直接加熱轉(zhuǎn)筒式干燥機(jī),直接,加熱,轉(zhuǎn)筒式,干燥機(jī) 第 V 頁 鞍山科技大學(xué)本科生畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)（論文） 直接加熱轉(zhuǎn)筒式干燥機(jī) 摘 要 時(shí)代在發(fā)展，人類在進(jìn)步。環(huán)境保護(hù)已經(jīng)越來越多的被人們所重視。解決煤燃燒產(chǎn)生的大氣污染問題是目前一個(gè)很重要也很緊迫的問題，隨著人類對(duì)煤的研究，發(fā)現(xiàn)原煤和生物量的混合物燃燒后幾乎不含有污染性氣體。本設(shè)計(jì)的目的是為無污染生物煤的生產(chǎn)提供低成本的原煤干燥設(shè)備，為生物煤的推廣打下堅(jiān)實(shí)的基礎(chǔ)，同時(shí)也為環(huán)保事業(yè)做出貢獻(xiàn)。 本設(shè)計(jì)采用如下方案：采用轉(zhuǎn)筒式，直接傳熱方式，主要靠對(duì)流傳熱，采取并流操作，使用高溫?zé)煹罋庾鳛檩d體。由一般異步電動(dòng)機(jī)，圓柱齒輪減速器和齒輪齒圈傳動(dòng)組成動(dòng)力傳動(dòng)裝置。由重油燃燒產(chǎn)生煙道氣，石棉做保溫層，尾氣除塵設(shè)備選擇旋風(fēng)分離器。物料進(jìn)、出傳送均采用皮帶傳輸機(jī)。密封方式頸向迷宮式密封。 在設(shè)計(jì)任務(wù)給定后，確定了設(shè)計(jì)所需的基本參數(shù)。進(jìn)行了物料衡算和熱量衡算，解決了需要消耗多少干燥介質(zhì)和熱量的問題。依據(jù)物料衡算和熱量衡算的結(jié)果計(jì)算并確定了設(shè)備的規(guī)格參數(shù)。對(duì)干燥設(shè)備作了結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì)的詳細(xì)計(jì)算和必要的強(qiáng)度校核。并選擇配套的附屬裝置，如物料的傳輸方式選擇、熱風(fēng)系統(tǒng)加熱方式選擇、引風(fēng)機(jī)選型等，更加完善了設(shè)計(jì)的完整性。 關(guān) 鍵 詞：直接傳熱，轉(zhuǎn)筒式，干燥，原煤 Direct heating transfers the cylinder drying machine Abstract As the time going ,the environmental protection is getting more and more important in the new century. The output of coal burns is one kind of the things that course the environments pollution. However, scientists find that the output of the mixture burns ,which is the raw coal and creature s mixture, hardly doesnt contains pollutions. The purpose of this design is to study out one kind of dry equipments for raw coal, which makes the first step from the raw coal to creature coal. This design adopted the tube type dehydrator ,and transmitting heat directly by the main way of convection .and in this design adopted the parallel flow operation ,used the heat flue gas to carry the heat .the general asynchronous motor, cylinder gear speed reducer and tooth ring transmission composite the power transmission apparatus .the bure of the heavy oil create the flue gas and the heat preservation lamella is made by asbestos .the same time tornado separator can remove the dust tail gases. The strap delivers, machine carries out the in and out transmissions of the material. The seal method is diameter faces the maze type seal. After the design mission given ,I made out all the data that must be compute out. To resole the problem how much medium for dry and the calorific value would be consumed, I have done the material calculates and the sum calorific value calculates. And according them I work out the specification parameter of the equipment. And more I have made some additional deal design, such as hot blast system and the breeze machine etc ,which made the design more perfect the complete. Key Words:Transmit heat directly , cylinder ,Dry , Raw coal 目 錄 1 緒論……………………………………………………………………………………1 1.1干燥技術(shù)的概況………………………………………………………………1 1.2干燥技術(shù)發(fā)展的總趨勢(shì)………………………………………………………2 1.3干燥器的分類和選型…………………………………………………………3 1.3.1干燥器的分類…………………………………………………………3 