自由發(fā)言 Then we will open the floor for discussion.(P22) 之后我們將自由發(fā)言討論。 The teacher allowed us to open the floor for discussion at the meeting.老師允許我們在會議上自由討論。 floor n．發(fā)言權(quán) He got the floor at the conference.他在會議上發(fā)言了。 The teacher took the floor after she finished her speech. 在她做完演講之后老師發(fā)言。 【教師備課資源】 open the mind開闊思想 open ones heart把心里的話說出來 open ones eyes長見識；開眼界 When a discussion is under way，everybody is wele to have the ________ in class. A．floor　　　　　　　　B．time C．chance D．right 【解析】　考查固定短語have the floor。句意為“當進行討論的時候，歡迎班上每個人都發(fā)言”。have the floor在本句中意為“有發(fā)言權(quán)”。 【答案】　A 4．large amounts of大量的(后常接不可數(shù)名詞) Factories produce large amounts of harmful chemicals.(P22)工廠排放出大量有害化學物質(zhì)。 Large amounts of stress can give motivate and purpose to our life.壓力大能給我們的生活提供動機和目標。 Large amounts of money were spent on the bridge last year.去年在橋上花費了許多錢。 ①a large amount of大量的…… in amount(＝in all)總之；總計 the amount of... ……的數(shù)量 ②amount vi.合計，總計達；相當于 amount to sth.總共達；相當于 I need a large amount of money to buy a new house. 我買新房需要一大筆錢。 Planning without any real action amounts to nothing. 只計劃不行動等于什么都不做。 The total of his gains amounted to millions. 他的利潤所得總額達好幾百萬。 【提示】　“a number of＋復數(shù)名詞”意為“大量的……”，作主語時，句子謂語用復數(shù)形式；“the number of＋復數(shù)名詞”意為“……的數(shù)量”，作主語時，句子謂語用單數(shù)形式。 【教師備課資源】 “多”的用法小結(jié)： ＋可數(shù)名詞復數(shù) ＋不可數(shù)名詞 ＋可數(shù)名詞復數(shù)或不可數(shù)名詞 There is ________ water and the farmers can use it to irrigate their fields. A．a(chǎn) great deal　　　　　　　B．a(chǎn) large number of C．a(chǎn) plenty of D．a(chǎn) large amount of 【解析】　a large amount of后接不可數(shù)名詞；a great deal后應有of；a large number of后接可數(shù)名詞復數(shù)；C項應該是plenty of。 【答案】　D 5．Other types of waste flow into our water，killing_river_and_sea_life.(P22)其他類型的廢物則流入我們的水域，殺死了河海生物。 killing river and sea life為現(xiàn)在分詞短語作結(jié)果狀語。現(xiàn)在分詞短語作結(jié)果狀語，其動作常隨謂語動詞而產(chǎn)生，是一種自然結(jié)果(前面可加thus)，常常是可以預料的結(jié)果。 He was so angry that he threw the glass，breaking it into pieces. 他如此生氣以至于把杯子摔了，結(jié)果杯子摔成了碎片。 Her husband died ten years ago，leaving her with three children to look after. 她丈夫十年前去世了，撇下她和三個需要照顧的孩子。 He fired，killing one of the passersby. 他開槍了，打死了一個路人。 Qian Xuesen，a key leader of New Chinas nuclear，missile and space programs，passed away，________ our country lose one of the greatest scientists. A．being made B．made C．to make D．making 【解析】　考查現(xiàn)在分詞的用法。此處現(xiàn)在分詞短語作結(jié)果狀語，表示自然的結(jié)果。 【答案】　D 6．result in引起，導致……；以……為結(jié)局 This will result in a smaller number of fish left for us to eat in the future.(P22) 這將導致我們食用的魚的數(shù)目越來越小。 The accident resulted in the death of two passengers. 這場事故造成兩名乘客死亡。 His careless speech resulted in much argument. 他的過于草率的發(fā)言引來許多爭議。 result from/result in result from “發(fā)生于……，由……引起”，相當于lie in。 result in “導致；帶來”，相當于lead to，contribute to和cause。 His poor preparation resulted in the failure in examination.＝The failure in examination resulted from his poor preparation. 考試失敗是由于他準備不充分造成的。 用result in，result from的適當形式填空 ①His illness ________ eating bad food. ②The accident ________ the death of two passengers. ③Hard work ________ success. ④Success ________ hard work. 【答案】　①resulted from?、趓esulted in　③results in ④results from 7．The worlds population has grown by six_times_what it was in 1800.(P22) 目前的世界人口與1800年相比已經(jīng)增長了六倍。 句中six times what it was in 1800是“倍數(shù)＋what從句”構(gòu)成的倍數(shù)表達法。 She eats twice what I eat.她的食量是我的兩倍。 The factory can produce 3 times what it did five years ago.這家工廠的產(chǎn)量是五年前的三倍。 倍數(shù)的其他表達法： A＋謂語動詞＋＋B This room is twice as large as that one. 這個房間是那個房間的兩倍大。 The Yangtze River is almost twice longer than the Pearl River.長江差不多是珠江的兩倍長。 Ive paid five times the usual price for the stamp. 我出了平常價格的五倍買這枚郵票。 一句多譯 這個廣場是那個的兩倍大。 ________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】　This square is twice as large as/larger than/the size of that one. 8．cut back on減少；削減；縮減 It is our duty to try to cut back on production and reduce the amount of things we make and buy.(P22)我們有責任努力削減生產(chǎn)，減少制造和購買的東西的數(shù)量。 When dad lost his job，we had to cut back on entertainment expenses.爸爸失業(yè)時，我們必須減少娛樂開銷。 Try to cut back on foods containing too much fat and sugar.要盡量少吃脂肪和糖分含量過高的食品。 cut off切掉；割掉；分離；隔離(常跟from)；中斷 cut across抄近路穿過；徑直穿過 cut away切掉；剪掉 cut down砍倒；殺死；削減；縮短 cut in插嘴；突然插入；超車 cut out切掉；刪掉；剪下；裁剪 cut up切碎；使喪氣；使痛心 用cut短語填空 ①園丁從樹上砍下一根樹枝。 