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2019年高考英語一輪復習 語法對點講練 名詞性從句 新人教版 Ⅰ.語法知識 1．(xx北京卷)Experts believe ________ people can waste less food by shopping only when it is necessary. A. why B. where C. that D. what 答案與解析　C　believe后面的句子為賓語從句，在這個賓語從句中，句子成分完整，故用that連接。 2．(xx天津卷)________ I want to tell you is the deep love and respect I have for my parents. A. That B. Which C. Whether D. What 答案與解析　D　句意：我想告訴你的是：我對父母是多么地愛戴和尊敬。此處為what引導的主語從句，即what I want to tell you, what作tell的直接賓語，故D項正確。此題考生易誤選that, that引導主語從句時不作成分，故不可選。 3．(xx湖南師大附中月考)When you look at ________ great effects the climate change has on our life, youll agree that it is the most pressing global problem. A. which B. how C. what D. why 答案與解析　C　句意：當你看到氣候變化對我們的生活有多么大的影響時，你會同意它是最緊迫的全球性問題。what引導賓語從句，在從句中作定語。 4．(xx綿陽第一次診斷)Diligence is ________ it takes for the post90s generation to win petitions. A. what B. where C. which D. when 答案與解析　A　句意：勤奮是90后贏得比賽所需要的。what相當于something that，引導表語從句， what在表語從句中作賓語。 5．(xx青島上學期期中聯(lián)考)Be sure to make the invitations sent to ________ has taken part in the petition. A. who B. whom C. whoever D. whomever 答案與解析　C　句意：要確保邀請函發(fā)送到已經(jīng)參賽的任何人。whoever“無論誰”，引導賓語從句，在賓語從句中作主語。 Ⅱ.單句語法填空 6．Mary is a humorous and warmhearted woman and that is ________ she is a most popular person in her munity. 答案與解析　why　because引導表語從句，其后接的是原因； why引導表語從句，其后接的是結(jié)果。 7．It hasnt been made clear ________ the new underground line is to be open to traffic. 答案與解析　when　it作形式主語，后邊的主語從句作真正主語。根據(jù)句意，應該表示“什么時間開通新地鐵線路”，用when引導主語從句。 8．The boy hopes to bee a friend of ________ shares his interests and happiness. 答案與解析　whoever　所填詞引導介詞of的賓語從句，并在從句中作主語。根據(jù)句意可知，用whoever。 9．Very often, your success depends on ________ you handle failure along the way. 答案與解析　how　句意：你的成功通常取決于一路上你是如何處理失敗的。空處引導賓語從句，從句不缺主謂賓，但分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)和句意可知，從句缺少方式狀語，故填how。 10．Your future is in your hands. Your life is ________ you make of it. 答案與解析　what　句意：你的未來在你的手中，你的生活是你自己創(chuàng)造的。空處所引導的表語從句中， make缺少賓語，再分析句意可知應填what。 Ⅲ.語法填空 閱讀下面材料，在空白處填入適當?shù)膬?nèi)容(不多于3個單詞)或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。 A couple had been married for over 60 years. They shared everything, talked about everything and kept no secrets __11__ each other except that the woman had a box in a drawer __12__ she had cautioned her husband never to open or ask her about. Hed never thought about it ever since. One day __13__ woman got very sick and the doctor said she wouldnt recover. To sort out their affairs, the husband took down the box and __14__ (bring) it to his wifes bedside. She agreed it was time that he should know __15__ was in the box. __16__ (open) it, he found two small table mats and a sum of money totaling $25,000. He asked her about the contents. “When we were to be married，” she said, “my grandma told me the secret of happy __17__ (marry) was never to argue, and I should just keep quiet and make a mat __18__ I got angry with you.” The man was so __19__ (move) that he had to fight back tears. She had only been angry with him twice in all those years of living and loving! “Honey，” he said, “that explains the mats, but what about the money? Where did it e from？” “Oh，” she said, “thats the money I made from selling __20__.” 答案　11.from　12.that/which　13.the　14.brought　15.what　16.Opening　17.marriage　18.if/when　19.moved　20.them/the mats Ⅳ.閱讀理解 A Americans are buying more products and services than ever before through the Internet. And experts say the popularity of online sales is likely to spread to other countries. Online sales now represent as much as onetenth of all retail sales in the United States. This has led traditional stores to seek new ways to keep their customers loyal. Lynne Shaner used the Internet to buy everything she needed. Other than food, 90%of her purchases were made on her home puter. She said “I find that by being able to go online and choose the things that I need to choose, and have them delivered to me right at my doorstep, I eliminate all the driving, all the crowds, all the noise of that, and I usually get a better selection.” There are a lot of people like her. 57%of Americans have bought something electronically in the past few months. Store owners worry that this growing amount of online sales will hurt their business. Cornell University marketing professor says traditional stores can keep their customers by selling goods like clothing, which buyers may want to see and try on before purchasing. He says the