1.3.2干燥器的選型…………………………………………………………3 1.4回轉(zhuǎn)圓筒干燥器的特性………………………………………………………4 1.5回轉(zhuǎn)圓筒干燥器在工業(yè)上的應(yīng)用……………………………………………5 1.6回轉(zhuǎn)圓筒干燥器的設(shè)計(jì)概論…………………………………………………5 2 設(shè)計(jì)初始參數(shù)的確定…………………………………………………………………7 2.1已知參數(shù)………………………………………………………………………7 2.2其他所需參數(shù)的確定…………………………………………………………7 2.2.1并流適用于下列物料的干燥…………………………………………7 2.2.2逆流方式適用于下列物料……………………………………………7 2.3混合氣的參數(shù)計(jì)算……………………………………………………………12 3 物料衡算和熱量衡算…………………………………………………………………14 3.1水分蒸發(fā)量……………………………………………………………………14 3.2空氣消耗量……………………………………………………………………14 4 設(shè)備規(guī)格參數(shù)的設(shè)計(jì)和確定…………………………………………………………16 4.1筒體直徑………………………………………………………………………16 4.2容積散熱系數(shù)…………………………………………………………………16 4.3筒體長度………………………………………………………………………16 4.3.1預(yù)熱段長度……………………………………………………………16 4.3.2蒸發(fā)段長度……………………………………………………………18 4.3.3加熱段長度……………………………………………………………18 4.4轉(zhuǎn)筒得轉(zhuǎn)速喝傾斜度得選擇…………………………………………………19 4.4.1轉(zhuǎn)速……………………………………………………………………19 4.4.2筒體地斜度……………………………………………………………19 4.5停留時(shí)間………………………………………………………………………19 4.6填充系數(shù)………………………………………………………………………20 4.7熱風(fēng)系統(tǒng)加熱形式的選擇……………………………………………………21 4.8鼓風(fēng)機(jī)或引風(fēng)機(jī)的選型………………………………………………………21 4.9旋風(fēng)分離器和進(jìn)、出料裝置…………………………………………………22 5 回轉(zhuǎn)圓筒干燥器的結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì)與計(jì)算…………………………………………………24 5.1筒體設(shè)計(jì)………………………………………………………………………24 　　　 5.1.1筒體結(jié)構(gòu)組成…………………………………………………………24 　　　5.1.2筒體載荷計(jì)算…………………………………………………………29 　　 5.1.3筒體彎矩與應(yīng)力計(jì)算…………………………………………………32 　　　5.1.4筒體變形計(jì)算…………………………………………………………35 5.2滾圈設(shè)計(jì)………………………………………………………………………38 5.2.1滾圈的結(jié)構(gòu)型式………………………………………………………38 5.2.2滾圈的設(shè)計(jì)與計(jì)算……………………………………………………39 5.3托輪及軸承設(shè)計(jì)………………………………………………………………41 　 　　5.3.1結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì)………………………………………………………………41 　　　5.3.2托輪及軸承的計(jì)算……………………………………………………42 5.4擋輪及軸的設(shè)計(jì)………………………………………………………………46 5.4.1擋輪……………………………………………………………………46 5.4.2擋輪受力………………………………………………………………46 5.4.3擋輪參數(shù)的確定………………………………………………………47 5.4.4擋輪軸及軸承的選擇…………………………………………………48 5.5傳動(dòng)裝置的確定設(shè)計(jì)依據(jù)……………………………………………………49 　　 5.5.1電動(dòng)機(jī)選型……………………………………………………………49 5.5.2齒輪配置………………………………………………………………49 5.5.3傳動(dòng)裝置計(jì)算…………………………………………………………50 5.6減速器的選型…………………………………………………………………53 　　 5.6.1按強(qiáng)度選用減速器……………………………………………………53 　　 5.6.2校核熱功率……………………………………………………………53 5.7聯(lián)軸器的選型…………………………………………………………………54 5.7.1聯(lián)軸器的計(jì)算轉(zhuǎn)矩……………………………………………………54 5.7.2聯(lián)軸器的工作轉(zhuǎn)速……………………………………………………54 5.7.3軸孔直徑………………………………………………………………54 5.8進(jìn)、出料端設(shè)計(jì)………………………………………………………………54 6 回轉(zhuǎn)圓筒干燥器的密封………………………………………………………………56 7 回轉(zhuǎn)圓筒干燥器的安裝、調(diào)整和運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)………………………………………………57 8 經(jīng)濟(jì)性分析……………………………………………………………………………58 結(jié)論與思考……………………………………………………………………………60 致謝……………………………………………………………………………………61 參考文獻(xiàn)………………………………………………………………………………62