The gardener ________ a branch from the tree. ②他把樹砍倒，并把它劈成燒火用的小塊。 He ________ the tree and cut it up for firewood. ③我經(jīng)常從報紙上剪有用的文章。 I often ________ useful articles from newspapers. 【答案】?、賑ut off?、赾ut down?、踓ut out 9．see... as...把……看作…… As a business development consultant，Im often seen as being against the environment.(P23)作為一名經(jīng)濟發(fā)展顧問，我常常被視為是反對環(huán)保的。 He sees me as his sister.他把我看做是他的妹妹。 Her colleagues see her as a future president. 她的同事將她視為以后的會長。 表示“把……看作……”的結(jié)構(gòu)還有： treat...as...　　consider...as... regard...as...　 think of...as... view...as...　　accept...as... take...as... I decided to treat his remarks as a joke. 我決定把他的話當玩笑。 He regards me as one of his family. 他把我當成家人一樣對待。 He proved himself a true gentleman and the beauty of his character was ________ its best when he worked with others. A．thought as B．looked as C．treated of as D．seen as 【解析】　考查動詞短語辨析。句意：在與別人共事時，他證明了自己是真正的紳士，同時他的人性美也得到了充分的展示。see...as...意為“把……看做……”，符合題意。A選項應為thought of as；B選項應為looked on as；C選項應為treated as。 【答案】　D 10．responsibility n．責任；職責 They think of greedy businessmen hiding from their responsibilities and only worrying about money.(P23) 他們會聯(lián)想到貪婪的商人逃避社會責任，一味關心金錢。 Our business is a joint/shared responsibility. 我們的公司實行共同責任制。 Its my responsibility to lock the doors. 我負責鎖門。 ①a sense of responsibility責任感 responsibility to/towards對……的職責 have/take responsibility for對……負責 throw responsibility on sb.把責任推給某人 ②responsible adj.負有責任的；負責的 be responsible for對……負責 Dont worry.If anything goes wrong，Ill take responsibility for it.沒關系，出了問題我承擔責任。 The father of a family should have more sense of responsibility.一家之父應有更多的責任感。 完成句子 ①My husband ________________________________________________________________________(負責組織) the trip. ②Parents________________________(對……負責任)their childrens safety. ③Its________________________________(他的責任感)that saved all the peoples lives. 【答案】　①took responsibility for organizing/was responsible for organizing?、赼re responsible for/take responsibility for?、踙is sense of responsibility 11．belief n．看法；信念；信任；信仰 People often have this belief that development is bad for the environment，but this does not have to be true.(P23)人們通常的看法是發(fā)展對環(huán)境有害，但這不一定就是真的。 My father hadnt much belief in doctors of traditional Chinese medicine.我父親不太相信中醫(yī)。 Her belief in God remained strong. 她對上帝的信仰堅定如初。 beyond belief難以置信的；不可思議的 in the belief that...相信…… belief in sth./sb.對某事物/某人有信心 Its my belief that...我相信…… believe in信任 I find his behavior beyond belief. 我發(fā)覺他的所作所為到了令人難以置信的地步。 He came to me in the belief that I could help him. 他到我這里來，相信我能幫助他。 完成句子 ①我相信他是對的。 ____________ he is right. ②他相信她會借錢給他，所以上她家拜訪。 He called at her house ____________ she would lend him the money. ③對政府的不滿已經(jīng)達到令人難以置信的程度。 Dissatisfaction with the government has grown ____________. 【答案】　①Its my belief that/My belief is that?、趇n the belief that?、踒eyond belief 12．operate vt.& vi.經(jīng)營，管理；實施；運轉(zhuǎn)；動手術(shù) The people operating these factories are deeply concerned about the environment.(P23) 這些工廠的經(jīng)營者非常關心環(huán)境。 The doctors decided to operate on her immediately. 醫(yī)生決定馬上給她動手術(shù)。 This pany is operating a new economic policy. 這個公司正在實行一項新的經(jīng)濟政策。 ①operate on sb.給某人動手術(shù) ②operation n．手術(shù)；運轉(zhuǎn)；實施 perform an operation on sb.為某人做手術(shù) e into operation開始運轉(zhuǎn)；實施起來 put...into operation使運轉(zhuǎn)；使實施 in operation工作中；實施中 Is this rule in operation？這條規(guī)則還有效嗎？ We will have to perform an operation on his eyes. 我們得給他的眼睛動手術(shù)。 完成句子 ①這臺電梯運轉(zhuǎn)不正常。 The lift ____________. ②這個法律什么時候生效？ When does the law ____________？ ③這機器正在運轉(zhuǎn)中。 The machine is ____________. ④這法律已經(jīng)實施了。 The law has ____________. 【答案】?、賒oesnt operate properly?、趀 into operation?、踚n operation　④been put into operation 13．quantity n．數(shù)量 Ms Lin suggested we should cut back on the quantity of things we produce in order to save the environment.(P23)林女士建議為了保護環(huán)境我們應該削減我們所生產(chǎn)的東西的數(shù)量。 What quantity do you require? 你要求多大的數(shù)量？ in large quantities＝in quantity大量地；很多 a large/great/huge quantity of ＝large/huge quantities of許多的；大量的 This medicine is poisonous if taken in large quantities. 此藥大量服用會有害的。 A large quantity of books was stored in the library near the playground.