stores could also offer things that are difficult to ship. He also says some stores can please customers by offering to set up or repair electronic products. Bill Martin is the founder of ShopperTrak which helps stores learn about their customers. He says that traditional stores offer a social experience that some people enjoy and the experience and emotion in the buying decision before theyre ready to part with money cant be got online. Its a rather cold process. Bill Martin says traditional stores can provide goods to buyers more quickly than online stores.While emerce worries some business owners, the worry for delivery services like FedEx and UPS is keeping up with the number of packages. UPS Manager Dana Kline says her pany is very busy at this time of year. 21．The underlined word “eliminate” in Paragraph 2 most probably means ________. A. observe B. ignore C. tolerate D. remove 答案與解析　D　根據(jù)畫線詞前面的“have them delivered to me right at my doorstep”可判斷， eliminate是“不加以考慮”的意思，與D項remove意思接近。 22．What is store owners attitude towards online sales growth? A. Devotion. B. Sympathy. C. Anxiety. D. Approving. 答案與解析　C　根據(jù)第三段中的“Store owners worry that this growing amount of online sales will hurt their business.”可知，零售店店主們對日益增長的網(wǎng)上購物感到擔憂。 23．The fourth paragraph is mainly about ________. A. the advice to traditional stores B. how to sell goods like clothing C. how to ship some special products D. the tendency of online sales 答案與解析　A　通讀第四段內(nèi)容可知。 24．What can we learn about Bill Martin? A. He assists traditional stores in selling products. B. He founded a delivery pany. C. He is in favor of online shopping. D. He thinks online sales are quicker than retail sales. 答案與解析　A　根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段“Bill Martin is the founder of ShopperTrak which helps stores learn about their customers.”可知。 25．The authors purpose of writing the text is most likely to ________. A. inform B. persuade C. describe D. entertain 答案與解析　C　通讀全文可知，作者寫這篇文章是為了對網(wǎng)絡購物及其對實體商店的影響進行客觀的描述。 B (xx西安五校模擬) America was faced with one of its worst ever mass shootings on Friday when 20 children and six adults were shot dead by a gunman who opened fire at an elementary school in Connecticut. The gunshot at Sandy Hook elementary school in Newtown, about 65 miles northeast of New York, is understood to have been carried out by a gunman, who was later found dead at the scene. State policeman Paul Vance said 18 children died at the scene and two more died in hospital. Six adults were found dead at the school, Vance said.The bodies of the victims remain inside the school. In an emotional press conference at the White House, Barack Obama suggested that he may take action.Fighting back tears, he said: “Weve tolerated too many of these tragedies (悲劇) in the past few years.And each time I learn the news I react not as a president, but as anybody else would as a parent.And that was especially true today.I know theres not a parent in America who isnt in the same overwhelming sorrow (極度的悲哀) that I am.” Referring to a number of major shootings this year alone, Obama continued: “Whether its an elementary school in Newtown, or a shopping mall in Oregon, or a temple in Wisconsin, or a movie theatre in Aurora, or a street corner in Chicago—these neighbourhoods are our neighbourhoods, and these children are our children.And were going to have to e together and take meaningful action to prevent more tragedies like this, regardless of the politics.” 26．How many people died at the scene? A. 18.　　　B. 20. C. 26.　　　D. 24. 答案與解析　D　本題問的是在出事地點死了多少人。第一段提到了20個孩子和6個成年人是這次槍擊案的死亡人數(shù)的總數(shù)。第三段講到18個孩子當場死亡，還有6個成年人，2個孩子死在了醫(yī)院，當場死亡人數(shù)應是24人，所以D項正確。 27．The underlined word “understood” in the second paragraph here probably means “________”． A. to be known B. to be believed C. to be agreed with D. to be realized 答案與解析　B　根據(jù)該畫線詞后面的“to have been carried out by a gunman, ...”可推測understood是to be believed的意思。人們相信這一槍擊案是后來發(fā)現(xiàn)已死在現(xiàn)場的一個持槍人制造的。 28．From the speech, we can infer that Obama is ________. A. serious and supportive B. sad and determined C. delighted and satisfied D. confused and worried 答案與解析　B　根據(jù)最后兩段可知，奧巴馬的心情悲傷，禁槍禁暴的態(tài)度堅定。 29．The best headline of the news should be ________. A. President Obamas Speech B. America Is in Danger C. Americas Gun Control Appears a Problem D. Gunman Kills 20 School Children 答案與解析　D　這篇文章以新聞報道的形式報道了發(fā)生在美國康乃迪州一所小學的槍擊案，引用了美國總統(tǒng)奧巴馬在新聞發(fā)布會上的發(fā)言。全文圍繞槍擊案這一主題，所以只有D項適合作本文標題。